CVv216S3572015030.pdf

HlliiNG DDI MOI GDDDNG TDlND VA DAY DOC NGO VAN M M U TRUNG HOC CQSaTINH LANG SON TS. P H U N G QUY SON". T. tiet), Tieng We((TV) (7 Bet), Tap iam van (7 liet). Ca'u tnic chudng trinh dam bao tinh can dd'i glQa cac phan Van hqc-TV-Tap lam van. Don vj bai hpc da phan nao dap ling dugc yeu cau tich hgp ciia quan dilm dd'i mdi phudng phap day hpc dat ra, cd su gSn ket nhat dinh vdl cac ndi dung ehuong trinh chinh khda, lay van ban lam cd sdviia dung dedgc - hie'u van ban, viia diing lam ngO lieu, dan ehiing cho gid TV. Van ban cdthelamdl tmyen CO, bai tho hoan chinh hoac la trich doan mdt bai ca dao, bai bao tieu bieu va dugc T i l nam hoc 2008-2009, vdi su ho tro cua Da an s i p xep Iheo he thd'ng ve lien Irinh thdi gian, the 1^1, fBf-Br'thupc Bo GD-DT, ba bd giao trinh: NV, Lich ehude... si, Dia IItinh Lang San dao tao giao vien (GV) i v i ' Tuy nhien, ndi dung ch uong IrinhNVDP kii'n Ihiic THCSeiiaTnidng Cao dang supham (CBSP) Lanq tich hdp vc( ehuonp trinh chinh khda chua dong deu Sdn duoe Bg GD-BT phe duyet, ban hanh da bd d tdng Idp. Cu lh§: tac pham van van it, khdng co sung njudn tulleu, phuong phap day hoc hOu ich dd'i tho trung dai (trong khi HS Idp 7 dang hoe v l van vdi phan giao due dja phuang ndi chung va NVOP hge trung dai). T w d n g hgp nay ed the bo sung bai ndirieng^ thd cua Ngd Thi Sy dugc khSc tren vach da dpng L S o i m d i c h u a n g trinh,day hoe NVOP -yeu Nhj Thanh, u phan TV, s u can dd'i giSa kien ttiiic cau tii Ii luan va thuc tiln vdi thdi iugng chua that hop Ii, nen tap tmng ren ki Mot so nguyen tie cd y nghTa can cdt trong viec nang chinh ta cho HS d e k h i c phue ldi viet ehii, phat bien soan ndi dung saeh giao khoa dd'i vdi cac nlia am dja phudng Lang Son. Viec ren luyen ehinh ta giao diJC la phai dam bao tinh khoa hoc, su pham, thuc hien trong mdt tiet nhung lugng kid'n thiic lai it giao due. Dd'i vdi NVOP, ngii lieu can phong phii, cd nen c i n lang them lugng kien Ihiic thi phii hgp hdn tinh "dai dien" cua mdiyiing mien, dien hinh ve mat (nhu Idp d 7 , ggp ngi dung 3 tie't thanh_2 tiet...). Mat van hda, nghethuat; ddng thdi thehien dudctinh tich khac, han che tinh ilen Ihdng, phat trie'n tren co sii hdp theo dac tn/ng bd mdn, do'l mdi phudng phap ehuong Irinh Tl/bac lieu hgc. day hoc, phattrien nang lue ngudi hpc. Thuc liln Id' chiie day hgc chuong trinh ciia cac Ve muc lieu, ndi dung ehuong trinh NVDP can nhalnidng vaGV cung ichada dang, linh hoat tiiy tinh ket hop chat che nhiing kien thiic hoe sinh (HS) da hinh thuc tien ve mdi tn/dng va ngudn hpe lidu: Ihuc hpc vdi nhtfng hie'u biet ve ddi song van hoa que hien theo thdi lugng phan phd'i ehudng trinh tio?o kSt huongibd'sung, phathuy vdn hieu biet ve van hda, hgp ngoai khda theo chu de, ehii die'm. Song, ngoai van hpe.ngdnngiidia phuong,lam phongphiithem ngii lieu