B/U BAO KHOA HOC
Slf KHAC BIET GiffA flONG C0 BAT THANH TJCH VA XU H M TINH CACH CUA VAN BUNG VIEN VU CU TRUYEN VIET NAM
VA VAN BUNG VIEN WUSHU TRUNG QUOC
L§ Thj My H^nh*
T o m tat: \ Nghien c u u da chon dung bang 16PF va IDI AT de do l u d n g tinh cdch tam ly dgc i r u n g va d^ng
CO thanh tich cua vgn dOng vien vd t h u | t hai n u d e Trung Qudc v^ Vipt Nam. khdm phci nhOng m6j quan h$ cua nd vdi dpng c a d g i thanh tich van dpng vien vd thugt ciia Trung Qudc vd Vi$t Nam—
njt ra d u p e : Odi vdi s y khdc bi^t gii>a dpng c a dgt th^nh tich vi xu h u d n g tinh cdch ciia VOV VI c d truydn Vipt Nam va VDV Wushu Trung Quoc tdn tgt s y khdc bidt dang k^ Mirc d d tdng [hi cui dOng c a Ihgnh tich ciia nam vgn ddng vien cao h o n so vdi nu- v ^ n dpng vidn
T i r K h o d : vgn dpng vien vd thuat; tinh each iSm ly cd nhdn. d d n g c o thdnh lich..
The d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e e n g i n e i n v o l v i n g a c h i e v e m e n t a n d p e r s o n a l i t y t r e n d of V i e t n a m e s e m a r t i a l arts a n d C h i n e s e W u s h u a t h l e t e s
S u m m a r y :
After localizing and testing of the questionnaire, the 16PF and IDIAT scale were used lo test I N psychological charactensties of personality and achievement motivation of martial arts athlete Ir China and Vietnam, the correlation analysis and variance analysis methods were adopt to analysN the test outcome. The results are shown:There are significant differences in degreeofcorrelatioi between most of the dimensions of personality and achievement motivation in wushuathletes Men' overall level of achievement motivation is significant higher than w o m e n
K e y w o r d s : martial arts athletes; individual psychological characteristics, achievement motivation
DAT VAN D^ ddn ddnh mgnh mg, dpt xual cd the ldm ddi Cimg vdi sy phdt tnen nhanh chdng ciia cdng phuang dau, choang vdng ho$c ban nira Id ngil nghp the ihao hipn dgi vd sy cdi thipn khdng xiu, md tat ca nhimg dieu ndy deu Id nhung y^u ngimg cua thanh tich, dau irudng the thao ngdy td quan trpng dan den sy phdl sinh bidn hod cdc cang khdc lipt, ddc bi^t Id ddi vdi \ 1 ) \ eap cao. trgng thdi tdm ly. Do dd, VDV mudn gidnh sy khae btvM tir ndng lyc the chat den trinh dp ky chien thdng, ngoai vipc cd mpt trinh dp ky chi^
thugt nga\ cdng nhd Igi, thi vipc thang thua thugt Idt, van phai can cd ky ndng tam Iy iing thudng se phy thupc vdo sy manh yeu vc ndng phd tdt, md ky nang tdm Iy img phd lot lgi cd lyc tam ly cua hp. lien quan mgt thidt vdi tinh each tdm Iy d$c
\ d thugi la mdn ddi khdng trye tiep, dp lyc tnmg ciia Vi)\ Tinh cdch lam ly d$c tnmg la tam ly cao la mpt trong nhiimg d$c diem ciia thanh phan ca the bicu hipn luang dni dn dinh mdn na>, Trong Ihi dau \d thugt. dpng tdc bi^n trong xa hpi, bao gdm ndng lyc, khi ch4l vd linh hod khdng ngimg, chien thugt phuc tgp nhi^u each. Sy hinh thdnh tinh each lam ly ddc tnmg dgng. Trong qud trinh thi dau khdc lipt, tdc dp tuong ddi dn djnh, nhung kei cdu tinh cdch ldm Id >eu id quyet dinh chien thdng hay that bgi. ly d§c tnmg khdng tdn lai IU'K lgp. nd ehju sy trong mpt thdi gian ngdn, \ 0 \ ' phdi ra quyci rdng bupe ciia cdc xu hudng tinh cdch. Nhu djnh hdnh dpng nhanh chdng \ a chinh xdc, moi ndng lyc va tinh cdch irong dpng co, ly ludng...
