JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE
EducaEional Sci., 2014, Vol. 59, No. 6A, pp. 115-126 This paper is available online aE http://stdb.hnue.edu.vn
THUC TRANG NANG LUC NGHIEP VU SU PHAM CUA GIANG VIEN DAI HOC SU PHAM
Le ]VIy Dung
Vien Nghien cifu Suphgm, Trudng Dai hoc Suphgm Hd Npi Tom tat. Bai bao de cap den thUc trang nang lUc nghiep vu sU pham cua giang vien dai hoc su pham dUdc the hien d 10 khia canh gdm: "Phan tich, cau tnic Iai npi dung ChUdng Erinh mdn hgc/hgc phin", "Lap ke hoach day hpc", "To chflc, quan Ii day hgc", "Si dung phuong phap, hinh thflc td chflc day hgc", "Kiem tta, danh gia", "Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien", "Hudng din Ehifc hanh, EhUc Eap sU pham", "Kiem soaE, dilu chinh cam xuc", "Tim hieu sinh vien, thara vin/til van cho sinh vien", "Giao tilp su pham". Tren cd sd do nhdm nghien cflu dl xual mot sd kiln nghi vg giai phap nSng cao nang lUc nghiep vu sU pham cho giang vien nham gop phin nang cao chil lUdng dao tao cfla cac trUdng dai hgc sil pham.
Tif khda: Nang lUc, nang lUc nghi nghiep, nang lUc nghiep vu sU pham.
1, Moi dan
Cac trUdng dai hgc sU pham Erong ca nudc hien nay dang dflng trudc ddi hdi phai ddi radi vl nhieu mat nham nang cao chit Ifldng dao tao dap flng yeu ciu phat trien giao due phd thong trong boi canh mdi, Vai trd quyeE dinh cua giao vien ddi vdi chit Ifldng giao due Erong nha trUdng tfl lau da dUdc khang dinh, Efl day chd Ehay van dl cd Eim quan trgng hang diu cua giang vien sfl pham trong viec nang cao chit lUdng giao dye, TrUdng dai hgc sfl pham la ndi dao tao cd uy tin, cung cap dgi ngfl giao vien cho ca nUdc, gdp phin to ldn vao phat trien sfl nghiep giao due chung ciia nfldc ta [3]. Vai trd cua dao Eao giao vien ddi vdi muc Eieu hinh Ehanh nhan each con ngudi radi dap flng yeu ciu cua xa hpi hien dai la qua rd rang. Tuy nhien, Erong tinh hinh mdi, nhflng gi da cd la chua du dap flng yeu cau cua xa hdi ve chat lUdng giao dye va chua dap flng dUdc cac yeu ciu phat trien giao dye pho thong trong giai doan radi,
Vi thi, danh gia EhUc trang nang lUc nghe nghiep ciia giang vien dai hoc sU pham trong dao tao theo he thong tin chi hien nay va dl xuit rapt he thdng giai phap loan dien.
Tac gia hen lac. Le My Dung, dia chi e-mail: dungtamly®yahoo com
kha thi, nhara nang cao cac nang lUc tren d giang vien, qua do giflp hp phat trien nang lUc nghe nghiep ndi chung, dap flng yeu cau dao tao giao vien trong giai doan mdi la mgt nhiem vu cip bach va can thilt. Bai vilt nay de cap din thflc trang nang lflc nghiep vu sU phara cua giang vien dai hpc sfl pham la mdt trong nhflng nang lflc nghi nghiep cua giang vien va de xuat mgt sd bien phap phat trien nang lUc nghiep vu sU phara cho giang vien dai hpc sii pham,
2. Noi dung nghien CIJ'U
2.1. Cd soi ll luan ve nang lufc nghiep vu stf pham cua giang vien dai hoc sU pham
* Khdi niem ndng hic vd ndng lUc nghi nghiep
v l quan niem, cd the lieE ke ra rat nhieu dinh nghia/cach hieu ve nang lflc. Nang luc la "Kha nang van dung nhflng kien thflc, kinh nghiera, ki nang, thai dp va hflng thu de hanh dgng mdt each phu hdp va cd hieu qua trdng cac tinh hudng phong phu cua cudc sdng"; "Tap hdp cac boat dpng dUa tren sU huy dpng va sijf dung cd hieu qua kiln thflc tfl nhieu ngudn kien thflc, ki nang khac nhau de giai quyet vin de, hoac cd each flng xfl phu hdp vdi bdi canh phflc tap cua cudc song" [1, 2], Tdra lai, qua nhiing each hieu Eren day ve nang lUc, cd the rflt ra rapt sd diera chung sau day:
- Nang luc khdng phai la radt thugc tinh tara II xuit sac ma la Eo hdp c3c Ehudc Ei'nh ddc dao cua ca nhan,
- Ndi din nang lUc la dl cap tdi xu Che cd Che daC dfldc mpE ket qua nao do cua mpt cong viec nao dd do mpt con ngfldi cy Ehe thflc hien,
- Ndi den nang lUc la ndi den sfl Eac dong (quan he) cua mdt ca nhan cu the tdi mdt ddi tfldng cu the (kien thflc, quan he xa hgi, ddi tUpng lao dgng,...) de cd rapt san pham nhaE dinh,
- Nang luc la ylu Eo Eo thanh trong raot hoat dpng cy Ehe chfl khdng chi la sfl tUdng flng hay sfl phu hdp giUa rapt ben la yeu ciu cua boat dgng va mpt ben la td hdp nhiing thudc tt'nh Earn II ca nhan.
