Tap chi s6 28, thang 02-2018, trtfdng Dai hoc T^y Nguyen ISSN 1859-4611
NGHIEN ClTU RUI RO TIN DUNG PHI CHINK THlTC DOI V 6 l HO NONG DAN TAI HUYEN CU' M'GAR, T I N H DAK L A K
Pham Thj Oanh', Bui Thi Thu HSng", Tran Thi Lan', Nguyen Diic QuyV Ngay nhan bai: 01/01/2018; Ngay phan biln thdng qua: 15/01/2018; Ngay duylt dang: 30/01/2018
TOM TAT
Vdn la mdt yiu td quan trgng dl phat triin nin kinh tl, dac bigt la ddi vdi cac hg ndng dan thi vdn cho san xuit la rit cin thilt. Tuy vay, hg lai khd tiip can cac nguon vdn chinh thiic va ban chinh thiic do thiiu tai san thi chip, Vi vay hg phai tim din vay vdn tu ngudn phi chmh thiic. Trong bai viit nay, chung toi nghiin cim nii ro d day la kha nang ti:a ng diing han hay khdng cua ngudi vay; chiing tdi khdng nghien ciiu tiirdng hgp vay "ndng" tinh lai theo ngay Kit qua nghien ciiu chiing tdi da tim ra duoc 5 biln s6 co y nghia anh hudng din kha nang tra ng dung ban ciia hg ndng dan la: Diln tich dat, toinh do chii hg, thu nhap cua hg, muc dich vay va lai suit vay, Trin co sd dd, nhdm tac gia ciing de xuat mgt sd giai phap nhim ban chi riii ro trong mdi quan he tin dung nay nhu: Chuyin sang vay tii nguon chinh thiic; ban ehS cho vay tilu dung; Cho vay vdi sd tiin khdng qua 70 trieu; cho vay cd ngudi bao lanh hoac theo nhom;
cho vay ddi vdi nhftng hd cd diln tich tir 7000 m^ trd lln.
Tir khoa: Riii ro. tin dung phi chinh thirc. hg ndng ddn
1. M 6 D A U din cac bg ndng dan g^p nhilu khd khan vi thieu Vdn la mdt ylu td quan trgng dl phat tiiln vdn san xuit. Bin canh do, ty II ddng bao dan toe nin kinh tl, dac bi?t la ddi vdi cac hg ndng dan *ieu sd trin dia ban huyen kha Idn (46,5%) nam thi vdn cho san xuat la rat can thiet. Tuy vay, hg
lai khd tilp can cac ngudn vdn chinh thiic vk ban chinh thiic hoac da tiip can dugc nhirog lai chua thda man nhu cau ve vdn vi v^y hg phai vay tu ngudn phi chinh thiic. Theo Cuong Viet Nguyen and Marrit Van Den Berg (2014), Tin dung phi chinh thiic van la mdt ngudn tin dung chinh cho ngudi ngheo d Viet Nam. Tuy nhiln, chinh phu VietNam van chua cd nhiing chinh sach cu (hi ddi vdi thj trudng tin dyng nay, Theo sd hlu diiu tra ciia Thi Thu Tra Pham & Robert Lensink (2008) tai Viet Nam, tin dyng phi chinh thiic la ngudn vay chu yeu cua ngudi vay tilu dimg; 51 % khdi lugng tiln vay va 54% sd hgp ddng tin dung tieu diing tir ngudn tin dung phi chinh thirc, sd con lai vay tir tin dung chinh thirc va tin dyng ban chinh thiic. 76%
ngudi dan vimg ndng thdn vay tilu dung tir ngudn tin dung phi chinh thiic. Ngudi vay tieu diing tir tin dyng phi chinh thiic thi riii ro cao ban ngudi vay tii tin dung chinh thirc va ban chinh thuc.
Cu M'gar la huyln nam ve pbia Bac ciia thanh phd Budn Ma ThuOt,_cach TP. BMT 18 km, vdi diln tich dat tu nhiln la 82.443 ha va sd dan khoang 170.801 ngudi nam 2013. Trong giai doan 2010 - 2014, kinh tl tiln dja ban huyln phat triln vdi tdc dd kha cao. Mat hang xuat khau chii luc cua huyln van la san pham ndng nghilp (ca phe, mil cao su).