duge cung caplrong saeh giao khoa vasacli cho chuong trinh chinh khda; gap ket kien thiic trong GV thi ngudn tu lieu hd tro day hgc eung nhu ngoai nha Irudng vdi ddi sd'ng cdng dong. Tiidd, giup HS khda edn thieu, chua dugc tap ligp, gidi thieu m ^ hieu bietva hda nhap hon vdi mdi Irudng minh dang each he Ihdng.Dd'i vdi nhiing trudng thugc viing cao, sd'ng, cdy thiic tim liieu, gdp phan gin giii va bao vd viing sau, viec te'p xiic vdi tu lieu, nha van, nha Bio, eae gia tri van hda cua que hUdng, giao due eac em nhan chiing Ijch su, Iham quan eac dja danh van tinh yeu que hUdng, xilsd, dat nudc minh. hda, Ijch su... ciia GV va HS ralkhd khan. Bdn eanh ChUdng Irinh NVDP Lang Son OTHCS gdm 20 tiet (5 tiet/khd'l), dUdc phan bo nhu sau: Van hoc (6 * TMDng Cio ling sir pliam Wi Sin huc hien Nghj quyet so 40/2000/NQ - QH10 ciia Qudc hdj khda X ve doi mdi chuong trinh giao due phd' thdng, tii nam hpc 2002-2003, nganh GD-DT Lang Son da trien khai chUdng trinh va sach giao khoa mdi bat dau tii ldp 1va Idp 6. Cung tii nam hoe nay, phan NgUvan diapht/ong(NWP) tinh L^ng Sen trong chudng trinh ngiivan (NV) mdi cap trung hpe eo so (THCS) ducfc nganh eh? dao bien soan, day thidiemdidp 6 tn/dckhltrien khai dai tra dd'i vdi cac khdi Idp.. 30. Tap chi Giao due so 357 (ki 1 - 5I201S). dd, mdtsoGV ngudi Kinh gap trd ngai khong nhoboi "rao can ngdn ngu" trong day hpc ndi dung ngdn ngij dia phuong cho HS dan toe thieu sd'. So vdi giai doan trudc nam 2002, chuong trinh NVOP cap THCS hien nay ndi chung da duoe Bd GD-OT va eac dja phuong quan tam, trd thanh mdt bp phan cau thanh hifu c d duoe tich hop trong ngu lieu day hpc van hpc, TV, lam van. Tuy nhien, tu" dinh hudng md cua nganh: "Phan van hgc dia phifcmp, neu chua hoac khong co van ban dap ting, cd the su dung cho hoat dong ngoai khoa, tham quan que nha van hoac gap gdcac van nghe si a diaphirang, gap gd Hoi Van nghe..." {\),yb hinh chung lai tao nen canh tuong "mudn hoa dua sac" hoac l u t i g budc the nghiem"... 2. Chuang trinh, day hpc NVOP Lang Son c§'p THCS va hudng doi mdi Nghi quyStso 29-NQ/TW ngay 4/11/2013 vedoj mdi can ban, toan dien GD-0 f d a c biet eoi trpng doi mdi ehuong frinh va sach giao khoa phofriong. Bd GD-OT dang chutrixaydungDeanD^ mdi chUdng trinh vasach giao khoa giao due pho thdng sau nam 2015. Quan diem chuong trinh mdi d\sqc xac dinh la can phattrien nang luc va pham chat ngudi hpc, hai hda dtk, tn, the, mf, day nguc^, day chiJva day nghe; dol mdi npi dung giao due theo hudng tinh gian, hien dai, thiet thuc, phu hpp vdi \isa tudi, trinh dp va nganh nghe; tang thuc hanh, van dung kien thiJc vao thuc t i l n ; "chii trgng giao due nhan each, dao ddc, loi song, tri thtk phap luat va y thijc cdng dan. Tap taing vao nhu'ng gia tri cff ban cua van hoa, tmyen ^d'ng va dao lidan toe. tinh hoa van hda nhan bai... Quan tam day tiehg