KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHE
AIVH HLTOIXIG C U A P H A I V TRUIXl Q U E V A PHAIXI BOIM L A H I - B O R O I \ l 7 - 1 4 DEIM C A C Y E U T O C A U THAIXIH IXIAIXIG
S U A T V A IXIAIXIG S U A T GIOIVG L U A O M 1 8 TROIXIG V U DdlXIG XUAIXI V A H E T H U I V A M B O 1 9 - 2 0 2 0
L6 Tan Tnmg', Nguyen Vin Chuong^
T6MTAT
Nghien cuu da duoc thuc hi^n de danh gia anh huong cua phan triin que va phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14 den cac yeu td cau thtknh nang suiit va nSng suat gidng lua 0M18 trong vu dong xuan va he thu nam 2019-2020.
TTii nghiem duoc bo tri theo khdi hoan toan ngiu nhien voi bdn nghiem thiic, 4 Idn lap lai tai thanh phd Long Xuyen, tinh An Giang. M6i nghiem thiic co dien tich 48 m^ (8 m x 6 m). Cac nghiem thiic vu 1 (dong xuan): d6i chiing flMTl) chi bon phan v6 ca N, P, K (85 kg N- 45 kg P205-45 kg K^O); CNT2) bon N, P, K + phun Hi-Boron 7-14 (phun 30 ml/25 lit nuoc, phun 320 lit nuoc da pha tren ha); (NTS): N, P, K + 300 kg.hal phan trun que Atiga; (NT4) b6n N, P, K + 300 kg.ha" 1 phan tnin que Atiga+ phun Hi-Boron 7-14 (phun 30 ml/25 lit nude, phun 320 lit nuoc da pha trSn ha). Cac nghiem thirc vu 2 (he thu) duoc ben hanh tren n^n thi nghi$m 1. Tuy nhien, tat ca cac nghidm thuc khong duoc bon phan trim que va khong phun Hi-Boron 7- 14 (chi bon N, P, K theo c6ng thitc 85 kg N - 45 kg P2O5 - 45 kg K;0/ha). Ket qua cho tiiay tr^n nen 85 kg N- 45 kg P2O5-45 kg K;0, bdn bo sung 300 kg.ha"' phan trim que va phun phan bon la o vu dong xuan da lam tang sd nhanh liia/m^ sd b6ng/m^ sd hat chdc/bong; nang suat gidng liia OM 18 tang 11,3% so ddi chiing chi bdn N, P, K (khong bdn phan triin qu^ va khong phun Hi-Boron 7-14). Trong vu he thu nang suit tang 14,9% so vol chi bon N, P, K tr6n ciing nghidm thiic, mac dii khdi luong 1000 hat khong khac biet trong ca 2 vu.
Tvr khda: Gidng lua 0M18, nang suit, phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14, phan trdn qud Atiga, ydu td ciu thanh ning suit
1. BAT VAN DE chung. Kdt qua nghien cuu tai Vien Liia DBSCL sau
^ , 4 nam va 15 nam cho thay khi bon rom ra 6 tan.ha' Trong hia la mot mot nganh san xuat nong ^ , g, . ^ ^ ^^ ^ p ^ j ^ ^^^ ^^_, ^^ p^ ^ ^^^
nghiep truyfo thong cua nguoi dan dong bang song ^^^^.^ ^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^.j ,^^ ^ ^ . ^ ^ ^^.^ ^g; ^„
Cuu Long (DBSCL) noi nSng va ca nuoc noi chung. ^ ^ ^^^ ,^^ ^^ p ^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ._^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^
Bon phan dam qua muc dan den cac van de ve dich ^^^ ^^^^ ^ . ^ ^^ ^^^ 2010, 2016). Neu bon qua hai do tang ty le sinh no, tu6i tho va the Iuc chung _^^. ,^ ^,^^ _,^_ ^j^^ ^^ ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^- ^^_
cua mot s6 loai gay hai Ohan, 2004; Jhan eta/., 2005). ^. ^^ ^ ^ ^.^^ ^^^ ^^^y,„ ^.^ ^^^^^^ ^j^^j^ ^. ^^
Ke't qua nghien oiu cua NguySn Tan Ngpc (2009) ^j^^ ^^^ ^ ^ . ^ ^^^ ^^^ (p^^^p ^^^j^ 2002). Sudung cho thSy sau hai vu bon phan huu ca da co tac dung ^ ^ . ^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^. ^^^ ^^^ ^-^
tang nang suat cay tr6ng; a cac nghiftm thuc co su ^^^^ ^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ p ^ ^^^^^ ^.^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^
dwig phan huu co nang suat cay trong deu tang, dac ^^.^ ^^ ^^.^^ ^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^ . „ y , ^ ^..
