12* NLN-110'3/2013
^ DANH GIA HIEU QUA NANG LlTOTNG CUA DIEU HOA GIA DUNG (PHAN 2)
(TIEP THEO TAP CHI NLN S0109 THANG 1/2013, TR. 9 )
PGS. TS PHAM HOANG LU^QNG,TS. N G U Y E N VIET DUNG, DH Bieh khoa Hi Noi 3.3 Tieu chudn thu* nghiem vd ddnh gia tinh
nang cua OHKK -ISO 5151( TCVN 7831:2007) Ban chit cua phuang phap nay la xay dung hai budng cd kha nang didu khidn ddng thdi nhiet 66- t,°C va dp Im tuang ddi p, % (controlled climat chamtter-testing room). Hai buing nay dup'c cdch nhidt, each Im vdi mdi trudng hen ngoai bing cac tim panel bao dn, each Im. Sau dd didu hoa gia dung cin thu nghiem dugc dua vao cdc budng nay.
Buflng thu nhit gian lanh dugc dgt vao, trong buflng ndy tai nhiet hifin vd nhifit I n duac tao ra bdi cdc thilt bj tao tai gia, thanh ddt hoac bam nhiet, thilt bi tao dm. Bupng con lai dat ddn nong, nhiet dp va dp I m cua buing ndy cung duac dilu khiin va duy tri bdi he thing dilu hda, thanh ddt bd xung vd thiit bj tgo Im/ khu Im. Chi dp nhiet dp, dp dm dung d l kiim 6mh diiu hda gia dung theo ISO 5151:2010 duoc trinh bay d bang 4[6].
Bang 4 Che do nhiet do, do im dung de tiiu nghiim diiu hda gia dung
Thong s6 thu nghidm Nhi^ dp khong khi cip vao phong thi> nghi?m gian Ignh (Indoor side):
Nhi?t dQ kho Nhiet do bau ual Nhigt dQ khong khi cap vao ph6ng thi> nghigm gian Ignh (Indoor side):
Nhigt dQ kho Nhigt dp bau [rc/f
Dilu kien thi> nghigm T1
27°C 19°C
35°C 24°C
T2
21 "C 15°C
zrc
19°C T3
29°C ig^c
46^C 24°C Ghi chu:
T1 Diiu kign thi> nang suit Ignh dung cho vijng khi hgu on hoa (can nhigt ddi, nhigt ddi gio mua),
T2 Dieu kign thiJ nang suit Ignh dung cho vCing khi hgu on ddi,
T3 Dieu kign thu- nang suat Ignh dung cho vung khi hgu n6ng kho (khi h|u sa mgc, xich dao)
^ Dieu Idgn nay chi bit bupc dii vol vigc thCp nghigm gi^n ngung ty dgng ngung ty- bay ho'i
Vdi dieu kifin khi hgu cua nude ta Id khi hdu nhidt ddi gid mCia, dp l m cao quanh ndm, didu kifin thi>
nghlfim thich hdP vd nhifit dd, dO dm theo ISO 5151:2010 (TCVN 7831 ;2007 )la dieu kifin T l .
Tren ca sd cdc d i u do, thilt bj chuyin dli, luu gi&
so lieu va phin mim tinh toan phan ti'ch chuyen dyng cd ttil xac (|nh duac cac thdng s i chinh sau:
Sang 5. Cac thong so chinh cua may diiu ftda dugc xitc dinh qua ihu-nghigm s
TT
1
2
3
Cac thong sd d u ^ c xac djnh qua thi> nghi#m Nang suit Ignh djnh mud dac tmng d dieu kign teu chuan T l / hoac dieu kign quy djnh rieng-Qo
Cong suit difin tifiu thy P a diiu kign tieu chuan Hfi so Ignh COP hogc EER b diiu kign tieu chuin hogc dieu kign khac, may diay toan tai
Phirong phap x4c djnh
Su dyng 'phutyng phap can tiing nhigt buong tHLF nghifim hogc can bang dong enttialpy cua khdng khi (2 phuwig phap chinh)
€)otn,i'ctilp
COP(EER)=Qo/P
Ngoai ra con co t h i xdc ^nh cac thdng s6 khdc nhu' nang suit lanh tinh theo nhi?t hi?n, nang suat lanh tinh theo nhi« In, kha nang hijt Im ci3a diSu hoa, cDng nhu ch6 ao lam lanh toi Sa cua dilu h6a...
Tren cc sa cac thSng s6 nSu tf§n hoan toSn'c6 thi xac dinh cdc tinh nSng cho cac loai BHKK gia dgng, la bu-ac cin thiet Slu tien trong viec dSnh gii hieu qua nang lu'O'ng cho cac ioal dilu hoa nay
3.4. Chi s6 APFICSPF va ban c h i t phirang phap tinh toan-ISO 16353:2012
Vi?c tinh toan cac h? s6 APF/ CSPF (B JiK^c trinh bay rlt ti mi trong cac tai ii$u [15], a day chilnq ta khong lap Igi. Muc feu chinh a day \k phSn tich vl mat ban chat cija chi so ndy.
