Perum BULOG Strategic Role
Perum BULOG plays a strategic role in food management to realize sovereignty, stock availability, and stabilization of staple food prices. The issuance of Government Regulation No. 13 of 2016 dated May 17, 2016 concerning Public Company (Perum) BULOG and Presidential Regulation No. 48 of 2016 dated May 30, 2016 became the legal basis for the importance of the Government’s role in maintaining the availability, aff ordability, stability and quality of food for the people. The dynamics of changes that continue to occur aff ect the future of Indonesia’s food security in various dimensions, so that the role of the Government through Perum BULOG is increasingly needed in the hope of being able to consistently maintain food security.
In order to fulfi ll this assignment, Perum BULOG has an obligation to meet the availability of food stocks in order to maintain price stability. Eff orts to supply commodities by prioritizing the absorption of domestic production (DN) became the fi rst choice.
However, several commodities experienced supply defi cits due to a lack of domestic production which led to price spikes. As a solution, the provision of stock from abroad according to the assignment given by the Government is a step that needs to be taken. This step is not only to secure the price, but also to guarantee that domestic food security needs to be prioritized to maintain the nation’s economic cycle.
Strategic Policies in 2020
Perum BULOG’s strategic policies are refl ected in operational planning, food data, and the Government’s market, with various initiatives that have been carried out in 2020 as follows:
1. Improved provision of data and information on staple food prices in an earlier and more accurate manner
This activity includes observation, collection, analysis and provision of data related to operations. Information obtained through primary data is carried out by structural functions in each region or secondary from other agencies outside Perum BULOG. The secondary data and information collection is carried out through the provision of external supporting data every month by purchasing reference data and information from agencies outside Perum BULOG. Apart from books and offi cial data published by certain agencies, data collection is also done through the internet (offi cial websites of several domestic and foreign agencies and institutions); and minutes of meeting.
Several agencies that are sources of external data for Perum BULOG include the Central Agency on Statistics (BPS) for data on prices, production and other economic indicators; Ministry of Agriculture for the balance of foodstuff s; Meteorology, Climatology and Geology Agency for rainfall and climate forecast data; Ministry of Trade for data on national rice
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harga beras nasional dan lainnya; Pasar Induk Beras Cipinang untuk situasi harga dan kondisi pasar beras di Jakarta yang menjadi indikator perberasan nasional.
Penggunaan aplikasi SIGAP dengan basis pencatatan Kantor Wilayah dan Kantor Cabang dilakukan dengan komposisi kegiatan meliputi pengamatan harga di tingkat eceran (harian/K1 dan mingguan/K2), grosir/distributor (mingguan/
G1), dan harga di tingkat produsen (mingguan/P1). Pasar yang menjadi lokasi pencatatan adalah pasar pencatatan BPS dan non-pencatatan BPS, serta produsen.
Di tahun 2020, Perum BULOG menambah 2 (dua) instrumen baru dalam jaringan pencatatan dan pelaporan harga di pasaran umum, yakni berupa aplikasi mobile dan dashboard.
Aplikasi mobile mempermudah dan mempercepat proses pelaporan data dari berbagai wilayah sedangkan kehadiran dashboard mempermudah akses dan pembacaan data hasil pencatatan rutin. Selain akses data menggunakan dashboard, Perum BULOG juga secara rutin menyusun laporan kondisi pasar terkini melalui laporan manajerial harian, bulanan, semester, dan tahunan yang sudah dilaksanakan dalam bentuk laporan manajerial harian.
2. Analisis perkembangan produksi, konsumsi, dan harga bahan pangan pokok
Perum BULOG secara rutin melakukan analisis serta perkembangan terkini berbagai aspek terkait pasokan dan permintaan, seperti perkembangan harga mingguan dan bulanan, perkembangan kondisi air waduk nasional, perkembangan produksi gabah nasional, dan lain-lain.
3. Analisis perencanaan operasional melalui Sales and Operational Planning
Kegiatan yang dilakukan antara lain perencanaan penjualan, perencanaan pasokan, perencanaan pengolahan, dan perencanaan distribusi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan untuk mensinkronkan antara rencana penjualan dengan rencana pasokan, sehingga diperoleh kesepakatan rencana operasional. Perencanaan operasional 2020 yang disusun meliputi komoditi beras PSO, beras komersial, gula, minyak goreng, tepung terigu, daging kerbau, daging sapi, daging ayam, telur ayam, bawang merah, bawang putih, bawang bombay, cabai merah, jagung dan kedelai.
