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THlTC TRANG VA PHlJCfNG H U ^ N G
PHAT TRIEN CUA THI TRlJCfNG THlTC PHAM AN TOAN VIET NAM HIEN NAY
• NGUYEN TUdNG MINH
TOM TAT:
Mffc sd'ng cua ngffdi dan Viet Nam ngay cang tang cao, di kem vdi dd la nhffng ddi hoi ngay cang khat khe do'i vdi sff an toan cua cae loai thffc pha'm phuc vu nhu cau an udng hang ngay.
Nhan bid't dffdc nhu cau dd, trong nhffng nam gan dSy, mdt loat cac thffdng hidu thffc phS'm sach, thffc pham an toan, thffc pham hffu ed... ra ddi dd dap ffng nhu eau cua ngffdi lidu diing. Tuy nhien, cung chinh sff ra ddi d at cua eac thffdng hidu nay lai din dd'n nhffng tdn tai ba't cap ciia ihilrffdngthffcphaman toan, nhir: that-gia khd phan bidl, sff hoai nghi lieu cd an loan nhir mong ddi, thdng tin thffc pham heu cd dang tin cay, chi danh cho ngifdi giau.. Tff thffc trang nay, nghien cffu chi ra mdt so phffdng hirdng nham phat trie'n thi trirdng thu'c pha'm an loan d Viet Nam trong thdi gian tdi.
Tfif khoa: Thi trffdng, thffc pha'm an loan, thffc trang, phat trien thi trffdng thffc pha'm an toan.
1. Thi trffofng thffc ph^m an toan d Viet Nam Thirc pham an toan la mpt khai mem ra ddi kha lau d cac nu'dc phu'dng Tay tff nhffng nam 40 eiia the ki Irffdc (Klonsky and Tourte, 1998). Theo dd, thire pha'm an toan cd ngudn gd'c tff eac san pham hffu ed. Mac dii cd nhieu nghidn cffu ve thffc pham an toan nhffng van chffa eo mdt sff thdng nha't eao giffa cae nha nghidn cffu ve dinh nghia thffc pham an toan va thffdng dffdc dinh nghia bdi cac dau hidu, dac tinh ve mat sinh hpc, nhff: dffdc san xuat tif nhien, san pha'm xanh, than thidn vdi mdi tru'dng, san pha'm ben vffng va sff dung hffu han cac chat hda hpc nhan tao.
Thi tru'dng thu'c pha'm an loan d Viel Nam sau mpt giai doan phat trien tffdng dd'i nhanh, nay dang ed da^u hidu eham lai. Mac dii, thffc phim an loan dffdc danh gia la san pha'm an loan cho sffc khoe, than thidn vdi mdi trffdng.., le ra se phai cd nhffng bffdc phat trien nhanh, manh va dn dinh, nhffng
thffc Id didn bidn tren thi trirdng lai khdng nhff mong ddi. Theo ba Dmh Thi My Loan - Chii tich Hiep hdi Ban le Viet Nam, thffc pha'm an loan dang trai qua mot giai doan khd khan, eham phat trien do mpt loat cae nguyen nhan, nhff: thid'u tidu chuan san xua't, ngffdi lieu dung va ngay ca cac nha ban le khd truy xua't dffdc ngudn gd'c san pha'm, khd tim hieu dffdc quy Irinh san xua'l , (Thanh Giang, 2018). De hieu difde nguyen nhan ciia nhffng ba't cap nay, tae gia da tie'n hanh tim hidu mdt each can ke thi tru'dng thirc pham an loan ke tff ngay dau hinh Ihanh va phat trien cho tdi nay.
2. S\i hinh thanh va phat trien ciia thi trffdng thffc pham an toan d Vidt Nam
Sff hinh thanh ciia thffc pham an toan da bat dau tif giffa nhffng nam 90 ciia the' ki trffde, mang tinh Iff nhien nhieu hdn la phii hdp vdi tidu chuan eiia eac td chffe quoc te' ve thffc pha'm an toan nhff IFOAM. , va khdng phai xua't phat tff thi irffdng
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trong nffdc, ma do phuc vu eho thi trffdng xua'l khau. Hau he't cac san pha'm an loan deu la khai thac Iff tff nhidn, vdi cac san pham nhff: gia vi cac loai, mat ong, tinh dau, thao dffdc cac loai...