^ P P ^ C S T L . H S T L CSTE + HSTE
Trong do: CSTL- tdng lu'gng lanh BHKK san xult trong loan mua h6, kJ;
HSTL- ting lugng nhi0t bam nhi?t san xult trong todn mua lanh, kJ; .
CSTE- ting di#n nSng tiSu thM cua BHKK trang todn mCia he,kJ;
HSTE- ting di$n ndng tSu thg cua bom nhi?
trong todn miia dong.kJ.
NLN* 110-3/2013'13 Tuy nhidn trong dieu kidn khi hau cua Viet Nam,
mCia dopg chi cd a mien B^c, ddng thdi sd ngdy ret d miln Bdc c^n phai sudi cung khdng nhieu ch!
khoang 15^-20 ngdy.Do dd d ^ vdi nude ta chi s6 hd s l Ignh hidu qua todn mDa CSPF cd y nghTa dp dung thi/c tien Idn han trong viec xdc djnh h i ^ qua nang lugmg cua BHKK
CSPF CSTL
' c S T E ' (5)
vide npi suy nang suat lanh todn tai phu thudc vao nhi$t dp ngodi trdi T, tir ndng suit Ignh todn tai dudc kilm djnh theo dieu kifn ndu trong bang 6.
Bang 6. Che do thu nghiem xdc anh CSPF[14]
Cd ttil de thay ve mat thCp nguydn CSPF tnJng vdi COP- Tuy nhien dilm khdc biet d day id CSPF la ti sd gi&a tdng luong ignh_0HKK san xult trong todn mCia hd-CSTL chia cho tdng nang luang tieu thu trang todn mua Ufong ung. V nghTa cua chi sd nay chinh Id 0) diing d l so sdnh hidu qua nang luong giua cdc OHKK da cd. Nlu vdi cung mdt didu Iden ben trong nhu nhau (cDng tai Ignh cua tda nhd) vd dat cung trong mgt viing khi hdu, DHKK ndo cd CSPF cao hon se tilt kiem nang luang han, vd mCfC dp tilt kiem tuong ddi giffa hai DHKK trong ca miia chinh Id ti' s6 cua hai he s6 CSPF iufang dng. V nghTa thu (ii) dung de udc lupng ndng lup'ng tieu tiiu cho DHKK trong bdi todn thilt k l mdi, khi bilt tai lanh cua toa nhd, trdn ca sd dd lya chpn DHKK tiiich hpp cho cdng trinh.
Bi tinh CSPF cin thilt phai tinh CSTL va CSTE.
CSTL dup'c tinh b^ng each lay tong cua tai nhiet toa nhd i>ng vdi m3i nhidt dp ngodi trdi ^ nhdn vdi s6 gid vdn hdnh mdy d nhipt dp dd n,. Hinh 2a,b dio vi du v i tfnh CSTL khi biet phan bd nhiet dp ngodi trdi theo bin-nhipt dO- gid.
Dd xdc djnh dudc tai Ignh tuang i>ng vdi cdc nhidt dO ngodi trdi T, ngudi ta su dyng cdc gia thilt dd dup'c trinh bay trong mgc 3.1 kit hp'p vdi
N6I dung
Bi^u ki^n thi>
(Dmh rTH>c_T1)
Di£u kl$n thiF (Trung gian
_T1)
Nhiet dO ngoa tren. [oC]
Nhiet d$ trong 3u6ng khfl/u'6t [oC;
rai [%]
Nhiet dg ngoai tro [oC]
Nhi^t a$ trong 3u6ng khS/ifai (oC]
Fai [%]
^hi$l d9 c3n b i n g khi tai l|inh=C oC)
Thif'i gian lam vi$c [ngdy]
rh&i gian km vi^c
B i t d^u [h]
K^t thOcthl Ci>a
hdng N h a d van
phong
35
27/19
100 35
27/19
50 21
7 8 21
19 7
e
21 17
6 6 20
Sau khi da xdc djnh dup'c tong tai lanh trong todn mOa-CSTL, tdng c6ng suit dipn tieu thy cho toan mCja-CSTE se dudc tinh bdng each lay ting cong suit lanh cua DHKK i>ng vdi nhiet dd ngodi trdi T, chia cho he s6 COPTJ tuang i>ng eua DHKK(Hinh 3). Trong do COPTJ dup'c n6i suy tiF COP cua cdc dilm chudn dupc quy d|nh bdi bang 6.
200
I 100 i 80
17181920212223242526272829303132333435363738
E
Nhi^t ai ngoii tr»i (°C)
111.
17 i: 19 20 21 22 23 24 2S 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 3S 36 37 38 Nhi#t d ? ngoSi troi |°C)
Hinh 2 (a) Phin b6 s6 gr/* v$n hinh DHKK tuang ung vii nhi$t <K ngoii triii; (b) Phin b6 l6ng lii l^nh cOa DHKK Cmg vdi tcmg nhi$t tfO ngoii trdi vi s6 gii) v$n hinh cOa DHKK irong toin mCia tai nhi^t tfO tf(J.
