45 NAM THlIC HIEN Dl CHUC CUA CHU TICH Hd C H I MINH
CHU NGHIA NHAN DAO, NHAN VAN TRONG DI CHUC CUA
CHU TICH H 6 CHI MINH
QUYNH LIEN
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ach day 45 nam, Chu tjch H6 Chi Minh ki'nh y§u cua Chung ta vk col vTnh h§ng.Di chiic cua NgUbi de lai la mpt van kien ljch sCr vo gia, k§t tinh tinh hoa, td tudng dao dute va tam hon cao dep cua mpt vT nh§n, m6t anh hung gi^i phong dan tpc, mpt danh nhan van hoa t h i gicrt.
Chu nghTa nhan dao tir tu&ng nh&n van, trilt ly nhan sinh th§m dutfln trong Di chuc cua Ngubi.
Ngu&i iky thuc tiln lam diem xult phat, l§y giai phong va sU phat trien cua con ngubl la muc tieu. Do la mpt thit ly hanh dong, dao \^
lam nguioi, dao ly lam viec. NgU&l xae djnh ro: "Dku tien la cong viec d6i vert con ngubl" {Ho Chi Minh toin tap. NXB chinh tri qudc gia Hi Ndi 1996, t.12 tr.503). NguOi can dan mpi cong viec d4u hu*3fng vao phuc vu con ngu6i, lam cho con ngu&i dupc phat tri^n toan dien, de con ngucri l^m chu ban than, CO tudo, co cuoc s6ng km no hanh phuc.
Theo Ngubi, do 1^ c6ng vi§c nh§t thilt phai lam, d^u kho khan phUc tap d§n mdy cung phai ra sDc l^m. Ddi v& nhijfng ngu&i da dung cam hy sinh mot phlin xuong mau cua minh (thupng binh, b^nh binh...) trong su nghiep dku tranh gianh dpc lap, tu do cho dan tpc, chung ta phai b§ng mpi each cham soc, tao diiu ki^n nd an ch6n 6 yen dn, md lop day nghi thich hpp de hp co hanh trang c§n thiit trong cuoc sing. D i i vdi nhUng ngudi 6k hy sinh, mil <^a phUOTig can xay dung vudn hoa va bia ky niem de mai mai ghi nhd si/
hy sinh anh dung cua hp, de ddi ddi giao due tinh thin y§u nudc cho cac t h i he hien nay va mai sau. Khi gia dinh, ngudi than cua thupng birih, li$t sT gap khd khan, chinh quyin dja phuong phai giup dd hp, quyet khong de hp thiiu thin.
D i i vdi ndng d§n, Ngudi d i nghj miin thui ndng nghiep mpt nam, de ding bao th§m niim phin khdi, day manh san xuit sau nhieu nam da ti^n tuc ra sUc gdp ngudi, gdp cua, chju dung kho khan gian kho vi su nghiep d i u tranh giai phong dan tpc, gianh NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG 9 & 10 - 2014
CHU NGHiA NHAN DAO, NHAN VAN.,, ddc lap tudo cho To quic...
Vdi Idng dp lupng khoan dung, Ngudi y§u ciu chung ta ket hpp giao due vdi sCf dung luat phap de cki tao, giup dd nhOmg ngudi la nan nhan cua xa h6i cu, de hp trd thanh ngudi lao ddng mdi lucng thi|n.
Xuit ph^t ti^ triit ly nhan sinh sau sic, tham dupm tu tudng nhan dao va tinh nhan van khi de lai cho chung ta trong ban Di chuc thieng lieng, vert Idng mong muin khon ngudi la "Xky dung mot nudc Vi§t Nam hda binh, thing nhit, doe lap, dan chu va giau manh vk gdp phin xUng ddng vao su nghi§p cdeh mang the gidi {Sd, 112, tr.SOO). Ngudi de xudng mdt chinh sach xa hdi chu dao, toan dien vdi con ngudi. Ngudi khdng chi quan tam din ddi sdng nh§n dan, ma tren hit la cham lo giao due, dao tao ho, lam cho hp trd thanh luc lupng ndng cdt xay dung thanh edng CNXH d nude ta. Ngudi yeu ciu Chung ta sCra doi ehi dd giao due cho phiJ hop vdi hoan canh mdi, dac biet la cham lo giao dye dao ddc each mang, g\ko dye tinh thin yeu nudc cho dokn vien va thanh nidn, dao tao hp thanh nhOng ngudi thira. k i xay dung xa hdi XHCN viia "hing"
vUa "ehuy§n".
Triit ly nhan sinh eua Ngudi la su gan kit giu^
chu nghTa nhan dao cao ea vdi tu tudng nhan van sau sac. Cdi ngudn cua ehu nghta nhan dao va tinh nhan van i y Id truyin thing nhan ai cua dan tdc Vidt Nam, kit hpp vdi truyen thing nhan ai cua nhdn loai. Ndi dung cdt ldi cua chu nghTa nhan d^o vd tu tudng nhdn van dy Id Idng thUPng ydu, quy trpng con ngudi, gdn vert Idng yeu nudc ndng nan.
IVIuc tieu eao ca cua chu nghTa nhan dao va tinh nhan van i y la giai phdng dan tde, giai phdng xa hdi, giai phdng con ngudi. Phuong thuc thuc hiSn cua chu nghTa nhdn vdn dy Id hanh dpng, hoat dong thuc tiln each mang.