ndi va chd viet cua cac din tdc thiiu sd* {2).'Chuong frinh NVOP Lang Son phai tung bude phu hpfp ya eu the hda quan diem, muc tieu giao due nay, dong thdi dap iJmg dac diem tam sinh Ii va nhu cau cua ngudi hoe, khdng tuy tien cStxen nhung npi dung bat bupe, mem deo phan danh eho dia phuong nhung khdng pha vd nhflng nguyen t^c khoa hpc, giao duc,su pham... Npi dung ehUdng frinh NVOP Lang Son cap THCS: can tich hop vdi eae ndi dung cua chuong trinh Afl^chinh khda. Can cu'tiryeu cau kien thu'c, kT nang chuong trinh chinh khda dechpn lua cac ngir lieu van hoc dia phuong tuong ung va tich hop kien ttiife cua ba phan Van hgc - TV- Tap lam van trong tiing gid hpc, bai hpc, khdi Idp. Vi du: dd'i vdi NVOP Idp 6 cd ^ e l i ^ ehpn van ban la mdt tmyen ke dan gian thay van ban Vanh tai cut va n^udi thu lfnh nghia quan de tUdng ung vdi cac the loai van xudi dan gian ma HS dang duac tim hieu dchuong trinh. ehinh khda. Ngu lieu nay se phat huy hon tinh tieh hpp giOa cac phan mon, tao nen su lien ket vdi gid Tap lam van (kechuyen dan gian dja phUdng)vagid TV (ren luyen chinh ta}. Khac phue dupe gid Ren luyen ehinh ta vdi mot so bai tap dpc lap. Tuong tu nhu vay, cd the bd'sung mpt van ban van hpc tmng dai tieu bieu vede tai thien nhien, eon ngudi xu" Lang cua mpt so tac gia nhu Nguyen Du, Nguydn Tong Khue, Ngo Thi Sy... vao chuong trinh NVOP Idp 7. HS tiep xue vdi nguon ngu lieu mdi, phong phii hdn, friayttievan ban Cam nghi trong dem thanh finh cua Li Bach duoe lua ehpn friuc harih trong gid Ren luyen chinh ta(frinhd). Vdi hudng dieu chinh chuong trinh nhu vay, khi to chirc day hpe, GV can nghien cdu d e g i ^ tai mpt so hoat dpng,tranh lap lai nhOng kien ttiiic, kTnang ngudi hpe da cd. Nhung ngQ lieu dua vao chuong trinh phai phu hop vdi mue tieu giao due cua cap hpc, dac diem tam sinh Ii Ida tudi Npi dung eae van ban gan gui vdi ddi sd'ng, ldi an, tieng ndi ddng bao dja phuong,ed gia fri ttiuc su ve tu tudng van hda va nghe ttiuat, dupc lua chon tdtrong di san van hda phi vat ttie "gieo trong" suot ngan nam lich sugiao ttioa giOa cac tpc ngudi cu tm tren manh dat Xir Lang. Dd la cac truyen ke, ca dao, dan ca trong kho tang folklore, frich doan hijyen ke ve lich su hoac cac danh nhan nhu Hoang Van Thu, Luong Van Tri, Hoang Oinh Kinh, Tran Dang Ninh..^ cua cac tac gia Nguyen Tn/dng Thanh, Nquyin Quang Huynh, Vi Thi Kim Binh... Nhiing kien thflc chfla dung niem kieu hanh, tu hao ve Ijch Sl}, van hda que huong, ehua dung tu tudng nhan ai, ldng bao dung, hudng thIen giup eon ngudi song cao dep hdn, frong sang hon vdi nhflng tinh cam va hanh dong cao quy Tflban ttian ngfl lieu da kich ttiich nhu cau tim hieu, kham pha va tu duy sang tao cua HS, bien quatrinh tfl nhan thflc den tunhan thflc. _ Duong nhien, do phan phd'i chuong trinh an dinh sdtietdanh eho NVOP nen ngfllieu eung