- Nang luc vdi EU each la dilu kien thuc hien thanh cong mdt hoat ddng khdng the bi quy vl kiln Ehflc, kl nang, kT xao, ma nd giai thich sU dl dang va nhanh chdng trong viec linh hdi cac kien thflc, ki nang, ki xao.
- Khdng phai cac nang lUc rieng le xac dinh kll qua thUc hien hoat dgng, raa la sfl ket hdp rieng cua chung, dac thfl ddi vdi mdE ca nhan cu the.
- Nang lUc cd nhieu mflc do khac nhau.
Nhflng nang luc dam bao thanh cdng cho hoat ddng nghi nghiep dupc ggi la nhflng nang lUc nghe nghiep. Va nhfl vay, cd the ndi ring, khdng cd radt khai niera "nang lflc nghe nghiep" chung chung, tflc la, cd bao nhieu loai hinh nghe nghiep thi cd biy nhieu loai nang luc nghe nghiep.
116
Thufc Irang ndng hlc nghiip vu sUphgm cua gidng viin dgi hoc supham
* Khdi niim ndng hic nghiep vu suphgm cua gidng vien dai hoc supham Nang !Uc nghiep vu sU pham cua giang vien dai hgc sU phara la sfl vSn dyng tdng hdp, cd he thdng cac pham chat, kien thflc, ki nang sU pham nham td chflc thUc hien cd hieu qua boat ddng day hgc va giao due nghi nghiep Erong ErUdng dai bgc sU phara theo dung yeu ciu, chflc nang, nhiera vy cua ngUdi giang vien,
Xuat phat tfl cd sd II iuan ve "Nang lUc", "Nang lflc nghe nghiep", "Nang lflc nghiip vy su phara"; xuit phat tfl chflc nang, nhiem vu, tinh dac thu trong cdng viec cua giang vien dai hgc sfl phara; xuat phat tfl yeu cau hien nay doi vdi giao vien pho thdng the hien trong chui'n nghi nghiep va dinh hfldng chUdng ttinh phd thdng sau 2015; ddng thdi ke thfla nhflng ket qua nghien cflu thUc tien tren giang vien dai hpc sU phara d trong nUdc va nudc ngoai ve van de nay, chflng tdi da de xuat radt sd ndi dung cd ban ddi vdi nang lUc nghiep vu sfl phara cua giang vien dai hoc sfl phara gdm 10 mat bieu hien, cy the la:
"Phan tich, ciu true lai ngi dung chfldng trinh radn hgc/hpc phin", "Lap kl hoach day hgc", "To chflc, quan II day hgc", "Sfl dyng phUdng phap, hinh thflc td chflc day hpc",
"Kiera tra, danh gia", "Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien", "HUdng din thUc hanh, thflc Eap su phara", "Kiera soat, dieu chinh cara xflc", "Tim hieu sinh vien, Chara vin/tu van cho sinh vien", "Giao tiep sU phara". Cac mat bieu hien dUdc dUa vao de xay dUng mdE Chang do danh cho giang vien dai hgc sU phara vdi 5 raflc dp danh gia khac nhau, Cfl raflc
"Thap" nhaE ("Chfla Iam dupc") din mflc "Cao" nhit ("Lam tdt/thanh thao"), vdi diem quy fldc ve mat dinh liidng tfldng flng vdi 1 diera va 5 diera, Cac raflc khac nam d khoang gifla cac mflc nay vdi diem tfldng flng la 2, 3, 4 diera. KeE qua bUdc diu dUdc danh gia dUa tren diem trung binh daE dfldc d radi bieu hien tren loan bg mau khach the. Qua dd cd the cung cip bflc tranh sd bg ve radt sd khia canh trong nang lUc nghiep vu sfl pham cua giang vien dai hgc sfl phara hien nay.