biet tang cao a cac nghiem thiic ph6i tron re Iuc binh ^ ^ ^ ^ ,^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^ j j ^^ ^^P ^^.^ ^^j ^^^
t rom + phan heo 10 tan/ha doi vm dua leo, rau ^^^.^ ^^ ^P ^^^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^ p^^j ^^^ ^ ^ _.. ^^
muong va b6n 5 tan/ha doi vol liia; boi thu nang suat ^^ .^ ^ ^ ^,^^^ j^.p ^i^^^ ^ ^ .^ ^^ , ^ g ^^P j^p^
cao hon co y nghia thdng ke so ven nghidm thiic doi rpYVC 1998)
Hien nay o DBSCL phan hiru cff cho liia chua ' Sinli viSn cao hpc nganh Khoa hpc cay Irong, Truong Dai ^^^ ^^j jjpPg nhieu. Do do, nghien cilu anh huong hpc An Giang ciia phan huu CO ket hop voi phan bon la Hi-Boron 7- Email: [email protected] ,'^ , . ., . ^.i , ., , , . ,
"- Khoa Nong nghiep va Tiii nguyen thifin nhien, Trudng Dai 14 o cac muc do va dieu kien khac nhau nham muc hpc An Giang tieu danh gia hieu qua sir dung phan huu ca den sinh Email: nvchuonglpVigu cdu vn
t r u d n g , p h a t t r i e n , n S n g s u a t c u a g i d n g l u a 0 M 1 8 , g i a m l u g n g p h a n v o c o ( d a c b i e t la p h a n d a m ) , g i a m 6 n h i l m m o i t n r o n g ti^n tdi x a y d u n g q u i t r i n h s a n x u a t Ilia a n t o a n v a b e n v i i n g 6- D B S C L
2. V9T UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHIBJ CUU 2.1. v a t l i ^ nghito cmi
Cay h-dng: Gidng lua 0M18 cap xac nhan cua Cong ty Gidng Loc Trdi.
Dat h-dng lua: Tai xa My Khanh, TP. Long Xuy^n dat bd tri thi nghidm la dat rugng trong de bao khep kin, la loai dat phu sa khdng diroc boi. Tnrde khi trong d^t dupc lam sach co dai, xdi, phoi va phan Id.
Phan bon vo co: Phin dam Phu My, phan DAP Phil My, phan kali Phu My.
Phan hiru co: Phan trim que Atiga vdi chat hiru CO to nhien > 20%, N:0,5%, P205:l%, K2O:0,5% va ddy dti cac dinh duong trung, vi lugng (bdn 16t 100%) cda Cdng ty Ki^n Tliinh. Phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14 cua Tap doan Lgc Trdi (N:7%, B:13%, ch^t hiru co tu nhien 25%).
TTii nghiem dupc thuc hien tren ruong ciia ndng dan trdng lua tai My Khanh frong vu dong xuan va he thu 2019-2020 (trSn nen thi nghiem 1). Gidng lua dugc SIJ dung gieo sa la 0M18 co thdi gian sinh hTTong til 95 - 100 ngay. Phan bdn: Ure. DAP, KCl, phan trim que va phan bon la Hi Boron 7-14.
2.2. Phirong phAp nghifin dm 2.2.1. Cach bdn phin
Cong thuc bdn phan bon vd co (N, P, K kg.ha ^) 85 kg N-45 kg PgOr 45 kg K^O va chia thanh 3 lan bdn vao cac giai doan 8, 22 va 44 ngay sau khi s?
