Qudn y.
4. Mahesh Maratingannavar, Rajiv S. Desai, Shrinivas 8. Vanaki, Rudrayya S. Puranik,Chaitra Halakatti (2010), "Demonstration of root canal morphology of tiuman permanent teetti using transparent tootti system".
5. Deepak Shamna, Meetu Mathur (2011), "A
computer tomorgraphic study of canal variation in maxillary and mandibular first premolar teeth in Jaipur population - an in vitro study".
6. Skelton Macedo M. C , Cardoso R. J.
A.,Bombana A. C. (1999), "A simplified transversal cut system to study root canal morptiology and prepared tectiniques".
KIEN THUC, THAI DO, THUC HANH PHONG CHONG B | N H VIEM NHIEM DU0NG SINH OUC CUA PHU Nff N O N G T H O N MIEN NUI
DO TUOI SINH DE CO CHONG TAI TINH THAI NGUYEN
NONG TH! "THU TRANG - Trudhg D^ hgc Quoc gia Hi Ngi D A M K H A I H O A N - Trudng D^hgc YDupc Thai Nguyen N G U Y I N D U C H I N H - Tru&ng Bai hgc YHi Noi
TOM TAT
Ddt vin di: Vidm nhiim dudng sinh due (VNDSD) la benh hay gSp 6 phu nd. Mdt trong nhdng yiu to nguy ca cda bdnh id hiiu biit cda phu ndcon han chi.
Nghien cdu nay nhim danh gia kiin thdc, thai do, thi/c hanh phdng ching bdnh VNDSD cda phu nd ndng thdn midn ndi dd tuii sinh de cd ching tai tinh Thai Nguyen nim 2013.
Dil tugng vd phuang phap nghidn cdu: Nghien cdu md ta cit ngang d phu nd ndng thdn miin ndi 66 tuii sinh de d chdng tinh Thai Nguydn
Kit qua: Trong ting so 1.200 phu nd, phan Idn phu nd td 25-34 tuoi (43,4%), d nghe nghidp lam mdng (64,7%); ban mdt nda (53,3%) d trinh dd hgc vin td tiiu hgc trd xuing. Ti Id phu nd d kiin thOc phdng ching VNDSD tit chiim 19,5%; kiin thdc tmng binh la 21,8% vi kiin thdc yiu id 58,8%. Tile phu nOcd thai dd tit li 60,5% vd chua tit Id 39,5%. ~Ti le phu nd Go thuc hdnh tot Id 20,0% va chua tit li 80,0%.
Kit ludn: Kiin thOc, thdi dd, thuc hanh phdng ching VNDSD d phu nd ndng thdn mien ndi dd tuii sinh di d chdng chua cao.
Tirkhda: Kiin thdc, thdi dd, thuc hanh, vidm nhiim dudng sinh due, miin ndi. phu nddd tuii sinh de.
SUMMARY
KNOV\/LEDGE - ATTITUDE - PRACTICE OF REPRODUCTIVE TRACT INFECTIONS PREVENTION AMONG MOUNTAINOUS MARRIED WOMEN AT REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Background: Reproductive tract inaction (RTls) Is a common disease among women. Limitation in understanding about RTls Is one of the risk factors of RTls. This study aims to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of RTls prevention among mountainous married women at reproductive age In Thai Nguyen province 2013.
Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study v/as conducted among mountainous married women at reproductive age in Thai Nguyen province.
Results: A total hf 1,200 women, the majority (43.4%) aged from 25-34, wem farmer (64.7%), over half (53.3%) were educated to primary school or under level. The prevalence of high knowledge of RTls prevention was 19.5%, moderate knowledge was 21.8% and low knowledge was 58.8%. Prevalence of good attitude of RTls prevention was 60.5% and 39.5% was not good. Prevalence of good practice of RTls prevention was 20.0% and 80.0% was not god.
Conclusion: Knowledge, atiltudes and practice of RTls prevention among mountainous married women at reproductive age Is not high.
Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, practice, reproductive tract Infections, mountainous, reproductive age women.
D A T V A N D E
Viem nhilm dudng sinh due (VNDSD) la mdt tixing nhiJng benh hay gap d p h u nU \(ta tuoi sinh de tren t h i gidi [10]. Bdnh gdy anh hudng x l u tdi sUc khoe sinh san va chat lupng eupe sdng cfla phu nQ". Theo T l ehde Y te The gidi. khoang 50% phu nO" tudi sinh de tren t h i gidi bj VNDSD. tap trung d d c nudc dang phat trien [8], [10]. Tai Viet Nam, mdc du he thdng chdm soc khde sinh san (trong dd eo hoat dpng phPng chdng VNDSD) dd khdng n g i ^ g dupc eflng d va phat bien [1], nhung ti Id hien mae VNDSD vdn chilm tUdng ddi eao (40 - 80% tiieo tUng nghidn cUu) [9]. Cd nhieu y l u to anh hudng tdi tinh trang VNDSD nhung yeu td hang dau la do kien thflc, thai dp, thue hanh (KAP) phdng ehdng benh efla phu nit edn chua cao [9], [10]. Thai Nguyen la tinh tmng du mien nOi, ddi d n g kinh t l - vdn hda - xa hpi, trinh dp dan tri cfla ngudi ndng ddn d mUe ehura eao [2]. Do dd d the kiln thUe phdng ehdng benh VNDSD d phu ni^ d n han e h l . Cau hdi dat ra ciio chflng tdi Id thuc trang K ^ phdng chdng benh VNDSD cfla phu nCrdp tudi sinh de ndng thdn miln nfli d ehdng tai Thai Nguyen hien nay ra sao? Dd Id 1;? do ehflng tdi nghien eijfu de tai nay nham mue tidu "Ddnh gid KAP phdng ching bdnh VNDSD cda phu nd dd tuii 18 - 49, d dling tai tinh Thai Nguydn nim 2013".
