Tap chiTHdNG TIN YDlfQC So 8 ndm 2012
da sd ung ttiU dai b u t bang. Cac bien phap sang be ung ttiU dai tnjt trang gom cd phdt hiin mdu bong phdn moi nam mpt Sn kit hdp soi b u t trang 5 nam mpt lan ddi vdi ngudl b i n 50 tuoi. £ ^ vdi ngudl od tia con gdn cd ung thu dai tnjt trang bdt i^u sdng toe luc tua 40.
V I I . UNG T H U TUY
Ung thu* tuy dutfc coi Id khdi u ngoai tiet vi ung tiiU bioi md bjyen chiim gan 90% cac budng hdp.
1. Tfieu chuhg lam sang Ung thu dau tyy thUdng bieu hiin bdng trieu chiihg vang da, (f mdt tdng dan ma khdng dau, khdng sdt. Giai doan mudn hcJn thi ed the kem theo dau thUdng vj, dau sau luhg va gay silt edn nhanh, ngift toan than. Ung thU tiian va dudi tuy hiem gdp hdn, giai doan mudn thudng dau thUdng vi, ha suftn trdi kem theo gay sut can nhanh, kham thay u thudng vi.
Da so cac trUdng hdp (99%) dUdc chan doan d giai doan mudn khdng cdn khd ndng dieu trj phau thuat triet can vi da di can hoac xam lan mach mau khu vUc.
2. Cdn lam sang
CA 19-9 CO gid tri chan dodn trong 80% sd trUdng hdp khi u kich thUdc Idn. Siiu am o bung, CT 6 bung, siiu dm ndi soi, ERCP chi Idm trong trUdng hdp ddc biit.
3. Tien lu'png
Tien luiaig xau, chi 2-5% BN song sau 5 ndm phat hiin binh, 50% b/vong sau 5 tiidng. BN dui*:
phau tiiuat od t / le song sau 5 nam Id 10-30%.
De CO gdng chan doan sdm, mpt trong cdc bien phdp Id sdng loc nhuhg BN cd than nhdn bj ung thU tuy bdng CY bdt dau 10 ndm trudc tudi chan dodn dUde ung thU tuy d ngUdi bd con.
T A I LIEU THAM KHAO
1. N g u y i n NhtT^c Kim: Dong Y vd cSc t}^nh Gan.
Benh hoc Gan l^at Tuy, H$i Gan Mat Wef Nam, Nhi Xuat ban Yhgc, 2009, diuong37, tr.680-705.
2 Le Lpc: Ung thu" dUdng mat. Benfi tigc Gan l^$t Tuy, Hdi Gan t4St Viit Nam, Ntia Xuit bin Y hgc, 2009, chuwg42, t. 772-798.
3. Ha VSn M 9 0 ' Cac u Gan ac b'nh. Benh hpc Can M$t Tgy, Hgi Gan Mat Vi0t Nam, Nhi Xuit ijin Y hqc, 2009, c^uiing 27, tr.495-513.
4 H^ Vfin M90, Ho^ng Ky, Pham Hodng P h i | t Ung
•nil/Gan Nguyen phat NhiXu^iian YHgcHi Ndi, 2006.
5 Hodng Trong T h a n g : Ung thU tuy. Benh hoc Gan Mat Tuy, ligi Gan Mat Viet Nam, Nha Xuit ban Y hoc, 2009, chu&ng 44, tr.820'839.
6 Guan R., Kang J.Y., H. S.Ng.: Managen-ient of Cdmmon Gastroontemlogkal Roblems: A Malaysia Si Singapore Perspective. Ha\as MedmeOa, ZXX). 25 QxwKn Gastrointestinal CancB^ Tan Yew-Oq, pp279-289.