(Nguydn Van Bd, 2017), che va rau an toan cua Cdng ty Ecolink, Hanoi Oganic (theo Hiep hdi Ndng nghiep an toan Viet Nam) (Nguydn Van Bd, 2017). Sau do, bat ngudn tff sff "sd hai" cua ngu'di ddu diing vdi linh trang ihffc pham khdng dam bao an loan d thi tru'dng Vidt Nam, cac nha san xua't da phai tim hffdng mdi cho thu'c pha'm la thffc pha'm an toan.
Trdn thffc te', chi can vao Google, danh iff khda
"thirc pham ban", cd tdi hdn 17 tridu kd't qua dffdc Ira ve chi trong 0,47 giay. Nhffng phat bid'u ciia eac chuydn gia, nhffng ngirdi ndi tid'ng ve thffc pha'm ban tham ehi edn trd thanh cau effa mieng cua nhieu ngffdi lieu diing, nhff: "eon dffdng tff da day den nghTa dia eiia moi ngffdi chung la chffa bao gid ngan va dl dang the'" didu nay dffdc chffng minh bdi so' vu ngd ddc thffc pha'm d mrdc ta dang d mffc eao (Hinh 1).
Cd the tha'y, sd' vu ngd doe thffc pha'm d nffdc la ed xu hffdng giam, ca ve sd' ngffdi mac va sd' vu, nhffng sd' ngffdi che't thi liic tang, liic giam. Thdm
vao do, luy xu hu'dng giam nhffng van ghi nhan d mffc cao, vdi hdn 3.869 ngffdi mac vao nam 2017.
Dd la chffa kd', nhidu loai thffc pha'm dpc hai, nhffng khdng phat lac ngay ma nga'm tff tff vao cd thd' ngffdi tidu dung, tich luy va gay benh ve sau, trong dd didn hinh nha't la ung thff, mpt loai benh dffdc dff bao la se sdm trd thanh dai dich eiia Viet Nam va cd nguyen nhan chinh xua't phat tff thifc pha'm ba'n (Da Thao, 2017). Trffde tinh hinh dd, ngffdi tieu ddng da phai tim each Iff bao ve minh bang vide tim kid'm nhffng thffc pham an loan cho ban than va gia dinh. Nhffng thuat ngff s^n phim an toan, thffc pham an loan dan trd ndn phd bid'n hdn va cac san pha'm nay ngay cang thu hiit dffdc sff ehu y cua ngffdi lidu dung Viet Nam, dac bidt la ngffdi tidu dling thanh thi. Tff khda "Thffc phlm an toan " dffdc Google tra ve vdi hdn 96 tridu ke't qua Irong 0,73 giay la mpt minh chffng eho didu nay.
Theo bao cao ciia Ipsos Business Consuhing, nam 2016, khai quat vd thffc trang ciia thi irffdng thu'c pham an loan d Viet Nam c6 the ehia lam 2 muc ehinh:
Thd nhd't: Ve linh hinh san xua'l. Dd'n nam 2014, Vidt Nam da cd 43,01 nghin ha da't san xua't ndng nghidp an toan (Hinh 2).