Nhiing nam gan day, cao su va ca phe lien tuc rot gia thIm vao do la chi phi cac yeu td dau vao cao, nang suat ca phi sut giam do nang ban klo dai din
2016. Vi vay, viec tiep can vdn vay chinh thuc ciing gap nhiiu khd khan. Do vay, cac hd nong dan phai di vay vdn tit cac ngudn phi chinh thitc.
Tuy nhiln, thj trudng tin dung phi chinh thuc t?i Dik Lak cung nhu tai Huyln Cu M'gar tilm dn r5t nhiiu nii ro va cung rat khd dl do ludng.Tuy vay, hien nay cac nghiin ciiu ve tin dyng phi chinh thiic cdn kha it va chii ylu la nghiin ciiu cac ylu td anh hudng din viec tilp can tin dung phi chinh thirc, chua cd nghien cim nao vl nii ro ciia tin dung phi chinh thiic tren dja ban huy^n Cu M'gar. Xuat phat tii van dl tren chiing tdi quyet djnh chgn nghien ciiu dl tai" Nghiin ciiu rui ro tin dung phi chinh thi^ ddi vdi h^ ndng ddn tgi huyin Cu M'gar,, tinh Bak Lak" vdi myc tieu:
- Tim hieu thyc trang tin dung phi chinh thiic ddi vdi hd ndng dan tai huyln Cu M'Gar;
- Phan tich cac yiutd anh hudng den nil ro tin dung phi chinh thiic ddi vdi hg ndng dan tai huyln Cu M'gar;
- Dl xuat cac giai phap nhim giam thilu rui ro cua hinh thiic tin dung nay.
2. NOI DUNG VA PHlTONG PHAP NGIIlfiN
cuti
2.1. Ngi dung nghiin c6:u
Trong bai vilt nay, nhdm tac gia tim hieu thyc trang vay vdn tii cac hinh thitc tin dung phi chinh thiic ciia hd ndng dan tren dia ban huyen Cu M'gar; di sau phan tich cac nhan td cd anh hudng / ThS, khoa Kinh te, trudng Ddi hgc Tdy Nguyen;
Lien he tdc gid- Pham Thi Oanh. DT: 0982991707, Email, oanhdhtnl
Tap chi sd 28. thang 02-2018, trtfdng Dai hgc Tay Nguyin ISSN 1859-4611 den kha nang tra ng cua ngudi dan. Tren co sd
dd, nhdm tac gia dl xuat mgt sd giai phap nhim ban che nii ro tin dung phi chinh thiic Q-en dia ban huygn trong thdi gian tdi.
2.2. Bdi tuong nghien cuu
Riii ro tin dung phi chinh thiic ddi vdi hd ndng dan tai huyen Cu M'gar.
2.3. Phuffngphdp nghiin cuu 2.3.1. Phuangphdp thu ihgp sd lieu
Sd lieu thii cip: Bao cao cua UBND huyen vl tmh hinh phat trien kinh te - xa hdi cua huy$n Cu M'gar nam 2016, cac tai lieu bin quan din di tai tir cac tg.p chi, giao trinh.
Sd lilu so cap: Quy md mau udc lugng theo cdng thiic: n = 50 + 8*sd biin d^c lap (Tabachnick
&Fidell, 1996).
Do dac dilm dia hinh, phan bd dan cu va cac dieu kien chii quan khac quy md miu diiu tra tang so vdi mau udc lugng tdi thilu theo quy tic trin.
Quy md mau la 210 hd dilu tra tren dia ban 3 xa:
xa Ea Kpam, xa Ea Tar va xa Quang Hiep. Moi xa tien hanh dilu tra 70 philu theo phuang phap ngSu nhiln cd sy khao sat so bg trudc de tim ra nhung hg cd vay vdn tir ngudn phi chinh tiiiic.
2.3.2. Phuong phap xu li sd li4u
Bang I. M6 ta c^c bien va
Vdi ngudn sd lieu thii cap, chiing tdi tiin hanh tdng hgp, ddi chilu dl chgn ra nhiing thdng tin phii hgp vdi dl tai. Ngudn sd lieu so cap dugc xii ly ti-ln phin mIm SPSS va Microft excel theo cac tilu thiic phii hgp.
2.3.3. Phuong phap phan lich - Phuangphdp thdng ki kinh ti + Thong kl md ta: Danh gia tinh hinh vay vdn tii ngudn phi chinh thiic ciia cac hd ndng dan, md ta tdng quat vl dac dilm cua chu hg, hg ciing nhu tin dung vi md cua hd,
+ Thong kl so sanh: So sanh, pbSn tich vi cac chi tilu nhu: Tdng sd tiln vay, thu nhap, chi tilu, chi phi lai vay, myc dich su dung vdn vay ciia hO.
