KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H |
UlVe DLING COIXIB I\I6HE Vl£lM THAM V A E I 5 TIIANH LAP BAIM 0 6 l\IEAP LLJT TilXIH BilMH OflXIH
Hd Vdn Hda^ S i t o Thj Thu Thdo'
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Binh Djnh Id m$t tinh duygn hai mi^n Trung ciia nudc ta, trai da! 110 km tfaeo hudng Bdc Nam, c6 dac didm vd khi hdu, thiiy van vd dia hinh phiic tap. Id noi diiu dnh hudng nhieu ciia hdu h^t cac lo^i thidn tai thudng xiiy£n x ^ ra a Vi#t Nam. D$c bt^ Id ngdp lut a ddy x ^ ra vdi tdn su^ cao vdi mtic dd thidt hai rdt ldo. Trong nhflng nam qua vdi su quan tam ddu tu ctia Trung uong vd chinh quydn dia phuong, nhidu bidn phap ph6ng chdng ngap lilt da dugc thgc hidn ndn phdn nao da han chd mtic do dii^ hai do bao, Iu gay ndn. T ^ nhign cdng tdc chi huy, chi dgo ciia cac cdp chinh quydn va su chii ddng ciia ddn cu trong phdng chdng n g ^ liJit con han chd do nhidu nguydn nhdn chii quan va khdch quan. Mgt frong nhflng nguyen nhdn do Id cdng cti phgc vu cho cdng tdc phong tranh con chua ddy dti, thidu nhdng cong cu mang tinh triK: quan vd muc dp anh hudng cua ngdp Igt cOng vdi nhan thtic vd miic dd nguy hidm ciia ngap lut ciia cac cdp, cdc ngdnh cQng nbu cdng ddng dan cu cdn hgn chd. Nhdm ddp ting mdt phdn nhtmg y6u cdu trSn, vi€c tidn bdnh nghidn ciiu ung d^ng cdng nghg vi§n tham va GIS dd thdnh 1 ^ ban dd ngdp lut la mgt vigc hdt sue can diidt nham nang cao chdt Iugng cdog tdc phdng chdng ngdp lut ban chd ddo mtic didp nhdt nhung thigt hai do ng|p Igt gay ra.
Tir khda: Bin dd, cdngnghe vidn thim c^bg thdng thdng tin dia ly (GIS), n^p lot. Binh Binh.
I.B^TV/WDE
Trong khoang chuc ndm frd Iai ddy, nhiing trdn Iii lut xay ra ngay cang tdng vdi cudng dd manh d cac nudc frdn thd gidi. Vidt Nam hidn la qudc gia dung thii 5 frong 10 nudc chju dnh hudng ndng nhdt ciia hidn tugng bidn ddi khi hdu vd nudc bidn ddng, vdi hdng chtic can bdo nhidt ddi va dgt lu ldn mdi ndm.
Trgng vdng 10 ndm (ndm 2000 ddn ndm 2010) da xay ra 96 trdn lii qudt dnh hudng tdi cdc vimg ddn cu, ldm chdt va mdt tich 883 ngudi b) thuong gdn 1.500 ngudi. Hon 6.000 cdn nhd bj dd frdi, 120.000 cdn nhd bj ngdp, hu hgi ndng, 132.000 ha liia vd hoa mdu bj ngiy), hang trdm ha ddt canh tdc bi viii lap, nhidu cdng trinh giao thdng, thuy lgi, ddn smh kinh td b) hu hdng ndng nd, tdng thidt hgi udc tinh frdn 6.000 trddng...
Vdi tinh hinh dd, vide nghidn ciiu cdc gidi p h ^ phdng chdng Iu lut gidm thidu cdc thidt hgi ve ngudi vd cua cai Id hdt siic cdn thiet Cdc giai phdp xay dgng dd didu, hd chiia, cai tao Idng sdng... ket hgp vdi cdc bidn p h ^ trdng rimg, bdo vd rung, xay dung cdc phuong dn phdng trdnh lu vd di ddn khi cd thdng tin dv bdo IG chinh xdc dugc thuc hidn. V i ^ dg bdo vd cdnh bdo ngdp l\it Id rdt can thidt nhdm giam thidu thl^t hgi vd ngudi vd cua.