W/n/j /; Tmh hitih ngp <3dc thifc pham tgi Viet Nam qua cac nam
6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000
0
1111
2014iSovu ngodgcthirc phim • S6 ngu'di ngo doc thifc phim BSengLfcyich^t Nguon: Tdng hop cua tdc gid (Chuyen. 2015. The Cong. 2017}
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Hinh 2: Dien tich dat nong nghiep an toan qua cac nam
45 40
15 11.12
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Nguon: ADDA d Viet Nam. Ddn Iheo FiBL vd IFOAM. 2016
Vdi td'e dp phat trien nhanh chdng, didn tich da't ndng nghiep an loan cua Viet Nam da dffng thff 56/172 nffdc tren the gidi, dffng thff 3 trong khd'i eae nffdc Dong Nam A (Ipsos Business Con- sulting, 2016) Tuy nhidn, didn lich da't ndng nghidp an toan mdi chie'm mdt ti le ra't nhd trong tdng so' 26,8 trieu ha da't ndng nghidp ciia Viet Nam, vdi tdng so' 33/63 tinh, thanh phd' cd san xua't ndng nghidp an loan. Vidt Nam la nffdc ndng nghidp, cd nen san xua'l ndng nghiep lau ddi, tiem nang san xua't san pha'm an loan ndi ehung va thire pham an loan van cdn ra't Idn
Thd hai: Ve thi Irffdng thffc pha'm an loan. Thi trffdng san pha'm an toan ciia Vidt Nam hidn van phuc vu xua'l kha'u la chinh vdi hdn 550 tridu Euro (nam 2014). Thi trurdng ndi dia chii yd'u la ihffc pham, rau qua an loan vdi doanh thu ffdc linh tren 2 tridu Euro (nam 2014). Tong gia tri thi trffdng thffc pham an toan ciia 2 linh thanh phd'Idn la Ha Npi va TP. Hd Chi Minh khoang 400 ty ddng/nam (Thanh Giang, 2018). Trong khi, chi lieu eho sffc khoe ciia ngifdi tidu ddng Viet Nam dang cd dau hidu tang, trung binh la tren 6% thu nhap, dae biet la ed dd'n 47% ngffdi tieu diing Viet ngay eang quan tam tdi thffc pha'm tffdi va iff nhien (Nielsen,
2014). Nhff vay, tiem nang phat tnen thu'c pham an toan d Vidt Nam cdn ra't Idn.
3. Mot so'ton tai cua thj trffdng thifc phS'm an toan d Viet Nam hidn nay
3.1. Thde phdm an todn thgtgid khd phdn bi^t Cd mot ihffc le la ngffdi tieu dilng ra't khd phan bidt du'dc dau la thtfc phS'm an loan that, dau la thffc pha'm ddi Id't thffc pha'm an loan. Mac du ngu'di lidu dung s5n sang tra mdt mffc gia eao hdn de hi vong vao mdt san pham cd cha't Iffdng td't hdn, bang each llm de'n nhffng ndi ban thffc pha'm vdi gia cao, nhff sieu thi, nhffng van chffa chac chan vi thffc te' da c6 nhieu vu vide tra trdn rau khdng an loan vao sieu thi da bi phanh phui mac dii cac san pha'm dd deu ed gSn mac la an toan (Lan, 2016).
Gan day nha'l, cd thd ke de'n cae vu viec cua sieu ihi Fivtmart, mdt trong cac he thd'ng sieu thi Idn va da tdn tai kha lau d Viet Nam. Sau sff phan anh ciia ngffdi tieu dung, phdng vidn Bao Ngffdi tieu dling da de'n trffc tie'p cac sidu thi Fivimart de tac nghiep, ke't qua la hau hd't cac mat hang hoa qua, thffc pha'm va mdt so' dd gia dung hoan loan khdng cd tem mac xua'l xff, mdt sd'khay thffc pha'm edn khdng ed ca thdi han sff dung.,, (Thanh,
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2018). Mdt loat cac sidu thi Idn khac nhff Metro, BigC, Ocean Mart, Citimart... deu da bi phat hidn cac vu viec tffdng Iff tff nhidu nam trffde, nhff:
Coop Mart, Metro, Big C ban cha ca thffdng hidu
"Hai chi em" bi nhidm khuan; sieu ihi BigC ban Ihit Idn gao; sidu thi Minh Hoa, sieu thi Citimart, Le's Marl ban rau vdi gia ra't cao, dffdc gan mac la rau an toan, nhffng thffc te' la do mdt cdng ty mua rau "trdi ndi" trdn thi trffdng ve gan mac rau an loan, tham ehi cdn mua ea rau cii Trung Qud'c irai vu, Cling ve gan mac rau an toan roica'p vao he thd'ng cac sieu thi tren.
