ﻲﺑآ يﺎﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ رد نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
نﺎﻴﻌﻧﺎﻗ ﻲﻘﺗ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
شﻮﭘ ماﺮﺣا ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ 1
يرﺪﻔﺻ يﺪﻬﻣ2
ﻪﻌﻤﺟ مﺎﻣا يﺪﻬﻣ3
ﻦﺴﺤﻣ4
ﻲﻫﺎﺷ يﺮﻜﺴﻋ
5
1 . ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔرﺎﻴﺸﻧاد دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ
2 . دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ دﺎﺘﺳا
3 . لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
ﺪﻴﻬـﺷ ﻲﻧﺎـﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ ﺪﺷرا سﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﻦﻔﻠﺗ
: 09127875406 [email protected]
Email:
4 . ﻦﻳوﺰﻗ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا
5 . دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،يژﻮﻟ ﻮﻴﻣﺪﻴﭘا و رﺎﻣآ هوﺮﮔ رﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ
ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ود دﺰﻳ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ﻢﻫدﺰﻴﺳ لﺎﺳ
هرﺎﻤﺷ : مود
دادﺮﺧ و ﺮﻴﺗ 1393
ﻞﺴﻠﺴﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ :
44
لﻮﺻو ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
31 / 4 / 1391
شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
22 / 6 / 1391 هﺪﻴﻜﭼ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ : دراد هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تاﺮﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ بآ رد ﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ رﻮﻀﺣ .
قاﺰﺑ ﺎﻳ هﺪﻌﻣ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﺎﻴﺣا ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ نادازﻮﻧ رد ﺎﻴﻨﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻬﺘﻣ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ دﺎﺠﻳا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ
. ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا زا فﺪﻫ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﺑّآ يﺎﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو ﻪﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ .
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ شور :
ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ عﻮﻧ زا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘﺎﻧ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ و ﻲﻫﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ رد ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ يدﺎﻴﻨﺑ_
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا ﻲﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ تروﺎﺠﻣ رد نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
) 150mg/L ، 100 ، (50 pH ﺎﺑ 9) ، 7 ، 5 ، 3 ( ﺪﻧﺎﻣ نﺎﻣز و 180)
، 120 ، 60 ، 30
، 15 ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ( بذﺎﺟ نزو ، 8)
/ 0 ،
6 / 0
، 4 / gr0 جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ ود رد ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﻜﭙﺳا هﺎﮕﺘﺳد زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ( 220
و 275
ﺪﺷ يﺮﻴﮔ هزاﺪﻧا ﺮﺘﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ .
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ : ناﺰﻴﻣ بذﺎﺟ زود ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺪﻧﺎﻣ نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
و ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ود ﻦﻳا ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﻤﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻪﻄﺑار و ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا فﺬﺣ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ و دراد دﻮﺟ
،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ وpH
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار راﺪﻘﻣ .
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ فﺬﺣ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا 50
ﻪﺑ 150 زا بﺬﺟ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ،بذﺎﺟ زود ﻦﺘﺷاد ﻪﮕﻧ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ 88
%
ﻪﺑ 48 % ﺎﻛ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻲﻟو ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫ qe)
( زا 31 / 8 ﻪﺑ 3 / 14 ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ .
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ 60
دﺎﺘﻓا قﺎﻔﺗا ﺶﻨﻛاو ﻪﻴﻟوا ﻪﻘﻴﻗد .
يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ :
و هدﻮﺑ ﻲﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺪﺣ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ﻪﺑ ردﺎﻗ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
رد ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ يﺪﻴﺳاpH
. ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا زا هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﺎﻨﻣ و ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻲﺷور ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ قﻮﻓ شور ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺮﮕﻳد يﺎﻫ شور تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ ﺐﺳ
دﺮﻴﮔ راﺮﻗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ .
يﺪﻴﻠﻛ يﺎﻫ هژاو :
ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ بآ ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ،ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ ،نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﻣﺎﻧ نﺎﻳﺎﭘ زا .
