Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
NGHIEN CUU XAY DUNG DlT&NG C0 S0 TIEU THU NANG LlTOTNG VA DANH GIA CHI SO HIEU SUAT TIEU THU
N A N GLU0NG CHO CfiC PHUONG T l l l i V 6 N Tfil TREN MO LO THIEN
The establishment of the baseline for the energy consumption and the valuation of the energy efficiency index (EEI) has been considered as an essential work in the process of the evaluation of the energy consumption at the production line of the business enterprises according to the impact factors. In this paper, the authors refer to the study on the establishment of the baseline for the energy consumption and the valuation of the energy efficiency index (EEI) for the transport means at open pit coal mines.
ThS. VUTH^NAM ThS. VO T U A N A N H Vi4n Khoa hpc Cdng ngh^ Md - Vinacomin
1. Ly t h u y l t xay dg'ng dud'ng c a s a tieu thg nang lu'p'ng
Vipc xay dyng du-dng ca sd tieu thg nang lu'png va danh gia chi so hieu suat tieu thu nang lu'png la viec lam quan trpng trong qua trinh d^nh gia tieu thu nang lu'png cua cac khau san xult tai doanh nghidp theo c^c yeu t l tac dOng.
Du'dng ca sd tieu thg nang lu-png giup cho ngu'di quan ly nang lu'png (QLNL) cd t h i theo doi diln biln qua trinh tieu thu nang lu'png, danh gia anh hu'o'ng cua cac y l u t l tac dpng va la ca sd tham chilu de cd the du'a ra du'gc cac djnh mij'c giao khoan tieu thg nang lu'gng sat nhat.
Theo ISO 50001: 2011 - Tieu chuan quoc t l v l hp thing quan ly nang lu'gng dugc ban hanh chinh thLKC ngay 15/06/2011 thi du'dng ca so- nang lu'gng la cac chuin djnh lu-gng lam ca sd cho viec so sanh hieu qua nang lu'gng. Dudng ca sd nang lugng phan anh mdt khoang thdi gian quy djnh, cd the dugc chuin hda bang each SLf dgng cac bien so anh hudng den viec sy dyng va/hogc tieu thg nang lugng, vi dg: muc dp san xult, nhipt dp theo thd'i gian.vv...Dudng eg sd nang lugng cung dugc SCP dgng de tinh toan tilt kiem nang lugng, lam chuin d l i chilu trudc va sau khi thyc hipn cac hanh dpng cai t i l n hipu qua nang lugng. (Trich: Mgc 3.6 TCVN 50001:2012).
Be cd t h i xay dyng dugc dud'ng ca sd tieu thg nang lugng, trud'c h i t nguo'i quan ly nang iu-gng cIn xac djnh cac chi s i hipu qua nang lygng EEI (Energy Efficiency Index). EEI la mpt
trong cac chi so hieu qua chinh d l theo doi hieu qua tieu thu nang lugng:
EEI = Nang lugng d i u vao/Ylu to lien quan tdi su dgng nang lugng.
Dan vj EEI phg thupc vao vipc tieu thg nang lugng trong mpt ung dgng eg the, dan vj EEI cd the dugc xac djnh, vi dg [kWh/m^]; [TOE/tan].
Cd 3 budc chinh d l t i l n hanh xay dyng dudng ca sa dO lipu tieu thg nang lugng, nhu sau:
Bucfc 1: Thu th0p dirli^u vi nang luxyng diu vAo va cic yeu to liin quan
Trong bud'C nay, ngudi QLNL thu thgp cac s i lieu tieu thg nang lugng ca trong qua khip va hipn tgi cua khau san xuat can xay dung dudng ca sd du lipu. N l u nang lugng dau vao gom nhieu logi nang lugng khac nhau nhu nhiet,
San iLFCTng, tan
330 3 " 315 320 330 3 ^ , 240 240 , - • M 250 2 "
A A *^ > n*' «_*> ^ <^ ^ •? -^ -O*
<^ ^* ^ ^ ^ /f ^ ^ <?V^<^\<f
Hinh 1. ChJsd sin Iuvng theo thdi gian
KHCNM SO 6/2013* CO DifeN - T l / D 6 N G H 6 A
Ky nigm 88 nam Ng^y Bao chi C^ch nngng Viet Nam
didn, nhien lidu, hoi., thi dkn quy d l i chung v l don vj Chung (TOE, KJ quy dli).