Sff nhap nhang cua cac sidu thi mot phan la do ngirdi lieu diing khdng the phan bidt dffdc d3u la thffc pha'm "sach" va dau la thffc pha'm "bin", hp chi edn bid't trdng mong vao uy tin va Iffdng tam ciia ngffdi ban, nhffng dffng trffde mffc Idi nhuan khiing do nhffng hanh vi gian dd'i mang lai, cae sieu thi vln "san sang" Iffa dd'i khach hang.
Dieu dd lam cho thi trffdng thffc pham sach, thffc pham an loan d Viet Nam Ihffc sff gap nhieu khd khan khi niem tin eua ngffdi lieu dung vdi cac san pha'm nay khdng cdn nhidu.
3.2. Thde phdm an todn cd thiic sff tot nhU mong ddi
Mot trong nhffng ban khoan Idn nha't ciia ngifdi tieu dung la san pham thffc pha'm an toan dd cd Ihffe sir la td't? Ben canh ra't nhieu cac thdng tin ihifc pha'm an loan la td't cho sffc khoe, nhidu cha't dinh dffdng, an loan... thi v§n cdn nhieu chuyen gia Idn tie'ng canh bao "chffa cd chffng cff khoa hoc rd rang de chffng minh thffc pha'm an toan td't hdn thffc pha'm thdng thu'dng" (Thoai, 2015) (dSn theo phat bieu ciia John Krebs Chii tich Food Standard Agency), Cung theo Thoai (2015), eac nghien cffu mang tinh "dai hdi" ciia nhidu vidn ndng nghiep 6 Anh va MT, deu khang dinh la
"khdng cd gi khae biet" giffa ihffc pha'm an toan va thffc pha'm thdng thffdng (Thoai, 2015). Tuy nhien, thuai ngff "thdng thffdng" d Viel Nam va 6 cac nffdc phffdng Tay nhff Anh, MT la khae nhau.
Thffc pham "thdng thifdng" d cac nu'dc phffdng Tay dffdc hieu la thffc pham dffdc san xua'l bang cac phffdng ihffc san xua't cd sff dung thud'e irff sau nhffng v5n an toan (thdng thffdng la each san xuS't thdng thffdng), cdn thffc pha'm "thdng thu'dng"
theo each hieu ciia ngffdi tieu diing Viet Nam thi do la thffc pha'm dffdc bay ban d ehd (thdng thffdng la each phan phd'i thdng ihifdng).
Va vdi each hieu thffc pha'm "thdng thffdng"
theo nghia ciia ngffdi lidu diing phffdng Tay, Bich Hien (2017) din Idi eua chuydn gia dinh dffdng Vu The'Thanh "Thffc pha'm an loan chang bdbeo gi hdn thffc pha'm thdng thffdng ca" (Hidn, 2017).
Theo chuyen gia Thanh thi thffc phS'm "thdng thffdng" d cac nffdc phffdng Tay dffdc quy dinh ra't chat che vd ham Iffdng cac chS'l cd ieh (ham Iffdng dam, cac axit amin 3,6,9 ciia sffa. ); ddng thdi la ham Iffdng c a c cha't ed hai (ham Iffdng nitrat, nilrit, kim loai nang..,), ndn cac thffc pha'm "thdng thffdng" da dat dffdc tieu chuan nay Iffc la da du dieu kidn lam ihffc an cho con ngu'di.
Thffc pha'm an loan dffdc san xua't mpt each "tir nhidn" cung ehi ed the cung ca'p dffdc cac chat dinh dffdng va han che' eae cha't cd hai tffdng tif nhff thffc pha'm "thdng thffdng" ma thdi. ThSm chi, thffc pha'm an loan cdn "cd phan" kem hdn do khd bao quan hdn nen ham Iffdng dinh dffdng kem di trong qua trinh tdn trff, van chuyen...
