NGHieNCUrULlLUAN
Thiet ke ke hoach day hpc theo djnh hUdng phat trien nang lac sang tao cho hoc sinh
trifolng trung hpc phd thong chuyen phan Hoa hpc hufu cd
Quach Van Long
Tmong Tfiing hoc pho thong Chuyen - Oai hoc Vinh Sd 182, auOng Le Djan, thanh pho Vinh, tinh Nghe An, Vtet Nam Email: vanlongquach@gmail com
TOM TAT' Phat triin nSng luc sang tao cho hgc sinh la mgt trong cac nhigm vu quan trong cua trUdng trung hgc phi thdng chuyen. De phit triin nang lue nay ddi hdi giao vien phii thiit ki giao in theo dinh hudng phat tnen nang lUc sang tao trudc khi tUn hanh dgy hgc Hoi hgc tren Idp Ke hoach dgy hgc theo dinh hUdng phat trien nSng lgc sing lao se dinh hudng vao hoat dgng cua hgc sinh, giup hgc sinh tham gia hoat dgng hgc tap sang tao, gin li thuyit vdi thuc hanh, nhi trudng v6i xa hgi. Qua khio sat viec dgy hgc Hoa hgc d mdt si trudng trung hgc pho thdng chuyen khu vUc Trung Bd va Nam Bg cho thiy, giio vidn cdn han chi trong vigc thiit ki ki hoach day hoc theo dinh hudng phit triSn nang luc sang tao di to chdc cho hgc sinh tim tdi, nghidn cdu, vin dgng kiin thUc da hgc di giii quyit cac vin de ddt ra trong hgc tip. Bii viit de c$p din vide thiit ki ki hoach d^y hgc theo dinh hudng phit triin nang luc sing tao cho cho hge sinh trudng trung hgc phi thdng chuySn.
lii KHOA: Ndng \\Sc sang tao; giao an theo dinh hiTdng phdt tri^n ndng liTc sdng tao;
hQC sinh triliing trung hoc pho thong chuyen.
-> Nhan bai 27/5/2019 -> NhSn ket quS phSn bien va chinh sila 20/6/2019 -> Duygt dang 25/7/2019.
I.O^tvandg
Trudng tmng hpc pho thdng (THPT) chuyen la ncri dao tao ngudn nhan lije ehat lugng cao cho su nghi?p phat trien va hpi nhap cua dat nude. Chucmg trinh Giao due phd thdng mdi - B6 Giao dye vd Dao tao da xac dinh cdc ndng li^c (NL) chung vd NL chuyen bi?t cdn hinh thanh vd phdt trien cho hpc sinh (HS) cdc cap hpc thdng qua cac mdn hgc. Trong dd, NL sdng tao (NLST) la mgt trong nhung NL quan trgng cdn duge chu trpng vd phdt trien.
Nghien cmi (NC) ve phdt triSn NLST (PTNLST) cho HS trong d^y hge (DH) vd DH Hoa hge (DHHH) da duiyc nhiku tkc gia trong nudc vd ngoai nudc quan tdm NC. Trong eudn
"Nhung Ichdm phd tu duy sdng tgo d ddu tudi hge trd" [1], tde gid Torrance cho i ^ g , sang tao la qud trinh xdc dinh cdc gia thuyet, NC ehiing vd tim ra ket qua. Trong eudn
•'Phucmg phdp luy?n tri nao" [2], tac gid Omizumi Kagaya- ki da gidi thi?u cdc phuong phdp ey the de ren NLST. Theo dng, de ed NLST can ggt bd nhifng hieu biet vk kiln thiic (KT) thdng thudng vd nhihig kinh nghiem trong qua khu de suy nghi khdng bj 1? thugc, tu dd lam cho tinh sdng tao trong tu duy khdng bj hgn che. Cac tde gid Phan DQng [3], Trdn Thj Bich Lieu [4], de cgp den cac vdn de phuang phap lugn cua vi?c phdt hien NLST trong gido dye. Tac gid Phgm Thj Bieh Ddo [5] NC sy vgn dyng phuong phdp ban tay ndn bpt va DH dy dn (DHDA) trong DHHH d trudng THPT di phdt trien NLST cho HS. Tde gia Hoang Thi Thuy Huong [6] NC vi?c su dyng bdi tgp Hda hgc (BTHH) vd co de phdt triin NLST cho HS trong vipe bdi dudng HS gidi Hoa hpc,
43 TAP CHI KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
... Trong pham vi bai viet nay, chiing tdi de cgp den vi?c thiet kl kl hogch dgy hgc (KHDH) (theo dinh hudng PT NLST cho HS tnrdng THPT chuyen phdn Hda hpc hiiu ca (HHHC).