- Phuong phap phan tich hdi quy Binary Dl bilt danh gia dugc nii ro cua tin dyng phi chinh thiic ddi vdi hd ndng dan, nghien cihi nay sii dung phan tich hdi quy Binary vdi biln phu thugc la biln nhj phan nhan gia tri la 1 va 0
Kha nang tra ng = (thu nhap, diln tich dit, gidi tinh, trinh do chii hd, nghi nghilp chii hd, dan tgc, thdi gian sdng d dja phuang, sd tien vay, sd nhan khau, sd lao ddng, myc dich vay, ngudn vay, lai suat vay).
dau ky vong cua md hinh Ten bien
Trang Thu nhap Dien tich Giai tinh Trinh do Nghe nghiep Dan tgc Thai gian song So tien vay So nhan khau So lao dgng Muc dich vay Nguon vay
Lai suat
Mo ta Tra ng dung ban khong Thu nhap cua hg Dien tich cua hg gioi tinh chii hg so nam di hgc ciia chu hg nghe nghiep ciia chii hg dan tgc
thai gian song d dia phucmg so tien vay cua hg trong nam so nguai cua hg so lao ddng cua hg muc dich vay cua hd hinh thiic vay ciia hg
lai suat di vay
Don vi tinh l=dung han, 0=kh6ng diing han trieu dong/nam
m^
l=nam, 0=nii' n3m
l=nghe khac, 0=thuan nong l=Kinh, 0=dan tgc thiiu s6 nam
tri6u dong nguai ngurdi
l=vay tieu dung, 0=vay sx l=vay tur nhan, hue hui, ban nong san non, mua chiu VTNN, 0=vay ban be, nguai than
%/thang
D i u k>' vgng
+ -1- + -+
-1- + +
+
-
Tap chi s6 28, thang 02-2018, trtfdng Dai hgc Tay Nguyin ISSN 1859-4611 3. KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU VA THAO LUAN
3.L Thuc trgng tin dung phi chinh thuc cda hg ndng dan tren dia bdn huyin Cu M'gar 3.1.1. Tmh hinh vay vSn tit cdc hinh thitc tin dung phi chinh thuc cda hg ndng ddn
Bang 2. Tinh hinh vay von tir cac hinh thiic phi chinh thirc
Ngudn vay So quan Ty- trgng sat (%) Vay tii anh em, ban be
Vay tu nhan Choi hue, hui Ban nong san non Mua chiu vat tu nong nghiep Tong cdng
108 72 14 6 10 210
51,43 34,28 6,67 2,86 4,76 100
Qua dieu tra, tinh hinh tin dung phi chinh thtic tdn tai dudi nhiiu hinh thirc nhu: Vay tu nhan;
choi hue hui; mua chiu vat tu ndng nghiep; ban ndng san non; vay tir anh em, ban be,' Cac hinh thiic nay chilm ty II khac nhau trong mau diiu tra.
Trong sd 210 philu dilu tra thi cd 108 hg vay tir anh em, hg hang chilm ty le 51,43%; day la hinh thiic dl vay nhat vi cd quan he than tdc, quen biet nin cd sy tin tudng cao; cd 72 nguai vay tu nhan (ngudi chuyen cho vay liy lai) chiim 34,28% hinh thiic nay cung rat de vay va vay bit cu: khi nao cung dugc; cd 14 ngudi choi hue hui chiim 6,67%; cd 6 ngudi vay bang hinh thuc ban ndng san non chilm 2,86% va cd 10 ngudi vay muon bing vat tu, phan bdn chilm 4,76%.