(Hien, 2017).
Nhif vay, iheo cac ehuyen gia Ihi thffc pham an loan khdng han la cha'l Iffdng dinh dffdng ciia thffc phim an loan thiic da'y hanh vi mua cua ngffdi tieu diing. Bdn canh dd, nguyen nhan chinh ngifdi tieu diing Vidt Nam chudng thffc pha'm an loan con do xua't phat iff ndi "sp hai" vdi thffc pham ba'n Iran lan. Thffc te'nay da lam xua't hidn mdt so' khach hSng hoai nghi ve eha't Iffdng ciia thffc ph^m an loan, qua dd hoai nghi ve cae tuyen bo'dinh difdng ciia ngirdi ban hang, ciang nhff nha san xua'l thffc pham an toan.
3.3. ThUc phdm an todn thong tin con thieu vd khong chinh xdc
Mac dii thffc pha'm an loan da trd Ihanh mot phong trao tidu diing trong thdi gian gan day, nhffng theo y kid'n eiia chuyen gia ve va'n dd nay, mdt trong cac nguydn nhan lam thi trffdng thifc pha'm an loan kem phat trid'n la do ngffdi tidu dung cdn chffa hid'u bid't mot each tha'u dao ve thffc pha'm an loan, thid'u cac thdng tin de truy xua't ngudn gd'c, khd tim hidu va khdng hieu ve qua trlnh san xua't. Cae bffdc trong qua trlnh eung ca'p thffc pha'm an toan de'n tay ngffdi tidu dilng nhff: san xua't, ihu hoach, sd che', bao quan, vSn chuyen... ngffdi tieu diing cung khdng nam dffdc, thid'u cac thdng tin (Thanh Giang, 2018).
Khi sff dung cdng eu tim kid'm Google, trong 0,73 giay CO hdn 96 tridu ke't qua tra ve cho ngi
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dung "thffc pha'm an loan". Tuy nhidn, cac thdng tm trdn internet cung d trong tinh trang "khdng the kiem soat", that gia khd phSn bidt. Iff thdng tin mpt so' nha san xua't khdng man thu quy dinh sau do cac bao chi lam tram trpng hda va'n de, ngffdi tieu diing trd ndn hoang mang sd hai (Hien.
2017). Ldi dung tam ly dd, cac nha san xua't thffc pha'm, trong do cd thffc pham an loan, ra sffc thoi phdng sff that ve thifc pha'm ma hp san xua't, cung ca'p nhffng thdng tin khong dung sff that ve cac loai thiTc pham, nhff thffc pha'm an loan la sach nha't, la dinh dffdng tdt nha't, an toan nha't cho sffc khoe... Trong khi dd, theo cac chuyen gia thi chi can thffc pha'm an loan dap ffng dii cac tieu chuan ve dinh difdng la dii (Hien, 2017).
3.4. Thifc phdm an todn chi ddnh cho ngddi gid u
Hien nay, cae loai thffc pha'm dang difdc dan nhan an loan d Viet Nam hidn cd gia cao gap nhieu lan thffc pham thdng thffdng, cac san pha'm rau, cii, nam cd gia dat hdn khoang 4 dd'n 5 lan, thit Idn dai hdn khoang 3 lan,,, (Kim Ngan, 2017).
Do do, thffc pha'm an toan thffdng chi danh eho nhffng gia dinh cd mffc thu nhap tff kha, tham chi giau cd trd Idn. Nhffng dae diem thirdng gan vdi nhdm khach hang tidu diing nay la: hpc va'n eao, thifdng sd'ng d thanh phd' Idn, thffdng la ngu'di cd chffe vu hoac nhan vidn van phdng, hp khdng phai la ngffdi lao ddng Iff do...
3.5. Thde phdm an todn khong bie't mua d ddu
Theo bao cao ciia Bd Ndng nghiep va Phat tridn ndng thdn nam 2016, hidn mdi chi cd 19 effa hang d Ha Ndi va 11 cufa hang d TP. Hd Chi Minh la da dang ky vdi Bd ve thffc pha'm an toan. Sd Iffdng effa hang thffc pham an loan cd the Idn gap vai lan so vdi sd'dang ky, nhffng van cdn qua it so vdi nhu cau ciia ngffdi tidu diing. Khdng nhffng the', khdng it nhffng effa hang ban cae san pha'm thife pha'm an toan "tff xffng" (Khanh VQ, 2017), tffc la hp Iff ban cac san pha'm ma hp ndi la Ihifc pha'm an toan, trong khi khdng cd ba't cff mot cd quan td chffe nao chffng nhan. Nhff vay, ngffdi tieu diing rat khd khan mdi cd the mua dffdc mdt san pham thffc pUim an loan, khi ma tim effa hang treo bien thffc pham an toan da khd, tim du'dc rdi thi effa hang dd dung la cd ban thffc pha'm an loan, chff khdng phai thffc pha'm an loan
"tff xifng", cang khd khan hdn.
3.6. Thifc phdm an todn ngheo ndn ve chiing loai
Theo An Nhien (2016), hidn nay, thffc pha'm an toan tuy dffdc nhieu nha san xua't quan lam, nhffng cung mdi ehi dffng d cac san pha'm thong thffdng, nhff: gao, rau cii, thit, ca... Cac san pham thie't yd'u khac, nhff: gia vi, mam, mud'i „ van cdn thie'u, gay khd khan cho ngffdi lieu dung khi hp phai di vai ndi mdi mua dffdc day dii nguyen lidu cho bffa cdm eiia gia dinh (Nhien, 2016). Hdn the*
nffa, eae san pha'm thidt yd'u nay khdng chi ihidu ma cdn khdng dffdc cae nha san xua't de tam va san xua't, ndn ngifdi lieu dung nhieu liic bupe phai mua nhffng san pham nay d nhffng effa hang ban thffc pha'm thdng thffdng. Dieu nay gay tam ly lidu diing nffa vdi, thffc an chinh la thffc pham an toan, con gia vi va cac nguydn lieu phu lai la thffc pham thffdng, can trd ngu'di tidu diing mua thffc pha'm an loan.
Theo danh muc san pha'm thu'c pha'm an loan ma Sidu thi Sai Gdn Co.opmart cdng bo' nam 2017, mdi cd 4 nhdm chiing loai thffc pha'm an loan dffdc dffa vaohd thd'ng ciia sieu thi nay, gdm gao va cac loai rau, cii, qua, ca va tdm. Vi du nhff: gao Jasmine, gao Japonica, dffa leo, bi dao, ca chua, cai ngot, cai xanh, rau mud'ng, phi Id ea basa va tdm sii (Mai Trang, 2017). Nhu' vay, danh muc san pha'm nay gan nhff khdng the dap ffng dffdc nhu cau, ddi hoi ciia ngffdi tidu diing. Khao sat ctia tac gia tai eac effa hang, sieu thi khac ban thffc pha'm an loan lai Ha Npi cung ghi nhan mffc do ban chdve chiing loai cua cac san pha'm thi/e pha'm an loan.
4. Phifdng hffdng phat trid'n ciia thi trfftfng thffc pham an toan
Thffc pham an loan trong thdi gian tdi van se la san pha'm dffdc ngifdi tieu diing, dac biel la ngffdi tidu diing ihanh thi Viet Nam quan tam. Sff phat Irien san pham nay la mdt xu thd' ra't khd dao ngffdc, tuy nhidn td'e dp phat tnen ciia thi trirdng nay van cdn nhieu dieu dang ban. Vdi sff xua't hidn ciia Nghi dmh 109 va bp tieu ehua'n Viet Nam ve thffc pha'm an loan, hanh lang phap ly cho sff phat tridn eiia thi trffdng da dan dffdc hoan thien. Song, de thi trffdng thffc pham an loan phat trien nhanh va lanh manh cdn ra't nhieu viec phai lam.