2.2. ThUc trang nang Itfc nghiep vu stf pham cua giang vien dai hoc stf pham
Chflng tdi tien hanh nghien cflu nang lflc nghiep vu sfl pham tren 416 giang vien (Erong dp Eudi chii ylu Efl 30 din 50) dang giang day va 600 sinh vien dang hpc tap tai cac khoa Toan, Vat II, Hda hoc, Ngfl van, Lich sfl, Tam II - Giao due cua cac ErUdng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ndi, Thai Nguyen, Da Ning, Tp. Hd Chi Minh, Khoa Sii phara - Dai hpc T^y Bac, Khoa Sfl pham - Dai hpc Cin Thd vdi cac phUdng phap dieu tra (sfl dung Ehang tu danh gia va bang hdi), phUdng phap phdng vin sau va phUdng phap dam thoai [4],
Dfldi day la ket qua nghien cflu cua giang vien ve nang lUc nghiep vy sU pham (NVSP) va vl nhflng bieu hien cy the tflng mat cfla nang lflc nay
- Cac mat chu yeu cua nang lUc NVSP dUdc giang vien EU danh gia deu nam d mflc tfl "Trung binh" den "Kha" (tfl 3,10 d - "Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien" den 4,16 d
"Giao tilp sfl pham"), Erung do, da sd cd diem d mflc "Trung binh". Cac mat dfldc giang 117
vien tli danh gia cao nhk la "Giao tiep sK pliam" (4,16 d); "Ttf cliiJc, quan li day hoc"
(4,06 d), trong khi dd, dtldc danh gia thap nhat la "0140 due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien"
(3,10 d); "Hudng din thilc hanh, thilc tap s\S pham" (3,24 d); "Tim hieu, tn van cho sinh vien" (3,40 d).
- Co sil phan hda kha cao d phSn ldn ket qua til danh gia nang lilc NVSP ciia giang vien (do lech chuan dao dgng til 0,6 d dSn 0,98 d), chiJng to con co nhOng giang vien HI danh gia thSp hdn nhigu so vdi miic diem trung binh ciia toan mSu nghien cilu. Ket qua thu dUdc cung cho thiy khuynh hildng phan hda the hien ro hdn d cac mat cd diem s6 dat miic "Trung binh" (vi du, "Giao due nghg nghiep cho sinh vien" - 0,98; "Hildng dSn thilc hanh, thilc tap su pham" - 0,92) (Bang 1).
Bdng 1. Tu ddnh gid ciia gidng vien ve ndng lUc nghiep vu sUpham (N = 416)
Stt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cac mat bieu hien chii yeu Phan tich, cau triic lai noi dung childng trinh mdn hoc/hoc phan
Lap kg hoach day hoc To chile, quan li day hoc
Sif dung phudng phap, hinh thiic to chiic day hoc Kiem tra, danh gia
Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien Hildng dSn thilc hanh, thuc tap sil pham Kiem soat, dieu chinh cam xiic Tim hieu, tu van cho sinh vien Giao tiep su pham
DiemTB cpng
3,75 3,90 4,06 3,66 3,55 3,10 3,24 3,77 3,40 4,16
Do lech chuan
0,687 0,698 0,605 0.740 0,737 0,985 0,928 0,743 0,840 0,779 (Diem trung binh thdp nlidt Id 1, cao nhdt Id 5) Xem xet sd heu the hien d cac bieu hien cy the trong cac mat ciia nang Iflc NVSP Ehay rd hdn sU phan hda nay.
O khia canh "Phan ti'ch, ciu triic lai ndi dung, chUdng trinh radn hpc/hpc phin", giang vian su phara cd nang lUc "phat trien chfldng trinh mdn hpc" va "bien soan chfldng trinh radn hgc" tot hdn so vdi "bien soan bai giang, giao trinh, hpc lieu radn hpc".
- Giang vien "thara gia bien soan chfldng trinh khung, chfldng trinh chi tilt" va
"thiet ke/de xuat each thflc danh gia hpc phin/mdn hpc theo dinh hfldng kiera soat diu ra"
kha tdt (4,04dva 4,03 d).