segidihai. Vivay, mptphanngfllieucdttiegidittiieu, hudng d i n HS tim hieu trong phan Ope them qua hd thd'ng cau hoij bai tap de HS cd the tu hpe ngoai gid tren Idp, khac phue dupe thue te chua cd tai lieu phue vu day hpc. G V va HS cung ttiuan k?i hdn trong tochflc, thuc hien cae hoat dpng day hpe tren ldp, nhat la dd'i vdi vung dae biet khd khan; phat trien kha nang tu hpc bang nhieu hinh ttiuc: ca nhan, nhdm, ngoai ldp hoc... Oe phatfriehnang lue ngudi hpc, ngudi bien soan chUdng frinh va GV bp mdn can thiet ke dugc he ^ongcau hoi, t)ai tap khoa hpc, phong phudd'ivdimoi bai hpe. He tiidng cau hdi, bai tap giup HS bi^t each dpe van ban: giai mava kien tao y nghTa, dat van ban. Tap chi Giao due so 357 (kil-5/2015). 31. frong md'i quan he da chieu vdi ttie gidi dugc ttie hien trong dd, vdi phuong ttiut ttie hien^vdi nha van va ngudi dpc... chflkhdng phai gdi y, d i n dk ngudi hpc d\ den each hieu theo each ap dat... 6 cap THCS, cau hdi van dung sang tao nen dugc sudung nhieu hon nhu:eamnhan,suynghTvetutudng npidung, nghe thuat cua van ban. Vi du, cau hoi tim hieu doan tho sau: PhucthiJchildnkhdnghSnan/Nggcnatcdn han gidngoiianh/Than diu lao tu lam canh hiem/Chi con theo ddi bua tung hoanh (Nhan ban - Hoang Van Thu) -Cam xue cuaem nhuthe nao khi dgc doan tho tren? BJen phap dd'i d eau 5-6 cd tac dung gi trong viee ttiehien hinh anh ngudi chien sTcpng san? Hoac so sanh ban sac van hda, ngdn ngfl... gifla cac tdc ngucri tren cung dja ban Lang Son hay vdi eac vung mien khacqua nhflng ngfllieu cy the. Vidu: Em hay so sanh dethay sutuong dong, khac biet trong each xung hd cua ngucri Nung vdi ngudi Kinli qua bai viet Nhung kieng kj trong xung hd a ngudi Nung {NVDP Idp 8)... Cach bien soan chuong trinh va to chflc dayhpcnhuthesegiambdttinh han lam,tang cudng ung dung va phat tnen toan dien cac kTnang dpc, Viet, ndi, nghe ttieo Ii ttiuyet kien tao dang rat ttijnh hanh trong giao due. Day hpc NV ndi chung, dac biet la NVDP rat phu hpp vdi each to chuc va mdrpng khdng gian, NVOP tinh Lang Son cap THCS danh 3 tiet cho hoat ddng suu tam van hpe, 3 tiet gidi thieu thang canhi di lich ljch sii, 2 tiet luyen tap ve tfl ngfl dia phuong (40% tong the chuong trinh). Vdi nhflng tiet hpe nay, HS khdng chl hpe trong ldp ma cdn hpe dben ngoai Idp: thu vien, nha bao tang, khu trien lam, dia danh van hda Ijch Sl}, khu dan eu... GV cdthecho HS di tham quan,dangoai,yeucaueac em thuchanh ngdn ngfl, ghichep,chyphiph,quayphim... nhflng giquan sat, trai nghiem va viet ban bao cao, thuyet minh, trao doi ttiao luan theo cap, nhdm, td'chflc ngoai khoa theo chu de, chu dian..., qua dd hinh ttianh mdi trudng hpc tap Wong tac, giup cac em phat frien eac kTnang giao tiep, kha nang lam viec theo nhdm. Ben canh dd,ttieo ehung tdi, npoaisach giao khoa, nganh GD-OT Lang Son ed the chi dao bien soan mpt bp tai lieu tich hgp gom ndi