2. Npi d u n g n g h i e n cufu
2.1. Ndng l^c sang tao cua hoc sinh chuyen H6a hoc 2.1.1. Khai niem ndng luc sang tao
Huynh Van Son eho rang: "NLST Id khd nang tgo ra cdi mdi hodc giai quyet van de mdt each mdi me ciia con ngydi"
[7]. Cung quan diem tren, tac gid Trdn Thi Bich Lieu dua ra: "NLST dupe xem la khd ndng cua mdt con ngudi sdn sinh cdc y tudng mdi, nhin nhan vdn de theo each radi, phdt hien cai mdi trong cdu tnic eii ciia su vgt hi?n tupng dl tgo ra cdc san pham mdi. San phdm ciia sang tao la y tudng mdi, vdt dyng mdi, cdu tnic hay djch vy mdi hay la mpt thj trudng mdi trong kinh doanh" [4].
Nhu vay. vdi cde nhd khoa hgc thi NLST thi hi?n d vifC tim ra cdc phdt minh, sdng chl mdi, sdn phdm mdi c6 y nghia toan nhdn loai. Vdi HS thi NLST Id kha ndng ciia HS hinh thanh y tudng mdi, dl xudt dupe cdc gidi phdp mdi, hay edi tiln each lam mdi mgt sy vgt, cd cdc giai phdp khac nhau de giai quylt mpt vdn dl, cd sy id md, thich d$t cdu hdi de khdm phd sy thgt xung quanh, cd khd ndng tudng nipng vd tu duy sdng tgo. HS trudng THPT chuyen Id nhihig HS dupe ddo tgo chuyen sdu vl mgt mdn hgc xdc dinh tgi trudng THPT chuyen. Do vgy. chung tdi quan nifm NLST cua HS ehuyen Id NL tim ra y tudng mdi, cdch giai
quyet mdi, NL phdt hifn dilu chira bilt vd cd phuang dn gidi quylt hi?u qud, dpc ddo vd thich hpp vdi cac van de dat ra trong hpc tdp vd thyc tiln cupe sdng.
2.1.2. Cau true va tieu chi bleu hien cua nang lUc sang tao Trong de dn Ddi mdi Chuong trinh, sach giao khoa Gido dye phd didng sau ndm 2015 cua Bd Gido due va Dao tao [8], dd xac dinh cdu tnic NLST cua HS THPT bao gom:
Khd ndng dat cau hdi cd gid tri de lam rd cac tinh hudng va nhimg y tudng trim tupng; Xem xet sy vdt vdi nhiing gdc nhin khac nhau; Hmh thdnh, kit ndi, cac y tudng; NC thay d6i giai phap trudc sy thay ddi bdi canh; danh gid nii ro va CO dy phdng; Lap lugn ve qua trinh tu duy, nhan ra yiu td sang tgo trong cac quan dilm trdi chilu; Phdt hien dupe cac diem hgn che trong quan di6m ciia minh va dp dung dieu da biet trong hodn cdnh mdi; Say me, neu dupe nhieu y tudng mdi, khong so sai, suy nghT khdng theo Idi mdn, tao ra yiu to mdi dya tren nhiing y tudng khac nhau.
Vdi HS chuyen, ehung tdi xac dinh cac thdnh td ca ban ciia NLST gdm: NL nhdn thiic va tu duy sdng tgo; NL phat hi?n vdn dl vd gidi quyet van de (GQVD) hieu qua, khoa hpc, sdng tao; NL danh gid, nhan xet va trinh bay kit qua;
NL vgn dyng ket qua NC trong tinh hudng vd bdi cdnh mdi.