' Tiudng D^i bgc Lam oghifp
Mat khde, vdi su phdt tridn manh me ciia cdng nghd thdng tin, ddc hidt Id cdng nghd vidn thdm vd hd thdng thdng tin dia Iy (GIS), vide iing dgng frong gidm s d t quan ly tdi nguydn thidn nhidn dang thuc su phuc vu con ngudi, mang lgi hidu qud cao frong nhidu lmh vgc. Kdt qud nghidn ciiu ciia dd tdi sd Id tdi Udu cdn Ihidt Idm c a sd dd minh chiing vide ling dgng cdng nghd vidn tham vd GIS trong gidm sdt, quan ly hidn tugng tu nhidn vd tdi nguydn thidn nhidn.
2 . 1 0 DUItt, RMNG PHAP WH£N Cliu 2.1. Ndi dung nghidn o h i
- Xdy dt^ng ban dd ngdp Igt di^a trdn tu Udu anh vdtmh.
- So sdnh didn tich hi ngdp Igt xdc dinh frdn ban do sau khi xdy dung va didn tich nglp lut theo sd Udu bdo cdo thdng kd thuc td.
- Ddnh gid do chinh xdc ciia ban dd ngdp Igt dugc xdy dtmg bdng tu Udu anh vd tinh.
2.2. Phuong p h ^ nghidn cihi
+ Phuong phdp thu th|p sd Udu: Tai Udu thu thdp dugc bao gdm: Anh Radar Alos Palsar chyp ngdy 03/09/2009. Anh Radar Alos Palsar chyp ngdy 05/11/2009 vdi dd phdn giai 10 m. Ban dd sd hidn trang sir dung ddt ndm 2010 ctia tinh Bmh Dinh. Bdn dd dia hinh ty Id 1/50.000. Cdc sd Udu tiidng kd vd ca bdo sd 11 ndm 2009 tgi tinh Binh Dinh.
123
KHOA HQC CONG NGHE
Hmh 1. Anh Radar Alos Palsar chup ngay 03/09/2009 vd chup ngdy 05/11/2009 + Phuong phip xuly sd lieu: Sir dung cdng nghd
vidn tham (phan mdm ENVI) dd xii Iy tu hdu anh.
Dung chiic nang phan tich khong gian cua phdn mem Mapinfors tien hanh chdng ghep ban do hien frang ngap lut.
+ Phirong phip phin tich thdng kd: Cac sd Udu dugc xii ly fren bang tinh EXCEL va thdng qua ket qua tinh toan, xii ly de so sanh, danh gia va nit ra kdt luan can thiet
-f Phuong phip chuydn gia: Xin y kidn cac chuyen gia frong Unh vuc vidn tham va GIS, kdt hgp nghidn ciru cac cdng trinh da cdng bd, tir dd lua chgn, ke thira va van dung cd chgn lgc nhiing van de phu hgp vdi ndi dung nghien ciiu.
3. KET QUA NGHIBU CUU VA THAU LUAN
3.1. Sa lugc vd con bao sd 11 (thang 11 nam 2009) d tinh Bmh Dinh
Ddu thang 11 nam 2009, con bao sd 11 cd ten la Mirinae da dd bd xudng cac tinh Nam Trung bd nudc ta, Tai Binb Dinh, Iu bat ddu len cao tu tdi ngay 2 thang 11 nam 2009 va muc nudc do dugc b tram Thanh Hda vugt miic bao ddng 3 gan 1,2 m. Day la miic cao nhat frong vdng 40 nam qua, Muc nudc d sdng Ha Thanh len nhanh fren miic nguy hiem, bao vay cac huyen An Nhon, Tuy Phudc, thanh phd Quy Nhon, gay ngap va chia cdt nhidu khu vuc.