- Tuy nhien, viec "bien soan tai lieu phuc vu hoat ddng day va hpc", "giao trinh/bai giang/hpc lieu dfldc bien soan phu hdp vdi trinh dp kiln thu'c va hieu bill cua sinh vien"
cdn chfla tdt (2,84 d va 3,I2d) (Bang 2)
Thuc trgng ndng life nghiip vu sUphgm cua gidng viin dgi hgc sU pham
Bang 2. Ket qud tli ddnh gid cua gidng viin vi mat "Phan chuang trinh mon hpc/hpc phan" (N
tich, cdu tnic lgi npi dung,
==416) stt
I 1 2 3 4 5
6 II 7 8 9 10 11
m
12 13 14 15
Phan tfch, cau triic lai noi dung, chifdng trinh mon hoc/hoc phan Phdt trie'n chUOng trinh mon hpc
Tham gia bien soan chUdng trinh khung, childng trinh chi tilt
Xiic dinh diy dii, ro rang miic do kien thilc, ki nang, thai do sinh vien can dat dUdc sau khi hoc xong hoe phan/mdn hoc hudng tdi chuan dau ra Bien soan chudng trinh hpc phSn/mon hoc phii hdp vdi khung chudng trinh
Cap nhat, cai tiln childng trinh mdn hpc/hpc phSn Xac dinh day dii, ro rang mile dp ki nang sinh vien can dat dildc cho bai thue hanh hoac thi nghiem thupc hpc phan
Bien soan ndi dung chUdng trinh mdn hoc/hpc phan phil hdp vdi trinh 66 sinh vien, giin vdi chudng trinh va thilc tien giao due pho thdng Bien soan de cUOng hgc phdn/nwn hpc Vilt muc tieu hpc phan/mdn hoc hildng tdi chuan dau ra ciia chUdng trinh dao tao
Phan tich, lUa chpn va can triic lai ndi dung hpe phan/mon hoc hildng tdi ehuan dSu ra cOa chiidng trinh dao tao
Thilt ke/d§ xuat chuan kien thiic, ki nang, thai do ciia hoc phcWmdn hoe
Thiet ke/dl xuSt ciich thlie danh gia hpc phin/mon hpc theo dinh hudng kiem soat dlu ra Hildng dan sinh vien tim kilm, Ida ehpn tai lieu, til lieu tham khao eho hoe phan/mdn hpe Bien soan hdi gidng, gido trinh, hpc lieu mon hpc Van dung diide cae li thuyet su pham vao viec bien soan bai giang/giao trinh/hpc lieu phii hdp mdn hpc Bien soan giao trinh theo hudng tiep can Hi hpc, tU nghien ciiu
Silu tam hpe lieu phuc vu hoat dpng day va hpc Bien soan tai lieu phuc vu hoat dpng day va hoc
Biem TB cong 3,82 4,04 3,73 3,78 3,97 3,83
3,62 3,74 3,65 3,58 3,46 4,03 3,98 3,69 3,56 3,93 3,80 2,84
Dp lech chuan 0,76 0.89 1,06 0,96 0,93 1,01
1,14 0,77 1,09 1,00 0,96 0,93 0,94 0,72 1,08 0,96 1,08 1,18
16 17
18
Dich thuat hoac bien dich tiii lieu phuc vu hoat dong day va hoc
Giao trinh/bai giang/hpc lieu mdn hoc dildc cap nhat, bd sung dinh ki phii hdp vdi thue tiln phi) thdng
Giao trinh/bai giang/hpc lieu dupe bien soan phii hdp vdi trinh dp kiln thUe va hieu bilt cOa sinh vien
3,80 3,81
3,12 0,97 0,94
0,92 (Didm trung hinh thdp nhdt Id 1, eao nhiit Id 5) Nhin chung, giang vien sU phara "lap kl hoach bai hpc" kha Eot. Cac giang vien da
"van dung dUpc cac h Ehuylt su pham vao viec lap kl hoach bai hoc", "lap ke hoach bai hpc cd dfla vao qua trinh hgc tap trfldc do va nhflng danh gia vl trinh do nhan thflc cua sinh vien". "lUa chpn phfldng tiln, thilt bi day hpc phu hdp vdi bai hoc", "cung cip, gidi thieu diy du dl cfldng mdn hgc/ hpc phin" cho sinh vign.
Vl td chflc, quan II day hgc, giang viSn sfl pham da "hfldng dan sinh vien dat cau hdi va tu tra ldi cau hdi", "nhiet tinh. quan tam tdi sinh vien", "quan tara den nhflng sinh vien cd "khd khan" trong Idp hgc", "theo ddi tien bd cua sinh vien, hd trd khi sinh vien gap khd khan trong hpc tap" va "lang nghe sinh vien vdi sfl tdn trong". Nhflng nang lflc "tao mdi trfldng hgc thuat tUdng tac tich cUc, khuyen khich sinh vien phat trien tU duy phan bien", "Phan hdi cho sinh vien va tiep nhan y kien phan hdi tfl sinh vien" va "Khuyen khich nhflng suy nghi neng, sang tao d sinh vien" d mflc Erung binh kha va cd sfl phan hda ldn vl nang lflc nay d giang vien sfl pham (dp lech chuan dao dpng tfl 0,9 d den L02 d)
6 khia canh "Sii dung phfldng phap day hgc. hinh thflc to chflc day hpc", giang vien sfl phara cd nang Iflc "Sfl dung phUdng phap, hinh thflc td chflc day hgc" Eot hdn so vdi
"Lua chgn, sfl dung TBDH va flng dung CNTT" (3,81 d so vdi 3,51 d). Giang vien thudng
"da dang hda phUdng phap day hgc phii hdp vdi myc Eieu, ndi dung bai hgc va nhu ciu cua sinh vien", "gidi thieu cac ngudn tai lieu, ap dung cac phUdng phap giang day khac nhau khi sfl dyng tai lieu".