Tirdd, chting tdi xac dinh cac tieu chi bilu hien NLST cua HS chuyen trong hogt ddng giai bai tap (BT) phdn HHHC nhu sau: Tieu ehi 1: Phat hien vd lam ro vdn de NC trong tinh hulng cu the; Tieu chi 2: Phan tich, xir li chinh xac cae thdng tin lien quan den ndi dung NC; Tieu ehi 3- De xuat dupe nhi6u cau hdi NC cho vdn de ddt ra; Tieu chi 4:
De xudt dupe eac thi nghipm tim tdi hoac phuong an khac de GQVD, tra ldi cho cdu hdi NC; Tieu chi 5- L§p dupe ke hogch GQVD vd thyc hien ke hoach ngdn ggn, khoa hgc, hieu qud; Tieu chi 6: De xuat dupe nhieu gidi phap GQVD ho$c cdi tien gidi phap cii thanh giai phap mdi mang lai hieu qua eao hon; Tieu ehi 7: Trinh bay ket qua NC sau sac, ddc ddo theo phong cdch neng; Tieu ehi 8: Danh gid va ty ddnh gia dupe ede quan diem, gidi phdp GQVD cua cd nhan va nhom; Tieu chi 9' Tir ket qua NC, d6 xuat dupe kha nang van dyng, img dung cac ket qua dd de GQVD trong hgc tap va ddi song thuc tien hoae cac van de mdi nay sinh tir kien thue hda hpc trong van de NC; Tieu chi 10. Biet nit ra nhan xet vt KT can ITnh hoi; kT nang (KN) va NL can ren luyen va phat trien thdng qua hogt dpng GQVD NC. Vdi moi tieu chi ed 4 miic dp PT NLST: chua dgt (0 < dilm < 1), dgt (1<
dilm ^ 2), khd (2 < dilm < 3), tdt (3 < dilm < 4).
2.2. Ke hoach day hoc truyen thong vd ke hoach day h^c theo djnh hifdng phdt trien nang lufc sdng tao
KHDH truyln thdng Id kl hogch md gido vien (GV) quan tam tnrdc het den vi?c hoan thdnh trach nhiem ciia minh la truyen dgt hit ngi dimg quy djnh trong chuong trinh sach gido khoa, cd gdng lam eho cac HS trong ldp hieu vd ghi nhd Idi thdy gidng. Tir do, hinh thanh d HS kieu hpc thy dpng, thiSn v^ ghi nhd mdy mdc, it suy nghi, tim tdi, kha ndng van dung cac KT d3 hpc de GQVD dat ra trong hgc tiip vd cugc sdng thye tien thdp, thieu Iinh hoat va sang tgo.
KHDH theo djnh hudng PT NLST la kl hoach duoc thilt kl dua vdo muc tieu gdp phdn phdt tnln NL hoa hpc va PT NLST cho HS. Dgc biet muc tieu PT NLST theo cdc tieu chi da de xuat dupe cu the hda d cac hoat ddng DH. Trong mdi hogt dgng nay, HS luon chii ddng dl xudt, tim tdi, khdm phd the gidi ty nhien va van dung KT hda hpc vao thuc tiln.
GV chi la ngudi td chuc, ddn ddt, djnh hudng vd chinh xac hda kien thdc, du kien san phdm HS cdn dat dupe dl co sy hd tra khi can thiet.
2.3. Thiet ke ke hoach day hoc theo ^nh hifdng phat trien nang lire sang tao
2.3.1. Nguyen tac thiet k^
Nguyen tde I: Dam bao thuc hien dupe myc tieu chudn KT, KN cua mdn hoc; Nguyen tde 2: Dam bdo phat huy tinh tich cue, chu ddng, sdng tao ciia HS; Nguyen tde 3: Ddm bao tinh kl thira, vira siic vd phan hda cao; Nguyen idc 4:
Ddm bao gdp phdn hinh thanh va phdt trien cac NL ehung va NL hda hpc, ddc biet ehii trgng PT NLST, NL tim tdi kham phd the gidi ty nhien dudi gdc d6 hoa hgc va NL van dung kien thiic hda hoe vdo thuc tien; Nguyen tde 5: Ddm bdo phii hgp vdi nhirag dieu kien ca sd vdt chat vd thilt bi day hgc cua nha trudng.
