NGHIEN Cljru-TRAO Ddl
J THIET KE, CHE TAO MAY TACH HAT CACAO
DESIGN, MANUFACTURING OF A COCOA POD SPLITTING MACHINE
Van Hun Thinh', Nguyen Thoai Khanh^
'Trudng Dai hpc Su phgm Ky thudt TP. Hd Chi Minh -Trudng Cao ddng Ky thudt Cao Thdng
TOM TAT
Bdi bdo trinh bdy cdc kit qud nghien cieu cua qud trinh thiet ke, che tgo mdy tdch hat cacao.
Mdy tdch vo cacao theo chiiu dgc thdnh hai nira. Ndng sudt trung binh cua mdy tdch hgt cacao la 2.400 trdi/gia. Cdc kich thuac ciia trdi co the duoc mdy xie ly trong khodng chieu ddi tie 100 din 2 75 mm voi duong kinh tuong ung tie 50 den 100 mm ma khong cdn dieu chinh.
Tu khoa: Hgt, cacao, vo cacao, hgt cacao, mdy tdch.
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the research results of the design and manufacturing cocoa pod splitting machine. The machine splits cocoa pod longitudinally into two halves. The average capacity of the cocoa pod splitting machine is 2400 pods per hour A wide range of pod sizes can be handled by the machine ranging in length from about 100 to 275 mm with corresponding diameters of 50 to 100 mm without the need for adjustment.
Keywords: Beans, cocoa, cocoa pod, cocoa beans, splitting machine.
l . D A T V A N D E
Cacao Id cay trdng dang dugc ddnh gia la logi cdy cd nhidu tidm ndng d Viet Nam. Cdy cacao hien dang dugc dau tu phdt trien d Tay Nguyen, Ddng Nam Bd vd cac tinh Ddng bdng Sdng Ciiu Long.
Cacao sau thu hogch dugc ngudi cdng nhan tien hanh tdch vd thii cdng bdng tay d l ldy hat dua vao qua trinh che bien. Cdng viec nay tdn nhieu cdng lao ddng, thdi gian tdch hgt keo dai, gidm chat Iugng sdn phdm.
Do dd, viec thiet ke, che tao mdy tdch hgt cacao dd phyc vu cho qud trinh chd bidn cacao se gidm dugc lao ddng, tdng nang sudt tach hat, tidt kiem dugc thdi gian. Han niia, viec chd tao mdy tdch hgt cacao dua vdo sdn xudt Id hudng di thich hop trong viec c a khi hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn.
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHI CO KHI VIET NAM. S6 6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddl
2. VAT LIEU VA PHU^OfNG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU
2.1. v a t lieu
Vat lieu de mdy chay thu nghiem la cacao sau khi thu hoach tii 7 den 9 ngdy. Kich thudc cacao cd chieu dai 100 ddn 275 mm, dudng kinh tir 50 ddn 100 mm.
2.2. Phircmg phdp tach hat cacao 2.2.1. Tdch hat cacao thU cong
Tach hat cacao thii cdng Id each thiic tdch hat hoan todn thyc hien thu cdng bang each sii dyng dao de tach vd va sau dd ldy cdc hat cacao tu tren vd.
a) Xay d i ^ g trinh t y tach hat cacao bang may
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(1) ^ T ( 3 ) a B o ^ i a f ( 4 ) , ^ ^ ( .
Hinh 2: Tdch hgt cacao bdng mdy Tach hat cacao theo nguyen Iy tdch bang may trai qua 4 giai dogn nhu hinh 2. Trdi cacao (1) dugc hp thdng bang tdi dua den bd phdn dao cdt de cdt vd (2); Ca vd va hat dupc dua den he thdng sang (3), de tach vd vd thu san phdm hgt cacao (4).
b) Stf do nguyen ly
,:; (1) (2) (3) Hinh 1: Tdch hgt cacao bdng tay
Trdi cacao (1), dung tay vd dyng cu de tach mdt phdn vd (2), sau dd tach hgt cacao ra khdi vd (3).
2.2.2. Tdch hfit cacao bang mdy
Dd dgt nang sudt mong mudn va dp tin cdy trong thiet ke may tdch hat cacao dua tren nhung chi tieu thiet ke sau ddy;
- Ndng sudt trung bmh 2.400 trdi/gid.
- Cat dugc vd vdi nhieu kich thudc khdc nhau.
- Gid thdnh ciia mdy phii hgp vdi dieu kipn kinh te cua hp gia dinh.