Theo sd heu thdng ke Iugng mua do dugc d cac fram tir 01 gid ngay 2 thang 11 nam 2009 den 13 gid ngay 4 thang 11 nam 2009 fren khu vuc thanh phd Quy Nhan la 371 mm, Tuy Phudc 801 mm, luu vuc sdng Binh Tudng CTay Son) la 205 mm, Thanh Hda
(An Nhon) la 460 mm, luu vuc sdng La Tinh (Phii My) la 248 mm, Phii Cat 394 mm, luu vuc sdng Lai Giang (An Hod) la 309 mm, tai Bdng Son 172 mm, Hoai An la 256 mm, frdn luu vuc sdng Cdn tai Vmh San (Vinh Thanh) Id 313 mm, Van Canh la 42 mm.
Theo sd Udu thdng kd cua tinh Binh Dinh v^
miic dd thidt hai do con bao sd 11 gdy ra: Tinh ddn tdi 5/11, bao sd 11 da lam 18 ngudi chdt, 34 ngudi bi thuong, 348 nha sdp hodn toan, 4.592 nha hu hdng v^
sd nha bj ngap nudc la 51.750 nha, 4.240 ha Iiia va 6.105 ha hoa mau bi nga dd, ngap nudc, 2.294 con frau, bd va 16.934 con Ign bi chdt, nudc cudn frdi...
Tdng thiet hai fren toan dia ban tinh udc tinh l^n den 1047 ty ddng, frong dd ridng Khu Cdng nghi&p Phii Tai udc tinh thiet hgi khoang 300 ty ddng. Ddy la mdt frong rat nhidu cac con bao ma cac tinh d khu vuc nay phai ganh chiu hang ndm.
3.2. Thdnh Idp bdn dd ngdp lut
3.2.1. Xu ly tu lieu anh, xiy dung /cip thdng tin hien tiang nudc ngap
Tir tu Ueu anh vd tmh tai hai thdi didm (anh Radar Alos Palsar chup ngay 03/09/2009 trudc thdi diem ngap lut va anh Radar Alos Palsar chgp ngay 05/11/2009 tai thdi didm nggp lut), tidn hanh xti ly anh va xay dung, bien tap ldp thdng tin hien trgng nudc ngap.
Be tidn hanh xu ly anh vd tmh cdn phai qua cdc budc sau: Nhap anh -»tdng cudng chdt lugng anh -+
hieu chinh hmh hge —» phdn loai anh —» chuydn kdt qua phdn Ioai sang dgng vecta ~f xuat sang phan mem Mapinfors 9.5 dd xdy dung va bidn tap Idp hidn frgng nudc ngdp.
124 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 9/2014
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHt Trudc thdi diem ngip lut
r
Tai thdi diem ngap lut
Hinh 2. Ldp thdng tin hidn trang trudc va tai thdi didm ngdp
3.2.2. Bien tip ban dd ngap lut 2010, tien hanh chdng xep cac ldp thdng tin va hoan Sau khi co dugc ldp thdng tin ve hien trang thien ban dd ngap lut
ngap. kdt hgp vdi ban dd hien frang su dung dat nam
^ r
^ ;
Hmh 3. Bdn dd tgi thdi didm nggp lut tinh Bmh Dinh
3.3. Ddnh gid dO chinh xdc kdt qud thdnh Igp bdn ban dd hien frang ngap lut giai doan tir anh vd tinh. ta dd so sanh dien tich thu nhdn dugc frdn ban dd vdi sd
Dd ddnh gia chat lugng ctia ket qua xdy dtmg Ueu thdng ke ve thiet hai cua frdn lut.