2.3.2. Quy trinh thiet ke ke hoach day hpc Iheo djnh hddng phat trien nang Idc sang tao cho hoc sinh trddng trung hpc pho thong chuyen
Qua NC tai lieu [5], [6], chting tdi dua ra quy trinh thiet ke KHDH theo djnh hudng PT NLST gdm cdc budc sau:
Bie&c 1: Xdc dinh muc tieu cua bdi hpc.
Budc nay rat quan trpng, khong the thieu cua mdi KHDH.
De xac djnh muc tieu cua bai hpc phdi dua vdo chudn KT.
KN, cac tieu chi PT NLST cho HS.
Bu&c 2: Lua chpn phuang phdp DH (PPDH).
Cdc PPDH duae sir dung phdi nhdm PT NLST cho HS, tlie Id phdi phdt huy dupe tinh tich cue, tu gide, chii dgng, sang tgo, KN van dyng KT d^ gidi quyet nhimg tmh hudng khdc nhau trong hpc tap va thuc tien, tde ddng den tu tudng va tinh cam, dem lai niem vui va himg thti hgc tap cho HS.
Trong bai viet nay, chiing tdi su dung phuang phdp GQVD ldm phuang phdp chinh, phdi hpp vdi eac ki thuat DH khac nhu day hpc hpp tde nhdm sii dung thi nghiem, sa dd tu duy, tao lap mdi tnidng sang tao, ddng vien khuyin khieh kip thdi.
Bir&e 3: Chuan bi ciia GV va HS
Dya vdo npi dung cu the eua bai hpe va PPDH ma GV vd HS cd s\r chudn bj khdc nhau. GV cdn neu ro ten dyng cy, hda chdt, thilt bi vd myc dich sir dung chiing.
Bu&e 4: Thilt kl cdc hoat dgng cua GV vd HS Vi mdi hoat ddng cua GV vd HS diu hudng tdi myc tieu PT NLST cho HS nen GV cdn xac dmh rd timg hoat dgng tuong ling vdi ndi dung va thdi gian cy the. Ddc biet. edn xdc dinh ro eac tieu chi NLST nao se dupe phdt trien d HS thdng qua mdi hoat ddng dd.
Bu&e 5: Ddnh gid vd riit kinh nghi?m
Trong qua trinh DH ciing nhu cudi tiet hpc, tren ca sd ddi S319 thdng 7/2019
NGHIEN c u u Ll LUAN
chieu muc tieu bai hgc, GV sti dung mdt sd edng ey da dupe thiet ke de ddnh gia sy PT NLST ciia HS va nit ra nhihig kinh nghiem bd ich cho bdn thdn.
2.3.3. Ke hoach bai hpc minh hpa
LUYEN TAP VE HIDROCACBON KHONG NO A. MVC TIEU (Birdc 1)
/. KT: HS ciing cd vd khac sdu kien thuc ve: Cdu tao phdn tti, tinh chdt vat li, tinh chat hda hpc, dieu che vd iing dung ciia hidrocacbon khdng no; Phuang phdp gidi nhanh mpt s6 dang bai tap vl phan ung cpng, phdn ting vdi thudc thti Tollens cua ank-l-in, phan dng chay.
2. KN: Phdn tich dl bai, ve hinh thi nghiem, quan sdt va giai thich hien tupng, thu thap va xir li thdng tin, hgc tap hop tac, thao luan nhom; Viet phuang trinh hoa hgc theo so dd chuyin hda, vilt eong thirc cdu tao, lien he KT hda hpc vao thuc tiln cudc sdng; Trinh bay san pham NC, sir dyng tieu chi ddnh gia NLST.