Bimc 2: Xay di/ng quan h$ giOm ndng Iuvng dau vdo va cdc y4u tS lidn quan
D l cd t h i xay du'ng quan hd giu'a nSng lu'png d i u vao va cae y l u t l lidn quan, cd t h i sir dung cdc loai do thj: Chf s i hidu qua nang lu'gng theo
EEI (kWhMn
30000 3200n ^ruiatl "lliooa 38000 San lu'i^'ng
Hinh 2. Chl si hidu qud ndng luang theo sin tuong
Hinh 3. Tidu thu ndng luang theo sin luang Trung binh cua ngdnh
EEI CO sd (ndi bO)
Lly gid trj theo thdng tin bdn ngodi Benchrriarking ChT s6 hidu qua ndng lu-ong EEI Hinh 4. Chl si hidu qui ndng lupng EEI
thdi gian, chf so hi$u qua ndng lu'gng theo s i n lu'cng hole van hdnh, tidu thu ndng Iuvng theo san lu'i?'ng.
- Chi s i hidu qua nang lu'gng theo thdi gian (hinh 1) giup doanh nghidp h i l u rd dac tinh hidu qua nang lu'cng theo mua, theo thdng, theo ndm, t h i hi$n thdi gian trong ndm cd hilu qua eao nhlt va thap nhlt.
- ChT s i hi$u qua nang lu'gng theo san lu'p'ng (hinh 2) giOp giam sdt hidu q u i nang lu'p'ng theo tCrng c i p do san xult.
- Tidu thu nang \urfng theo san lu'iing hoac van hanh (hinh 3} b i l u thj ndng luong tieu thg d l / tinh d mO'C san x u l t E, cdng thCre:
E - (m)*(san lu'png P) + C Trong dd:
Giao dilm vol true tung Y la gid trj C, irng vdi
"Nang lu'png c6 djnh" hay ndng lu'png khi khdng tai.
Qd d i e (m): bilu thj ' b i l n thien nang Iuvng' hoac "hieu suat nang Iuvng".
Trong trudng hpp khau san xult ed nhilu san phim vdi san lu'png P1, P2, P3 thi nang lupng d\f tinh:
E=miPi + m2P2+ maPa +...+ C
LU'U y:Cac hp s i C, mi, rm, ma phai duong mdi hpp 1;^. Trong nhilu trudng hpp, do s i lidu x l u cd t h i mpt trong eae he s i ndy am, phai xem xdt vd xO- ly so lidu lai.
Bu^c 3: Thiet lap EEI ca sa
EEI CO so dCing Idm chf tidu 'chuan" cho chu ky xem xet nang lupng tuong lai. N l u EEI trong chu ky tuong lai md Idn han EEI co so thi hieu qua ndng lupng trong chu kji nay chua dat.
Thdng thud'ng, l l y mCre "trung binh" cua cdc chi s i EEI Idm CO so vd chpn EEI a mire thIp nhlt lam mgc tidu t i l t kidm.
2- Nghien cu'U xdy dipng du'O'ng c v sd' tieu thu nang I u v n g cho cdc phipffng ti$n v | n tai mo 1$ thien.
Cdc phuong ti^n vdn tai tren md Ip thidn, d$c bidt Id cac xe van tai cho than vd d I t dd, hoat ddng trong d i l u kien phuc tap, chju nhilu y l u t l tdc dpng lien quan tdi tieu thu nhien lidu nhu:
Cung dd v$n tai, chilu cao ndng tai, c h i t lupng dud'ng xd, dd cua, gde doc, thdi tilt, chung lo?i xe, trinh dd cdng nhdn v$n hdnh (hinh 5). Chinh
KHCNM sd 6/2013* CO OltN - Tl} BONG H 6 A
Thong tin khoa hgc cong ngh^ m o
Hinh 5. Cic yiu td tic d^ng t&i nhidn li$u tidu thu cOa phuong tidn v$n til md 10 thidn
So chuyen
Hinh 6. Du^ng co sdi EEI tidu thij nhidn lidu theo chuyin
vl vgy, vipc giao khoan nhi^n lipu ti§u thg cho cac phuang tipn ndy Iudn g§p nhilu khd kh3n.