Y HOC THU'C HANH (950) - S6 2/2015
D 6 | TUONG VA PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU 1. Doi tupng, dja diem va thdi gian nghien cflu Nghien eUu dudc tiln hanh tU 01/01/2012 - 30/12/2012 d d c phu nQ ndng tiidn, mien nfli d d o n g trong dp hjdi sinh de (tU 15-49 tidi) tai d c huyen:
Ddng HJ, Phd Yen vd Vd Nhai, Thai Nguydn.
2. Phuong phap nghien cflru
Nghien eUu md ta d t ngang vdi d m l u dupe tfnh theo d n g thfle
n = Z ^ „ . « , ^ x D E
Vdi p = 0,465 (ti le VNDSD d An Lao, Hai Phdng la 46,5% [7]):_ehpn d = 0,04, DE= 2 (hidu Ung tiiilt ke = 2 do chpn mdu nhieu bde) thay sd, lam trdn = 1200.
"Ky thu$t chgn mSu
^ - Chpn ehfl dfeh 3 huydn efla tinh Thai Nguyen, gom: huyen Phd Ydn (tmng du mien nfli), huyen D i n g HJ (mien nfli) vd huyen Vd Nhai (mien nfli vung eao).
- Chpn xa: Mdi huydn chpn nglu nhien 2 xa, theo phUdng phap chpn n g l u nhien ddn.
- Chpn phu nU vao m l u nghien cUu; Mdi xa, chpn 200 phu_ nu" tham gia nghien cUu theo phuong phdp chpn nglu nhien he tiidng
3. TiSu chuin phin loai vi dinh gii KAP phdng chong benh VNDSD dude xac dinh thdng qua eham diem tflpg cdu hoi. Phan loai kiln thUe theo 3 mCte dd theo phdn loai cfla Bloom: kem (< 60%
tdng sd diem), tnjng binh (60 - 79% tdng sd dilm) va tdt (£ 80% tong sd diem). Thai dd (thang do Likert), thUc hdnh dupe phan loai thdnh 2 mUc dp: tdt (& 80%
tdng sd dilm) vd ehua tdt (< 80% tdng sd dilm).
4. Xu" ly sd' lieu
Sd lieu dupc nhdp lieu bang p h i n m e m Epidata 3.1, xi!f IJ bang phdn m i m SPSS 19.0.
K ^ ' T QUA NGHIEN C U u
Bang 1. Ddc diern ehung cfla ddi tupng nghien cUu DSc di£m
L^lu6i Titnhas hpc van Dan too Nghfi nghiep
<24lu<Si 25-34lulii 35-49lu«i Ti^uhoclidxufinq
THCS THPTWISn
Kinh DanlPcthi^usd
Ldm niOng Nghe khic T6na cAnp
n 221 521 458 664 320 216 510 690 776 424 1.200
18,4
%
43,4 38,2 53,3 26,7 18,0 42.5 57,5 64,7 35,3 100,0 25 - 34 (43,4%) vd la ngUdi dan tdc thieu s d (57,5%);
d f l y l u la Idm mdng (64,7%). Hdn mdt niia ddi tupng n g h i ^ cUu d trinh d d hoe van tU t i l u hoe trd xudng (53,3%).