3. NLST: Phat hien nhanh, lam ro vdn dl NC; Thu thdp, phdn tich va xii li nhanh cdc thdng tin lien quan den ndi dung NC theo nhilu cdch khdc; De xudt cdc giai phdp phti hap dl trd ldi eho vdn dl NC do. Lya chpn dupe giai phdp tii uu; Lap kl hoach GQVD NC vd thuc hien ke hoach ngdn gpn, khoa hoc, hieu qua; De xudt dupe nhiing vdn dl mdi nay sinh tir cac bdi tap da cho; Van dung ket qua NC de GQVD trong hpc tap va ddi sdng thirc tien; Trinh bay kit qud NC sdu sde, dpe ddo theo cdch rieng cua minh; Ddnh gia va ty ddnh gia dugc cac quan diem, phuong an GQVD, ket qua hoat ddng hodc san pham NC ciia cd nhdn vd nhdm.
B. LV'A CHQN PPDH (Birdc 2) - PPDH chii yiu: DH GQVD.
- Cde phuang phdp va kT thudt DH phdt hpp: Hpp tde nhdm, su dung thi nghiem, sa dd W su>. tgo lap moi tmong sdng tgo, dpng vien khuyin khieh kip thdi, su dung bdi tgp theo hudng DH tich cue.
C. C H U A N BI (Birdc 3)
L Chudn bi eua GV: But dg, gidy A,, may tinh, may chilu, he thdng bdi tap. sdch gido khoa vd sdch tham khao.
2. Chudn bi eua HS: On tap Iai KT dd hgc ve hidrocacbon khdng no; Tu lieu dl HS thu thap va xii li thdng tin.
3. Thdi dg vd phdm chdt: Tich cue, chu dgng, sdng tgo;
Say m6 tun tdi, nghien ctiu, hiing thti hpc tgp, yeu thich khoa hpc; Tnmg thue, traeh nhi?m, cham chi va ty trpng.
D. THIET KE CAC HO^T DQNG DH (Birdc 4) Limonen (Cj^H,^ la mgt chdt cd miii thorn diu dupe taeh tu tinh ddu vo cam, vo chanh vd vd budi.
a) Vilt cdng thiic cdu tgo thu gpn va de xuat tinh ehdt vat H, tinh ehdt hda hpc ciia limonen.
Vilt phuang trinh hda hgc minh hpa trong tnidng hpp phan ling tdi da (bd qua yeu td lgp the).
b) Trong phdng thi nghiem cd cac chdt: Limonen, dung dich brom, dung djch KMnO^, dung dich NaOH, thuoc thii Tollens, quy tim; cdc dung ey vd chdt xiie tac cd dii. De xuat thi nghiem kiem chting tinh ehdt cua limonen.
e) Qk xudt sa dd tdng hpp limonen tir cdc hpp chdt hihi ca khdng qua 3C trong phan tii.
d) Tim hilu img dung etia limonen trong cdng nghi?p va ddi sdng thue tien.
Thiit ki ede hogt dgng DH theo dinh hu&ng PTNLST (xem Bdng I, Bdng 2, Bdng 3 vd Bdng 4):
B^ng 1 : Hoat dpng 1 : Phat hi^n van de
GV ctio HS quan Sclt \Q di/ng tmh dau chanh, md ndp lo de HS ngifi mui vd ctiieu video ve qua trinh thu tinh dSu tif qud cam hodc qua chanh d^ tao hiing ^ u hoc tap vd sau at chigu BT trgn cho HS NC. GV y6u cdu moi nhfim Ihdo luan lUa chon mOt tieu chii de tUdng Cing vdi mOt y trong BT.GV kSt lugn cho cdc nhom HS nhdn tieu chu fl§NC.
- Quan sat mau vat vd video.
- Thcio ludn ilia chon tieu chu de NC.
- Nhom tnJdng phdn c6ng nhiem vg cho cdc thdnh vien trong nh6m.
- Cdc thanh vien thao ludn Idm ro Vtfn de NC.
- Phat hi$n nhanh vd lam rd vSn deNC
Bang 2: Hoat dpng 2 : Tim gidi phdp GQVD
- To Chile cho cac nh6m thao lugn. dg xudt gidi phdp GQVO NC. t i l dd lgp \i^ hogch chi M t de GQVD NC dd
- Quan sdt. theo doi. hfl trO thfim cho HS khi cSn thiet.