7 McPhee 5 J . , Papadakis A.M., M.W.Ralxnv.' Cun^nt Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2011 (LANGE CURRENT Senes). SOtfi Annimsary Ed^n, Cancer, New Yoiii, 2011, Chapter 39, pp.1528-1593. S
CAC CHAT KiCH THiCH SINH TONG HOP HOAT CHAT SO OONG TRONG NOOi CAY SINH KHOI TE BAO THOC VAT
Phan Dinh Chau*, Vu Binh Du'dng"
Cong nghe sinh khdi tebao thu'c vat (SKTBTV) la hu'dng di mdi day trien vong de sdn xuat cdc boat chit, ddc biit Id cac boat chat cd bam ludng thip trong cdy tu" nhien, cdc chit cd cau tiuc hoa hgc phut tap khd tong hdp hda hgc. Trong cSng nghi SKTBTV viic sd dung cdc biin phdp Idm tang boat chat Id rat quan trong. Trong dd, cdc chat kich thich sinh tong hdp hoat chit to ra hiiu qud cao giup cdi thiin dudc hdm ludng boat chat trong tebao.
I . OAT VAN DE
Cdng nghi SKTBTV Id ky thudt nudl cay, duy tri, tao khdi ludng Idh te bdo thyC vdt bong mdi budng dinh dudng vd diiu kiin nudi cay ttii'ch hdp [1]. Tir khS te bao dd, tach chiet cdc hoat chat lam nguyen liiu cho sdn xuat thuoc, thut pham, my pham,...
Deri nay, da cd mdt sd cdng binh nghien cull dutfc bien khai uhg dung ttiuC tien nhU sdn xudt padltaxel tiJ' te bao cdy tiidng dd (Taxus sp.), sdn xuat shikonin tir ^ bao Litiiospermum erytiirortiizon, sdn xuat berberin ti/ te bao Coptis
japonks,... Mae du vdy, ti'nh uhg dung cdng nghe vd khd nang nhdn rpng vcfl nhieu bai te bao thUe vat cdn han die. Nguyen nhan la chub cd nhuhg hieu biet nhal djnh ve con dudng sinh tong hdp hoat chat (STHHC) trong te bao, ciing nhU cac biin phap kich ttiich lam tang STHHC, nin hdm ludng hoat chat trong te bdo cdn thap [4,13]. Vi vay, cac nha khoa hpc da tap bung nghiin cub cd che STHHC, cung nhU de ra cae bien phap de tang ham lutfng cac chat trong \B bao. Trong sd cac biin phdp dd, viic su" dung cac chat kich thfch STHHC 'GS.TSKH., Dai hoc Bach khoa Ha N§i; " T S . , Hpc vien Quan y
Tqp chi THONG TIN Y DlfQC So 8 ndm 2012
vuS dcJn gian lai cho hi?u qud cao [8,10]. Trong bdi ndy, Chung tdi gidi t h i ^ v i cdc chdt kich thlch STHHC sir dung bong cdng nghe SKTBTV.
I I . CAC CHAT KICH T H I C H S I N H TONG HOP HOAT CHAT
1. Khai nigm
Chat kich thich STHHC (elicitor) Id nhOhg chdt ed ban chat hda hpc khde nhau t i / nhlSu ngudn gdc, khi t h i m mOt luipng nhd vdo mdi tru'dng nudi eay te bdo thi/e vdt se ki'ch thich qud trinh sinh tong hdp, t?o ra sdn ph^m chuydn hda thir cdp (hoat chdt) de chdng lai cdc mdm b§nh xdm nhdp vdo t i bdo ttiut vdt [8].
2. Phan lo^i elicitor
Phdn lo^l cdc elicitor di^ci vao ngudn gdc xudt x\i ho§c bdn chat eua chiing [ 8 ] :
- Theo nguon gdc xuat r^\i•.
+ Elicitor vd sinh (abiotic elicitor): la cdc chdt khdng ed nguon ode tir cd the sdng nhU ion kim loai ndng (Cu^^ Ag*S Hg*^ V*^ Co^^);
nhiet dp cao, tia UV; cdc phdn tir protein tdng hdp; cac chat tay nja; chat diet nam; cac chat tao ap lUc tham thau (manitol, glucose,...).
+ Elicitor hull sinh (biotic elicitor): Id cae chal ed nguon goc tir cac od the sinh vat nhU cac enzym, cac thanh phan mang ^ bao vi sinh vat, pectin tao ra tir vach ^ bao thyt vat, cac phan tir chiit xuat tirte bao w khuan (nhUchibDsan, glucan,...).
- Theo bdn chat:
+ Elicitor ngoai sinh: Id nhuhg chat dudc tao thdnh ngoai te bao nhU polysaccharid, cac peptid, cac enzym, acid beo.
+ Elicitor ndi sinh: Id nhuhg chat sinh ra trong te bao nhu hepta-p-glucosidase, alginat oliomers, dodeca-3-l,4-D-galacturonid.
3. Cd che tac dyng aia elicitor Hlin nay, cd nhiiu gid t h u y i t dUdc dUa ra ve cd ehe tac dung ciia cac elicitor nhU gia thuyit ve sU gan eiia elicitor vdi thu the (receptor) mdng te bdo nhd ddng Ca*^ goc tU do, cd che enzym,... Mdc dii cd rat nhieu gid thuyet, nhuhg ndi chung cti e h i tdc dyng cua elicitor la kfch hoat he thong tU bdo v i theo each thirc truyen tin hieu [ 6 ] : khi elicitor gdn ket vdi thy the tren mang te bao, cac tin hl?u ciia elicitor dUdc truyen dl thdng qua cac chat truyen b'n hieu thuf cap (kinh ion, GTP-protein, cdc phan tir dxy hoat dpng, inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, cdc enzym, cac chat trung gian dan truyin,...), ket qud cudi cung Id kich thich qua trinh sinh tdng hdp cac san pham chuyen hda thir cap (hoat chat) de chong lai cdc yeu to bat ldi tir b i n ngodi tdc dong vdo t i bao.
4. M^t sd' tinh chdft ciia eiicitor^M siydyng trong cdng ngh$ SKTBTV ^ ^
Elicitor da dUflc sir dyng hi?u qud trong san xuSft cdc ho?t chSt bdng cdng nghe SKTBTV. Tuy nhlin, trong tiii/c t i nghiin cirtj cdn xem x i t cac ddc tfnh cung nhi/ diiu kl^n sir dyng elidtor de dat dudc k i t qud tdt nhdt nhu* lo?i ellcllBr, nong dp, thdi gian t i i p xiic ciia elicitor vdi ^ bdo, thdi dii'm t i i p xuc, cdc chdt diiu tiet sinh hu'dng, tiidnh phdn dinh du@ng. Ngodi ra, mdt sd yeu ^ ky ttiu|t cung dnh hudng tdi vi?c su" dyng hieu qud elicitor nhU ky thudt nudl cdy 2 giai do?n, ky tiiu§t nudi cdy 2 pha, ky tiiugt bdt d^ng te bdo,...
4.1. Lo^i elicitor:
Cd rat nhi&j loai elkftor khdc nhau. Thong thudng, cdc elicitor dutfc diia thdnh 2 nhdm (tiieo phdn Iogi ngudn gdc). Moi bai elicitor cd kha ndng kich thidi sinh hoat chdt khac nhau vdi tiihg loai te t}ao vd vdi tijhg boat chat khac nhau trong cung mdt loai te bao. Do vay, bong nghien cuU can khao sat lo^l elidtor thidi hdp cho te bao nudi cay cu tiie, cung nhu hoat chdt can sinh tong hc^. Khi nudi cay te bdo dua can (C. roseus) sir dung 2 kai elkjtor khac nhau la dich chiet oia nam T. viride va vanadyl sulfat, thi hoat chat thu dutfc lan ludt la ajmalidn vd cattiaranttiin [6,12]. Trong khi dd, cac dan chat ciia add jasmonic (add jasmonk; m^hyl jasmonat, ethyl jasmonat,...) lai dutfc sir dung pho bien vd ed hiiu qua trong sdn xuat cac hoat chat ciia nhieu loai te bdo kiidc nhau nhu* Panax sp., Taxus sp., Silybum marianum,... [8].
4.2. Nong do elicitor:
Ndng dp eliator ddng vai trd rat quan bxing bong qua trinh kfch thfch sinh hoat chat Niu sir dyng ndng dp thap, ca the hieu qua dap uhg chud dat yeu C3u; cdn neu sir dyng nong dd cao, od thi' Idm cho te bdo thut vat bi ch3, dan tdi giam hieu suat ciia san pham. Namdeo va cpng sU [6, 7] khi sir dung dich chiit nam T. viride de kich thfcii hoat chat ajmalidn trong nudi cay te bao dijei can d cac nong dp 0,5%, 5% vd 10%
cho thay, hdm lutfng ajmalidn cao nhat khi sir dung dich chiet elidtor d nong dp 5%. 6 nong dp ellcihDr Icfii hdn (10%), khoi luldng te bao giam, dong thcfi ham lutfng ajmalidn tao tiidnh cung thap. Oleu nay dutfc giai tiifch Id do tran than cac elicitiar cung la nhOhg yeu td bat Idl ddi vdi \a bdo, cae yeu td nay cho vdo mdi trudng nudi cay se ut che sU phat bien ciia te trao, neu sir dung ndng dp qud cao ed the gay diet l£ bao vd Idm cho tong khdi lUdng te bao thu dudc giam di.
4.3. Thdi gian tiep xuc giua tebao va elidtor:
Thdi gian tiep xiic cdng nhiiu thi khoi lutfng t i bao cang gidm, nhutig lai keo ddl qua binh STHHC tiTDng ^ bdo. Tuy nhiin, neu tiep b ^ keo
Tgp ChiTHdNG TIN YDlfQC So 8 ndm 2012
ddi thdi gian tiep xuc vdi elicitor se d i n den Idm tdng u t che sU phdt bi^n, lam cho te bdo diet nhieu hdn. Nghiin ciilj ciia Namdeo A.G. va cpng sU [7] eho tiiay, khi nudi cdy te bao C. roseus cho tiqD xuc vdi dich chiit T. viride trong 48 gid thi ham lutfng ajmalidn cao hdn khodng 3 lan so vdi khi tiip xuc d cac thdi gian 24,72 hay 96 gid.
4.4. Thdi diem ti^ xuc aia didtor vdi tibdo:
Trong nudi cay te bao tiiut vdt, sU phat bien ciia te bdo thudng trai qua 4 pha Idiac nhau: pha tiiich nghi, pha phat tiien, pha on djnh vd pha suy tan. Trong do, tir pha tiiich nghi den pha phdt bien te bao tdng anh v i so lutfng, qua trinh STHHC ttiudng xay ra chdm, nen ham lutfng hoat chat ttiap. Khi d i n pha dn djnh, qud binh STHHC dien ra manh hcfri, do vay ham lutfng hoat chat being te bdo dutfc tich lijy nhieu trong pha ndy. Vi vay, neu bd' sung elicitor vao pha 6n <^nh se kfch ttifdi manh hcJn qua binh STHHC vd Idm eho hdm lutfng boat chat trong te bdo eao hdn md khdng anh hudng nhleu den khdi lutfng te bdo tiiu dutfc. Trong nghien cuU ve sir dung eae dan chat cxia add jasmonc bong nudi cay te bdo sdm Ngpc Unh (Panax vietiiamensis), thdng do (Taxus wallidiiana) [1], khi bd sung elicitor vdo pha dn dinh tiii ham lutfng ginsenosid vd paditaxel cao hdii so vdi bd sung vdo cac pha khde eiia diu ky nudl cay.
4.5. Thanh phdn dinh dudng mil trudng:
Thanh phdn mdi tru'dng la yeu to quan trpng giup ^ bao phdt trien ve sd ludng cung nhu hdm lUdng hoat chat; ddc biit trong giai doan sir dyng elicitor. Du5 vdo cdc pha phdt bien ciia te bdo khde nhau, cdc nhd khoa hpc dua ra dilen
Bdng 1: So sdnh hiiu qud khi sddung cac elicitor tmng SKTBTV[8]
lutfc nudi cay 2 giai doan (tvi/o stage culture system) [3] vdi 2 mdi tru'dng khdc nhau eho moi pha (pha phdt bien vd pha dn djnh), nhdm tdng sinh hoat chat trong nudi cay. Tn/dc het, can chu y tao dUde mdi tru'dng thuan ldi d pha phdt tn^n de M bdo phdt bien tot nhat, tiiu dutfc khdi lutfng ^ bao cao nhat. Khi te bao chuyen sang pha dn djnh, se chuyen sang mdi trudng mdi de giup duy tri vd k i o ddi pha dn djnh, nhdm Idm cho qud trinh STHHC dUdc keo ddi hdn. Ngodi ra, trong thdi diem ndy cd tiie bd sung cdc tien chdt vd cdc elidtor gdp phan kich thfdi tdng STHHC d mire cao nhat. Chlen lUdc nay da dUde sir dyng thdnh cdng de cdi thien viic sdn xuat paditaxel vd baceatin III khi nudi cdy cdc loai thdng dd trong mdi trUdng Idng. Palazon J. vd cong sy* [9] khi nghiin CUIJ nuol cay ddng te bdo T. baccata da sir dung mdi budng B5 dUdc bo sung vdi sucrose (6,5%), fructose (0,5%), NAA (2 mg/1), BAP (0,1 mg/1) cho sUtdng du'dng va sau dd chuyen giao mdt moi tru'dng vdi 3%
saccarose, pidoram (2 mg/1) vd kinetin (0,1 mg/1) de tao thanh paditaxel vd baecabn III. Kit qud, ham lUdng paditaxel dat 1,58 mg/1, eao hdn so vdi khi sir dyng mot loai mdi tru'dng.
I I I . MOT SO KET QUA OAT D l / O C K H I SLf DUNG ELICITOR TRONG CONG NGHE SKTBTV
Hiin nay, elicitor da dUdc sir dyng nhU la cdng eu hu\j hieu trong nghien culi cung nhu uhg dung thUc te san xuat de tang hdm lUdng hoat chat.
Loai tS'bao nu6i dy Capsicum annuum Carthamus tinctorius Catharanthus roseus Catharanthus roseus Catharanthus roseus Datura stramonium Dioscorea deltoida Esdischoftzia calflbmica Lithospemiun evthiwhizon Nicotiana tabacum Panax ginseng Taxus baccata Taxus media
Cac ket qua cho elicitor deu cho hieu q khdng dung. Khi nud tinctorius de san xue dung elicitor Id chiet ham lUdng hoat chat
Elicitor su'dung Trichoderma viride Tao luc Penicillum sp.
Pythium sp.
Trichoderma viride Phytopthora megasperma Rhizopus arrhizus Dich chiet nam men Elicitor noi sinh Phytoptiiora cryptogea Selen
Methyl jasmonat Methyl jasmonat AgNOj thay, khi sir dung ua nhat djnh so vdi v
cay t i bdo Carthan t kinobeon A: neu (uat thd ciia tdo lyc dd tang tir 0,6 mg/1
Hoatchat Capsidol Kinobeon A Alkaloid indol Aimalicin Ajmalidn Cac akaloid nlwi tiophan Diogenin Sanquinarin Shikonin Capsidiol Ginsenosid Paditaxel Paditaxel cac iec 1US sir thi in
5,78 mg/1 ( khdc, khi sa ajmalidn b (Catharanth dung eliclb:
nhien, khi s
Noftg do hoat dtai Tnjd:l<hdLrx}€i±T
0 0,6 mg/1
3mg/q 0 79 pq /q 0,85 mq/q
134 mq/l 20 mq/i
0 0 Imq/I 0,4 mq/l 28,2 mq/l .ang khodng 9,5 n xuat thudc die ang nudi cay us roseus) eho t )r thi khdng a ii dyng chiet xua
Sau khi diing elicitor 4 mq/l 5,78 mg/1
9 mq/q 400 pq/l 166 uq/q 4,27 mq/q 230 mg/1 60 mq/l 2,8 mg/1 25 mq/l 1,33 mq/l 48,3 mq/l 110,3 mg/1 an) [5]. Mpt vf du J tri tang huyet dp te bao dij^ can lay, neu khdng sir
hoat chat. Tuy t thd eua loai nam
Tap chi THdNG TIN YDUQC Sd 8 nam 2012
Pythium sp. thi hdm lUdng ajmalidn tdng cao dat 400 pg/l mdi trUdng [ 2 ] .
Paditaxel la ho?t chat cd tdc dung d i i u bj ung thu c6 nguon goc blr cae lodi thdng dd (Taxus sp.). Trong nudi cdy te bdo tiidng dd, cdc lo^i elicitor hay dutfc sir dyng nhU djdi chiet te bdo ciia cac loai vi khuan (P. minioluteum, B. dnrea, V.
dahlliae), cdc elidtor vd sinh nhU La^^ V^^ Co"'^
Ag"^,... Yukimune Y. vd cdng si/ [14] khi nudi cSy te t ^ T. baccata da t h i m vdo mdi trudng 100 pM methyl jasmonat, ket qud Id ham lu^ng paditaxel da tdng tir 0,4 mg/1 l i n 48,3 mg/1.
I V . KET LUAN
Cdng nghe SKTBTV la hudng di mdi ddy bi^n vpng d i ' sdn xudt cdc hoat chdt, dSc bl§t la cac hoat chdt cd hdm lutfng ttidp trong cdy t i / nhien, cdc chat ed cau tiuc hda hpc dc\\Sc t^p khd tdng hdp hda hpc Tuy nhien, de d?t dui?c hl§u qud trong san xuat va uhg dung dutfc bong thi/e tiln thi phdi nghien oiU khao sat cdc dieu kien de te bdo phat bien ^ t nhat, ham ludng hoat chat cao nhat Trong dd, ddc biet Id cac nghiin ciiU ve cd che STHHC trong te bdo cung nhU cac biin phap tac ddng nham tang sinh hoat ciiat Cdc chat kfch thfch STHHC da va dang dUdc sir dung hieu qud trong nudi cay mdt sd te bao thUc vat Tuy nhien, de sir dung hiiu qud cdc elidtor, csn cd cdc nghiin culi khdo sat cdc y i u t d nhU loai elidtor, te bdo nudi cay, nong dp, thdi gian, thcfi diem tiip xuc vdi ^ bdo nudi cay. Ngodi ra, cac yeu t d ve mdi tnj'dng nudi cay cung nhU cac dieu kien nudl Ccy cun^dnh hudng b3l hiiu qua oia elidtor.
T A I L I E U T H A M KHAO
1. N g u y i n Van Long, V u Binh Du'dng: Nghien culi chat kfch thich sinh tong hqfp ginsenosid trong nudl cay te bao re sam Ngoc Linh (Panax vietnamensis).
TapdilYCH/gchgc Quan Sl/, 2010, 35(5), tr.18-23.
Z Dkssmo F , Quesnl A , Tallevi & £ . : Ino^ase synthese of ajmalon and cattiaranthin b/ oell suspensnn o i t i j e s of Catharanthus roseus in response to fiingal elidtor filtrates.
Af:plB>och&r}Bolechnoi, 1987,14,ppl07-112
3 DIcosmo F., M i s a w a M.: Plant cell and tissue culture: alternatives for metabolite production.
Biotechnoi Adv, 1995, 13, pp.425-453.
4 DooinburB H., Knoir D.: Strategies fix- the Impnwement of seoaidary metabolite production in plant cell cultures.
Enzyme MlaolplalTedinol, 1995,17, pp.674-684.
5. H a n a g a t a N., Uehara H . , I t o A., Tekeuchi T., Karube I . : Elicitor o f red pigment formation in Carthamus tinctorius culture cell. J Biotechnoi, 1994, 34, pp.71-77
6. N a m d e o A . G , PatN S., Fulzele D.P.: Influence of Fungal elldtors on production of ajmalidn by plantcell cultures o f Catharanthus roseus.
Biotechnoi Prog, 2002,18, m 159-162 7 N a m d e o A . G : Investigation on pilot scale
bloreactor with reference t o the synthesis of bloactive compounds from cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus. PhD. Thesis, Devi Miilya Vishwavldyaiya, Indore, M.P. India, 2004. pp,65-72 8. NamdeoiUS.: Plant eel e i d t a b a n b r n t x i i l c n of ssonbry metabotes. Ffmnacognosyl^viaM^2007, l,pp.^79.
9. Palazon J . , Cusido R.M., Bonffll M., Morales C , PInol M.T.: Inhibition o f paditaxel and baecabn I I I accumulabon by mevinolin and fosmidomycin in suspension cultures of Taxus baccata. J Biotechm^, 2003, 101, pp.57-163.
10. R a d m a n R., Saez T., Bucke C , Keshavarz T.:
Elicitabon of plant and microbial systems.
Biotechnoi Appi Biochem, 2003,37, pp.91-102.
11. R a o S.R., Ravishankar G.A.: Plant cell cultures:
chemical factories o f secondary metabdites, Biotedinol Adv, 2002, 20, pp.101-153.
12. S m U i J X , Smart NJ.,Misaw%Diai5moF.: Increase accumulation of indole alkaloKis by some oel lines of Catharanthus roseus in response to addition of vanadyl of vanadyl sulphate. PlancdiRep, 1987,6, pp.142-145.
13. Verpoorte R., M e m e l i n k ] . : Engineenng secondary metabolite production in plants. Ci//r Opin. Biotechnoi, 2002,13, pp. 181-187 14. Y u k i m u n e Y., T a b a t a H., Higashi Y., Hara Y.:
Metiiyl jasmonat induced over production of paditaxel and baceatin H I in Taxus cell suspension cultures. Nat Biotechnoi, 1996,14, pp.1129-1132 15. Zhaoa J.T., Lawrence C , Davisb, Robert V.' Ellotor signal transduction leading t o produchon of plant secondary metabolites. Biotechnoiogy Advances, 2005, 23, pp.283-333.S
VAT TiNH MACH
udng Thanh Tung', Tran Thiet Sdn"
ldiuy& ^'chut (Mn r r ^ lum doi ha can fMi du^ die phu de bdo ve to chut phia dudi. Cdc phau thuat vien tao hinh ludn phdi tim ftV nhuhg vat tddvit che phu sao vu^ ddm bdo chut nang die phu, vuB dam bao dnh dTam my thidi hep vdi King xung quanh. Vat tinh mach dudc de tsp nh^ tif nhdhg thap ni&i 80 d&i nay, vat od mot sduU di&n nhut chieu ddy vat mong, dephautkh.
phan. Khi phutffig phdp die phii lan can khdng co s i n hoac da that bai, cay ghep vi mach mau diuyei ddng chay tinh maiti tiianh ddng didy d&ig madi, da cung cap mpt lua chpn vat da ddc dao va sang tao 6& cai tiiien khd khdn titing phau tiiuat che phii khuyet hong phan mem aia bdn tay.
I . OAT V A N OE
Tdi tao da ehe phu md nwm ciia ban tay la mpt ttiach tiiut dang dien ra ddi vdi cac bac a phau tiiuat tao hinh. Ghep da khdng phdi liic nao cung ttilch hdp, vat da tai cho khdng phdi luc nao cung cd s i n va vat ti/ xa tiiu^ ddy, hoai b/ vd hoai ti!r mdt T h S . , B&nh vian Xanh Pon-Ha Ngl;
"PGS.TS., Tru'dng Dai hpc Y Hh 'm\