Ve raat "Danh gia trong day hgc", viec "LUa chpn phUdng phap kiera tra, danh gia da dang, phu hdp ngi dung hpc tap"; "Cung cip thdng tm phan hdi trUdc va trong sudt qua Erinh thuc hien boat ddng danh gia" (3,98 d va 3,91 d) dUpc giang vien sU pham tU danh gia d raflc kha; Tuy nhien, viec "Phan hdi, quan II, Eheo doi sfl tiln bd Erong hpc Eap va ren luyen nghe nghiep cua sinh vien"(2,76 d). "Bien soan cau hdi, dl kiera tra, de thi hfldng vao danh gia nang lflc thUc hien cfla sinh vien" (3,05 d) chi dat d raflc trung binh.
O raang "Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vi6n". Cac kit qua gdi y nhilu vin de trong viec quan tara hdn nfla den viec phat trien chUdng trinh dao tao nghiep vu sU pham cho sinh vien cung nhu phat trien ke hoach bdi dUdng/tU bdi dUdng cho giang vien d khia canh nay. Viec "Lap ke hoach va to chflc cac boat ddng ngoai khda, thara quan hpc tap 120
Thuc trang ndng life nghiip vu suphgm cua gtclng viin dai hoc sil pham cho sinh viSn" (2,76 d), "Xac dinh dupc cac gia Eri cdt ldi cfla nghe sU pham can phai giao due cho sinh vien"(3,00 d), "Tich hdp giao due gia tn nghe sU phara cho sinh vien vao cac npi dung bai giang" (3,06 d) d giang vien sU pham thuc hien cdn chua tdt (Bang 3)
Bang 3. Ket qua tu ddnh gid ciia giang viin ve mat
"Gido due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien" (N = 416) stt
1
1 2 3 II 4
5
6
Giao due nghe nghiep cho sinh vien To chiic cdc hoat dpng ngoai khda, tham quan hpctap
Lap kl hoach cho cac hoat dpng ngoai khda, tham quan hpc tap
To ehKc ciic boat ddng ngoai khda va tham quan hpe tap cho sinh vien
To chdc tong kit riit kinh nghiem sau mdi hoat ddng ngoai khda, tham quan hpc tap ciia sinh vien Gido due gid tri nghe day hoc cho sinh vien Kic dinh du'dc cac giii tri cdt Idi ctia nghe sd pham can phai giao due cho sinh vien
Td chdc cac hoat dpng diio tao cd tich hdp giao due gia tri nghi sU pham cho sinh vien (nhd: tim hieu thue tiln giao due pho thdng; mdi giao vien phd' thdng cd kinh nghiim ndi chuyen vdi sinh viln...) Tich hpp giao due gia tri nghi su pham cho sinh vien vao cae noi dung bai giang
Diem TB cong 3,06 2,76 2,83 3,60 3,14 3,00
3,36
3,06
Dp lech chuan
1,07 1,31 1,29 1,23 1,06 1,26
1.15
1.39 (Diem trung binh thdp nhdt Id 1, cao nhdt Id 5) 6 raat "Hudng din EhUc hanh sfl phara, thUc tap sU phara", giang vien sU phara tU danh gia cdn khd khan Erong viec "TU van, hudng dan sinh vien each Ehflc xfl 11 cac tinb hudng sfl phara" (2,74 d), dac bieE la cdng tac "phdi hdp vdi trfldng pho thdng Erong chi dao, giam saE va danh gia thflc tap sfl pham" (2,83 d), dieu nay the hien d viec tham gia danh gia kit qua thUc tap sU pham cfla sinh vien, xay dUng tieu chi danh gia gid day Eren ldp cua sinh vien (Bang 4).
Giang vien dai hgc sU phara cd kha nang "nhan dang dUdc cac cam xflc cua ban than va nguyen nhan gay ra cac cam xuc do" kha EoE (4,06 d). nhung kha nang "Ehich flng, tu dieu chinh cam xflc va hanh vi flng xfl cua ban than phfl hdp hoan canh" va "lara chu dfldc cam xuc va hanh vi cua ban than trong cac tinh hudng cang thang" lai d mflc thap hdn (3,53 dva 3,66 d) (Bang 5).