Lien he cdc KT. KN da hpc ve anken, ankadien, tecpen nhu phan ifng cOng, phan ifng oxi, phdn Lfng tnjng hflp. phan ifng Oinxd-Andd, cdc phuong phdp di6u che hidrocacbon no, khOng no, t'nh chdt vat li vd ifng dung ciia mOt sfi tecpen, ...
kit hdp vdi vi§c ttiu thdp thflng tin vg limonen &6n mgng internet tgp chi. sdch tham khdo dg dg loidt cdc gidi phap GQVO NC ciia nh6m minh. lap ke hogch ai GQVD NC iti.
- Thu thgp va xi( li nhanh cSc thflng Cn lign quan.
- Dg xudt dUiJc nhieu gidi phdp GQVO NC hodc di/a ra gidi phdp mfli cfl gid tri- - So sdnh, nhdn x6t Uu vd nhU0c digm gitIa cdc giai phdp.
- Ttinh bdy ke hoach gidi quyet vdn dfi NC ddy du. chi bA, logic, khoa hpc.
SO TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO OUC VIET NAM
Bdng 3: Hoat dfing 3: Trinh bdy gidi phdp
- Theo doi, td chijic cho cdc nhdm HS trinh bay - Dai dien 4 nhflm len tnnh bay giai phap tifdng ilng Sil dung cac phifdng ti^n tnic quan, gicli phdp, cfl th^ neu cau hfli bo sung, phdt hl?n vfli 4 y trong BT tren va tra Ifli cau hoi khi nhom SDTD, bieu bang de neu bat dUOc npi vdn dg can tranh ludn vd tdm trpng tdi cho HS khdc yeu cau dung Icii giai.
tranh ludn. - Chinh sila, hoan thien nfli dung ldi giai - Trinh bay ldi gidi theo nhieu each vi3i
" Tong hop, chinh xdc hfla npi dung kign thifc. - Sif dung heu chi danh gid NLST thong qua ldi giai. noi dung da dgng, cau triic logic, khoa hoc va sang tgo.
Gidi phdp hgp li nhdt: a) Xem Hinh 1
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ictyMHil-nHCirlelcnylhiiictclm-i.i:!) 41-mic«Knh
U di^ ldn«Ui6na niAu, c4 miii tbom dju, nhifi d^ nditKeidiy •74,2S dO C, ahl^
ddafli 176dOC.,lltaiitn)ngainh;(d25dOC. 1 Illiuidc hAa tan tii da lijtgfia limoDHik ttt» Un (nKigcacbodtctraclonM.
HCHO faayHCDOH
- ^ • ^ • ^ - ^
Hinh 1: Cdng thue edu tgo thu ggn. tinh ehdt vdt li vd tinh ehdt hda hgc ctia Limonen b) Thi nghiem I. Limonen ldm mdt mau dung djch brom. c) Sa dd I:
Cho 5 - 6 ml limonen vdo dng nghiem, sau d6 cho tiep vdi
gi(?t dung djch brom trong CCl^ vao vd Idc nh?, thay dung ^ ^ _ ^ j =~ ^ ^ dich brom bj mat man (HS ty vilt phan iing). ' A H
Thi nghiem 2 • Limonen lam mdt mdu dung djch thudc tim. Cho 5 - 6 ml limonen vdo Ing nghiem, sau dd cho tiep Sa vai gipt dung djch KMnO^ loSng vdo va ISc nh?, thay dung
djch KMnO^ bj mdt mau (HS t\r vilt phan ting). .^;#=\
^ ,^^^
j^J^^ ^ J^~^
S(19 thing 7/2019 SI
NGHlENCOrULlLUAN
J^
^ - V ^So dd 2 la so do ngan gpn nhat.
d) U'ng dung eiia Limonen trong cdng nghiep va ddi song - Ldm chat phy gia: Trong thuc phdm xa phong, nudc hoa, dau gdi, nude lau nha, nude nia tay do ed miii thorn diu nhe va cd tinh diet khudn cao.