•TS. Truing Ogi hpc TDTT Tp HA Chl Minh
wninaiiiuiTBiiinu - sd BAC BiCT/zsu Thuc day tac dyng hinh thanh, dn dinh hodc lai
bien ddi ciing can dya vao dpng co, ly tirdng ...
cp chc mdi bieu hipn dupe. Cd hai kim ham nhau. tuong tac Ian nhau. lam cho ca nhan bieu hipn ra tinh nhai qudn ciia thdi gian vd hoan canh. phan dnh hanh vi cd nhan. Dgc trung tinh cdch cd nhan ciia \ ' D \ ' vdi thdnh tich the ihao ciia hp cd mdi quan hp chgt ehe, chdng hgn loai hinh hogt dpng than kinh trong vipc thu thgp thdng tin ciia VDV, phdn tich va xii ly, danh gia tinh hinh. dy bao. ra quyet djnh. tu duy dpng tac chinh xdc va nhgy ben... va do dd, qua trinh na\
cd mpt vai trd rat quan trpng.
PHl/ONG P H A P N G H I C N CUfU
Qud Irinh nghien cuu sir dung cdc phucmg phap sau: Phuang phdp dpc vd phan tich tdi licu; Phuang phdp khdo sat dieu tra.
Nghien ciiu diing bang hdi 16 PF vd IDIAT phien bdn Trung Qudc vd phien ban \iei Nam de ticn hdnh dicu tra ddi vdi \ an ddny vd thugt cd truyen Vipt Nam \ a \ n \ ' Wushu uu tii Trung Qudc. Phan lich cdc d$c diem tam ly cd nhan cua hai nhdm \'D\' va mdi quan hp cua nd \'di dpng CO dgt thdnh lich.
3. Phuang phdp Ihdng ke sd li?u: Tat ca cdc sd lipu dupe ticn hdnh xir ly trcn mdy linh vdi ph4n mdm SPSS 17.0, bao gdm: Phan tich dp tin c$y npi tgi (Internal Consistent Reliabilitt AnalvMsi chung ldi lien hdnh quay Cronbach alpha: Phan tich thdng ke md Id (Desenpii\e Analysis) vd K.iem dinh gia thu\ei thong ke (slalistical hypolhesi>. lest); Phdn tich du liC"u nhdm de khdng djnh, di- -<o sdnh vdi phdn Iich dii lipu de khdm phd.
C dni! cy do ludng trong nghien ctm nay la dimg bdng hoi tdPF vd IDIAT. diing de do ludng nhihig d$c trung linh cdch \a dpng co ihanh tich ciia \ 1^\' X'ii-t Nam \;i Taing Qudc.
16PF: Thii nghipm l6PF(PerMinalii> Factor Questionnaire) do gido su ngudi M> Camell Igi Dgi hpc bang Illinois nghien euu \e tinh cdch
^ a kha ndng sogn nen.
IDIAT H;ing hoi do ludng sy khdc biel ciia cd nhdn \e \u hudng ihdnh tich (IDIAT) i \ Quc^tlonnai^c Measure of Individual Difference m Achio\ mg Tendency) do Mehrabkin da.i trcn bang hdi do sy mgnh > eu dpng co ihanh tich cd nhan cua Atkinson vd t> lugn xdy dyng dpng ca
thdnh tich de tien hanh danh gid.
Khach ihe nghien ciiu: Nghien cuu da lya chpn 1 -4 \ D \ \ d thudt cd tniyen xuat sac.
trong ddcd 55 \ D \ nirvdi 1 5 0 \ D \ uutucua Wushu Trung Qudc trong dd cd 65 \ D \ ' nir, bao gdm hai ndi dung thi dau quyen ihugt \ a thi dau ddi khdng.
Tdng sd phieu phdng van phat ra Id 2^0 phieu, thu \e la 2S4 phieu, trong dd sd phieu hpp Ip Ia2s4. ti Ip thu hdi chiem 97.^^.^''o. va sd hpp le ciing chiem 97.93%.