Perencanaan operasional yang disusun tersebut dilakukan evaluasi setiap bulan untuk memastikan ketersediaan stok masing-masing komoditi. Dari sisi akurasi perencanaan, nilai akurasi perencanaan operasional 2020 yang disusun masih kurang akurat (tepat) dibandingkan dengan realisasinya. Nilai akurasi 100% merupakan hasil perencanaan yang akurat (tepat). Nilai akurasi semakin mendekati 100% bisa dikatakan perencanaan tersebut semakin mendekati akurat (tepat).
Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan operasional 2020, masih banyak nilai akurasi perencanaan untuk masing-masing komoditi yang belum mendekati 100%. Perencanaan
prices and others; Cipinang Rice Wholesale Market for the price situation and market conditions for rice in Jakarta which are indicators of national rice.
The use of SIGAP application with the basis of recording Regional Offi ces and Branch Offi ces is carried out with activities including price monitoring at the retail level (daily/
K1 and weekly/K2), wholesalers/ distributors (weekly/G1), and prices at the producer level (weekly/P1). The markets monitored are BPS recorded market and BPS non-recorded market, and the producers.
In 2020, Perum BULOG added 2 (two) new instruments in the price recording and reporting network in the general market, namely the mobile applications and dashboards. The mobile application simplifi es and speeds up the process of reporting data from various regions, while the presence of a dashboard makes it easier to access and read data from routine recordings. In addition to accessing data using the dashboard, Perum BULOG also routinely compiles reports on the latest market conditions through daily, monthly, semester and annual managerial reports that have been carried out in the form of daily managerial reports.
2. Analysis of the development of production, consumption, and prices of staple food
Perum BULOG routinely conducts analysis and the latest developments in various aspects related to supply and demand, such as weekly and monthly price development, development in national reservoir water conditions, development in national grain production, and others.
3. Operational planning analysis through Sales and Operational Planning
Activities carried out include sales planning, supply planning, processing planning, and distribution planning. This activity is carried out to synchronize the sales plan with the supply plan, so that an agreement on the operational plan is obtained.
The 2020 operational planning compiled includes PSO rice, commercial rice, sugar, cooking oil, wheat fl our, buff alo meat, beef, chicken meat, chicken eggs, shallots, garlic, onions, red chilies, corn and soybeans.
The operational planning that has been prepared is evaluated every month to ensure the availability of stock for each commodity. In terms of planning accuracy, the accuracy value of the 2020 operational planning compiled is still less accurate (precise) compared to its realization. The 100%
accuracy value is the result of an accurate (correct) planning.
The value of accuracy is getting closer to 100%, it can be said that the planning is getting closer to being accurate (precise).
Based on the results of the 2020 operational planning, there are some planning accuracy values for each commodity that are far from 100%. Operational planning that is quite accurate
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(>80%) in terms of procurement and sales, are operational planning for PSO rice, commercial rice, wheat fl our and garlic commodities. The accuracy of 2020 operational planning against 2020 realization is as follows.
2020 Operational Planning Accuracy
Other activities carried out are coordination with ministries/
government agencies related to the assignment of the Government to Perum BULOG.
4. Government market distribution
The realization of the distribution of the Government Market (Budget Group and CBP Use) in 2020 is entirely above 100%. The high distribution of PSO in 2020 was due to the government’s assignment to distribute 450,000 tons of rice in the Rice Social Aid program as an instrument to overcome the eff ects of the Covid-19 pandemic.
5. Joint surveys and studies with other agencies/institutions In order to improve data completeness and analytical capability, Perum BULOG pioneered cooperation in data exchange and support for work processes with the Central operasional yang sudah cukup akurat (>80%) dari sisi
pengadaan maupun penjualan yaitu perencanaan operasional untuk komoditi beras PSO, beras komersial, tepung terigu dan bawang putih. Persentase akurasi perencanaan operasional 2020 terhadap realisasi 2020 adalah sebagai berikut.