BSiiK T6n huy$n An Nhon Phu Cat Tay Son TP.Quy Nhon Tuy Phu6c van Canh Tong
1. Miic do chgn So li^u tinh
toan (ha) 6.148 5.818 2.181 4.732 10.450
545 29.874
1 ]§ch nubc ngap f Sd lieu thong
ke (mm) 460 394 205 371 801 42 2.273
riOa so ligu tinh t Ty le tinh
toan (%) 20,58 19,48 7,30 15,84 34,98 1,82 100
oan va so l i ^ xhC Ty le thong
ke(%) 20,24 17,33 9,02 16,32 35,24 1.85 100
n g k e Chenh l^ch (+) tang, (-) giam
+0,34 +2,15 -1,72 -0,48 -0.26 - 0,03
125
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Bang 1 cho thay sd Udu thu dugc theo tiidng ke cita tinh va sd Ueu xac dinh fren ban dd hien frang ngap lut sau giai doan cd su chdnh lech. Tuy nhien su chenh ldch nay khdng dang kd. Cac huydn cd su chenh lech ldn nhat do la huyen Phu Cat tang 2,15%, huyen Tay San giam 1,72% va mgt sd huyen chenh lech rat it nhu huydn Tuy Phudc giam 0,26%, thanh phd Quy Nhan giam 0,48%, An Nhon tang 0,34%.
Nguyen nhan ddn ddn kdt qua nhu fren la do khi sir dung anh dd giai doan tai cac huyen nay cd chiia cac ddi tugng la sdng, hd ngap thudng xuydn, khi hi ngap Igt thi cac ddi tugng ngap mdi thudng cd bi Idn cac ddi tugng ngap thudng xuyen nen frong qua trinh phdn Ioai cac ddi tugng se bi nham Idn,
Mat khac sd hdu thdng kd va tu Udu anh chup dugc khdng trimg khdp vdi nhau tai 1 thdi diem ndn
Bang 2. Thdng kd didn tich bi
se cd su sai lech (Sd Ueu Ihdng kd thu dugc vao 13 gid ngay 4/9/2009 cdn tu Ueu anh chup ngay 5/9/2009).
Ty ie chenh Idch giiia sd Udu tinh toan va sd Ueu thdng kd deu nhd hon 3% hoan toan cd thd chap nhan dugc vdi ban dd ty Id 1: 50000.
Nhu vay, cd the thdy rd kha nang ung dtmg cua vidn iham va GIS frong thanh lap ban dd ngap lut va xac dinh miic dp thiet hai do lu Igt gay nen.
3.4. Miic dd anh hudng ciia ngdp Igt ddn cac lo?i sir dung ddt
De thdng kd didn tich ngap lut vd miic dd anh hudng cua ngap lut fren ban dd ta su dung cdng cti tinh dien tich cua cac ddi tugng dang vitng frong phan mem Mapinfors 9.5,
ngdp frdn didn tich cdc logi hinh SDD STF
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Loai dat D^t tr6ng cay hang nam Dat chuyen trong liia nuoc Dat trong cay hang nam khac Dat trong cay lau nam Dat rimg san xuat Diit rung phong ho Dat rimg dac dung E>at nuoi trong thiiy san Dat lam muoi Dat a tai nong thon D a t o t a i d o thi Dat chuygn dung Dat quoc phong Dat khu cong nghiep Dat CO so san xuat, ldnh doanh Dat thuy loi
Dat CO so y te
Dat CO so nghien ciiu khoa hoc Dat ton giao, tin nguang Dat nghia trang, nghia dia D^t s6ng, ngoi, k6nh, rach, suoi Dat CO mat nuoc chuyfen diing Dat phi nong nghiep khac
Ma SDD CHN LUC HNK CLN RSX RPH RDD NTS LMU ONT ODT CDG CQP SKK SKC DTL DYT DKH TTN NTD SON MNC PNK
Di6n tich (ha) 19.860,0 43.100,0 131,4 12.150,0 71.631,0 69.990,0 2.677,0 1.652,0 490,1 39.290,0
2047,0 38,6 5.760,0 2.944,0 1.523,0 2.163,0 201,3 231,5 11,7 1.585,0