Thdt vdy, dupe sinh ra va nudi dudng bdi mdt dan tpc cd truyin thing hang ngan nam dung nude va gii? nudc, cd nin vdn hda nhan ban vd khdt vpng chdy bdng v i mot cudc sing t i t dep, song lai phai hUng chju ndi bat cdng bdi su ap bOrc bdc lot cua ehu nghTa thuc dan. Nguyin Ai Quie da sdm nhdn ra nil dau cua ngudi ddn mdt nudc, ndi nhuc cua klip dcrt no Id. Ngu^ ra di tim dudng cUu nude, giai phdng dan tdc tU ndi dau ddi, thucfng ngudi, khdng cam chju ap biic bit cdng, tU nhtjng suy nghT mang tinh nhdn dao, nhdn van, coi eon ngudi sinh ra ai cung cd quyin sing binh dang vd muu edu hanh Phue. Muc tieu khdng bao gid thay ddi 6 Ngudi la giai phdng dan tpc, giai phdng con ngudi, dem lal cho dan too quyin tu do, binh ddng trong phat thdn, lam eho ddng bdo ta ai cung ed com an, ao mac, ai cung dupc hpc hanh, dupfc sing trong niim vui hanh phuc.
Vdi tu tudng hien thuc dd, triit ly nhan sinh cua Ngudi da trd thanh mdt triit 1^ nhan sinh hanh ddng.
Con ngudi khdng the muu cdu hanh phuc cho minh bang cach ngoi yen trdng chd su ban phdt tis ddu dd p ben ngoai, md phai bat tay hanh ddng, tiin hanh
hoat ddng thue tiin de tu minh gianh lay hanh phijc cho minh, cho dan tdc. Theo Ngucrt, chij nghta nhan dao, tu tudng nhdn van phai dupc t h i hidn thanh hdnh ddng, thanh hoat ddng thuc tiln each m^ng theo triit ly nhdn sinh hdnh ddng. VI thyc hanh 1^
nin tang cua ly" ludn vd ly luan lai phung si; thin hanh. Qud trinh thuc hdnh (san xuit vat chdt, dw tranh giai cdp, khoa hpc thuc nghiem) ngudi ta mdi dat dudc kit qud da dutinh trong t u t i ^ g , lucdosy hieu biit mdi dupc chUng thUc.
Biln triit \^ nhan sinh thdnh hanh dpng trong suit cuoc ddi hoat ddng each mang eiJa minh, Ngudi da tiin hanh ddu tranh khdng met mdi, c6ng hien khdng tile sUc minh cho dpc lap, tU do cua dan tpc, hanh phuc eua nhdn dan. Ngay ca khi phai ttr biet t h i gidi nay theo quy ludt sinh t i n , Ngucrt vin Idy lam tide vi khdng cdn dUPc phuc vu nhan dan lau hPn nUa, nhiiu hon nijfa. Suit ddi phuc vu, muu c^j hanh phuc eho nhan ddn nhung trudc khi qua dH, Ngudi khdng ddi hot bit cU diiu gi cho ridng minh.
Ngudi can dan chd nen to chUc dieu phung linh dinli de khdi lang phi thcrt gid vd tiin bac cua nhan ddn.
Ngay ca thi hat cua minh, Ngudi eijng yeu cdu duw dot di d l "Ddi vdi ngudi sing da t i t v i mat v§ sinh, lai khdng tin ddt rudng". Noi d l hdp tro thi hai thi
"Khdng nen ed bia da, ttipng ding md nen xdy mot ngdi nha gian dPn, rpng rai, chdc chdn, mat medl nhiing ngufirt d i n tham vling cd chd nghi ngoi". (Stf, t.12, tr.501,502).
Tu tudng vi eon ngudi cua Bac qud Id xua nay hiim. N I U khong ed mot triit ly nhdn sinh hdnh ddng, chij nghTa nhdn d^o cao ca va tu tudng nh§n van sau sdc d Ngudi, thi khdng the cd dupc quan diem vi con ngudi md quen ca than minh nhirthl Ngudi cho ring, muc tieu s i mdt khi ddt nudc con dam chim trong ach nd le la giai phdng ddn tdc, khi ddt nudc da dupc dde lap thi muc tidu hdng dilu, nhidm vy trung tdm la xay dung CNXH.
CNXH trudc hit phai Id xd hdi vi eon nguSi.
Chinh triit \^ nhan sinh dd dd hun due d Ngudi niim tin vao thdng Ipi cudi cung ciia cdng cudc xdy dimg CNXH trdn dit nudc ta. Vert triit ly nhan sinh do, trude khi trd v i col vTnh hdng, ngudi tin ring cdti non, con nudc, cdn ngudi th'\ cdng cudc xdy dyngxa hoi mdi, cdng cudc dau tranh chdng lai nhung gi cQ ky, hu hdng {quan lidu, tham nhung, lang phi...) de tao ra nhung eai mdi t i t dep, du rit to Idn, ndng n§
va phUe tap, song thing Ipi la diiu chac chdn.
Ky niem 45 nam thuc hien Di chuc cua Chu tjch H i Chi Minh la dip d l todn t h i nhan dan ta td ibng thdnh kinh nhd on Ngudi, ding thdi d l cdc td chOc Dang, timg can bp, dang vien ghi nhd va thuc hi§n hieu qua nh&ng diiu Bac da dan, gdp phan dua Nghj quyit Dai hdi XI va Nghj quyit Hdi nghj Trung uong 4 (Khda XI) "IVIdt so vin de cip bich vi x^y dtJng Ding hiSn naf gianh dupc thing Ipi, dap umg v<A su mong dpi ciia nhan dan cung nhu tinh cam, mong mudn va niim tin ciia Chu tjch H6 Chi Minh de lai trong Di chuc cua Ngudi.a
I NGUdl XAY DUNG SO THANG 9 & 10 - 2014