Thd nhat Id, phai lam td't cdng tac tuyen truydn eho ngffdi dan hieu biet hdn ve thffc pha'm an loan. Khi sff hieu bie't ciia ngffdi tidu dung ve
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thffc pha'm an loan tang Idn, ngffdi lieu diing se trd thanh ngffdi tieu dung "thong thai", hp se sang sud't hdn trong vide Iffa chpn thffc pha'm an loan, tff dd tao ra mpt tac ddng kep la ung hd cac nha san xua't lam an chan ehinh va han ehe cae nha san xua't lam an chup giat, Iffa dao, gian ddi.
Nhffng hanh vi "nhap nhem", "Iff xifng", "Iff phong", "tra trdn", "ddi lot" trong thi trffdng thffc pha'm an toan cua nhffng nha san xua't, nha phan phd'i cd hdi, khdng dang hoang se bi dao thai, thi trffdng thffc pha'm an loan sd trd len lanh manh hdn.
Thd hai la, Nha nffdc sdm ban hanh bd hanh lang phap ly day dii, chat che tao dieu kien eho thi trirdng thffc pham an loan hoat ddng. Phai nghien cffu ki cac dieu kidn hd trd, khuye'n khich cae nha san xua't lam an chan chinh phat tridn;
ddng thdi phai xay dffng bd cdng eu kidm tra, giam sat that manh, nham sdm phat hidn va ngan chan eac hanh vi vi pham; ciing vdi dd la cac ch^
tai dii manh, dii sffc ran de de nhffng ngffdi cd y dd khdng td't, ldi dung sff thid'u hid'u bid't cua ngffdi tieu dung ve thffc pham an loan, sff budng long quan ly cua cd quan hffu quan ma thffc hidn cac hanh vi vi pham.
Thffc pha'm la mot nganh hang quan trong, c6 sffc anh hffdng Idn tdi khdng ehi sffc khoe ciia mot ngffdi, ma ciiaca mdt the'he, mpt dan tdc. Vivay, cac chinh sach dffa ra phai day dii de khuydn khich, thuc day khat khao lam giau chinh dang ciia nhffng ea nhan, td chffe tham gia vao kenh phan phd'i, ddng thdi ngan chan nhffng ngirdi c6 mong mud'n lam an ba't chinh, hp cd mudn cung khdng dam lam •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
/. Chuyen. D.2015 Ndm 2015 cd nUdc xdy ra 171 vu ngd doc thuc phdm. Bdo Cong iy. hilp://congly.vn/xa-hoi/suc- khoe/nam-2015-ca-nuoc-xay-ra-17 l-vu-ngo-doc-thuc-pham-134052.html.
2. Da Thdo 2017. ThUc pham bin la nguy ca hdng ddu cua nhieu benh ung thu Bdo Dien td Mdt thS' gidi, hltps://inotthegioi.vn/suc-khoe-c84/lhuc-pham-ban-la-nguy-ca-hangdau-cua-nhieu-benh'Ung-thu61460.html.
3. HANH, H. 2014. Metro, Big C, Ocean Marl... thi nhau bdn thuc phdm 'ban', ddn lo idng. Bdo Mdi.
htlps://baomoicom/metro-big-cocean-mart-thi-nhau-ban-thuc-phamban-dan-lo-lang/c/I4578292.epi.
4. Hien, B. 2017. "Toi noi thang, ihuc phdm hdu ca chdng an todn, bo beo han so vdi thifc phdm thong thudng". Soha, hllp://soha.vn/loi-noi-thang-thuc-pham-huu-co-chang-an-toan-bo-beo-hon-so-voi-thuc-pham-lhong-thuong- 2017III000301005.htm.
5. Khdnh Vu 2017. Loan thUcphdm hdu ca "lUxUng" - Ai quan ly? Bdo Lao dong, hltp://cafef.vnAoan-thuc-pham- huu-co-tii-xung-aiquan-ly'20171215l35536857.chn
6. Kim Ngdn 2017 'Bdt qudi trdn dS' thUc phdm 'tit xifng' organic. Bdo Phu nS, https://www.
phunuonline.com.vn/thitruong/bat-quai-tran-do-thuc-pham-tu-xungorganic-96668/.