3.1.2. Mdt sd chi tiiu thdng ke cda phieu diiu tra
Ngudn; Tinh loan tic sd lieu dieu tra nam 2017
Bang 3. Gia tri trung binh va do lech chuan cua 1 so chi tieu
Danvi. TB/hg Chi tilu
Dien tich dat Trinh do chii h6 Thu nhap So tien vay So nhan khau So lao dong
DVT m^
Nam Trieu dong Trieu dong Nguai Nguai-
Cic gia tri TB va do lech chuan Gia tri TB Dp lech chuan Gia tri TB Do lech chuan Gia tri TB Do lech chuan Gia tri TB Do lech chuan Gia tri TB Dp lech chuin Gia tri TB Dp lech chuan
Tong so (Chung) 7.3«4 4.94 6,181 2,836 146,8 73,72 68,12 44,09 5,31 1,409 2,233 0,514
Tranff diing han 9.864.16 4.843,501 7,832 2,323 177,52 77,522 47,32 17,729 4,6 1,055 2,376 0,591
Tra nff khflng dung h^n 3.688,188
1.844,475 3,753 1,455 101,682 35,348 98,7 52,972 6,353 1,212 2,02 0,266 Ngudn. Tdng hgp tuphiiu diiu tra
Nhin vao bang 3 ta thay, diln tich dat trung binh cua nhdm hg dieu tra la 7,364 m^ tiong do ciia nhdm bd tra no diing han la 9.864,16 m^ va cua nhdm hd tra ng khdng diing ban la 3.688,188 m^. VI tiinh do chii hg, sd nam di hgc trung binh mau dilu tra ciia chu hd la 6,181" nam; trong dd, sd nam di hgc trung binh ciia chu hd nhdm tra ng dung ban la 7,832 nam cdn ciia nhdm hd tia ng
khdng diing ban la 3,753 nam. v i thu nh^p, thu nhap trung binh cua cac hd la 146,8 trieu ddng;
trong dd, thu nhap trung binh ciia nhdm hd tra no diing ban la 177,52 trilu ddng cdn ciia nhdm hd tra ng khdng dung ban la 101,682 tneu ddng. Ve s6 tiln Vay, sd tiln vay trung binh ciia cac hg la 68,12 trilu ddng; trong do, sd tiin vay trung binh cila nhdm hd tra ng dung ban la 47,32 trilu ddng cdn
Tap chi so 28, thang 02-2018, trtfdng Dai hgc Tay Nguyen ISSN 1859-4611 cua nhdm hd tra ng khdng diing han ia 98,7 bneu
ddng. VI sd nhan khau, sd ngudi trung binh cua cac hd la 5,31 ngudi; trong dd, sd ngudi trung binh ciia nhdm hd tta ng diing ban la 4,6 ngudi cdn cua nhdm hd tra ng khdng diing h^n la 6,353 ngudi.
VI sd lao dgng, so lao dgng trung binh ciia cac hd la 2,233 ngudi; trong dd, sd lao ddng trung binh ciia nhdm hd ti-a ng diing han la 2,376 ngudi cdn ciia nhdm hd tra ng khdng diing ban la 2,02 ngudi.
3.1.3. Kit qua chgy mo hinh
Tac gia diing phuong phap Backward Stepwise de dua bien vao md hinh, va kit qua md hinh chi cdn lai 5 biln cd y nghia dd la: Diln tich, trinh do, thu nhap, myc dich vay va lai suat.
3.1.3.1. Kiim dinh vi dg phii hgp long qudt cua md hinh
Bang 4. Cho ta ket qua ki^m djnh do phu hgp cua md hinh lua chgn (Kiem dinh Omnibus)
Chi-
square df Sig.
Step 1 Step Block Model
261.154 5 .000 261.154 5 000 261.154 5 .000 Kit qua cho tiiiy he sd Sig. =0,000 < 0,01 (do tin cay 99%). Nhu vay cac biin ddc lap cd mdi quan he tuyIn tinh vdi bien phu thudc nhu vay md hinh lua chgn la phii hgp.
3 1.3.2 Kit qua phan tich mo hinh hoi quy
Bang 5. Ket qua chay mo hinh
Step Dien tich Trinh dp Thu nhap Muc dich vay Lai suat C
B .001 1.123 .057 -3.169 -7.868 -1.035
S.E.
.000 .520 .029 1,602 3.255 4.078
Wald 3.822 4.670 3.799 3.913 5.841 .064
dt Sig.
.051*
. 0 3 1 "
.051»
.048**
.016**
.800 Eip(B)
1.00!
3.075 1.058 .042 .000 .355 Ghi chu: Nhung bien cd dau *.**ld nhirng biin tuang quan cd y nghia vdi bien khd ndng trd ng diing hgn vd co do tin cay la 90% vd 95%.
Nhin vao kit qua md hinh ta thay, cac biln cd dau phii hgp vdi ky vgng ban dau dat ra. Cd 3 bien tac ddng ciing chieu din kha nSng tra ng diing ban la: Dien tich, trinh do va thu nhap. Cd 2 biln tac
Bang 6. Mo phdng xac suat tra dirgrc ng- dung han
ddng ngugc chilu din kha nang tra ng diing ban la myc dich vay va lai suat vay.