124,6 8.429,0
16,55
Dien tich ngap (ha) 700,4 12.150,0
0,0 224,2 266,4 8.768,0
0,0 598,4 133,9 4.700,0
136,7 4,1 57,0 660,3 164,4 226,4 7,0 0,0 0,0 80,9 91,7 3.144,0
0,0
Tyle (90 3,5 28,2
0,0 1,8 0,4 12,5
0,0 36,2 27,3 12,0 6,7 10,6 1,0 22,4 10,8 10,5 3,5 0,0 0,0 5,1 73,6 37,3 0,0 Bang 2 va hinh 4 cho thay:
- Neu danh gia miic do anh hudng ngdp lut den cac loai hinh su dung dat bdng each dua frdn tong sd dien tich bi ngap ddi vdi timg loai hinh sii dung dat (hinh 4), ta thay rang loai hinh su dung dat chuyen
frdng Ilia ngap nhidu nhdt (12150 ha), tidp ddn Id ddt rimg phdng hd (8768 ha), dat d ndng thdn (4700 ha) va dat mat nudc chuyen dimg (3144 ha). Cdn cdc Io?i dat phi ndng nghidp khac, dat tdn giao, tin ngudng, dat ca sd nghien ciiu khoa hoc. dat rimg ddc dgng,
126 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 9/2014
KHOA HpC CdNG NGHt
ddt trdng c ^ hdng ndm khac khdng b) ngdp hay n g ^ vdi didn tich rdt i t Nguydn nhdn do vi tri dia hinh (dd cao thdp ddn ddn nudc lu ti'dn vd) vd didn tich bd mdt (anh hudng tdi lugng mua roi xudng frdn bd vd giii lgi trdn bd mat cdc dung ddt) khde nhau.
Ihnh 4. Didn tich hi ngdp hit trdn cdc logi sii dung ddt - Ndu ddnh gid mtic do anh hudng n g ^ lut ddn cdc logi hinh sii dung dat bang cdch dua ty Id didn tich n g ^ Igt so vdi tdng dign lich timg loai su dung dat (Hinh 5), ta t h ^ ring didn tich nudc lu tran vdo vd ngdp chii ydu d cdc logi ddt sdng, ngdi, kdnh, rach, sudi chidm 73,6% tdng didn tich, dat cd mdt nudc chuydn dirng chidm 37,3% tdng didn tich, dat nudi frdng tiifiy sdn chidm 36,2% tdng didn tich, ddt chuydn trdng Ilia nudc chidm 28,2% tdng didn tich, ddt ldm mudi chidm 27,3% tdng didn tich, dat khu cdng nghidp chidm 24,2% tdng didn tich. Didu nay cung dd hidu bdi vi cdc logi ddt ndy Id ddt chiia mdt nudc, cd dia hmh tuong ddi tfidp vi vdy Iu se trdn vdo. Mgt sd Ioai ddt mirc do didn tich nudc lu frdn vao va nggp rdt it thdm chi khdng cd nhu dat phi ndng nghidp hhdc, ddt tdn gido, tin ngudng, dat ca sa nghien ctiu khoa hge, dat riing ddc dgng, ddt frdng cdy hang ndm khac chidm 0% (khdng hi ngdp) bdi vi cdc logi hmh su dyng dat ndy ndm dvj tri dia hinh cao.
u » l » l l l , ^ • l l l ^ . a . ; /v^/fl^#V^///<?V<i^##%^W/.W
ll 5. T^ le di^n tich bi ngdp lut frdn d i ^ tich cdc logi si> dung ddt
3.5. Nhdn xdt vd k& qud thuc n g h i ^ + Ban dd dugc thanh ldp dam bao dd chinh xdc cao, do chinh xac ciia ban dd phu thudc vao dd chinh xdc ctia kdt qua phdn logi anh.
+ Miic dd thiet hgi do con bao sd 11 dnh tai didn tich sir dgng ddt ciia cdc huydn rdt ldn vd thidt hai Idn chii yeu b mdt sd huydn ndm gan hien ddng, cd dia hinh thap (Dien tich ngdp lut cua Quy Nhon Id 8330 ha, chidm 37,09% dien tich thdnh phd; An Nhon la 6610 ha, chiem 26,55% dien tich huydn va huydn Tuy Phudc la 10900 ha, chidm 36,59% didn tich huyen).