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American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 80,6.
8. Lan, M. 2016. NgUdi tieu diing hoang mang IrUdc ma trdn thUc phdm ban. News.zjng.vn, https://news zing.vn/nguoi-tieu-dunghoang-mang-truoc-ma-tran-thuc-phamban-post620445.hlml 9. Mai Trang 2017 4 nhdm thuc phdm hdu cO xud'l hien tgi Viet Nam. VOV, https://vov.vn/an-sach-.song-khoe/4- nhom-lhiic-pham-huu-co-xuat-hien-lai-viet-nam-622147.vov.
10. Nguyen Vdn Bd 2017 Sdn xudt ndng nghiep huu ca d Viel Nam: Cahgi, thdch thdcvd nhiing vdn de cdn quan tdm. Sd Khoa hoc vd Cong nghS tinh VTnh Phiic.
11. Nhien. A. 2016. ThUc phdm hdu ca- Can nhieu han nhung sdn phdm thong dung. Bdo dien id Tri thde Tre, htlp://soha.vn/thuc-pham-huu-co-can-nhieu-hon-nhung-san-pham-lhong-dung-20161103I71652375.htm.
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12. Thanh Giang 2018. Thi trudng thUc phdm hitu ca- Cung - Cau chua gap nhau. Bdo Dai Dodn Ket, http://daidoanket.vn/thi-truong/thi-truong-lhuc-pham-huu-co-cung-cau-chua-gap-nhau-tintuc412699.
13. Thanh Nhdn 2017. Thuc phdm hitu ca dang gdy "sot". Ngudi Lao dong, htips://nld.com.vn/kinh-te/ihuc-pham- huu-co-dang-gay-sot-201712102126I0605.htm.
14. Thanh. T. 2018. Sieu thi FiviMart bdn hdng khong ro ngudn gd'c, khong hgn sddung khiS'n ngudi tieu diing hoang mang ^ Bdo Dien td Ngudi Tieu diing, http://www.nguoitieudung.com vn/sieu-thifivimart-ban-hang-khong-ro-nguon- gockhong-han-su-dung-khien-nguoi-tieu-dunghoang-mang-d70550.html.
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16 Thoai, T. B. 2015. ThUc pham hdu ca: Xu hUdng nidi? Bdo Ddn Tn, https://dantri.com.vn/suc-khoe/lhuc-pham- huu-co-xu-huong-moi-20151105215416455.him
17. Vdn. H., Vu. H. & Trd, T. 2016. Nhdc nhdi ndi lo mdt an todn thuc phdm. Ky 1: Trdn lan thUc phdm bdn. Nhan Ddn, http://nhandan.com.vn/xahoi/tin-luc/item/31669602-nhuc-nhoi-noi-lo-matan-toan-thuc-pham-ky-l.htmL
Ngay n h a n bai: 8/10/2019
Ngay phan bidn d a n h gia va su'a chffa: 18/10/2019 Ngay chS'p nh^n d a n g b a i : 28/10/2019
Thdng tin tdc gid:
ThS. N G U Y E N T U C J N G M I N H Trffffng D a i hgc T h a n g L o n g
CURRENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT DIRECTION OF VIETNAM FOOD SAFETY MARKET TODAY
• MA. NGUYEN TUONG MINH Thang Long University
ABSTRACT:
The living standard of Vietnamese people is improving along with the increasingly strict requirements for the safely of foods. Recognizing thai needs, in recent years, a series of brands of clean food, safe food, organic food, etc. have been bom to meet the needs of consumers.
However, it is also the massive advent of these brands that lead to the various issues such as the credibihty, safety, realibilily, etc. Under this situation, research shows a number of directions to develop a safe food market in Vietnam in the near future.
Keywords: Safe food market, situation, safe food market development.
So 2 0 - T h d n g 11/2019 H I