3.1.3.3. Thdo luan ket qua hdi quy
Biln B Md phdng xac suat trd duroc no ddng han khi biin d$c lap thay doi 1 don vi yk xac suit ban dau la %
Dien tich Trinh dp Thu nhap Muc dich vay L3i suit
0.001 1.123 0.057 -3.169 -7.868
1.001 3.074 1059 0.042 0.001
10.01 25.46 10.53 0.46 0.01
20.02 43.45 20.93 1.04 0.02
30.02 56.85 31.22 1.77 0.03
40.02 67.21 41.38 2.72 0.05
50.02 75.45 51.43 4.03 0.08 Ngudn. Tinh toan tit md hinh
Dya vao kit qua md phdng xac suat tra dugc ng diing ban khi cho cac miic xac suat ban dau khac nhau.
Biin dien ti'ch: Gia sir xac suat ban dau tra ng
diing ban la 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% va 50% tiii khi cac yiu td khac khdng ddi, nlu dien tich tang I m^
thi xac suit tra ng diing han la 10,01%; 20,02%, 30,02%; 40:02% va 50,02%.
57
Tap chi s6 28, thang 02-2018, trtfdng D^i hgc Tay Nguyin ISSN 1859-4611 Biln trinh do chii hd: Gia sir xac suat ban dau
tra ng dung han "la 10%;' 20%, 30%, 40% va 50%
thi khi cac yiu td khac khdng ddi, nlu sd nam di hgc cua chii hd tang lln 1 nam thi xac suit tra ng diing ban se la 25,46%; 43,45%; 56,85%; 67,21%
va 75,45%.
Biin thu nhap: Gia sii xac suit ban dau tra ng diing han la 1*0%; 20%, 30%, 40% va 50% tiii khi cac yiu td khac khdng ddi, niu thu nhap ciia hd tang len Itrilu thi xac suit tra ng diing ban la 10,53%; 20,93%; 31,22%; 41,38% va 51,43%.
Biin muc dich vay: Gia sii xac suit ban diu tra ng dung han la 10%; 20%, 30%, 40% va 50%
thi khi cac yeu td khac khdng ddi, nlu cho vay tilu diing thi xac suit tra ng dung h^m \k 0,46%;
1,04%; 1,77%; 2,72% va 4,03%. Ta thiy niu chg vay tilu dimg thi nii ro khdng tia dugc ng la rat cao.
Biin lai suit: Gia sii xac suat ban dau tra ng dimg h^n la 10%; 20%, 30%, 40% va 50% thi khi cac ylu td khac khdng ddi, nlu lai suat vay hang thang tang len 1% thi xac suat tra ng ^ting ban la 0,01%; 0,02%; 0,03%; 0,05% va 0,08%, Nhu vay, nlu lai suat ma tang len thi kha nang khdng tra dugc no la gan nhu 100%.
3.2. Mgt so gidi phap nhdm hgn che rdi ro tin dung phi chinh thuc Mi vdi hg nong dan tren dia bdn huyin Cu M'gar
Dua vao md hinh ta cd thi dy bao xac suat tra ng dung ban ciia hg nhu sau
Gia sir vdi xac sufit ban dau tra ng diing ban Ik 50%), chii hd cd trinh dd lop 9, diln tich dat 7.000 m^, thu nhap la 100 trilu/nam va vay lai suat 2,5%)/
thang, khi dd xac suat tra ng diing ban la:
eV(l -^e^) = 0,891 vly kha nang tra dugc ng diing ban la 89,1% va dy bao nay diing d miic 98,1%. (Hoang Trgng & Chu Nguyin Mong Nggc, 2008)
z = -1,035 +0,00l*dientich+l,123*
trinhdo+0,057*thunhap - 3,169* mucdich vay - 7,868 *laisuat
Gidiphdp chung.
Chuyen tii vay phi chinh thiic sang vay chinh thiic, mudn nhu vay thi can cd cac chinh sach dn dinh nen kinh te vT md nhu kilm soix lam phat nham giiip cac td chiic tin dung tham dinh nang lye tra ng cua ngudi vay chinh xac hon di giam
thilu riii ro va manh dan md rdng boat dgng d khu vuc ndng thdn.