KET QUA NGHIEN CliTU VA BAN LUJBLN Sau khi nen hdnh phdng \an \ D \ ' ciia 2 nude, thdng qua cac budc xii ly eae thdng sd, chung tdi ticn hdnh kiem djnh gid thuyet Ihdng ke (statistical h\pothesis test) de phan tich kiem nghipm ^u khdc bipt giihi dpng co dgt thanh tich (gdm theo dudi thanh cdng, ne trdnh that bgi, tdng Jiem dong ca) vdi 16 xu hudng tinh cdch d 2 npi dung thi ddu quyen thugt vd ddi khang ciia nam - nii: \'D\ \ d cd truyen Vipt Nam vd
\'D\' Wushu Trung Qudc. Kei qua dupe irinh bay tir bang I tdi bang 4.
Kel qua tir bang I tdi bang 4 cho thay:
Tinh thdng minh chi ndng lyc hpc igp va irinh dp vdn hod. thirdng dupe xem Id cd nang lyc hpc tap idL trinh dp vdn hod cao, cd Idng ty trpng vd ty tin mgnh me, hp ihicn nhieu hem dc Iheo dudi thdnh tich cao hon. tdt ban. 0 nir VDV ddi khdng, sy tuang quan giira VDV Vi?t Nam han dang ke so vdi \'D\' Trung Qudc, Iy do cd the Id:
Vd cd Iruyen Vipt Nam van dang Irong giai dogn dau ciia sy phdl trien. nhd nude vd xa hpi nhan mgnh phdt trien rimg ngay ddi vdi vd cd Iruyen, tdng cudng dau lu trang tat cd cae khia cgnh ciia ngudn nhan lyc vd eo sd vgl chat, va VDV cd y thirc phdt Irien loan dipn. dicu ndy cho ph6p mpt bp phgn \ D\ trinh dp cao ndng cao sy khae bipt
\ e vdn hod ciia chinh minh, thdng qua nhicu cdch de hieu bi^ the gidi ben ngodi, cd nhthig ycu cdu cao ban cho chinh minh; vd V OV cua Trung Qudc cd trinh dp \dn hod dang trong giai dogn hoan chinh kicn thuc. do vgy khdng cd sy khdc bipt ddng kc trong vipc hpc tgp vdn hua. dong thdi lai Trung Qudc. do lich sir phdl tncn Idu ddi cua mdn Wushu \a su phdt Iricn cao dp cua npi dung thi ddu ddi khang hipn nay, nhicu ycu id dnh hudng mirc dp dpng co thco dudi thdnh lich.
BAIBUnNMHOC
B i n g 1. S l / k h i c bi^t v4 mi>c dp t m r n g quan gii>a nam v$n d^ng v<4n quy^n thu$t Vift Nam vd Tmng Qu6c (z)
Shiil tinh Thong minh On djnh Co chap Hung phan cao
Kien nhan Dung cam Nhay cim Da nghi Tuong nrpng
Khon kh6o Loau Thir nghicm
E)QC lap Ky luat Cing th^g
Theo duoi thanh cong -0.031 -0.207 0.08 0.612 -0.314 0.467 -0.082 -0.875 -0.272 0.108 0.172 0.981 -0.386 0.571 -0.53 0.056
Ne tiinh that bai 0.036 -0.359 -0.241 1.043 -0.082 0.005 -0.379 -1.071 0.671 0.0715
-0.67 0.555 0.981 -0.688 0.376 0.41
Tong diem d^ng ca -0.059 0.39"
0414 -0 521 -0.115 0.42 0.296 0.175 -0.82 0.099 0.651 0.192 -1.175 0.941 -0.567 -0.236
Chu y Z>^ 66, P<0.5. h$ s6 ti/ang quan khdc nhau ddng ki. cdc bdng sau tuong tv
Bdng 2. S y khdc bl^t v i mi>c dd tiromg quan gifpa nam v$n d^ng vi§n ddi khdng Vl^t Nam vd Trung Qudc (z)
Nhi?t linh Thong minh
On djnh Co chap Hung phan cao
Kien nhan DQng cam Nhd\ cam Da nghi Tirong tuijmg
Khon kheo Loau Thir nghiem
Doc l^p K\ luul Cang ihang