- Lam dung moi: Nd cd the thay the cdc san pham nhu metyletyl xeton, axeton, toluen va eac dung mdi khu trimg ehua cio va flo.
- Mdt sd ting dung khac: Trong cac hpp chat thien nhien, Limonen dupe biet den vdi dae tinh xua dudi va diet edn trimg, trir sau. Ngoai ra, ngudi ta ciing diing dung dich tinh dau chiia Limonen de phun diet trir bp chd, bp meo va cdn trimg gay hai khac (ve, vd, ran, rep), Ben canh dd, Limonen cdn cd kha ndng dipt bp gay cua nhieu chimg loai mudi gay sdt ret va sdt xuat huyet, viem nao Nhdt Ban, benh chan voi.
2.4. Ket qua nghien ciIu
Tu cac KHDH phdn Hda hpc hiru ca THPT chuyen da thilt kl theo djnh hudng PT NLST, chiing tdi tien hanh thuc nghiem (TN) su pham (TNSP) de ddnh gid tinh phii hpp, tinh hieu qua, kha thi etia cdc KHDH dd. Viec TNSP dupe tiln hanh trong nam hpc 2018-2019 tai 2 trudng THPT chuyen thupc 2 tinh khu vuc Trung Nam Bd (THPT Chuyen - Dai hpc Vinh (Nghe An), THPT Chuyen Hung Vucmg (Binh Duong)). Chting tdi tien hanh danh gid sy PT NLST
Bdng 4 : Hoat d p n g 4 : NC s a u g i d i p h a p v a d e xuat n h i i n g v a n d e m d i ndy s i n h
cua HS qua bang kilm quan sat, phieu hoi G\. HS l'^ ™ ' philu danh gia san phdm NC, bai kiem tra o nhom IN va nhdm ddi chimg (DC) trong cung mgt idp sau khi d^y cac bdi luypn tap phdn Hda hpc hihi ca THPT chuyen, roi so sanh kit qua danh gia hat nhdm nay \ di nhau.Trong khuon khd bdi vilt ndy, chung tdi trinh bay ket qua TNSP tai 2 Idp 11 va 2 ldp 12 thdng qua bai luyen t?p ve hidrocacbon khdng no (Idp 11) vd bdi luyen tap vl hap chdt dj vdng chira nito (Idp 12). Kit qua TNSP dupe thi hien qua bang kiem quan sat sau (xem Bdng 5):
Trong 10 tieu chi tren thi eac tieu chi 3. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 co dilm quan sdt chenh lech tuong ddi nhilu giita nhdm TN va nhdm DC. Dilu dd chiing id viec sir dung KHDH theo dinh hirdng PT NLST dS gitip tang cudng kha ndng dl xudt cac cau hdi NC; dl xudt cdc phucmg dn GQVD; lap kl hoaeh va thuc hien kl hoaeh GQVD mot cdeh khoa hpc, sang tao;
nh^n xet, kilm tra, danh gia, trinh bay ket qua NC sau sde, dpc dao theo phong cdch rieng va v|ui dyng ket qua NC vdo hpc tap hoac ddi sdng thuc tien. Do gia tri p d bdn Idp tren diu < 0,05 nen su chenh lech gia tri TB giua nhdm TN va nhdm DC la cd y nghia, khdng cd kha ndng xay ra ngdu nhien. Miic anh hudng ES > 1,0 ehimg td viee sii KHDH theo djnh hudng PT NLST phdn Hda hpc hfru ca dd dnh hudng gdn nhu hoan toan din sy PT NLST cua HS. Ngodi ra, kit qua thu dupe tu phieu hdi GV, HS ldp TN, phieu danh gia san phdm NC, bai kiem tra d nhdm TN vd nhflm BC diu cho thdy viec sii dung KHDH theo djnh hudng PT NLST da mang lai hieu qud cao ddi vdi sy PT NLST eho HS trudng THPT chuyen.