dung kien thuc CO ban ve NV, lich su, dia Ii dja phuong dung chung cho 3 bpmdn nham tranh sytnjng lip ndi dung, HSde lien he, ket nd'i cac mang kien ttiflc. Hoac tap hgp cae phdng su, phim tu lieu ve van hda, Ijcli su, con ngudi Lang Son tfl iihieu nguon khac nhau thanh mot bd dia CD, chuyen giao cho cac nha tn/dng. Nhuthe, tai lieu hoc tap gpn nhe, thd'ng nhattrong toan tinh, vfla han chekhoang each vetrinh dp eua HS giua cac khu. vue, vfla ttiuan tien cho GV frong td' chflc day hpc. Oong ttidi, ddi hoi GV phai tich eflc ung dung cdng nghe thdng tin qua viec ehpn Ipc, bien tap cac thude phim song ddng phue vy bai giang, tao ChoHS hflng thu tiep nhan, suu tam, thuc hanh van hpc va ngon ngfl, tfl dd them yeu quy, fran frgn^, tu hao, mong mud'n gin giu, phathuy net dep tmyen ttiong van hoa que huong, dan tpc. Kiem fra, danh gia la mdt p h ^ cua qua trinh day hpc. Viec caitien ehuong frinh, doi mdi day hpc NVOP Lang Son gan lien vdi dd'i mdi kiem tra, danh gia, lam sao dam bao nguyen tac chung vatheo dac tning npi dung. Mud'n vay, GV phai ket hop nhieu hinh thflc danh gia khac nliau:danh gia tu luan hay trac nghiem khaeh quan; danh gia thudng xuyen hay trong qua trinh day hpe; danh gia dua tren ket qua ttiao luan, trinh bay trong Idp hpc hay ket qua suu tam, nghien cuu. Oac tn/ng eua phan NVOP la hudng "md", HS phai tu hpc, tu nghien eflu, tim hieu nhieu (xay dyng eac ho so duan) nen G V can quan tam danh gia ket qua thyc te tren CO so khuyen khieh, ddng vi&n ngfldi hpc... G V eung can tang eudng, djnh hudng de HS ty danh gia minh va danh gia lan nhau. Nhflng hinh tiiuc nay se giup HS dUde tham gia tnrc tiep vao qua trinh danh gia, nhd dd cac em trdnentu tin,ty chu va tich cuchontrong quatrinh hpetapvachiem linh cac muctieubaihpe. Doi mdi chuong trinh va day hpc NVOP Lang Son cap THCS can mpt qua trinh, quy trinh klioa hpc, he thd'ng theo djnti hudng phat trien nang luc ngudi iipc, ft>ig budc phu hgp quan diem xay dung ndi dung chuong trinh giao due pho thdng giai doan sau 2015, dap flng tinh than doi mdi can ban, toan dien giao dye va dao tao Viet Nam. Trach nhiem do tiep tye dat len vai cac nha quan Ii giao dye, cac nha khoa hpc, su pham dja phuong. •. (1) Ba GD-DT. Phdn phdi chuong trinh trung hpc ca sd mdn Nga vdn. NXB Gido d^c, H. 2009. (2) Ban Cha'p hinh Trung irtrng. Nghf quyit s6 29-NQ/rW ngdy 4/11/2013 vi ddi mdi cdn bdn, todn di^n gido dtic vd ddo tgo. T^i li^u tham khdo 1. Ban Chap hanh Trung uong. Nghi quyit sd 33-NQ/ TW Hdi nghi Trung uong 9 khda XI vi xdy di/mg vd phdt triin vdn hda. con ngu&i Viit Nam ddp iing ySu cdu phdt triin bin vdng ddt nudc, 2014. 2. Le Thi Phutrng. "Giai phdp nSng cao ch^t lugng nOi dung chuong trinh NgiJ v^n dja phuang Thanh H6a cSpTHCS". Tgp chi Gido due. s5'334 (ki 2-5/2014). (Xem tiep trang 24). 321 Tgp chi Giao due so 357 (kil-5/2015).