Theo duoi thanh cong -0.46 -0.083 0.597 0.839 -0.138 0.008 0.486 0.325 0.258 0.171 I.OIK -0.127 0.882 -1.235 -0.514 -0.831
N6 trinh that bai 1.143 -1.257 -1.024 0.2978 0.39 -0.389
0.288 -0.577 -0.523 -1.251 -0.474 0.125 -0.947 -0.579 0.219 -0.391
Tong dicm dyng ca -1.322
0.841 1,273 0.363 -0.453 0.217 0.194 0.591 0.557 1.123 1.103 -0.194 1.489 -0.259 -0.54(1 -0.279
WTIIWllUmiUliTWII -saBJICBltT/MU
Bing 3. S v ktiic b i ^ vi muc d$ tuwng quan giira nir v i n dpng viin d6i khing Vift Nam v i Trung Quoc (z)
Nhiel tmh Thong minh
On djnh Co chap Himg phan cao
Kien nhan Diing cam Nhay cam Da nghi Tuang tuong
Khon kheo Lo au Thit nghicm
Dfc lap Ky luat CJbig Ihing
Thco duoi Ihanh cong -0.625
1.999 1.199 0.138 -0.046 1.665 0.937 1.449 -0.384
1.159 -1.026 -1.099 1.253 -0.356 0.215 -0.54
Nc tranh that bai -0."5S
0.003 -1.811 -1.258 -1.791 -0.666 -1.129 0.479 0.484 -0.88 0.249 2.091 -0.984 -0.468 -0.725 1.237
Tong diem dong co n.233
0.96 2.176 1.419 1.493 1.107 1.451 0.267 -0.295 1.413 -0.619 -2.187 1.631 0.051 0.612 -1.344
Bdng 4. Sv khdc bi$t v4 mi>c d$ ttro'ng quan gli>a ni> v$n ddng vidn quyin thu$t Vi$t Nam vd Trung Qudc (z)
Nhiel tinh Thong minh
On djnh Co chap Hung phan cao
Kien n h ^ Dung cam Nhay cim Oa nghl Tuong tuvnie
Khon k h i o L o i u Thir nghifm
D f c l j p Ky lual C i n g Ihing
Theo duoi thanh cong 0.881 -1.283 -0.328 0.189 -0 566 0.1)54 (1 y92 1 4'?1 -0.{>22 -0.163 -0 277 0 5-S O h i : II "4(15
0 466 0.264
Nc Irinh that bai 0.263 -0.891 -0.939 0.028 0.258 -0.865 0.268 0.13 -0 051 -0 497 U.S22 0.379 -0.329 0.984 -0.319 -0.478
Tong dicm dgng ca 0.482 -0.137 0.567 0.26 -0.375
0.809 0.043 0.862 -0 281 11.161 -1.109 -0.057 0.702 -0.334 0.75 0.563
BAI BAO KHOA HOC
M vay mdi tuong quan giua kha ndng tri tue vdi thco Juni thanh tich ciia nir VD\ Jdi khang t h ^ hon so vdi Vict Nam.
Muc dp tuong quan giihi tinh dn dinh vdi \u hudng ne tranh that bai ciia nu \'D\ ddi khdng Trung Qudc cao hon \iet Nam. dieu nay cd the do vd thuat Trying Qudc cd si; phat trien lau dai hon, doi khdng cang la npi dung the thao phat trien cao hon ciia thi trudng trong nude, nhimg nam gan day. su phdt trien ciia nen kinh te thi trudng XHCN trong nude da tao dieu kipn va CO hpi phdt tncn cac mdn the thao thi dau mpt cdch todn dipn. ddng thdi. dinh hudng myc tieu CO ban trong huan luypn tuong ddi cao. \ D\' Tmng Qudc cd nhu cau cao nhu \ ay. cdng chu y vdo vipc ne trdnh that bai. Nguiri cd tinh dn dmh cao cdm xiic dn dinh md trudng thdnh, cd kha nang ddt mat vdi thuc te. thdng ihudng thdi dp trudng thanh dc ddi phd vdi thuc tc cua van dc. d^ng \'I)\' nay khdng phai phan dau cao.
theo dudi thanh tich khdng th\rc te, ma thien \ c nc trdnh thai b^i nhieu hon.