ﻲﻣ نﮋﻴﺴﻛا ﻢﺗا ﻪﺳ و نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻢﺗا ﻚﻳ زا ﻞﻜﺸﺘﻣ ﻲﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪ
ﻲﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ رﺎﺑ ﻚﻳ ندﻮﺑ اراد ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻲﻧﻮﻴﻧآ هدﻮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ نﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ ﺎﺑ نﺪﺷ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا ﺖﻌﻴﺒﻃ رد و
ددﺮﮔ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ﻲﺜﻨﺧ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ )
1 .(
ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﺑ ﻪ ترﻮﺻ زا ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ رﻮﻄﺑ و دراد دﻮﺟو ﺖﺴﻳز ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد لﻮﻠﺤﻣ
رد ﺎﻫ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ راد نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ تﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ نﻮﻴﺳاﺪﻴﺴﻛا و ﺪﻋر ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻜﻳﺮﺘﻜﻟا ﻪﻴﻠﺨﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﺘﻤﻛ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ رد و كﺎﺧ ،بآ ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ قﺮﺑ )
3،2 .(
يا ﻪﺧﺮﭼ ياراد نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ رد ﻲﻌﻴﺒﻃ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺖﺴﻳز ﻂﻴﺤﻣ )
4 ( ﻪﻛ رد نآ ﻴﻧ ﺎﻬﻳﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ، تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ار نژوﺮﺘ
ﺪﻴﺴﻛا ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ بﺬﺟ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ و ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ .
ﻲﺗﺎﻧاﻮﻴﺣ
ﻦﻴﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ زا ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ﻦﻳا زا ﻪﻛ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ود ﻪﺑ تﺎﻧاﻮﻴﺣ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ شور
ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻪﺑ تﺎﻧاﻮﻴﺣ هدﺮﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻲﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ و عﻮﻓﺪﻣ ﻊﻓد ددﺮﮔ . و مﻮﻴﻧﻮﻣآ نﻮﻳ ﻪﺑ ار تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﮔراوﺮﻜﻴﻣ
ﺪﺒﺗ ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻳ
ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻞ . رد ﻢﻫ و ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﻢﻫ ﺶﻨﻛاو ﻦﻳا
ﺪﻫد ﻲﻣ خر تﺎﻧاﻮﻴﺣ ﺮﮕﻳد و نﺎﺴﻧا شراﻮﮔ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد .
ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ زا ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻳﺎﻳﺮﺘﻛﺎﺑ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻲ )
ﺎﻴﺣا ( ﺎﺑ نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻞﻜﻴﺳ ،
ﻪﺑ ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧ نﺪﺷ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ زﺎﮔ
نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ )
1 .(
نﺮﻗ ود ﻲﻃ
نژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﻞﻜﻴﺳ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ًﺎﺳﺎﺳا نﺎﺴﻧا يﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺮﻴﺧا هﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻣز هﺪﻤﻋ ﺶﺨﺑ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ و هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا ) 6
، 5 .(
نﺎﺴﻧا ﻪﺑ ﺑ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ قﺮﻃ ﻪ
صﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ رد
هدﺎﻣ ﻦﻳا و ﺖﺳا سﺎﻤﺗ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ بآ و ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ داﻮﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺪﺑ دراو
ًﺎﺳﺎﺳا ﺎﻣا ،ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ وا ﻞﻛ
ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ دورو ي ﻪﺑ نﺪﺑ ﻚﻳ 7
/ 0 ﻣﻴ ﻠ ﻲ مﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ازا ي ﺮﻫ ﻛ ﻴ مﺮﮔﻮﻠ نزو نﺪﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 9 - 7 .(
زا ﻲﻜﻳ