(NSS). Lupng phan trim que Atiga la 300 kg. ha' (theo khuydn cao ciia nha san xuat) va bdn lot 10096 ngay tir dau vu ket hgp bon phan vo co vao cac thdi diem -1, 6, 17, 37, 48 NSS. Phun Hi-Boron 7-14 theo khuydn cao ciia nha san xuat la 30 ml/25 lit nuoc, phun 320 lit nirdc da pha tren ha. Phun 2 lan trong 1 vu, Idn 1: giai doan lam dong 4045NSS; lAi 2: lua bat dau trd. Nghiem thiic ddi chiing phun giong nhu cac nghiem thirc co phun Hi Boron nhung thay phan bdn la Hi Boron bang nirdc la.
Ddsau (cm) 0-20
P11H20
5,12
Bangl.TinhchStvatly
•^^ l o n g sri
(%)
0,29 P
••• hufu d u n g
(mg.kg-') 31,2
, h6a hoc S.it
(mg.kg") 114
tni6c thi nghidm Chat hiru co
(%)
2,69
Thanh phan co gioi
(*)
cat6,50 Thit 65,0
Sit 28,5 Dat truoc thi nghifem cd d6 phi nhi^u thdp,
ngheo dmh duong (Bang 1). PHH2O dat dugc phan cap o muc chua theo thang danh gia ciia Raymond (2017). PHH2Q dat hung binh chi dat 5,12 (pH>5), o khoang PHH2O nay cay lua phat Irien dirge vi PHH2O thich hop cho cay lua khoang 5-6 (Ogawa et al., 1999). Ham lirgng chat hiiu ca (2,69%) va dam tdng sd (0,29% N) trong dat diroc danh gia d' muc ngheo (Raymond, 2017). Ket qua nay cho thay cac nigng da dupc canh tac lau nam va dugc bdn phan hiru ca vdi lugng rat thap. Ham lugng P hihi dung (31,2 mg. Kg 0 va kali trao ddi (114 mg.Kg^) trong dat o miic thap theo thang danh gia cua Ogawa et al. (1999). Dat trong de d xa My Khanh, Long Xuyen dugc hinh thanh h-en vung dat phii sa nen ti le thit cao (65%).
2.2.2 Bd tii till nghiem
Vox nghiem dupc bd tri theo khdi h o ^ toan ngau nhi^n vol bon nghiem thuc Oieu lugng phan bdn), 4 lan lap lai, chia mdi nghidm thiic co di^n tich 48 n r (8 m x 6 m). Cac nghidm thiic vu 1 (dong xuan): ddi chiing (NTl) chi bdn N, P, K (vo c o - VC)
theo miic 85 kg N - 45 kg P3O5-45 kg K2O; (NT2) bon N, P, K (Vd CO - VC) + phun Hi-Boron 7-14 phun 30 ml/25 lit nuoc, phun 320 lit nude da pha trSn ha.
Phun 2 lan trong 1 vu, lan 1: giai doiin lam dong 40- 45NSS; Lan 2: lua bat dau trd; (NT3): N, P, K (Vo co-VC) + 300 kg phan trim qu^ Atiga fren ha; (NT4) bdn N, P, K (Vd CO - VC) + 300 kg.ha' phan trim qu^
Ahga+ phun Hi-Boron 7-14 phun 30 ml/25 lit nuoc, phun 320 ht nuoc da pha h-en ha. Phun 2 lan h-ong 1 vu, lan 1: giai doan lam dong 40-45NSS; Lan 2: liia bat dau tro. Cac nghiem thirc vu 2 (he thu) tren n k thi nghiem 1 nhung khong bdn phan hnin que va khong phun Hi-Boron 7-14 (chi bon N, P, K theo mirc 85 kg N - 45 kg P2O5 - 45 kg K2O). Phan dugc bon theo khuydn cao: Bdn lot phan trim que dau vu va bon phan vo co vao cac thdi diem -1, 6,17, 37, 48 NSS.
2.2.3. Phuong phap tudi
Tirdi ngap thuong xuyen, giu muc nuoc khoang 5 cm b-^n mat rudng trong sudt thdi gian sinh huong cua cay liia ngoai trir giai doan 80 - 100 ngay sau khi
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2020
KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHE
sa va 7 ngay sau khi thu hoach. Thdi ky 80 -100 NSS d^t dupc giu am.