ThOr hai. \ l)\' kicn nhan cao Id ngudi kien tri.
trdch nhi?m, thye hipn \tTi s[f tich cyc Thudng CO ndng luc tu giac hoan thdnh nhiC'm vy t^p luypn. cd bdt ddu cd kel thiic, khdng php thupc ngudi khdc giam sdt, cung khdng nhat djnh cdn su ho trp ciia xd hpi mdi cd tv tin t^p luypn ho§c Ihl dau. \ d cd truyen \'ici Nam dang cd budc phat tricn mdi. Chinh phii V'tC't Nam cdng h\
vpni; vd cd truyen cd mpi su phdt trien cao hon
\:i ii")i hon, khuyen khich cac VDV tu Mrc.rt qua chinh minh. \i va\ VON nir Vipt Nam cd the phai ddi mjt \di hipn tr^g hipn nay. nhieu xu hudng thdch thuc Jc ket qud tdt hon. \ i \ a> tinh dn dinh \ m tdng diem dpng co ciia nuf \ l)\' doi khdng \i?i Nam. tinh kien nhan vdi xu hudng theo dudi thdnh licti cdng cd y nghTa hon.
\IUL dp tuong quan giira dpng co thanh tich ciia cdc nam S'DS' qii>cn thual, ddi khang Trung Qudc \a \ii;i Nam \a nii: \'DV quydn thu^t ciia Trung Qudc va S'\^{ Nam vdi cac chi^u hudng tinh each khdng cd su khdc bipt ddng k^. Cd the la do muc dp phat trien ciia ndn kinh t^ Vipt Nam dii chua th^t phat trien. nhung hdng ndm Nlia nude deu danh cho dpi tuydn di lap hudn.
Ciing vdi Trung Qudc. Vict Nam ciing Id mpt nude XHCN. cd hp thdng the thao gan gidng (Bdi npp ngay 04/11/2014, phan bien
nhau, theo hp thdng loan qudc. theo hi; thdng nay cdc \ n \ dupe dao lyo rpng rai nidi each phii hpp. dieu ndy dan den muc dp luong quan gii>a dpng co thdnh tich ciia \ ' 0 \ ' \d ihu^l hai nude \di Ciic chieu hudng tinh cdch khdng cd su khiic bipt dang ke.
KET LUAN
Nghien ciru da chpn dimg bdng I6PF vd IDIAT de do ludng dnh each lam K d$c tnmg vd dpng CO thanh tich cua \'D\' vd ihu^l hai nude Trung Qudc vd \ict Nam. kham pha nhihig moi quan hp ciia nd \ di dpng ca d^l thanh lich VDV vd thu^t hai nude, nit ra d u ^ ket lu^n: Doi vdi mirc dp tutmg quan cua cdc chicu hudng tinh each vdi dpng co thdnh tich. S'DS' Wushu Trung Qudc va Vn\' \'o Co Tm\en Vipt Nam ton i^i s^
khdc bipt ddng kc a cac chicu hudng tinh cdch ihdng minh, tinh dn djnh. kien nhan, lo au, hung phan cao. Cdn cac chieu hudng tinh each khae muc dp hrang quan khdng khdng ddng ke. Dpng CO thdnh tich ciia nam \ I 3 \ ' cao hon so \di ni VDV. dicu nay cd the khdng chi do Ijch sir phdt incn mdn vn ciia hai nude Trung - Vipt, sir khae bipt vc mirc dp phdt tricn, md cdn la su khdc biv'i
\c d$c Irung Iinh each sdc ipc ciia nhan dan hai nude cung nhu sv khae bipt cd lien quan vc phucmg Jicn phdt trien kinh tc - xd h^i.
TAI LI^U THAM KHAO
1. WillamsJ.M Personality characteristics of Ihe successful female athlete, In W.F.Straub (Ed). Sport psychology. An analysis of athlete behaviour [M|.2dcJ (pp.353-359). I Ihaca. NY' MouvemenI Publications, 1980,353-359.
2.TatIcrficld CR Competitive sport and personality dcvelopment[M]. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Uni\crsity of Durham. 1971.
3. Dulbcrg H.N, Bcnncii F.w. lN>chological changes In early adolescent males induced by sysicmalic exercJsefJj.American ( orrcclivc TherapyJourmal I''SO.M. l-t:-l4ft.
4. ^^/j>3.Uii^'0^-r^\S]]Jithi:hV^X
¥lll)i6H,2003:21l-2l5.
5. -'Mm. # x ; § . ^<r-ifSLff)Li^j^m}i t-i"]iaj[Ji. 'omt^'f-ioo], :4(i,.
ngiy 11/11/2014. duy^l in ngdy 25/11/2014)