Bdng 4. Kit qua tU ddnh gid ciia gidng viin ve mat
"Hudng ddn thiic hdnh sUphgm, thiic tap suphgm" (N = 416)
stt I 1 2 3 4 II 1 2 3 4 5
6
7 III
8 9 10
Hudng dSn thufc hanh sii pham, thuc tap sU pham Ldp kS hoach, hudng ddn, tU vdn sinh vien trong hoat dong tliUc hdnh sUpham
Lap kl hoach hudng dan sinh vien thtfc hanh su pham
Hudng din smh vien thife hanh su pham tai trUdng Hd trp sinh vien ren luyen phat trien ki nang sU pham Tu vSn. hudng din sinh vien ciich thdc xil ly cae tinh hudng sd pham
Phoihdp vdi tnfdng phd' thong trong chi dew, gidm sdt vd ddnh gid thUc tap supham
Lien he vdi trUdng pho thdng ve kl hoach thUc tap cua sinh vien
Tnen khai quy chl thue tap sif pham din giao vien pho thong
Tham gia diinh gia ket qua thuc tap sU pham cua sinh vien
Phoi hdp vdi Ban chi dao thilc tap sU pham giiim siit thuc tap su phara ciia sinh vien
Tham gia xay dung tilu chi danli giii gid day tren ldp ciia sinh vien
Phoi hdp vdl trudng phd thdng td chdc rut kinh nghiem, cai tien, nang cao hieu qua ciia childng trinh thdc tap sU phara.
Tich hdp cae boat dpng ren luyen va phat trien ki nUng mem cho sinh vien khi thilc hanh sil pham, thdc tap sd phara
Tham vdn, tu vdn
Tu van cho sinh vien dang kf cac mon hoc tap trong tifng hpe ki phd hdp vdi dilu kien cda ban than Tu van cho sinh vien ve ciic van de cupc song, nghe nghiep tddng lai
Chi dan, kit ndi d l sinh vien tim dddc eac dia clii tham van, td van dang tin cay
DiemTB cong
3,34 3,35 3,67 3,63 2,74 2,83 2,70 2,99 2,72 2,82 2,68
2,81
3,13 3,55 3.48 3,37 3,83
Dp lech chuan
1,07 1,35 1,11 1,14 1,56 1,30 1,51 1.58 1,50 1,51 1,50 1,45
1,32 0,88 1.13 1,17 0,95 (Diem trung binh thdp nhat Id 1, cao nhdt Id 5)
Thuc trgng ndng hlc nghiip > i sUphgm cua gidng viin dai hoc sUphgi
i jng 5. Kit qud tti ddnh gid cua gia ig vien vi mat "Kiem che/Diiu chinh cdm xiic "
(A' = 416) stt
1 2 3 4 5
Kiem che/Dieu chinh cam xiic Nhan dang dUdc cae cam xiic ciia ban than va nguyen nhan gay ra cae cam xuc dd
Lam chu dddc cam xuc va hanh vi ciia ban than trong cac tinh huong cang thang
Biet dupc khi nao sinh vien lo au, cd ndi buon hoac khong hieu bai,...
Nhan ra va khuyin khich sinh vien tif nhiing tien bp nhd nh4t
Thich dng, tU dieu chinh cam xiic va hanh vi dng xd ciia ban than phii hdp hoan eanh
Diem TB cpng 4,06 3,66 3,76 3,88 3,53
Do lech chuan
0,88 0,96 0,90 0,96 0,99 (Diem trung binh thap nhdt Id 1, eao nhdt Id 5)
Bdng 6. Kit qud tti ddnh gid ciia gidng vien vi mat "Tim hieu/Hieu s (N = 416)
Stt 1 2
3 4 5 6
Tim hieu/Hieu sinh vien Hieu dupc mdi sinh vien cd nhflng each hpc khac nhau de giiip hp tira dfldc each hgc hieu qua Sfl dung danh myc kiem tra cac ndi dung mdn hoc de quan sat, ghi chep bil'u hien banh vi, sfl Eien bd cua tflng sinh vien
Hieu dfldc cac yeu to khac nhau gay can trd sinh vien dat dfldc kit qua hgc tap, ren luyen nghe nghiep
To chflc tim hieu nguyen vong, kha nang cua sinh vien de hd Erd, tU van cho hg
BaE diu khda hgc/radn hoc bang viec tim hieu ve sinh vien (nhu cau, nguyen vgng, trinh dp,.,,) Hieu dUdc hflng thfl, thien hfldng phat trien cua sinh vien de chgn lUa each thflc thich hpp khich le va thflc day ho
Diem TB cong 3,26 3,35
3,15 3,28 3,36 4,01
Do lech chuan
1,12 1,09
1,16 1,06 1,09 1,11 (Diem trung hinh thdp nhdt Id I, eao nhdi Id 5) Ve nang lUc "Tim hieu/Hieu sinh vien", giang vien dai hoc sU pham "hieu dupc hflng thu, thien hudng phat trien cua sinh vien de chpn lua each thflc thich hdp nham
khich le va thuc day hg" (4,01 d). nhung kha nang "hieu dUdc cac ylu td khac nhau gay can Erd sinh vien dat dfldc kit qua hgc tap. ren luyen nghi nghiep" dat d mflc thip hdn (3.15 d) (Bang 6).