ﺑ نآ دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا هﺪﻤﻋ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪ
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ناﻮﻨﻋ
يزروﺎﺸﻛ ﺶﺨﺑ رد هﺪﻨﻨﻛﺰﻴﺧ ﺖﺳا
) 1 .(
ﻧ و تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻲﻃ رد ﺖﻳﺮﺘﻴ
ﻳاز ﻪﻴﻠﺨﺗ ﺎﻳ ﻲﮔﺪﻧرﺎﺑ ﺑ نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ تاﺪ
ﻪ صﻮﺼﺧ
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﺎﻫ بآ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﻧ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا و ﻲﺤﻄﺳ يﺎﻫ بآ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ هار ﻲﻨﻴﻣزﺮﻳز يﺎﻫ )
1 .(
يﺎﻫ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ هزوﺮﻣا
ﺑ ﻲﺑآ ﻪ
ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ بآ رد صﻮﺼﺧ
ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻢﻬﻣ
ﺖﺳا ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ
ﻪﻛ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ تاﺮﺛا ﺮﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ تﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ و هﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ
نﺎﺴﻧا ﺮﻴﻈﻧ
ﺎﻴﻤﻨﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻬﺘﻣ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ دﺎﺠﻳا )
نادازﻮﻧ زﻮﻧﺎﻴﺳ (
ﺑ و ﻦﻴﻨﺟ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛا ، ﻪ
نﺎﻃﺮﺳ هﮋﻳو ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ
) 10 .(
نﺎﺴﻧا ﺮﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ تاﺮﺛا ﻦﻴﻤﻫ يﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ
ﺑ ﻪ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻬﺘﻣ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ دﺎﺠﻳا صﻮﺼﺧ ﺎﻫرﻮﺸﻛ ﺮﺜﻛا رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا
اﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ زا يزﺎﺠﻣ دوﺪﺣ ﻊﺿو ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ بآ رد ت
هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ
ﺖﺳا ) 4 (.
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ
هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ءﻮﺳ ﺮﺛا دﺎﺠﻳا نوﺪﺑ بآ رد )
NOAEL دوﺪﺣ(
mg
10N/L ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ) 11 .(
بآ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ زﺎﺠﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﭘورا دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ار ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ mg NO3/L
تﻻﺎﻳا رد و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد۵٠
دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﺪﺣ ﺰﻴﻧ هﺪﺤﺘﻣ mg N/L
ﺎﻳ١٠ mg N-NO3/L 45
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻊﺿو )
11 ، 4 .(
ناﺮﻳا ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ و دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ
و ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ )
(WHO بآ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ زﺎﺠﻣ ﺪﺣ
ار ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ mg N-NO3/L
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد۵٠ )
13
، 12 .(
رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ا ي ﻪﻛ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺗﻮﻜﻠﻣ ﻴ نﺎ و نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ رد لﺎﺳ 2011 مﺎﺠﻧا
ﺪﺷ فﺬﺣ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا ﻮﻧﺎﻧ هرذ ﻦﻫآ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲ ﺪﺷ . سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ،ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻣﻴ
ناﺰ فﺬﺣ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ رد pH= 4
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 90
% ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ )
14 (.
ﻧﺎﻤﺣر ﻲ و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ رد
لﺎﺳ
2010 رد ﻘﺤﺗ ﻴ ﻖ دﻮﺧ فﺬﺣ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ ار ﺎﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا زا ﻣﺎﭘ ﻴ ﺲ حﻼﺻا
هﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻠﻛ ﻳ ﺪ ﻨﻣ ﻴ ﺰ ﻳ ﻢ و ﻨﻣ ﻴ ﺰ ﻳ ﻢ ﺮﻔﺻ ﻓﺮﻇ ﻴﺘ ﻲ درﻮﻣ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻧداد .
،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ
اﺰﻓا ﻳ ﺶ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻟوا ﻴ ﻪ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ رد راﺪﻘﻣ
اﺮﺷ ﻳ ﻂ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻟﻮﻣ ﻲ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻨﻣ ﻴ ﺰ ﻳ ﻢ ﻪﺑ ﻧﻴ
،تاﺮﺘ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار فﺬﺣ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ
اﺰﻓا ﻳ ﺶ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ) 15 Demiral.(
رﺎﻜﻤﻫو ﻧا لﺎﺳ رد ﺶ 2010
فﺬﺣ
ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ار ﺮﻜﺸﻴﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳرد زاpH
3 و 10 ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 2 / 41
% و 68 / 34
%
بﺬﺟ ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ )
2 / 41 (%
pH رد ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 3 ﺖﺳﺪﺑ
ﺪﻣآ ) 16 .(
ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ لواﺪﺘﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳآﺮﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ
ﻴﺳاﺮﺘﻠﻴﻓ و يزﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺨﻟ و دﺎﻘﻌﻧا ﺖﺳا ﻦﻜﻤﻣﺮﻴﻏ نﻮ
. ﺮﻣا ﻦﻳا ﺖﻠﻋ
ﺐﻴﺳﺮﺗ ياﺮﺑ نآ ﻢﻛ ﻞﻴﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ و تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ يﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻟﻼﺣ و يراﺪﻳﺎﭘ ﺖﺳا بآ رد ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ ﺎﻳ نﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ )
17 .(
يژﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
نﻮﻳ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ،ﻲﻜﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﻜﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧد ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺮﮕﻳد يﺎﻫ IE)
( ،
سﻮﻜﻌﻣ ﺰﻤﺳا RO)
( ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻳدوﺮﺘﻜﻟا ، ED)
( ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﻜﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧد و
ﻣ درﻮﻣ ﺑ ﻲﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷآ بآ زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄ ﻪ
ﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔرﺎﻛ )
18 ، 17 .(
ﺑ لوا درﻮﻣ رﺎﻬﭼ ﺎﻫ شور ﻦﻳا ﻦﻴﺑ زا ﻪ
ﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﻪ
ﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رﺎﻛ WHO .
يﺎﻫ شور
زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ ار نﻮﻳ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ و ﻲﻜﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﻜﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧد ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ بآ )
19 ( EPA ﺎﻣا ور ﺰﻤﺳا ،نﻮﻳ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ يﺎﻫ ش
ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻳﺎﺗ ار ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻳدوﺮﺘﻜﻟا و سﻮﻜﻌﻣ )
20 .(
تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ لﻮﺼﺣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ
نﻮﻳ ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ 90
% سﻮﻜﻌﻣ ﺰﻤﺳا ، 97
% ﺰﻴﻟﺎﻳدوﺮﺘﻜﻟا ، 65
% ،
ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﻜﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧد 70
% ﻲﻜﻳژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑ نﻮﻴﺳﺎﻜﻴﻔﻳﺮﺘﻴﻧد و 100
% ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ
) 25 - 21 .(
رد ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﻨﻳآﺮﻓ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ
ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآ فﺬﺣ ﺖﺳا ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﻳز يﺎﻫ
نآ ﻲﻃ ﻪﻛ ﻚﻳ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا
دﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ترﻮﺻ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻊﻳﺎﻣ ﺎﻳ زﺎﮔ زﺎﻓ زا ﺰﺟ .
زا
و ﺖﻌﻨﺻ رد نآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻦﻳا يﺎﻫدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ هﺪﻨﻳﻻآ فﺬﺣ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺎﻫ
بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ،بآ ،اﻮﻫ زا ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﻳز ي
مﺎﻧ هﺮﻴﻏ و دﺮﺑ
.
ندﺮﻛ اﺪﺟ ،ﺮﻠﻛ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
ﻲﻳاﺬﻏ ﻊﻳﺎﻨﺻ و ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ تاﺰﻠﻓ ﺖﻓﺎﻳزﺎﺑ ،هدﻮﻟآ ياﻮﻫ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ و ﺎﻫزﺎﮔ زا ﻲﻠﻨﻓ تﺎﻘﺘﺸﻣ و ﻞﻨﻓ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ هﺪﻨﻳﻻآ هﻮﻘﻟﺎﺑ تﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ فﺬﺣ و دراد يدﺎﻳز دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ ﻲﺑآ يﺎﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ .
ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ،ﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺎﻣا
ﭘ ﻦﻳﺰﮕﻳﺎﺟ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ يﺮﮕﻳد يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴ
. زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا
تﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﻤﻴﻗ نازرا بذﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻲﻠﻨﻓ .
ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا
ﺖﺳا لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻦﻳﺰﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ )
30 - 26 .(
داﻮﻣ زا ﻲﻌﻴﺳو ﻒﻴﻃ زا ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ار ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ ياراد
ﺳ لﺎﻏز ،بﻮﭼ ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ،ودﺮﮔ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ،ﮓﻨ
تاﺪﻳاز ،ﺎﻫ هﻮﻴﻣ
يزروﺎﺸﻛ دﺮﻛ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ
) 27 .(
ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا
مﺎﺠﻧا ﻚﻴﺘﺘﻨﺳ بﻼﺿﺎﻓ زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ رد نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺪﺷ . ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ شور
يدﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يدﺮﺑرﺎﻛ _
اﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد تﻮﻠﻳﺎﭘ هﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ رد و ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘﺎﻧ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺖﺷ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ .
ﻪﻧﺎﮔاﺪﺟ رﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ،نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد مﺮﮔ بآ ﺎﺑ
ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ
،ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺴﻫ حﻮﻄﺳ رد هﺪﻧﺎﻤﻴﻗﺎﺑ داﻮﻣ ﺶﻳادز ﺖﻬﺟ ﺲﭙﺳ ،ﺪﺷ هداد
يﺎﻣد رد رﻮﻓ رد ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ رد ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ
0C 105 ﻚﺸﺧ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﺲﭘ
يﺎﻣد رد هرﻮﻛ رد ار ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ،نﺪﺷ ﻚﺸﺧ زا
0C 700 تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 2
و هداد راﺮﻗ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﺳ
ردﻮﭘ ﻲﻗﺮﺑ بﺎﻴﺳآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙ ﻮﻤﻧ
و هد
ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ رد ﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻧاد
بذﺎﺟ ي هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﺎﻬﻜﻟا زا ي دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ASTM
ﺶﻣ ﺎﺑ 60 و 100 ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ )
28 .(
ياﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻪﺟرد ﺎﺑ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ و نﺎﻤﻟآ كﺮﻣ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ زا قﻮﻓ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ صﻮﻠﺧ 9 / 99 ﻲﻟﻮﻜﻠﻣ مﺮﺟ ،ﺪﺻرد g/mol
11 / 101 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ .
،ردﺎﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ندﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ياﺮﺑ 815
/ 0 تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ مﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﺳﺎﺘﭘ
رد ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻟﺎﺑ 500 يﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ هﺪﻧﺎﺳر ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺎﺑ و ﻪﺘﺨﻳر
ﺪﺷ . ﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳر
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ رد pH
ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ،نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ 100
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ 100mg/L
رد 4 ﻦﻟرا 250 ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ و ﻪﺘﺨﻳر هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑpH
NaOHزا Hclو
1 لﺎﻣﺮﻧ رد 9 ، 7
، 5 و 3
ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ
راﺪﻘﻣ 4 / 0 ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻪﺑ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ مﺮﮔ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ
. زا ﺲﭘ
ﺮﻜﻴﺷ يور ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻟرا نآ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ
120 ﻪﻘﻴﻗد رد رود نﺎﻣز رد
يﺎﻫﺪﻧﺎﻣ 180 ، 120
، 60
، 30 و 15 ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ .
ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻢﻫ
ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ pH
ندﻮﻤﻧ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ ﺎﺑ قﻮﻓ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ pH
هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ لﺪﻣ ﺮﺘﻣpH
wagtech نﺎﺘﺴﻠﮕﻧا رﻮﺸﻛ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ
ﺖﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ترﻮﺻ .
اﺪﺘﺑا بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ زود ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ زا ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺤﻣ mg/lﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﻢﺠﺣ ﺎﺑ100 500 ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻲﺳ ﻲﺳ
ﺪﺷ . قﻮﻓ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا 100
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ رد 3 ﻦﻟرا 250 و ﻪﺘﺨﻳر ﻲﺳ ﻲﺳ
ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ 4
/ 0 ، 6 / 0 و 8 / 0 مﺮﮔ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ زا ﻪﺑ
ﻞﺧاد يور
3 pH ) ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ( ﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻢ هداد راﺮﻗ نﺰﻤﻫ يور ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻟرا و هﺪﺷ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ راﺪﻘﻣ ،ندﺮﻛ ﺮﺘﻠﻴﻓ زا ﺲﭘ ،هﺪﺷ هرﺎﺷا يﺎﻫ نﺎﻣز رد و هﺪﺷ
ﺪﺷ يﺮﻴﮔ هزاﺪﻧا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد هﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻗﺎﺑ ﻪﻧژوﺮﺘﻴﻧ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ .
ﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ياﺮﺑ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣرد سﺎ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻟﻮﻠﺤﻣ اﺪﺘﺑا ،نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ mg/l
100 ﻢﺠﺣ ﻪﺑ
1000 و ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻲﺳ ﻲﺳ 100
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ رد نآ زا 5 ﻦﻟرا 250
راﺪﻘﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﻳر ﻲﺳ ﻲﺳ 4
/ 0 ﻪﺑ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ مﺮﮔ
و ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﻦﻟرا ﺮﻫ ﻞﺧاد يور ﺎﻫ ﻦﻟرا لﻮﻠﺤﻣpH
3 ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ،
هﺪﺷ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ يﺎﻫ نﺎﻣز ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد راﺮﻗ نﺰﻤﻫ يور ﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻟرا ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﻬﻧآ زا يرادﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رﺎﻛ .
يﺎﻬﺘﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ) mg/l 50
، 100،150 ( رد و ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ pH
3 بذﺎﺟ زود و 4
/ 0
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا تﺎﺸﻳﺎﻣزآ ،هﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ يﺎﻫ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز و مﺮﮔ .
رد
ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺮﺘﻣﻮﺘﻓوﺮﺘﻜﭙﺳا هﺎﮕﺘﺳد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ UV-Vis
Optima sp-3000 لﺪﻣ
جﻮﻣ لﻮﻃ رد 220
و 275 ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ .
ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻲﺤﻄﺳ رﺎﺑ ﺮﺑ راﺬﮔﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ زا لﻮﻠﺤﻣpH
بذﺎﺟ تارذ
ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻫ هﺪﻨﻳﻻآ بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ رد ﻢﻬﻣ يرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ و هدﻮﺑ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﻞﻴﻟد لﻮﻠﺤﻣpH
) 9 - 3 ( رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﺮﺑ
زود رﻮﻀﺣ 4
/ 0 رد مﺮﮔ 100 ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
100 ﻞﻜﺷ رد نآ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ 1
ﻪﺋارا
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ .
ﺳاﺮﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛpH
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ . ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
زاpH 3 ﻪﺑ 9 نﺎﻣز ﻲﻃ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار
180 زا ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 45 ﻪﺑ 20 ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺪﺻرد .
١ ﻞﻜﺷ : ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ﺮﺑpH
) تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
mg/l ١٠٠
بذﺎﺟ زود و
g/l
(۴
بذﺎﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ مﺮﺟ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ،بﺬﺟ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﺖﺳا ﻲﻠﺋﺎﺴﻣ زا ﻲﻜﻳ
دﺮﻴﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ .
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زود ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد
) 4 / 0 - 8 / 0 مﺮﮔ ( رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﺮﺑ 3
pH= ) ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ( رد 100 ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ 100
ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
ﻞﻜﺷ رد نآ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ 2
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا .
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ
شور ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ناﺰﻴﻣ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ نزو ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا رﻮﻛﺬﻣ زا نﻮﺘﻳز 4 / 0 ﻪﺑ 8 / 0
نﺎﺴﻜﻳ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﻚﻳ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ناﺰﻴﻣ
زا
40 ﻪﺑ 70 ﺪﺻرد ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .
ﺛﺎﺗ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ يرادﺮﺑ هﺮﻬﺑ و ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﺮﻴ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻨﻛاو نﺎﻣز دراﺬﮔ ﻲﻣ .
،بﺬﺟ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ نﺎﻣز ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
يﺎﻫ نﺎﻣز رد يرادﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ )
180 - 15 ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ( ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا . ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ نﻮﻣزآ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﺪﻧﺎﻣ نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا فﺬﺣ
) ﻞﻜﺷ 2 ( . نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
زا سﺎﻤﺗ 15
ﻪﺑ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 60 ارﺎﻛ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد
دوﺪﺣ رد ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳ
10
% ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 : تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ رد بذﺎﺟ زود ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ )
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
mg/l و١٠٠ =٣ (pH
ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ يﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ )
150 - 50 ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ (
راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ
ﻞﻜﺷ رد ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ 3
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا .
داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻪﻛ
،دﺮﻛ اﺪﻴﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ
ﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ زا ﺖ
50 ﻪﺑ 150 مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ
نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ رد نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ 180
زا ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 90 ﻪﺑ 45 ﺪﺻرد ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ )
ﻞﻜﺷ 3 .(
ﺮﺑ بذﺎﺟ زود و تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ و هﺪﻧﺎﻤﻴﻗﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ زود ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ناﺰﻴﻣ بذﺎﺟ
رد ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ لوﺪﺟ 1 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا .
0 10 20 30 40 50
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
فﺬﺣﻲﻳارﺎﻛ(%)
نﺎﻣز ) ﻪﻘﻴﻗد (
pH=3 pH=5 pH=7 pH=9
0 20 40 60 80
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
فﺬﺣﻲﻳارﺎﻛ(%)
نﺎﻣز ) ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ( dose= 0.4 gr dose= 0.6 gr
٣ ﻞﻜﺷ
: ﺛا ﺮ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد
فﺬﺣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ) بذﺎﺟ زود
g/l
و۴
=٣
(pH
لوﺪﺟ 1 : ﺛﺎﺗ ﻴ ﺮ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻟوا ﻴ ﻪ ﻧﻴ تاﺮﺘ و زود بذﺎﺟ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻗﺎﺑ ﻴ هﺪﻧﺎﻤ و ﻓﺮﻇ ﻴ ﺖ بﺬﺟ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ز ﻳ نﻮﺘ ) pH=3 نﺎﻣز و ﻪﻘﻴﻗد١٨٠
(
ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
Co=50 Co=100
Co=150
زود )بذﺎﺟ gr/100cc qe(mg/g) (
Ce(mg/l) qe(mg/g)
Ce(mg/l) qe(mg/g)
Ce(mg/l)
4 / 0
6 / 0
8 / 0 75
/ 16
59 / 9
28 / 6 31
/ 8
74 / 6
46 / 5 1
/ 54
75 / 38
61 / 26 47
/ 11
21 / 10
17 / 9 8
/ 92
47 / 77
5 / 59 3
/ 14
08 / 12
13 / 11
يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ و ﺚﺤﺑ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻫ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ،pH
. ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار رد
pH=3 ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
نآ فﺬﺣ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ
يﺎﻫ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ياﺮﺑ 50
، 100 و 150 رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
نﺎﻣز تﺪﻣ 60
ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 80
، 50 و 35 ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺪﺻرد .
ﻪﻛ
مﺎﺠﻧا تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳا هﺪﺷ
ﻂﺳﻮﺗ Demiral رد شرﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
لﺎﺳ 2010 ﺑ ﺮﻜﺸﻴﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﻔﺗ زا هﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪ
ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ،دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻴﻛﺮﺗ رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد آ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳارﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﻬﻧ رد فﺬﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ و ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛpH pH=3
) 2 / 41 (%
ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻣآ ) 16 Bhatnagar .(
لﺎﺳ رد نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و زا نﺎﻤﻟآ رد ٢٠١٠
ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا بآ زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺎﻨﻴﻣﻮﻟآ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ .
ﻦﻳا ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
رد تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ يﺎﻫpH
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 30 60 90 120 150 180
فﺬﺣﻲﻳارﺎﻛ(%) نﺎﻣز)ﻪﻘﻴﻗد(
Co= 50 (mg/l) Co= 100 (mg/l) Co= 150 (mg/l)
ﺑ ،ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺮﺗﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﮔ ﻪ
ﻮ ا ﻪﻧ ي ﻪﻨﻣاد رد ار فﺬﺣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ 3pH
ﺎﺗ 12 رد 4 / pH=4 ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد ) 31 .(
نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﻦﻳﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
رد فﺬﺣ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ 8 / 0 رد مﺮﮔ 100 ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
زا بذﺎﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ،دﺎﺘﻓا قﺎﻔﺗا 4
/ 0 ﻪﺑ 8 / 0 رد مﺮﮔ
100 ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ
30
% ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا )
ﻞﻜﺷ 2 .(
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ Cengeloglu
لﺎﺳ رد ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و 2006
ﻪﻛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ،ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ خﺮﺳ ﻞﮔ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ
ﺰﻓا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﺪﺻرد ناﺰﻴﻣ بذﺎﺟ زود ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد ﺶﻳا
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ . ﻦﻳا ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ بذﺎﺟ زود ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
qe) ( ددﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ) 32 .(
يوﺎﺣ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ بذﺎﺟ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
اﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ،تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ت
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ زا سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
15 ﻪﺑ 60 ﻴﻗد ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﻘ
فﺬﺣ 10 % ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا .
و درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ نآ ﻞﻴﻟد
ﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ بذﺎﺟ ﺎﺑ هﺪﻨﻳﻻآ سﺎﻤﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮ
. ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
Bhatnagarيﺎﻫ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
دراد ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ
، ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ
ﺎﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ نﺎﻣز ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ فﺬﺣ ﻲﻳار
ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا سﺎﻤﺗ )
31 .(
ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻧ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار تاﺮﺘﻴ
ﺑ ،ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻲﻣ زا تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄ 50
ﻪﺑ 150 مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ
تﺪﻣ رد فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺮﺘﻴﻟ رد 60
ًادوﺪﺣ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 50
% ﺶﻫﺎﻛ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاد )
ﻞﻜﺷ 4 ( ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻪﻛ ، و Xing
ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﻛ
2011 ﺮﺑ تاﺮﺘﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﭼ رد
ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ ﻦﻴﻣآ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺨﻴﻣآ مﺪﻨﮔ هﺎﻛ يور
دراد ) 33 .(
يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ :
و نﺎﻣرﻮﺸﻛ رد نﻮﺘﻳز لﻮﺼﺤﻣ دﺎﻳز ﺖﺸﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﭘ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ،ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ندﻮﺑ هدﺎﺳ ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ،نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺖﻓﺎﻳزﺎﺑ و ﻦﻴﻳﺎ
ﺖﺳا ﺖﻴﻤﻫا ﺰﺋﺎﺣ و بﻮﻠﻄﻣ نﻮﺘﻳز ﻪﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ
تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﻟﺎﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻲﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻪﻣﺎﻧ نﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد دﺰﻳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻮﻨﻳﺪﺑ ﻪﻛ .
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Performance of Olive pit Ash's In Nitrate Removal from the Aqueous Solutions
Ghaneian MT(Ph.D)1, Ehrampoush MH (Ph.D)2, Safdari M (M.Sc)3, Emamjomeh MM(Ph.D)4, Askarishahi M (Ph.D)5
1.Associate professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences-Yazd, Iran.
2.professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences-Yazd, Iran.
3.Corresponding Author: M.Sc Student in Environmental Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences-Yazd, Iran.
4.Assistant professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences-Yazd, Iran.
5. Assistant professor, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences-Yazd, Iran.
Abstract
introduction: Nitrate ion in drinking water has been found to have a significant effect against health human. Nitrate is an acute toxic; it can be reduced to nitrite in the stomach when it can lead to have blue baby diseases in infants. This research is directed towards to elucidate the nitrate removal efficiency by kernel ashes of olive in water supply.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted in a batch laboratory scale. The batch flow experiments for nitrate removal were undertaken to investigate the effects of the different parameters such as: initial concentrations of nitrate solution (50, 100, 150 mg/l), initial pH (3,5,7,9), detention time (15,30,60,120,180 min), and weight of adsorbent( .04, .06. .08 gr). Nitrate concentrations were measured by standard method using a spectrophotometer at two wavelengths 220 and 275 nm.
Results: The Results obtained showed that the removal efficiency increases when the time and adsorbent dose is increased. By decreasing of pH value and the initial concentration of nitrate, the removal efficiency would be increased significantly.
Investigation of the effect of nitrate initial concentration showed that increasing initial concentration of nitrate from 50 to 150 mg/l and without changing absorbent dose would lead to decrease in the absorption efficiency from 88% to 48% but the absorption capacity (qe) increased from 8.31 to 14.3. Moreover the maximum absorption took Place at 60 min of the first reaction.
Conclusion: Nitrate removal by olive kernel ashes are considered as effective and appropriate method compared with other absorbents and the process is more efficient at acidic pH.
Keywords: Olive pit ash, Adsorption, Nitrate removal, Drinking water