Chinh phii can hudng dan ndng dan diiu chinh CO ciu miia vu hay vat nudi dl tranh hiln tugng thu hoach qua ddn dap trong khi thj trudng diu ra chua dam bao, khiln cho gia ndng san giam manh khi vao vu thu hoach va dan den vi^c ca thu nhap lin kha nang tra ng ciia ngudi dan ndng thdn bj giam sut dang ke.
Khuyin khich thanh lap cac hgp tac xa tin dyng d ndng thdn
Doi vdi ngudi cho vay:
Thir nhat, khi cho vay ddi vdi hd la ngudi DTTS nen cd sy bag lanh ciia mdt ngudi cd uy tin trong lang, Cdn ddi vdi ngudi Kinh, thi nin cho vay theo nhdm tir hai hd trd len, va hai hd nay cd mdi quan he vdi nhau dl hg phai cimg cd trach nhiem tra ng.
Thii hai, nen cho vay cac khoan vay nhd d muc dudi 70 trieu ddng.
Thii ba, cho nhiing hd vay phai cd dJen tich dat tii 7.000 m^ trd len. Han chi cho vay vdi myc dich tieu dimg.
Thii tu, trinh do hgc van la ylu td anh hudng rit Idn din kha nang tra ng ciia hg, vay nen can nhic cho nhiing hd vay chu hd phai cd trinh dg hgc van tu Idp 9 trd lln.
Ddi vdi hd di vay:
Thii nhat, ban chi vay cho muc dich tilu diing va vay sd tiln khdng qua Idn.
Thii hai, cac hg cd gang tim cac ngudn vay tit ngudi than va ban be, neu khdng cd thi tun vay cac ngudn ben ngoai cd miic lai suat dudi 2,5%)/thang.
4. KET LUAN
Qua kit qua nghien cim, chiing tdi thiy viec tdn tai binh thiic tin dung phi chinh thiic la khach quan. No giai quylt dugc nhu cau vl vdn cho hd ndng dan khi khd tiep c^n duoc ngudn vdn chinh thirc. Tuy nhien, hinh thiic tin dung nay tiem an nhilu nii ro, trong tdng sd 210 hd dilu tia cd 85 hd tra ng khdng diing han chiim ty le 40,48%. Trong nghiin ciiu nay chiing tdi ciing tim ra dugc 5 bien cd anh hudng din nii ro tin dyng phi chinh thiic la: Dien tich, trinh do chu hd, thu nhtp, myc dich vay va lai suat. Tren co sd dd, chiing tdi da dl xuat 1 sd giai phap nhim ban chi nii ro trong mdi quan h? tin dung phi chinh thiic nay.
Tap chi so 28. thang 02-2018, trtfdng Dai hgc Tay N g u y i n ISSN 1859-4611
S T U D Y I N G I N F O R M A L C R E D I T R I S K S T O W A R D S T H E F A R M E R H O U S E H O L D S AT C U M ' G A R D I S T R I C T , D A K L A K P R O V I N C E
P h a m T h i O a n h S B u i T h i T h u H a n g S TVan Thi L a n ^ N g u y e n D u e Quyen^
Received Date: 01/01/2018; Revised Date: 15/01/2018; Accepted for Publication: 30/01/2018
S U M M A R Y
Capital is an important factor to the economy development, especially for farmer households, capital for production is very crucial. However, the farmers have some difficulties to access formal and semi- formal credit sources because of lacking hypothecated assets. Therefore, they have to borrow from informal sources. In this reseach, w e study the risk of infomal credit through borrowers' ability to pay on time, w e d o not study the case overnight loans that the interest is calculated by day. The results of the study have found five variables that significantly affect the repayment ability of farmers: area under cultivation, householders' education, h o u s e h o l d s ' i n c o m e , loan purpose and interest rate of loan.
Based on that, the authors also proposed some solutions to limit the risk of informal credit in the area.
Consumer loans restriction; Loans of up to V N D 70 million; loans for farmers who have sponsor; Loans forhouseholds with an area of 7000 ni2 or more.
Keywords: Risks, informal credit, farmer households.
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Dinh Phi Hd (2012), P h u o n g phap n g h i i n ciiu dinh lugng va nhiing nghien ciiu thyc tiln trong kinh t l phat h i i n ndng nghiep, N X B P h u o n g Ddng, TP.HCM.
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2 Master, Faculty of Economics, Tay Nguyen University
Corresponding author. Pham Thi Oanh. Tel: 0982991707, Email: oanhdhtnl [email protected]