-I- Dua vao ban dd hidn trgng su dung cd mtic dd ng|p lut ldn timg Ioai sir dung dat Cac loai ddt hi ngj^ nang chti ydu la nhiing Ioai dat nam d vi tri dia hinh tiiap nhu ddt sdng, ngdi, dat nudi frdng thiiy san, rung phdng hd, dat lam mudi va nhung logi dat chiem didn tich be mdt tu nhidn ldn nhu dat frdng Ilia, dat cdng nghidp. Cdc Ioai ddt nay chidm ty Id dien tich hi ngdp Igt rat cao.
4. KET LUAN
Su tich hgp giiia cdng nghd vidn thdm vd GIS dd giiip ta dd dang dua ra dugc ban dd hidn trang ngdp Igt vdi do chinh xdc cao, chdnh ldch giiia sd Udu thdng kd so vdi sd Udu tinh todn frdn ban dd sau khi thdnh Idp bdng tu Udu anh frdn phgm vi frmg huydn ddu nhd hon 3%.
Mtic dg thidt hai do con bdo sd 11 anh tdi didn tich sii dgng ddt cua cac huydn rdt ldn va tiudt hgi Idn chu ydu 6 mdt sd huydn nam gdn bidn ddng, cd dia hmh thap (Didn tich ngdp lut ciia Quy Nhon Id 8330 ha, chidm 37,09% didn tich tiidnh phd; An Nhon Id 6610 ha, chidm 26,55% didn tich huydn vd huydn Tuy Phudc Id 10900 ha, chidm 36,59% didn tich huydn).
Dua vao ban do hidn frang sir dgng cd mtic dO nggp Igt Idn tung logi sir dgng dat. Cac logi ddt bi nggp ndng chti ydu la nhirng logi ddt ndm d vi tri dia hinh thap nhu dat sdng, ngdi, dat nudi frdng thuy san, rimg phdng hd, ddt Idm mudi va nhung logi ddt chidm didn tich bd mat hi nhidn Idn nhu ddt frdng Ilia, dat cdng nghidp. Cdc Ioai ddt nay chidm ^ Id didn tich hi nggp lut rdt cao.
GIS ddng vai frd rat quan frgng frong vide phdn tich khdng gian, gitip dua ra sd Udu hidn frang ngdp Igt tinh toan, thdng kd didn tich bi ngdp Igt cua khu V1K nghien ciiu.
127
KHOA HOC C O N O NGHE
Til UEU IHHI KHAO 4. TtAi Thi Bang Tam, 2006. Giao trinh: Hi 1. Tran Van Anh, NguySn Thi Giang, 2009. * < H W ft"^ tra ( f e ^ NXB Ndng nghiep, Ha Noi.
Huang din thirc hinh Envi. NXB Dai hoc Mo dja 5. Nguyta Ngoc Thach, 2005. Ca sa vien Oiim.
chat. Ha Noi. NXB Nong nghiftp. H i N6i.
2. Bao Huy, 2007. GIS vi viin thim trong quan 6. B6 Tai nguyta va Moi truong, 2007. Quf ly tai nguyin rimg va mdi tnrprng. NXB Tong hgp pham thanh lip ban do biin trang sii dung dit NXB thtoh phd Ho Chi Minh. Ban d6.
3. Tran Himg, Pham Quang Lgi, 2008. Xirlyvi 7.TirdifaTi^ngViet.
pban tich dit hiu viin thim vdi phin mim ENVI. g u ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ Bmh Dinh, 2010. NOn HA Noi. gj^ ThSng ke dnh Binh Binh 2010.