Bing 1. Thdng kd ti$u thii nhidn li$u vi til trong xe Chuyen
Chuyin 1 Chuyin 2 Chuyin 3 Chuyen 4 Chuyin 5
Tii trpng thyc te (tin) 97,6 93,1 98,7 101,2 88,9
Nhidn lidu tidu th(i (lit) 69,10 69,60 69.90 70,00 67,60
hi
•
i ftlK-.!;.!'.' -I ytW.^- -
85 0 95 100
Tai trong
Hinh 7. Tidu thp nhidn lidu theo tii tnyng xe
Vipc ddnh gid cde chi s i hidu qua nang lupng EEI vd xdy du'ng cac dudng co sd v l tidu thg nang lupng cd t h i giup ngudi quan 1;^ ndng lupng theo ddi, ddnh gid hieu suit tieu thg nhien lipu cOa cdc phuong tidn theo cdc y l u t l tac dpng. So sanh tieu thg giOa qua khu' va hipn tai, la CO so tham chilu d l cd t h i dua ra ode giao khoan nhidn lipu hpp ly cQng nhu ddt cdc mgc tieu d l thue hipn t i l t kipm nang lupng.
Hinh 6 md ta dud'ng co so tieu thg nang lupng eua xe HD465-7R trdn mpt cung dp e l i^nh eCia mpt ca san xult.
TCr dudng co sd tidu thg nhidn lipu thue t l theo cac ehi s i EEI thue t l (llt/chgyin) ngudi qgan ly ndng lupng ed t h i xay dung dudng co sd tidg thu trung binh vdi EEI trung binh bang 6,48 (lit/ehuyln) chinh la (Jjnh mi^c phu hpp nhlt c i n giao khodn. Hon nOa, cung cd t h i l i y mij'c EEI nhd nhlt blng 5,74 (llt/chuyin) lam mgc tidu tilt kiem tuong ung hieu qua tilt kiem 11,4%.
Dua vao thing ke tidg thg nhidn lidg d l i vol tai trpng eda xe CAT 777D cd tai trpng chit tai djnh rnCrc 96 tan trdn mdt cung dp e l djnh (bang 1) va cdng eg tinh toan Excel ta cd t h i xdy dung dupe dudng xu hudng (trend line), tren dd xac djnh dupe mpt h i m s i t h i hipn mil tuong quan giQ'a nhidn lipu theo tai trpng xe nhu hinh 7.
TLP hinh 7 cho thay, ed t h i du bdo dupe mijc tieu thg nhidn lipu phg thudc vao tdi trpng cOa xe theo ham s i y=0,162*x+53,73 (R2=0,689, hp s i ndy cang Idn =«1 thi s i lipu d u bdo cang chinh xdc).
2- K i t luan
Vipc tinh toan cac chi s i tieu thg nang lupng EEI cung nhu xdy dij-ng cac dudng co sd tieu thu nang lupng thue t l la vipc lam eIn thilt eua ngudi quan ly nang lupng de cd t h i danh gia mOt cdch ting t h i qua trinh tidu thu nang lupng theo cdc y l u t l lien quan. Ti> dd, cd t h i xay dung dupe eae dudng tidu chuin v l tieu thu nang lupng ciia cdc qua trinh san xuat chju anh hudng cua nhilu y l u to tac dpng, la dudng d u lipu tham chilu d l ngudi quan ly dua ra dupe cac suit giao khodn chinh xac nhlt./.
TaV lieu tham khao:
1. Tdi lidu dao tao cin bd quan i'f ning /up'ng.TUVNORD. 2013.
2. Bd tieu chuin TCVN ISO 50001:2012.
KIICNM SO 6/2013* CO D I E N - T U B O N G IIOA