Akurasi Perencanaan Operasional Tahun 2020 No Komoditi
Commodity
Realisasi 2020 (Kg)
2020 Realization (Kg) Perencanaan 2020 (Kg)
2020 Planning (Kg) Akurasi Perencanaan (%) Planning Accuracy (%) Pengadaan
Procurement Penjualan
Sales Pengadaan
Procurement Penjualan
Sales Pengadaan
Procurement Penjualan Sales 1 Beras PSO
PSO Rice
687,042,208 1,601,399,678 657,570,763 1,923,270,655 98.45% 93.54%
2 Beras Kom Commercial Rice
569,464,955 637,931,419 382,057,549 666,099,569 86.07% 98.47%
3 Gula Sugar
98,598,242 83,580,313 222,050,106 137,969,136 72.78% 82.64%
4 Minyak goreng Cooking oil
16,601,651 16,286,996 7,106,152 6,087,088 71.68% 67.76%
5 Tepung terigu Wheat fl our
6,107,825 5,939,757 4,233,891 4,003,203 87.19% 86.23%
6 Daging kerbau Buff alo meat
37,490,088 23,960,097 81,484,430 88,678,703 73.85% 59.37%
7 Daging sapi Beef
445,622 163,124 3,151,235 2,327,239 46.81% 38.55%
8 Daging ayam Chicken meat
290,206 274,152 540,870 421,756 78.67% 85.00%
9 Telur ayam Chicken egg
7,222,841 8,922,466 14,151,192 3,627,789 77.08% 70.17%
10 Bawang merah Shallot
36,666 36,352 136,479 90,753 59.24% 69.88%
11 Bawang putih Garlic
85,702 69,696 149,352 106,793 80.85% 85.14%
12 Bawang Bombay Onion
- - 1,531 - 29.29% -
13 Cabai merah Red Chili
1,803 1,803 42,320 23,352 35.07% 39.43%
14 Jagung Corn
373,100 475,713 126,316,752 31,742,573 29.71% 31.38%
15 Kedelai Soybean
5,601 5,601 67,350 262,360 40.15% 32.25%
Keterangan/Note: (warna hijau) Akurasi Perencanaan > 80% / (green) Planning Accuracy > 80%
Kegiatan lain yang dilaksanakan yaitu koordinasi dengan kementerian/lembaga pemerintah terkait dengan penugasan Pemerintah kepada Perum BULOG.
4. Penyaluran pasar Pemerintah
Realisasi penyaluran Pasar Pemerintah (Golongan Anggaran dan Penggunaan CBP) di tahun 2020 seluruhnya berada di atas 100%. Tingginya penyaluran PSO pada tahun 2020 disebabkan oleh adanya penugasan pemerintah untuk menyalurkan beras pada program Bantuan Sosial Beras sebagai salah satu instrumen penanggulangan efek pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 450.000 ton.
5. Kerja sama survei dan kajian bersama dengan instansi/
lembaga lain
Dalam rangka meningkatkan kelengkapan data dan kapabilitas analisis, maka Perum BULOG merintis kerjasama pertukaran data dan dukungan proses kerja dengan Badan Pusat Statistik.
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Guna menunjang rencana tersebut maka pada bulan Februari 2020 telah dilakukan pembahasan pendahuluan. Pada tahun 2020 juga Perum BULOG telah menyusun kajian terkait peningkatan stok CBP melalui kerjasama dengan Kementerian Pertanian dan Bappenas. Selain itu juga dilakukan perintisan pemanfaatan sagu sebagai subtitusi beras dan pangan bantuan bencana alam dan peningkatan gizi masyarakat hingga telah mencapai tingkat MoU dengan BPPT selaku penggagas teknologi pengolahan pangan dan PT Bangka Asindo Agri selaku produsen pangan berbahan dasar sagu. Pada tahap selanjutnya akan dilaksanakan PKS antara BULOG dengan kedua institusi tersebut.
6. Focus Group Discussion
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) yang telah diselenggarakan pada tahun 2020 adalah FGD Pembahasan Kebijakan Pelepasan Stok dalam Pengelolaan CBP pada tanggal 2 Desember 2020. Acara ini diikuti oleh perwakilan dari Perum BULOG, Badan Ketahanan Pangan (BKP), Badan Kebijakan Fiskal, Badan Pengawasan Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP), dan Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian. Pada FGD ini muncul kesepakatan berupa:
a. KPA BKP akan diperbaiki dengan penunjukan ditentukan oleh Menteri Pertanian (cq. Sekjen Kementan) bukan oleh Menteri Keuangan.
b. Anggaran di Kementan terkait disposal stock akan dikaji oleh DJA.
c. Irjen Kementan meminta reviu dari BPKP berupa disposal stok CBP guna memastikan tagihan yang diusulkan Perum BULOG sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan.
d. Dalam pengelolaan CBP, pelepasan stok merupakan salah satu kegiatan dan telah disepakati dalam Rakortas tingkat Menteri bahwa Perum BULOG diijinkan untuk melepas 20.637 ton beras turun mutu yang tidak bisa digunakan untuk pangan dan pakan sehingga dilepas dengan harga murah melalui lelang terbuka sebagai bahan industri non-pangan dan non-pakan.