1 4 * NLN-110'3/2013
^m fc J COP-Binh iiiifc 1
iia
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 I Nhiet do ngoai trirt l-C)
Hinh 3. Tinh toan ting di$n nang tiiu thu toin mOa CSTE theo CSTL va COPTJ T6m Igi cd till thay ddnh gia dgc tinh nang luong
txia DHKK bdng chi so hieu qua toan miia -CSPF cho kit qua chinh xdc han cht dOng COP/EER vl dd tinh din cac ylu to thdi tilt, thdi gian van hdnh. ChT s6 ndy eho phdp xdc djnh 2 logi DHKK khac nhau nlu cd cung mdt dieu kien lam lanh nhu nhau, eCing Chung nhipt dp ngoai trdi, DHKK nao se tilt kipm nang lupng hon vd tilt kiem bao nhidu . D l xac cHnh ehl sd CSPF cdn thilt phai xac dinh he sd EER d hai ehl dO 100% tai (full load) va 50% tai (half load) (bang 6). Vipe nay hodn toan cd thd Idm duoc trong cac phdng thu nghiem xdc djnh hd sd EER d chi dp todn tai md khong can bit CLP su thay dli ndo v l edu hinh, bdng cdch ydu clu cac nha san xudt cung cap each cdi dat didu kien 50% tai. Do dd cd till noi vipc xdc djnh he s6 CSPF cho DHKK gia dung Id hodn todn kha thi trong dilu kidn Viet Nam
IV. KfT LUAN
Thj tRfdng DHKK cua Viet Nam Id thi frudng rat giau tiem nang vdi muc dp tang tardng cao khoang 10-12 % mpt nam trong giai dogn 2007- 2011.85^91% doanh sd ban DHKK cua toan thi tnidng id cdc may nhd dgng gia dyng, trong dd logi ban chgy nhdt tap tnjng vdo mdy hai cue cd cdng suat tir 9000-^12000Btu/h. Thj tiifdng may gia dyng hidn nay len tdi 8 trdm nghin chile/ ndm ia con so khdng h i nho. Tdng s l DHKK gia dyng hien dang dupc su dyng d Vi$t Nam la khoang 3,5M tripu chile. Vi vgy DHKK gia dung tieu thy mpt luong dipn ndng khong nhd, rat can duac quan tdm ngiiien cuu vd thOc day cae gial phap TKNL. De Idm dup'c dieu nay rlt d n kilm dinh vd dan nhan tilt kiem ndng
luong cho dilu hda gia dyng. Gidp ngirdi tieu diing va chij dau tu cd cac tfidng tin dd quyet djnh mua logi dilu hda nao cho phD hdP vdi dieu kidn cua nilnh.
I^udn vgy rdt cdn thilt phai cd cdc tieu chuan dDng d l danh gia hieu qua nang luang cDa cdc logi ^lu hda ndy. Qua phdn tich cdc tidu chuSn hl^n cd cQng nhu ydu cau cu t h i cua nude ta cd the thiy sCr dgng hai tieu chuan ISO 5151:2010 vd ISO 16358- 1,2,3:2012 !a thich hdP hon ca. Trong do h/ong duang vdi ISO 5151 Id TCVN 7831:2007, tieu chuin nay eung cdn phai cdp nhdt nhihig thay doi gin ddy.
Cdn lai rat cdn xdy dyng mdt tidu c h u ^ cua Vi$t Nam tiJ^ng duong va tren co sd ISO 16358:2012 dl kip phuc vy cho yeu clu dan nhan ndng luong cho DHKK tir 01/01/2013.
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the meaning of using annual performance factor (APF) or cooling seasonal performance factor (CSPF) for estimate energy efficiency of Air conditioners and the application this method into Vietnamese conditions.
TAI LIEU THAM K H A O
[1] Isawa Satoshi, LyTTu Phuong Trang. Cunent status of Viekiam residential Air-condilioner market The Vi^namJapan WS an Methodok3gyfa-^^malsofAnnueJPBrliyriianceFactorfcrAC.\iJSi 10/2011
[2] U Nguygn Minh. Phu'ang phdp tfnh tiSu thu ^^ ciia he tti6ng BHKK. B3o c6o t^i HOi thao' Si> -dgng hi^u qui vi ti4t ki?m nang lirgng trong Rnh v\jrc OHKK'-HA N«i-12/20i0 [3] P.H. Lu-o-ng, N.V DOng, LN. Anh, N.N. An. Thj truemg dihu hba khfing khi cua V]^t Nam vd phiromg phdp ddnh gi^
hi^u qua ndng lircmg cOa OHKK gia dgng. Bdo cdo t9> H0<
thao' Si> -dgng hi$u qud vd tiSt ki$m ndng Idgrng trong Knh vg'cDHKK'-Hd N$i-12/2010
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