APPUCATION OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS MAPPING FLOODING IN B M H DINH PROVINCE Ho Van Hoa, Xuan Tlii Thu TTiao Summary
Binh Dinh is located on the south central coast of Viet Nam, the province's territory stretches 110 km along the north - south, the climate, hydrology and topograpbyare quite complex, where are affected by the most types of natural disasters occur more frequently in Vietnam. Especially, flooding occurs with high frequency and very large level of damage. In recent years, in the best interestoi the local government's and local governments, many flood alleviation measures could have been reduced flood damage. However, on the command and direction of the authorities and Hood prevention initiative are limited by subjective and objective reasons. One of the reasons is the tools for Hood prevention has not yet fully, lack of intuitive tools to influence the level of flooding plus the level of awareness about the dangers of flooding from all levels and sectors as well as communities is limited. In order to Hood prevention requirements, apphcation of GIS and remote sensing technology to map flood is need to improve the quality of flood prevention, can be limited the damage caused by flooding
Key word: Map, remote sensing and GIS, Hood
Ngudi ph4n bifti: TS. NguySn Huy Ddng Ng4y nhto bAi: 04/3/2014
Ng4y thdng qua phan bi$n: 04/4/2014 Ng4y duyet dang: 11/4/2014
128
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NdNG THON - K t 1 - THANG 9/2014TH^LevieTVAGCriBAI
1. Tap chi Nong nghifp vh Phdt trien ndng thon (ISSN 1859 - 4581) cong b6 cac cong trinh
nghien cim, cdc bdi tSng quan va thong bao khoa hpc thupc nganh Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon;
chua ddng 6 cdc an phdm khac.
2. Bai viet dugc sogn thao fren may vi tinh, sur dimg UNICODE font Times New Roman, sdp xep theo cdc phan theo thu tir nhu sau:
TEN BAI: Cha in. Font 14 bold
TEN TAC GIA: Chii thucmg. Font 12 bold, vdi foot notes la ten ca quan cho (cac) tac gia va dia chi tdc gia de lien he (corresponding author)
TOM TAT: font 10, it nhat 250 tir va khong qua 350 tOr trong mot doan van, khong xuong hang. Tir khda: 5 - 7 tir, xdp theo thir tir A - Z.
M 6 DAU/DAT VAN DE: font 12
NGUYENA'AT LIEU VA PHU'ONG PHAP: font 12
KET QUA VA THAO LUAN: font 12 (co thd tach rieng phdn K E T QUA va THAO LUAN) KETLUAN:font 12
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO: font 10 Phan tiSng Anh d cuoi bai gom:
TEN BAI TIENG ANH: Chu in. Font 14, bold
TEN TAG GlA: Khong bo dau, chQ thudng, font 12 bold, footnotes cho tac gia de lien he (corresponding author)
SUMMARY (tidng Anh): font 10, mgt doan van 250-350 tir khong xuong hang.
Keywords: (tieng Anh), 5-7 til, xep theo thu tu A - Z.
3. Mgt s6 hudng ddn cdn thiet 3.1. Cach viet tdi lieu tham khao
Trong bdi viSt, tai lieu dugc trich din bdng each ghi ten tac gia, nam xuat ban trong ngoac don ();
n^u cd 2 tdc gia thi dimg dau phay (,), 3 tac gia trd len thi ghi tac gia dau + et ai, nam, vi du: (Nguydn Vdn A et ai, 2005). Khi dua ten tac gia vao cau van thi thay dau (,) giO'a hai tac gia thanh chii "vd", thay cgm tir ''et al." bdng cum tir "dong tac gia", nam de trong ngoac don, vi du: ... Nguyin Vdn A va Tran Vdn B (2006)....,.. .Nguydn Van A va ddng tac gia (2005). Tai lieu tham khao sap xep theo thtr tu A - Z;
ten tgp chi qudc td vidt tdt theo quy dinh quoc te, khong cd dau cham sau chil viet tat Tham khao Danh muc viet tdt cac Tap chi Quoc te tren mang Pubmed tai trang Web sau:
{hUp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/journals/noprov/loftext_ful!_noprov.htmf); ten tap chi trong nuoc,