Giang vien dai hgc sfl phara cd nang lUc giao Eilp sU pham dat d mflc tot nhat, the hien d kha nang trinh bay bai giang ro rang, nhip do Ehich hdp, truyin cam, nhiet tinh;
Nhay cam, dilu phdi hnh boat cac hoat dgng thao luan trong gid hgc; Sfl dyng "ngdn ngfl cd the" (anh mat, ny cUdi, dieu bg,- -) khi giang bai/trao ddi vl hgc tap vdi sinh vien kha tdt; Khuyin khich biu khong khi thoai raai, thao luan dan chu trong gid hgc va trong cac boat dong nbdm (Bang 7),
Bdng 7. Kit qua tii ddnh gid ciia gidng viin vi mat "Giao tiep sii pham" (N = 416) stt
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Giao tiep su pham
Tao dilu kien de sinh vien ddpc phat bieu chinh kien ciia minh IrUdcldp
Nhay cam, dieu phdi linh hoat cae hoat dpng thao iuan trong gid hoc
Khuyen khich ban khdng khi thoai mai, thao luan dan chll trong gid hoc va trong cac hoat dpng nhdm Trinh bay bai giang ro rang, nhip dp thich hpp, truyin cam, nhiet tinh
Bieu 16 tac phong thoai mai, hiii hudc trUdc sinh vien
Sii dung "ngdn ngd cd the" (anh mat, nu cddi, dieu bp,...) khi giang bai/trao ddi ve hpe tap vdi sinh vien
Trd chuyen vdi sinh vien trUdc, sau va d ben ngoai ldp hpc
Diem TB cpng 4,13 4,24 4,15 4,22 4,06 4,18 4,14
Dp lech chuan
0,91 0,91 0,94 0,87 0,99 0,93 0,92 (Diein trung binh thdp nhdt id I. cao nhdt id 5) Cd sU tUdng quan thuan chat gifla y kiln cua giang vien va sinh vien ve nhflng viec giang vien dai hpc sfl pham da lam de giup nang cao chit Ifldng hpc tap cho sinh vien vdi r = 0,81 va p = 0,00. Nhflng viec giang vien da lam thfldng xuyen va Eot nhat la: "Gidi thieu cho sinh vien vl ngudn tai lieu hgc tap cua mdn day (giao Erinh, bai giang, tai lieu dpc them...)" (4,59 d va 4,76 d); Xay dUng radi trUdng boc tap tfldng tac, than thien; "Tao dilu kien sinh vien chu dpng, tich cUc tham gia bai hgc" (4,47 d va 4,38 d) va "Sfl dung CNTT trong day boc" (4,29 d va 4,52 d)
Tdra lai, trUdc yeu ciu phat trien giao due hien nay va trong giai doan tdi, cd le ban than cac giang vien cung da nhan thflc dUdc dieu nay va cam thiy minh cdn phai tiep Euc ren luyen de hoan thien nang lUc nghi nghiep de cung cip cho xa hgi ngudn giao vien chat 124
ThUc irgng ndng hlc nghiip vu .nfpham cua giiing viin dai hoc sU phcini lUdng cad Nhflng kit qua Ehu dfldc budc dau cung cap them cho nha trudng mdt ngudn dfl lieu tham khao ve thUc tl ciia nang lUc nghiep vu sU pham d giang vien dai hgc sU phara. Tfl dd Iam cd sd dinh hudng ve mdt ke hoach phaE trien nhflng diem manh, khac phuc nhflng diera bit cap cho giang vien, nham dap flng yeu ciu dao tao giao vien chit lupng cao nhu myc tieu hUdng den cua trUdng dai hoc sU pham
3. Ket Iuan
Qua nghien cflu khao sat thflc trang nang lUc nghiep vy sU pham cua giang vien dai hgc sU pham, ket qua Ehu dupc cho thiy:
- Giang vien dai hgc sfl phara cd nang lUc "Giao ticp sU pham" d mflc tdt nhat, Eilp din la "To chflc, quan II day hpc". Nhflng nang lflc dupc danh gia thip nhit la "Giao due nghi nghiep cho smh vien"; "Hudng din thflc hanh, thUc tap sU phara" va "Tira hieu, lU van cho sinh vien".