- May phai d l van hdnh, ddm bao an toan cho ngudi sii dung.
(I) Phiu; 2) Bang tdi; 3) Bdnh ddn; 4) Dao cdt; 5) Mdng hung; 6) Sdng thung; 7) mdng Nguyin ly hogt dgng ciia mdy tdch hgt cacao:
Trdi cacao dugc dua vdo pheu (1) dugc bang tai (2) dua den bd bdnh dan (3); Bp bdnh ddn dugc thiet ke gdm 4 banh xe, mdi ben hai banh quay ngugc chieu nhau de ep va ddn hudng cacao xudng theo chieu dpc. Bd banh ddn dua trai cacao qua bd dao cat (4). Tai day, vd cacao dugc cdt ra lam hai theo chieu dpc. Hdn hgp vd vd hat cacao rai xudng mdng hiing (5) vd dugc dua vdo sdng thiing (6) de phdn loai. Trong qua trinh phan loai hat rai xudng mdng (7) cdn vd thi rai ra ngoai theo hudng nghieng ciia sdng thiing.'^
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, Sd 6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN ClJfU - TRAO D 6 I
c) Thiet k^ may tach hat cacao Thiet ke cum bdnh dan:
xich Z5 = 15 rang kdt hgp vdi Id xo co tac dyng lam cdng xich khi dao cdt dich chuydn ra vao de cdt theo bien dgng ciia trai ca cao.
Hinh 4: Sa do hi thong bdnh ddn Ddng CO CO hop gidm tdc quay vdi tdc dd 47,7 vdng/phiit truyen chuyen ddng cho cap
. X Z2 24 bdnh ddn 1 thong qua ti so truyen — = — quay vdi tdc dp n|=23.85 vdng/phiit. Sau dd
££ ^ £ l — 1? X ?1 yung gian cd ti sd truyen z2 z2, 24 12 banh ddn 2 se quay vdi tdc dp iij = 23.85 vdng/phiit ngugc chieu vdi banh ddn 1 d6 ep vd ddn hudng cho cacao xudng theo chieu dpc.
Thief ke cum dao cdt:
Ddng c a gidm tdc quay vdi tdc dp n = 47,7 vdng/phut qua dia xich trung gian z, ^15
Hinh 5: Sa do cum dao cdt
Hinh 6: Mo hinh hoa 3D cUa may tdch hgt cacao 3 . K E T LUAN
rdng tmyen chuyen ddng cho dao 1 thdng qua ti dao 1 se
Sau qua trinh nghien ciru, tim hieu vd thyc hien de tai nay, tac gia da xay dung dupc mdt md hinh may cat vd ciing cacao vdi nang quay vdi tdc dp n^ =47,7 vdng/phut,ddngthdi dao suat trung binh 2.400 trdi/gid.
i ^ i Z2 Z3 z4 15 24 24 so truyen: _ x — x ^ —X —X —
zl z2 z3 24 15 24
2 Cling se quay ngugc chieu vdi dao 1 thdng qua Vdi nhiing tinh nang ky thugt va nguyen ly lam vipc nhu da trinh bay d phdn tren, nhfing thiet ke da ddp iing dugc yeu cdu dd tai. Mdy tach hat cacao thiet ke va chd tao thanh cdng va quay giup cho viec tdch hgt cacao dgt dugc vd ndng sudt che bien, dap iing nhu cdu phdt trien trong voi tdc dp nl = 47,7 vong/phiit. Trong do dia tucmg lai,*>
' - z2 z3 25 z6 z7 z&
ti sd truyen: — X — X — X — X — X — z l z2 z3 z5 z6 Z7 15 24" i s " i s " 2 4 ?4 -
= _ x — X — X — X — X - 24 IS 24 15 IS :
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM. Sd 6 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN cufu - TRAO DPi
Hinh 7: May tdch hgt cacao da che tao vd ihu nghiem Ngay nhan bai: 15/5/2015
Ngdy phan bipn: 16/6/2015 Tdi lieu tham khao:
[1]. S.K. Adzimah and E.K. Asiam (2010) The Design of a Cocoa Pod Splitting Machine, Maxwell Scientific Organization, Research Joumal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology.
[2]. Yan Diczbalis, Craig Lemin, Nick Richards and Chris Wicks,Productng Cocoa in Northern Australia, Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, 2010.
[3]. A. Ia. Xokolov; Co s& thiet ke mdy sdn xudt thuc phdm. NXB. Khoa hpc Ky thuat.
ISSN 0866 - 7056
TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM. Sd 6 ndm 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn
