Nghien ciiu - Trao ddi
CHIA §E THONE TIN GIUA CAC THU VIEIV VIEI\I HAIV LAM KHQA HOC XA HOI VIET IMAM: HIEIV TRAI\IG VA GIAI P H A P
ThS Nguyen Le Phuong Hoai Viin Thdng tin Khoa hoc xd hgi Tom tdt: De cap ngudn luc thdng tin, hogt ddng chia se thdng tin giiea cdc thu viin Viin Hdn ldm Khoa hoc xa hdi Viit Nam. Ddnh gid nhiing mi diim, hgn chevd de xudt mot sdgidi phdp ndng cao hiiu qud hogt ddng chia se thdng tin giiea cdc Thu vien Vien Hdn Ldm Khoa h(?c xd hdi Viit Nam.
TH khoa: Chia se thdng dn; ngudn luc thdng tin; thdng tin-thu vien; thu vien Vi^n Han iam KHXHVN; Vi6n Thdng tin Khoa hpc xa hgi.
Information sharing among libraries of Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences: the state of the art and solutions
Summary: Mentions information resources and information sharing between libraries of Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences; evaluates their advantages and shortcomings; sets forth some solutions to enhancing effectiveness of this activity.
Keywords: Information sharing; information resources; information and library; libraries of Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences; Institute of Social Sciences Information
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gudn luc thdng tin la thanh phan cua he thdng thdng tin, ddng thdi chinh la nguyen lieu dau vao ciia qua trinh hoat dpng thdng tin trong he thdng. Viec thieu cac yeu td dSu vao da tao ra mot thyc te can giai quyet, dd la viec chia se thdng tin giila eac CO quan thdng tin-thu vien (TT-TV). Chia se thdng tin la su hgp tac, phdi hgp lan nhau gitJa cac co quan TT-TV de dap ung kip thdi cac nhu cSu ciia ngudi diing tin ciia mdi co quan dd. Chia se thdng tin ehinh la qua trinh hgp tac giua cac thu vien nham huy dpng mpt each tdi da cae tiem nang thdng tin cua cac ca quan TT-TV [3]. Hgp tac chia se thong tin giiip cho CO- quan TT-TV nang cao hieu qua ti-ong viec xay dung ngudn vdn, bang each khdng bd sung nhiing tai lieu cd the cd dugc thong qua hgp tae lien thu vien de chia se thdng tin, tap trung bd sung nhung tai lieu can thiet nhat, phu hgp nhat cho ddi tugng chinh sii dung [1].I. He thdng thu vien Vien Han Iam Khoa hgc xa hpi Viet Nam va hoat dpng chia se thong tin
I. Khdi qudt hi thdng thu vien Vien Hdn ldm Khoa hoc xd hoi Viet Nam
He thdng thu vien Vien Han lam Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam (HLKHXHVN) hien nay gdm 1 thu vien tdng hgp la Thu vien Khoa hpc xa hdi va 31 thu vien chuyen nganh cua 32 vi$n nghien cuu va don vi true thudc [6].
Day la nhirng co sd phuc vu cho cdng tac nghien cuu khoa hpc ciia Vien HLKHXHVN va nhieu yeu cku khac eiia xa hpi ve khoa hpc xa hpi va nhan van. Cac thu viSn Vien HLKHXHVN luu giii ngudn lyc thdng tin v6 KHXH&NV ldn nhat ca nude trong dd cd nhieu bd suu tap tai lieu quy hidm dugc coi la tai san qudc gia, di san van hoa dan tpc nhu cac ban van khac Han Ndm, van bia, thu tich cd, huong udc... va nhieu loai tai lieu dae biet khac nhu anh ljch sii, ban dd... Ngudn tai nguyen thdng tin cdn bao gdm nhieu loai tai lieu "cha't xam" phong phii, da dang vd hau het cac Iinh vuc nhu van hpc, sii hoc, dan tdc hgc, khao co hpc, kinh te hpc... la ket qua nghien cuu khoa hpc cua Vien HLKHXHVN trong hon 60 nam xay dung va phat trien, trong dd cd nhieu cdng trinh khoa hoc tieu bieu dugc Dang va Nha nudc Viet Nam danh gia cao va dugc trao tang cac danh hieu cao quy la Giai thudng Hd Chi Minh va Giai
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thudng Nha nudc. Ben canh do 32 tap chi khoa hgc do cac vien nghien cuu Vien HLKHXHVN xuat ban, hang nam cung cap mdt sd lugng ldn cac an pham tap chi khoa hgc, phan anh cac di&n dan trao ddi hpc thuat hiiu ich, cung cap va phd bien thdng tin KHXH&NV ciia Viet Nam va nhieu qudc gia, khu vyc tren the gidi.
2. Hogt ddng chia se thdng tin giiea cdc thu vien Viin Hdn ldm Khoa hoc xd hoi Viet Nam
Nhu tren da trinh bay, cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN luu gii> ngudn tu lieu khoa hpc Idn va nguon tu lieu nay duge bd sung va phat trien khdng ngirng. Hang nam, Vien HLKHXHVN danh kinh phi tu hoat ddng khoa hoc cho viec mua sach, bao, tap chi, tu liSu d trong nudc va xii Iy thdng tin, bao quan saeh bao, thuc hien tin hpc hoa cdng tac thu vien. Ngoai ngudn kinh phi dugc cap cho hoat ddng thudng xuyen, Vien HLKHXHVN cdn cung cap mdt lupng ngoai te de mua sach bao ngoai van cho cac thu vien [5]. Tuy nhien, ngudn luc thdng tin cua mdi thu vien khdng the dap ling mpt each tdi da nhu cau thdng tin ciia ngudi dung tin. Mdt trong nhiing phuong phap hiiu hieu nhat de lam tang ngudn luc thdng tin cung nhu tang cudng kha nang eung cap thdng tin cua cac co quan thu vien do chinh la hgp tac trao ddi, chia se thdng tin.
Trong nhieu nam qua, cac hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN thudng tien hanh theo cac dang thuc sau:
- Bien sogn, xudt bdn cdc dn phdm thdng tin gui din cdc thu vien trong cUng he thd'ng:
Ngay tii nhiing nam mdi thanh lap, Vien HLKHXHVN da cd sy quan tam dae biet den hoat ddng bien soan, xuat ban cac an pham thdng tin nham phd bien cac ket qua nghien cuu khoa hpc cua Vien HLKHXHVN, cung cg'p nhiing thdng tin KHXH&NV cua Viet Nam va cac nudc tdi cdng ddng cac nha khoa hgc va nhung ngudi cd nhu eau. Mdi nam Vien HLKHXHVN xuat ban hang tram cudn sach.
gan 400 sd tap chi, hang tram tap kien nghi khoa hpc va hang tram tap thu myc bao gdm cac loai: Thu muc thdng bao sach mdi; Thu myc chuyen de; Tai Ueu phuc vu nghien cuu.
c a c an pham thdng tin sau khi duoc bien soan, xuat ban se dugc gui tdi cac thu vien trong he thdng de phue vu nhu cau tin eiia ngudi dung.
- Trao ddi thdng tin tren mgng Internet:
Nam 2004, Vien HLKHXHVN duge d k tir xay dyng Cdng thdng tin dien i\x (Cdng TTDT) tai dia chi: http://www.vass.gov.vn.
Cdng TTDT Vien HLKHXHVN hoat dpng nhu la kenh thdng tin chinh thuc ciia Vien HLKHXHVN tren mang Intemet, cung cap thdng tin cap nhat gidi thieu v6 Vien HLKHXHVN va cac vien nghien ciiu true thudc, ve cac mat hoat dpng cua Vx$n trong dd tap trung vao 3 mat hoat dpng trpng tam, do la hoat ddng nghien ciiu khoa hpc, dao tao sau dai hpc va tu van ehinh sach trong eac Hnh vyc KHXH&NV [4]. Cac hoat ddng tuyen truyen, cung cap thdng tin khoa hgc dugc chO trpng, dac biet la he thdng xuat ban pham, thu vien dien tu va kho tin KHXH ra't ed gia tri nham hd trg cho cac nha khoa hpc va nhiSu ddi tugng ngudi diing tin cd nhu eau thu thap, tham khao thdng tin trong linh vyc KHXH&NV cua Viet Nam va cac qudc gia, khu vyc tren the gidi. Mdi day, Cdng TTDT dugc nang cap n h i m xSy dung hoan chinh he thdng mang thdng tin dien tu ndi bd ciia Vien HLKHXHVN, hinh tiianh mdt he thd'ng lien ket chat che, quan ly hieu qua cac ngudn tai nguyen thdng tin cua co quan phyc vu cho cdng l^e chi dao, didu hanh cua lanh dao cac cap va tao nen mdi trudng Iam viec cpng tac, chia se thdng tin giua cac don vi, cac phong ban chuyen mdn [5].
- Phdi hop triin ldm sdch bdo nhdn dip cdc ngdy li ldn trong ndm: Nhan dip ky niem nhung ngay le ldn trong nam cac thu vien thudng phdi hgp vdi nhau de td chii-c cac cupc tiien lam sach nham gmo due va phat huy truydn thd'ng nganh KHXH ddng tiidi tang
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Nghien ciiu - Trao ddi
cudng hgp tac giiia cac thu vien trong he thd'ng, tao ra cac dgt hoat ddng sdi ndi cua he thdng cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN. Vi du:
Nam .2010 trong dip chao mung dai 16 nghin nam Thang Long-Ha Npi, Vien HLKHXHVN phdi hgp vdi Thu vien Ha Ndi, Thu vien Qudc gia,... td chuc trien Iam sach tai Trung tam trien lam Giang Vd, Ha Npi. Nam 2008 va 2013 Vien HLKHXHVN td chuc trien lam sach phdi hgp giira cac thu vien true thudc nhan dip ky niem 55 nam va 60 nam thanh lap Vien HLKHXHVN...
- Cho muon tdi lieu giiea cdc vien true thudc he thd'ng: Day la mpt trong nhijng bien phap phdi hgp hoat dpng nham thoa man day dii va thiet thyc yeu clu ciia ngudi diing tin vg tai lieu, thiic day viec su dung kho sach cua cac thu vien trong cung mpt he thdng. Hang thang, Vien Thdng tin KHXH bien soan rdi gui thu muc thdng bao sach mdi v6 cae thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN tdi cac thu vien trong he thdng de ngudi diing tin cd the tham khao va muon nhiing tai Heu can dpc. Ben canh do, c a sd dii lieu ''Sdch eiia ede thu vien true thudc Viin KHXHVN' cung thudng xuyen dugc tich hgp, ngudi dung tin cd the tra ciiu, tim kiem tai lieu can dung d bat ky mot may tinh nao trong he thd'ng thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN.
3. Ddnh gia hogt ddng chia se thdng tin giua cdc thu viin Viin Hdn Ldm Khoa hoc xd hoi Viet Nam
Danh gia ve thyc trang hoat dpng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vien Vien HLKHXH cho thay nhiing uu, nhugc diem sau day:
a) Uu diim
- Cac thu vien Vien KHXHVN cd co sd ha tang khang trang, tien nghi, trang tiiiet bi hien dai phyc vu cdng tac chuyen mdn nghiep vu ciia hon 2.000 can bp Vien cung nhu phyc vu tra cihi, khai thac va su dung thdng tin ciia ngudi dung tin ngoai Vien. Ngudn kinh phi dugc cap cho cac thu vien dn dinh, nam sau ludn cao hon nam trudc. Dpi ngu can bp thu
vien cd trinh dp chuyen mdn, nghiep vy cao, thanh thao tin hpc va ngoai ngu.
- Cac hinh thuc chia se thdng tin dugc td chiic rat linh hoat nhu: bien soan cac an pham thdng tin gui den cac thu vien trong cung he thd'ng; trao doi thdng tin tren mang Intemet;
phdi hgp trien Iam sach bao nhan dip cac ngay 16 Idn trong nam; cho mugn tai lieu giua cac thu vien trong he thdng.
- c a c dang ngudn tin de chia se rat da dang: Cac san pham thdng tin dang in (sach, tap chi, thu muc thdng bao sach mdi, thu myc chuyen d6, tai lieu phyc vu nghien ciiu - tin nhanh, tin dac biet.); Cac co sd du lieu; Cac san pham sao chup; Thdng tin tren mang Intemet.
- Linh hoat, mem deo vdi nhiing c a che sao chup, trao ddi, cho mugn giiia cac thu vien.
- Cd the ndi hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN da dem Iai nhiing hieu qua thiet thyc, tao mdi quan he gan bd, tinh than doan ket, tuong trg giua cae thu vien trong he thdng, cung nhau khac phuc khd khan nham muc dich phuc vy tdt hon mgi nhu cau cua ngudi dung tin.
- He thdng thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN da cd mpt cdng thdng tin dien tu (dia chi:
http://www,vass.gov,vn) lien ket toan he thdng tao dieu kien cho boat dpng chia se thdng tin giiia eac thu vien. Cac dich vu hiiu ich cho hoat ddng chia se thdng tin tren cdng thdng tin gdm: dich vu tim kiem, tia ciru thdng tin; dich vu tra cuu true tuyen c a sd dii lieu thu vien dien tu Vien HLKHXHVN; dich vu chia se tai nguyen thdng tin trong mang npi bd Vien HLKHXHVN.
b) Hgn chi
- Hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN didn ra khdng ddng deu, thd'ng nhat giua tat ca cac thu vien trong cdng he thdng ma chi thudng diln ra giiia cac thu vien d cung khu vuc dia ly hay giiia eac thu vien ciia cac vien nghien ciiu cd cung
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chuyen nganh khoa hpc. Sd di nhu vay la do cac can bd thu vien d cung try sd iam viec, thudng cd su quen biet lln nhau, viee chia se thdng tin nhu cho muon, trao ddi... cung cd nhieu thuSn lgi. Cac thu vi6n thupc cac vien ngliien cuu cd cung chuyen nganh khoa hpc vdi nhau cd ngudn tai IiSu chuyen nganh phuc vy nhu cau tham khao, nghi6n cuu chuyen sau cua ngudi diing tin nen viec chia se thdng tin cung thudng xuyen dien ra.
- Hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giua cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN chua cd mdt quy che chung thdng nh^t, chi dua tren su thda thuan giiia cac thu vien hay su quen biet cua eac can bp thu vien vdi nhau,
- Ket qua ciia hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vi6n Vi$n HLKHXHVN chua dugc Vien HLKHXHVN dpng vien khen thudng kip thdi, do do chua kich thich duoc cae thu vien tang cudng phdi hgp hoat ddng chia se thdng tin.
Tdm lai, hoat dpng chia se thdng tm giiia cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN diln ra tuy chua ddng deu nhung eung da dem lai nhiing hieu qua dang ke giup cho cac thu vi$n trong h$ thdng su dyng chung ngudn lue thong tin cua nhau nham thda man nhu cau ngay eang cao cua ngudi dung tin. Nhiing hoat dpng nhu:
Phdi hgp trien lam saeh bao, cho mugn lln nhau giiia cac thu vien, trao ddi tai lieu, trao ddi CSDL giua cac thu vien,... da mang lai nhung hi$u qua nhat dinh, thuc day boat dpng cua he thdng thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN ngay cang phat ti-ien.
II. Giai phap nSng cao hieu qua hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giua cac thu vien V16n Han lam Khoa hpc xa hpi Viet Nam
Nhiing giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng chia se thdng tin giiia cae thu vien Vien Han lam KHXHVN dugc de xul!t gdm:
1. Tdng cuong vai trd qudn ly cua Vien Hdn Ldm Khoa hoc xa hdi Viet Nam
Vdi vai trd la ca quan chii quan cua he
thdng 32 Vien nghien cuu khoa hpc true thudc, trong nhiing nam tdi Vien HLKHXHVN c ^ tien hanh mdt sd hudng hoat ddng sau cho hoat dpng TT-TV:
- Xay dung chuong trinh hoat dpng cho toan he thdng va xay dung Quy che hoat ddng ciia he thdng tiiu vien Vien HLKHXHVN mang tinh van ban Nha nudc.
- Tiep tuc chi dao doi mdi va nang cao chat lugng hoat ddng, hieu qua phuc vu ngudi dung tin cua cac thu vien trye thudc he thdng, diy manh ung dyng CNTT trong toan hS thd'ng.
- De ra quy ehe hoat dpng £ua tiing thu vien, trong do nhiem vu ehia se thdng tin dugc dat thanh radt mue trong quy che.
- Danh gia boat ddng cua cac thu vien trong he thdng, xet cac thu vien va ca nhan can bp thu vien xuat sac de cd nhiing hinh thtic khen thudng kip thdi.
2. Ddy mgnh cdng tdc nghien ciiu vd chi dgo nghiip vu thu viin
De he thdng cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN ti:d thanh trung tam thdng tin KHXH&NV dau nganh, trong nhung nam tdi, Vi6n HLKHXHVN can chi dao eac thu vien trong h6 thdng tien hanh cac cdng tac sau:
- Nghien cuu nhu c^u tin cua eac ddi tugng ngudi diing tin cua tung thu vien trye thudc h6 thdng, tu dd dua ra buc tranh cho toan he thdng. Day la mdt cdng vi$e ldn vi neu khdng nam dugc nhu clu tin cua ngudi diing tin tin vice phuc vu se khd cd the lam tdt dugc.
- Tien hanh tieu ehuan hoa tat ca cac quy trinh nghiep vu, thuc hien nguyen tac thdng nhat tiong tl!t ca cac quy trinh nghiep vy, quy tiinh xu ly va khai thac thdng tin, dac biet nghiSn cuu chuan hoa va hoan thien cac ng6n ngu tim tin, phan loai, tu chuan, tu khoa... de tao dilu ki6n cho cac thu vien ed tiie chia se tiidng tin tren mang.
- Td chuc cac cupc hpi nghi, hdi thao tiao ddi nghiSp vu giiia cac thu vien.
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Nghien ciiu - Trao ddi
- Tang cudng vai tid quan ly la hudng din nghiep vy ddi vdi cac thu vien tiong he thdng bang each thudng xuyen tao mdi quan he nam bat tinh hinh nghiep vy cua cac thu vien va nhiing kien nghi, de xuat eua cac thu vien dd dua ra nhiing bien phap khac phuc.
- xay dung ke hoach td chiic cac ldp hpc bdi duong cho can bd thu vien ve cac van dS nghiep vu thu vien.
3. Tgo Cff chi thugn loi cho hogt ddng chia se thdng tin
- xay dyng vdn tai lieu phong phii dap ung nhu clu ngay cang cao cua ngudi diing tin, dac biet la vdn tai lieu KHXH&NV.
- Thdng tin cho nhau nhihig danh muc sach mdi bd sung theo tiing thang, tung quy, dac biet la ngudn bd sung qua mang Intemet. Cac thu vien cd trach nhiem phan cdng, khai thac va thdng bao cho nhau ve tai heu KHXH&NV cd tiong thu vien minh cho cac thu vien khac theo hinh thuc thdng tin thu myc hoac thdng qua CSDL ciia minh.
- Thdng nhat the thuc va quy trinh cho mugn giiia cac thu vien. Viec cho muon tai lieu giiia cac thu vien phai la hoat dpng thudng xuyen va cin cd nhting quy dinh cu the trong quy che hoat ddng cua lien hiep thu vien ddi vdi tung loai hinh tai lieu.
4. Xdy dung muc luc lien hop true tuyin De tien Igi cho viec thdng tin trao ddi va cho mupn tai lieu, tranh bd sung trung lap, cac tiiu vien Vien HLKHXHVN can hgp tac xay
dyng muc luc lien hgp trye tuyen phan anh tai li6u dat mua, tai lieu thupc ITnh vuc KHXH&NV... phyc vu eho nhu cau nghien cuu cua ngudi dung tin.
5. Tgo dieu kiin thudn loi cho hogt dpng chia se thdng tin
- Thd'ng nhat xu Iy nghiep vu theo Ueu chuan qudc gia ve cac mat: md ta, phan loai, dinh tii khda, tii chuan, tdm tat ndi dung. Tien tdi su dyng chung mdt phan mem trong he thd'ng cac thu vien Vien HLKHXHVN. Hinh thanh mpt each thong nhat c^c he thdng tim tin hflu hieu: muc luc Ii6n hpp tai lieu, myc lue tai lieu nudc ngoai...
- Xay dyng md hinh phat trien He thd'ng thu vien dien tu Vien HLKHXHVN, ket ndi thuc hien dich vy tta cuu trye tuyen eac CSDL thu vien tien Cdng thdng tin dien tu.
Ket luan
Hoat dpng chia se thdng tin giiia cac thu vien trye thudc Vien HLKHXHVN da dem lai nhiing hieu qua dang ke. Viec duy tri, cung CO va phat trien hoat dpng nay la yeu cau can thiet va cap bach nham muc dieh phat huy kha nang rieng le cua tiing thu vien, khae phuc tinh biet lap, tao didu kien cho cac thu vien hd tro nhau tao ra mpt ngudn luc chung, tang cudng tiem nang ciia tiing thu vien, phyc vy kip thdi cho yeu clu hgc tap, nghien cuu khoa hpc ciia tung Vien nghien Cliu khoa hge ndi rieng va cua ca Vien HLKHXHVN ndi chung.
Tai lieu t h a m k h a o
1, Ha Le Hiing (2002), "Hpp tac lien thif vien va kinfi
• ngfiiem tii dtr an CASLIN", Ban tin lien fiiep cac trtfong dai fioc kfiu vuc phia Nam, (11), tr.11-17.
2, Nguyin Huy Chuang (2001), Chia se nguon luc thong tin - Kinh nghiem thu vien My va giai phap cho thir vien Viet Nam: ky yeu Hoi nghi "Chia se nguon luc thong tin", tr, 5-11, 3, Nguyen Le Phuong Hoai (2010), Chia se thong tin giua cac thu vien true thuoc Vien Khoa hoc xa hoi Viet Nam,
Luan van thac sy khoa hpc thu vien.
4, Vien Khoa hpc Xa hpi Viet Nam (2010), Bao cao dau tu dy an 9au tu nang cap cong thong tin dien tu Vien Khoa hoc Xa hoi Viet Nam,
5, Vien Khoa hoc Xa hoi Viet Nam, Bao cao tdng ket cac nam 2010,2011,2012,2013
6, http://www,vass,gov,vn/noidung/thuvien/pages/gioi- thieu.aspx
(Ngdy Toa sogn nhdn duoc bdi: 14-7-2014; Ngdy phdn bien ddnh gid: 8-11-2014; Ngdy chdp nhdn ddng: 01-12-2014).
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