2.24. Chi tidu danh gii
Cac chi tieu theo doi: chieu cao cay va sd choi 6 thW diem 10, 20, 40 va 70 NSS. Chieu cao cay dugc do hi mat dat d^n chop la hay chdp bong ciia chdi cao nh^t (cm). Ghi nhan sd choi bang each dem tdng choi/m^. PHH2O dugc trich 6' ty le 1: 2,5 (d^t: nuoc);
N tdng sd dugc xac dinh bang phuong phap chung cit Kjeldahl. Xac dmh P dfe tifeu hang phuong phap Bray 2. Kali dugc xac dinh bang may h^p thu nguy&n tu. Chat hiiu co dupc xac dinh bang phuong phap Walkley Black. Sa cau dupc xac dmh bang phuong phap dng hiit Robinson.
3. KET QUA NGHEN CUU VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Anh hudng cua phSn tnin qu^, Hi-Boron 7- 14 ddn sinh tnidng c^a gidng Iiia 0M18 trong vu ddng xuan va h6 thu 201^2020 tgi Long Xuygn - An Giang
3.1.1. Chieu cao cay (cm)
Chieu cao cay giiia cac nghiem thiic o vu 1
10, 20, 40 va 70 NSS va giua cac nghiem thuc khong khac bi6t cd y nghia thdng ke, ngoai trir d giai doan 40 NSS khac biet 6 muc y nghia 1% (Bang 2). Chi^u cao cay tang tir 10 NSS qua cac giai doan sinh truong, phat tnen ciia gidng liia 0M18 den 70 NSS hi 12,1 cm -101 cm. Tuong tu, sang vu he thu chi^u cao cay 6 40 NSS khac biet co y nghia 1%, nhung khdng khac biet o giai doan 10 va 70 NSS. Chieu cao cay giira 2 vu dong xuan va he thu o giai doan 40 NSS cd su khac biet co y nghia o miic 1%. Cac loai phan vd co cung nhu hiru co bon cho liia dk\x co tac ddng den kha nang sinh truong va phat trien cua cay (Nguyin Nggc De, 2008). Chieu cao cay tang nhanh o giai doan 20 ngay sau khi sa va tiep tuc tang ddn 40 ngay sau khi sa. Trong do cao nhat 6 nghidm thiic bon ket hgp phan chuong + phan bon la tren nen phan v6 co va CO su khac biet vol cac nghifem thiic cdn lai, thap nhat o nghifem thuc ddi chung. Ket qua nay ciing phii hgp vdi nghien ciiu cua Le Thi Kiiu Di6m (2009).
Cay Ilia trd nfin tap trung dinh duong vao viec nuoi dong do do su gia tang chi^u cao cay o cac nghifem thiic khdng con thay ro su khac biet (Nguyen Nggc De, 2008).
(ddng xuan) tang ddn theo thdi gian sinh trudng tir
Biing 2. Anh hudng cfia phSn trim qu^, Hi-Boron 7-14 d^n c h i ^ cao gidng liia 0M18 trong vu ddng xuSn va h^ thu nam 2019-2020 tai Long Xuyfen, An Giang
Nghidm thirc D6ng xuan (A) Doi chiing (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi^Boron(NT2) NPK +ATIGA (NTS) NPK + Hi-Boron + ATIGA (NT4)
10 NSS 12,1 12,3 12,3 12,3
Chieu cac 20 NSS
28,1 28,3 28,3 28,3
cay (cm) 40 NSS
73,9'' 73,9' 77,0' 77,4"
70 NSS 96,5 99,5 99,1 101 He thu (B)
Doi chung (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi-Boron (NT2) NPK + ATIGA (NT3) NPK + Hi-Boron + ATIGA (NT4) F(A)
F(B) F(A*B) CVj(%) CVB (%) CV4.B(%)
12,1 12,1 12,5 12,6 ns ns ns 2,01 1,98 4,26
28,1 28,5 28,1 28,6 ns ns ns 2,14 1,54 1,85
75,9' 77,9"
73,4'' 73,4'
**
*•
* •
2,90 3,23 3,03
100 98,8 97,6 97,4 ns ns ns 3,27 2,85 1,93 Ghi chu: Trong ciing mot cot, nhirng soco cha theo sau khac nhau thi co Idiac biet y nghia thdng ki 6 mirc 1% (* *); ns: khdng co Idiac biity nghia thdng ki.