e. Rakortas telah meminta Kementerian Pertanian untuk menunjuk KPA dan telah ditunjuk Kepala BKP. Perlu ada revisi surat penunjukan yang saat ini diminta untuk ditetapkan oleh Menteri Keuangan.
f. Dari sisi anggaran, DJA akan segera melakukan kajian kinerja anggaran Kementerian Pertanian untuk menjadi DIPA dalam pelepasan stok.
g. Terhadap penyediaan anggaran dibutuhkan dokumen dari KPA antara lain: KAK, RAB dan audit APIP.
h. Irjen Kementerian Pertanian sudah memberikan penugasan kepada BPKP untuk melakukan kajian atas kegiatan disposal stock. BPKP masih meminta kepastian ruang lingkup kajian dan siap untuk melaksanakan kajian.
i. Perum BULOG akan menyiapkan seluruh dokumentasi yang diminta Kementerian Pertanian untuk memenuhi persyaratan dokumentasi terkait disposal stock CBP dalam proses kajian dan proses penagihan.
Bureau of Statistics. To support this plan, in February 2020 a preliminary discussion was carried out. In 2020 Perum BULOG has also compiled a study related to increasing CBP stocks in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Bappenas. In addition, pioneering the use of sago as a substitute for rice and food for natural disaster aid and improving community nutrition to reach the MoU level with BPPT as the initiator of food processing technology and PT Bangka Asindo Agri as a producer of sago-based food. In the next stage, a PKS will be carried out between BULOG and the two institutions.
6. Focus Group Discussion
The Focus Group Discussion (FGD) that was held in 2020 was the FGD on Stock Release Policy in CBP Management on December 2, 2020. This event was attended by representatives from Perum BULOG, Food Security Agency (BKP), Fiscal Policy Agency, Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP), and the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Aff airs. This FGD reach the following agreements:
a. KPA BKP will be amended with appointment determined by the Minister of Agriculture (cq. Secretary General of the Ministry of Agriculture) not by the Minister of Finance.
b. The budget at the Ministry of Agriculture regarding disposal stock will be reviewed by the DJA.
c. The Inspector General of the Ministry of Agriculture requests a review from BPKP in the form of CBP stock disposal to ensure that the bill proposed by Perum BULOG is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Finance.
d. In CBP management, stock release is one of the activities and it has been agreed in the Ministerial Level Coordination Meeting that Perum BULOG is allowed to release 20,637 tons of degraded rice that cannot be consumed so that it is released at low prices through open auctions as non-food industry material.
e. The Coordination Meeting has asked the Ministry of Agriculture to appoint KPA and has been appointed the Head of BKP. There needs to be a revision of the appointment letter which is currently being asked to be determined by the Minister of Finance.
f. In terms of budget, DJA will immediately conduct a review of the budget performance of the Ministry of Agriculture to become DIPA in stock release.
g. For budget provision, documents from KPA are required, including: KAK, RAB and APIP audit.
h. Inspector General of the Ministry of Agriculture has assigned BPKP to conduct a study on disposal stock activities. BPKP is still asking for certainty about the scope of the study and is ready to carry out the study.
i. Perum BULOG will prepare all documentation requested by the Ministry of Agriculture to fulfi ll documentation requirements related to CBP disposal stock in the review process and billing process.
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Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 13 Tahun 2016 tanggal 17 Mei 2016 tentang Perusahaan Umum (Perum) BULOG, Perum BULOG memiliki maksud dan tujuan untuk turut melaksanakan dan menunjang kebijakan dan program Pemerintah dan Pemerintah Daerah di bidang ekonomi dan pembangunan nasional pada umumnya terutama di bidang logistik pangan serta optimalisasi pemanfaatan sumber daya perusahaan untuk menghasilkan barang dan jasa berdasarkan prinsip pengelolaan perusahaan yang sehat.
Dalam mengelola penugasan tersebut, manajemen menerjemahkan segmen operasi menjadi 2 (“dua”) segmen utama, yaitu Pelayanan Publik atau Public Service Obligation (PSO), dan Komersial. Hal ini juga sejalan dengan penerapan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) 5 “Segmen Operasi” dalam Laporan Keuangan Teraudit yang memberikan informasi tentang segmen berdasarkan kategori produk.
Segmen Operasi Perum BULOG Perum BULOG’s Operation Segment