GV to Chifc cho HS de xuat ilng dung ket qud NC vdo - D€ xuat ifng dung k i t qud NC hodc - Khdi qudt hod thdnh phUflng phdp gidi tiSng qudt hpc tap vd ddi sflng thUc tien hodc de xudt nhiJng van vdn de mdi xuSt phdt tU BT tren.
d^ mdi ndy smh vd tim cdch gidi q u y l t n l u cfl the.
dp dung vdo hnh huong tUdng tif; cfl the dilu chinh de de van dung di/flc vdo tinh huflng mfli.
• Oe xuat difdc nhieu van d l mfli nay sinh.
Bdng 5 : Ket q u d thifc n g h i e m sif p h a m
Ooi tUdng Nhom/ l o n g diem quan sdt ciia mb'\ ti^u chi TH (SdHS)
11A4 (OHV)
11H (BD)
OC (22) TN (23) OC (17) TN (18)
1 61,6 78,2 49,3 63.0
2 52,8 73,6 46,7 59.4
3 39.6 72.4 30.9 58.5
4
39.1 67.8 30.6 54.2
5
38.6 66.9 30.5 53.7
6
32.4 64.4 29.7 51.6
7
33.0 71.3 27,2 53.8
8
39.6 71.5 30.7 54.3
9
46.2 74.7 34.8 56.5
10
55.1 73,8 43,1 55,4 , 2 ^ 5 0 C ( 1 9 ) 56,6 51.6
OHV
12H (BD)
TO (19) OC (17) TO (18)
66.5 51.1 65.1
61.7 44.2 57.6
63.4 34.3 56.8
Oiem p c i i a I TB T-tesI (SMD)
35.3 56.0 36.3 34.6 33.2 30.7 32.3 33.5 34.4
59.7 58.3 59.8 55.6 58.9 59.7
32,1 30.8 28.8 29.2 31.1 32.2 42.8 55.6 53.9 50.5 56.1 53.6 55.1 58.5
6.16X 10-6
38.6 60.4
1.35X 10-5
35.6 56.3
3.04X 10-6
52 TAP CHI KHOA HQC GWO Dgc VIET NAM
3. K e t luan
Tii kit qua TN da dupe chting tdi phdn tieh d tren cho thay viec thilt kl KHDH theo dinh hudng PT NLST phdn Hda hpc hihi ca la mpt bien phdp hieu qua de PT NLST cho HS THPT, ddc bi?t la HS trudng THPT chuy6n. Bdi vi KHDH thilt kl theo kilu nay giiip HS phat huy duoc tinh
tich cue, chu ddng, sang tao trong hoat ddng hpc tap eiia bdn than, tir dd phat trien cdc thanh td cita NLST. Ngodi ra, GV ciing can phai ed NL chuyen mdn, nghi?p vu tdt dl thilt ke duac he thdng KHDH da dang, phong phti dap ting dupe muc tieu phat trien day dii cac pham chdt va NL ciia HS, dac biet Id NLST trong giai doan doi mdi nhu hien nay.
Tdi li$u tham khdo
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF CHEMISTRY CREATIVITY - COMPETENCE - BASED INSTRUCTION FOR GIFTED STUDENTS IN HIGH SCHOOLS
Quach Van Long
High school lor Gifted Student - Vinli University No, 182, Le Duan Str., Vinti City, Nghe An Province, Vietnam Email' [email protected]
ABSTRACT: Developing creativity competency is one of the important tasks for gifted students in high schools, for which conceptual and detail designs of instruction are the key points in whole. This work overviewed the concept of the creativity competency and its indicators, then briefly compared the traditional lesson plan (teacher-centered) and creativity-competence-based instruction (student-centered).The procedure of conceptually and detaitedly designing for instruction has been suggested and demonstrated by an example in chemistry subjects.The evaluation has been conducted in 2 high schools for gifted students in Nghe An and Bmh Duong provinces. Study method used is of observation, survey on teachers and students, evaluation forms and examination marks.The response of students who followed traditional lesson plan and of whose followed creativity-cornpetenee-based instruction showed the important differences in 6 over 10 evaluation criteria. This result reflected the important role of conceptual and detail designs of creativity-competence- based instruction in developing creativity competency of high school students.
KEYWORDS: Creativity competency; creativity-competence-baseil Instruction; high school for gifted students.
Sfi 19 thdng 7/2019 S3