3.1.2. Sd choi hihi hieu (chdi/nf) K^t qua a bang 3 cho thay kha nang de nhdnh ciia gidng lua OM 18 dao dgng tii 129 d^n 379 choi nhung khdng khac bi^t co y nghia thdng k6 o vu dong xuan. Sd choi hfiru hieu giam tir giai doan 70 NSS (trong ca hai vu) va dat cao nhat o thdi diem 40 NSS; sau do so choi giam manh cho den liic lua trd hoan toan. Tuong tu, sang vu he thu trong giai doan lua de nhanh 10 NSS den 70 NSS, sd choi tdi da o cac nghidm thiic bon phan khac nhau dao dpng hi 423 den 918 chdi/m^ trong vu he thu, nhung khac biet khong CO y nghia thdng ke. Tuy nhien, sd choi cao nhat tang l^n 432 choi/m^ (NT4) trong ca 2 vu, cao nhat o nghiem thiic bdn ket hgp phan vo co, phan trfin que va phan bon la; sd choi thap nhat 6 nghiem thiic ddi chiing (NTl) chi bon phan vo co (Bang 3).
Khi so sanh 2 vu thi so choi hiiu hieu khac biet co y nghia 1%, sd choi vu dong xuan cao hon vu he thu khi chi bon phan vo co (Bang 3). Dieu nay cho thay
14 chi CO tac dung d- vu ddng xuan va khong luu ton sang vu sau (Do lugng bon thap va phan da ii hoai).
6 ca hai vu dong xuan va he thu kha nang de nhinh cua gidng lua 0M18 dat cao nhat o giai doan de nhanh (40 NSS), sau do giam manh khi lam ddng (70 NSS) va tidp tuc giam cho den Iuc lua trd hoan toan.
Trong giai doan de nhanh sd choi tdi da o c^c nghiem thu-c bon phan khac nhau dao dpng tii 432 choi den 423 ch6i/m^ cao nhat dat 432 choi/m^ 6 nghi$m thiic bdn phan vo co (VC) + phan trim qu^
Atiga + phan bdn la Hi-Boron 7-14 va thap nhat d nghiem thiic ddi chiing (423 chdi/m^. Sd chdi 6 giai doan ban dau se anh hudng ddn sd bdng 6 giai do^n thu hoach. Sd choi th^ hi$n cho sd bong can thi^t d^
tao nang suat sau nay, nhung khdng phai choi nao dupc hinh thanh ciing tao dupc thanh bong ma nd con phu thupc vao so chdi huu hieu (Morteza, 2011).
Theo Nguyen Nggc De (1998) kha nang no bui cua Ilia thay ddi tiiy theo gidng liia, tinh chat dat, thdi tiet, lugng phan bon va che dp nuoc.
bon phan tnin qud Atiga vdi phan bdn la Hi-Boron 7-
Bdng 3. Anh huong ciia phan trim qu^, phan bdn Id Hi-Boron 7-14 dhi sd chdi ciia gidng Ida 0M18 trong vu ddng xuan vA h6 thu nSm 2019-2020 tgd Long Xuyfen, An Giang
Nghiem thiic D6ng xuan (A) Ddi chiing (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi-Boron (NT2) NPK + ATIGA (NTS) NPK + Hi-Boron + ATIGA (NT4)
Sd ch6i/m^
10 NSS 129 132 133 137
20 NSS 378 382 387 388
40 NSS 423 428 429 432
70 NSS 370 374 376 379 He thu (B)
Ddi chiing (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi-Boron (NT2) NPK + ATIGA (NT3) NPK + Hi-Boron + ATIGA (NT4) F(A)
F(B) F(A*B) CV,(%) CVB(%) CV,,.„ (%)
119 119 119 119 ns ns
**
6,19 1,18 7,27
358 357 358 360 ns ns
*•
4,71 0,86 4,94
423 428 429 432 ns ns
"
2,89 0,94 3,73
356 359 360 359 ns ns
..
3,09 1,30 3,26 Ghi chii: Tmng cing mdt cot, nhung sd co chu theo sau Idiac nhau thi cd Idiac biit y nghia thdng Ice d nnk 1% ("): ns: khdng cd khac biet y nghia ±dngke.