- Cd SU phan hda kha cao d phin ldn kit qua EU danh gia nang lUc nghiep vy sU phara cua giang vien, chflng Eo cdn cd nhflng giang vien tfl danh gia thip hdn nhieu so vdi mflc diem Erung binh cua loan mau nghien cflu.
Ti^ ket qua nghien cflu thflc Erang va Eren cd sd tdng hdp y kien cfla giang vien va sinh vien cac trfldng dai hgc sfl pham, chung tdi de xuit mpt sd y kiln ve giai phap nSng cao nang lflc nghiep vy sfl pham cho giang vien nham gdp phan nang cao chit lUdng dao Eao cua nha ErUdng nhU sau:
* Ve phia Khoa/Tnfdng dai hoc sif pham-
- Cd kl hoach bdi dUdng va thudng xuyen td chflc cac khda hpc bdi dUdng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu sU pham.
- Tich hpp phat tnen chuyen mdn va nghiep vu sU phara cho giang vien thdng qua sinh boat chuyen mon theo nghien cflu bai hpc.
- Tang cudng kiem tra nang lflc nghiep vy su pham cua giang vien, vdi nhflng lieu chl danh gia cu the
- Tao dieu kien ve thdi gian va ho trd tai chinh cho giang vien Eham gia cac khda hoc phu hdp vdi tflng ddi tflpng.
- Tang ludng va che dp phy cap.
- Xay dUng he Ehdng cd sd vat chat tot, Eao khdng gian lam viec d trUdng cho giang vien,
- Tang cUdng hdp tac, giao lUu hoc hdi kinh nghiem ve nghiep vu sU pham d cac cd sd giao due tien tien.
- To chflc cho giang vien tham nhap vao thflc tl phd thdng de co the nam bat dupc xu thi chung cua giao due phd thong.
* Ve phia gidng vien:
- Tham gia cac ldp bdi dfldng, tap huan, hoi thao ve nghiep vu sU phara do nha ErUdng Eo chflc,
- Dpc sach, hen tyc cap nhat cac tai lieu doi vdi radn hpc dUdc phSn cdng phy trach va nhat la tai lieu vl phUdng phap day hpc, Xem nhflng chUdng trinh Eam II tre d l bilt dupc nhflng suy nghi, ldi song cila Ehanh thilu nifin ngay nay.
- Lang nghe va ghi nhan y kiln phan hdi tfl phia sinh vien.
- Tilp xflc, trd chuyen, dU gid cac thiy cd, ddng nghiep di trUdc de hgc tap kinh nghiem Erong giang day.
- Tfl tich luy kinh nghiem vl nghiep vu Erong qua trinh giang day.
- Tich cue tham gia cdng tac thUc tap sU phara cua trUdng.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1] Dinh Quang Bao, 2010, Moi qilan he gida ehucin nghi nghiep gido vien, chudn clciu ra vd ehuong irinh ddo tgo ciia trudng dgi hpc sif pham Tap chi Giao due, sd 6.
[2] Nguyen Thanh Binh, 2010. Gidi phdp ndng cao ndng life ddo tgo gido vien THPT eiia edc eO .sd cliio tgo gido vien. Tap chl Giao dye, sd 06.
[3] Bg GD-DT & TrUdng DHSP Ha Ndi, 2011. Khoa hpc sUpham Irong chiin lupephdt trien gido vien yiu lo cdn ban ddi mdi gido due Viet Nam. Ki yeu Hdi thao khoa hoc, thang 12.
[4] Dao Thi Oanh, 2013. Gidi phdp ndng cao nang life nghiep vu sUphgm, nghien cdu khoa li(}e gido chic vd quiin li ddo tgo ciia gidng vien did hpc .suphgm. Dk tai cip Bo B2009-17-CT07
ABSTRACT
Situation pedagogical competence of teachers Pedagogical University This article refers to the state of pedagogical corapetence of university teachers in 10 pedagogical aspects. 'Analyzing the structure of the program content subject/module', 'Planning teaching', 'Management teaching', "Using methods, organizational forms of Eeaching', TesEing and evaluation', 'Vocational educaEion for students'. 'Guiding prac- tice, teaching practice'. 'ConErol, emotional adjustraent', 'Understanding student counsel- ing/advising students', and 'Comraunication pedagogy'. On this basis, the research team made a nuraber of recommendations on WKys to improve the pedagogical capacity of teachers Eo improve university teacher Eraining quality.