148 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2020
KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHE
3.2. Anh hudng ciia phan trim qu^, p h ^ bdn la Hi-Boron 7-14 d^n cdc y ^ td c^u thinh nang su^t v i nang su^t dia gidng liia 0M18 t^ Long Xuy^n. An Giang
So sinh ket qua cac y^u td cau thanh nang suat Ilia vu dong xuan va vu he thu o- bang 4 cho thay sd bong trgn m^ va sd hat chSc trfen bdng d- nghiem thiic CO bon phan triin qud va phim phan bon la Hi-Boron
Bing 4. Anh hudng ciia phSn trim qu^, Hi-Boron 7-14 d^n cdc yeu to cau thanh nSng su^t va nSng su^t ciia gidng Ilia 0M18 vu ddng xuan va he thu nam 201&-2020
7-14 6 vu dong xuan deu cao hon so vol ddi chung va cac nghiem thiic h-ong vu he thu (kliong bon phan tnin va phun phan bon la), khac biet co y nghia thdng ke 1%. Nguoe lai, so hat lep tren bong a cac nghiem thiic bon phan trim que va phun phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14 trong vu dong xuan lai thap hon nghiem thiic doi chung va cac nghiem thiic trong vu he thu (Bang 4).
Nghidm thiic Sd bdng/m^
Sd hat chdc /bdng
Sd hat lep /bdng
Khdi luong 1.000 hat (g)
Nang suat thuc thu (tan/ha) Dong xuan (A)
Ddi chiing (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi-Boron (NT2) NPK + ATIGA (NTS) NPK + Hi-Boron+
ATIGA (NT4)
335-' 338- 340' 344"
85,3*
86,5- 87,3"
87,8"
14,0' 13,5' 13,5' 13,0'
23,6 23,6 23,6 23,8
5,43' 6,08"
6,06"
6,12"
He thu (B) Ddi chiing (NTl-NPK) NPK + Hi-Boron (NT2) NPK + ATIGA (NTS) NPK + Hi-Boron + ATIGA (NT4) F(A*B) CV*.B(%)
323' 326' S24' 324'
"
3,33
81,0' 81,0' 81,0' 81,0'
4,95
18,5"
18,5"
18,5"
18,5"
..
17,9
23,9 23,4 23,7 23,4
ns 1,34
5,27' 5,25' 5,23' 5,21'
*'
8,34 Ghi chu: Trong cung mdt cdt cac sd cd ky tii theo sau gidng nhau thi khdng khac biet qua phan tich thdng kd, **:khic bidt d muc y nghia l%;ns:khac biet khdng cd y nghia thdng ke
Khdi lugng 1.000 hat khong khac biet co y nghia thdng ke o ca 2 vu. Tuy nhien khdi lupng 1.000 hat CO the thay doi khi di^u kien dinh dtrong va dieu kien sinh thai thay doi. Su chenh lech ve khoi luong 1.000 hat cua gidng lua OM 18 giiia cac nghiem ihiic khdng khac nhau nhieu, tir 23,4-23,9 g va khong khac bi^t CO y nghia thong ke 6 ca 2 vu.
Trong cac yeu td cau thanh nang suat liia thi sd bdng/m^ va sd hat chac/bong la yeu td cd tinh chat quy^t dinh den nang suaL Cac nghiem thtrc bdn phan khac nhau co anh huong tdi sd bong/m^. Cac nghi$m thirc bon kdt hop phan v6 co + phan trim que + phan bdn la co sd bong/m^ cao hon so vdi cac nghiem thirc khong bon phan tnin que va phun phan
bon la, dao ddng tii 338 bdng den 344 bong 6 vu dong xuan (Bang 4).
Ty le hat chac/bong (%) phu thugc vao so hat ti-en bong, nhiet do khong khi Iuc trd, ty le liia bi do nga, miic dd thieu nude liic trd va bon thira phan dam liic lam dong. Sd hat chSc trung binh trfen bong la yeu td quan trgng gop phan gia tang hay giam nang suat Ilia. Khi bon bd sung cac loai phan bdn khac nhau thi ty le hat chac/bong se khac nhau. Ty 1^ hat chac/bong trong cac nghiem thiic bon phan khac nhau dao dgng tir 81,0 den 87,8 hat/bong trong ca 2 vu. Vi vay, khi bdn ket hgp phan bon vo co, huu co se lam gia tang ty le hat chdc/bdng, tir do gia tang nang suat Ilia.
N 6 N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2020 149
Cac yeu to cau thanh nang suat da dua nang suat thuc thu khac bi^t cd y nghia 1% tii vu ddng xuan sang vu he thu. Nang suat thuc thu cao nhat 6 nghiem thiic bdn phdi hgp phan vd co + phan hiiu co va phun phan bdn la (6,12 tan.ha'), nhung khong khac biet co y nghia so voi nghiem thiic NT2 (6,08 t ^ . h a ' ) va NT3 (6,06 tan.ha"^) trong vu dong xuan.
Ngugc lai, sang vu he thu cac nghiem thiic chi bdn phan N, P, K dugc bo tri tren n^n dat 6 cac nghiem thiic nhung khdng bdn phan trim que va phun phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14 va nghiem thiic ddi chiing nhu vu ddng xuan. K^t qua cho thay nang suat thuc ihu thap hon so vdi cac nghifem thiic co bon phan tnin qu^ va phun phan bon la Hi-Boron 7-14 trong vu dong xuan va khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke 1%.
4 . KET LUAN V A K I ^ NGHI 4.LKgtIuan
Ket qua 2 vu cho thay bdn cho 1 ha phan vo co 85 kg N - 45 kg P2O545 kg K2O ket hgp vol 300 kg phan trim qu^ da u hoai muc ket hgp vdi phun phan bdn la Hi-Boron 7-14 Oirpng phun) lam tang nang suat lua 11,3% so vdi chl bon phan vo co N, P, K trong vu ddng xuan. Tuong ttr, trong vu he thu chi bdn phan vd CO N, P, K 6 tat ca cac nghi&m thiic thi o nghidm thiic cd bdn phan N, P, K ket hop vdi phan hihi CO va phan phun la trong vu ddng xuan nang suat Ilia vu he thu ciing cao hon 14,9% so vdi chi bon N,P,K.
4.2. Ki^n nghi
Tang cudng su dung phan hiiu co va phan bdn la de giam lugng phan vd co, dong thdi cai thien dugc dp phi nhieu dat va tang nang suat cay trdng.
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
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KHOA HOC C d N G NGHE
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AFFECTS OF EARTHWORM MANURE AND FOLIAR FERTILIZER HI-BORON 7-14 ON YIELD COMPOSITION FACTORS AND YIEID OF RICE VARIEIY 0M18 IN THE WINTER SPRING
AND SUMMER AUTUMN SEASON OF 2019-2020
Le Tan Tnmg, Nguyen Van Chuong Siunmary
Tbe objective of the study was to evaluate effects of earthworm manure combined with foliar fertilizer HI- BORON 7-14 on yield composition factors and yield of rice vanety 0M18 m the winter-spring and summer- autumn season 2019-2020. The field experiment included four treatments and four replications in Long Xuy&n city, An Giang province. Each treatment has an area of 48 m^ (8 m x 6 m).Treatments of season 1 (winter-spring): The control treatment O^Tl) only appUed N, P, K (85 kg N - 45 kg PjOj - 45 kg KjO/ha);
(NT2): Incorporation of N, P, K and foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14; (NTS): Incorporation of N, P, K and earthworm manure Atiga (300 kg.ha'); (NT4): Incorporation of N, P, K, earthworm manure Atiga (300 kg.ha') and foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14. Treatments of season 2 (summer - autumn) were carried on th former experiment 1. However, treatments did not apply earthworm manure Atiga and spray foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14 (only Applied 85 kg N-45 kgPz0545kg K^OAa). The results showed that incorporation of N, P, K, earthworm manure Atiga (300 kg.ha') and foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14 in vrinter-spring season increases nee shoots, panicle per m^, grains per panicle and yield 11.3% compared to the control treatment (without applying earthworm manure Atiga and spray foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14). In summer - autumn season the yield increases 14.9% compared with applymg only N, P. K in summer - autumn in the same treatment although the weight of 1000 seeds was not signiflcantly different.
Keywords: Earthworm manure Atiga, foliar fertilizer Hi-Boron 7-14, nee variety 0M18, yield composition factor, yield.
Ngueid phan bi|n: TS. Bin Huy Hiln Ngay nhan b4i: 3/8/2020 Ngay thdng qua phan bi^n: 3/9/2020 Ngay duylt dang: 10/9/2020