Bang 2. K i l n tiiUc efla phu n U v l bdnh V N D S p Ki^nlhOc
B ^ hien benh
RanhigukhlhiJ, khihubet ttiirdng Dau bung di/di NgOad'cfla minh' Dau khi quan he Onh due
n 671 238 816 127
55,9
%
19,8 66,0 10,6
Nguyen ntidng^
Hau qui
Phen loai
Thieu nuite sach vesinh Mecquanaoamudt thudng xuyen
ve sinh kinh nquygl kem Khpnq chU V VS khi quan he vo chfinq
Do Ihucmq piiai nqem dudi nudc QHTD viS nhieu ngu^ khOng dung
bao cao su Phiidunqnui3csachdevesinh Vesinhsaukhiquanheffnhduc ve sinh kinh nquyel sach se Chunq Ihuf met vd mdi chdnq anh hudnq quan he vd chdnq Vd sinh, chte nqodi iil cunq U v benh chd chdng Anh hudng den thai nhi Tanq nguy cd unq thu cd t& cunq
T5I Tmnq binh
Kem
454 219 448 212 101 114 611 330 523 227 558 427 313 227 236 234 261 705
37,8 18.3 37,3 17,7 8,4 9.5 50.9 27.5 43.6 18.9 46,5 35,6 26.1 18.9 19.7 19.5 21.8 58,8 Nhdn xet: K i l n t h u ^ efla phu nu* ndng thdn mien nfli Thai Nguydn v l bieu hien, nguyen nhdn, hdu qua v a phdng benh V N D S D c h i f t eao. Ti Id kien ttiflt tdt ehl d i l m 19,5% va tl le k i l n thUc kem e l i i l m 58,8%.
Bang 3. Thai 66 efla ddi tUdng vdi bdnh vidm nhidm dudng sinh due
Thaldd Bdnh VNDSD ie benh nguy
hilm Benh VNDSD cdlhd phdng
duo;
GieiricOaviecphdng duoc 'benhVNBSD Benh VNDSD c6 Ihl chda
duoc khdi hodn loan Ve sinh bd phan sinh due heng ngdy, ddng phudng phap id mdi bien phdp
phdng VNDSD S&dungnuft:sadise phdnq duo: bdnh VNDSD MOc dd nguy hidm dffi vdi benh VNDSD khi s& dung
nudc ban Xdy nhd tarn gdp phan phdng benhVNDSDdidphu
nQ VNDSD cd M l u chua lai nhd theo ddn vahudngddn
cOaCBYT GidtncOaviectuchCabenh VNDSD lai nhd iheo ddn vd hudnq din da CBYT
IRal ddng
* (%)
21,4 15,5 16,4 17.1
19,2
19,1 27,4
11.9
7,8
6,8 Ddng
>
(%)
73.6 56,5 35,9 23,7
77.4
77,7 70,2
80,0
77.7
78.9 Khdng
rd rdng
(%)
3,1 24,6 47,1 55,8
2,7
1,8 2,2
5,1
10,6
11.7 Mdc dd thai dd
TSI Chua tdi Tdng so
Khdng ddng
(%)
1,9 1,3 0,5 3,2
0.6
1.3 0,1
2,8
3.5
2^
n 726 474 1.200
Rai khdng ddngy
(%)
0 0 1.0 0,1
0,1
0.1 0.1
0,2
0,4
0.4 14 60.5 39.S 100 Nhan xet' Nhin chung ddi tUdng
dp ve bdnh khd tdt vdi t l id phan Idn nghien cUu
d e dap an d thai
dmflc
Y HQC THVC HANH (950) - S6 2/2015
dong 'jl. Tong hpp mUe dp thai dp tdt efla phu nCf chiem tUdng ddi cao (60,5%).
Bang 4 . Hanh vi cua phu nU phdng chdng benh VNDSD
Hdnhvi Hdng ngdy vd sinh
KN hdnh kinh, vd sinh kinh nguyeid Sd Idn vesinh khi hdnh kinh
1-2 lan
>3lan Nhd tdm Chd kin dao 1-2ian/ngdy
^ 3 lan/nqdv Cd nia v6 sinh sau khi quan he linh due Khdm phu khoa Di khdm Iheo dinh ky Khi cd ddu hieu bi benh SCrdunq dich vu TYT xd Mdc ddlhuc hdnh Tdt Chua tdt Tdnq cdng
n 918 282 859 341 269 931 637 256 120 710 240 960 1.200
76,5
%
23.5 /1.6 28.4 22.4 77.6 53,1 21,3 10,0 59,2 20,0 80,0 100,0 Nhan xet: T\ Id phu nU vd sinh khi hanh kinh tren 3 lan/ ngay (77,6%), t i l p Uieo la hang ngay v e sinh tU 1- 2 lan (76,5%). Hanh vl 6\ khdm phu khoa djnh ky t h i p (21,3%), si^ dung djch v u tram y te xa eung chua cao (59,2%). Tl Id phu nu" dat hanh vi phdng chdng benh VNDSD mUe'dd tdt tiid'p (20%).
B A N LUAN
Nghien eijfu efla chflng tdi eho thay, tl le phu nU e6 kiln thflp v l phdng chdng benh VNDSD tudng ddi thdp (Bang 2). Vide biet mpt d yeu td nguy ed gdy VNDSD nhu do thudng xuydn phai ngdm dudi nude hay do mac quin do I m udt thudng xuyen thap (8,4% va 18,3%, theo thUtu), thap hdn so vdi nghien cUu tmdc vdi tl Id bilt nguydn nhdn VNDSD do thudng xuyen ngam minh dudi nude la 47,5% [5]. Bilt hanh vi ddn gian 6$ phong bdnh nhu vd sinh sau khi quan he tinh due ehi ehiem 27,5%, t h i p hdn so vdi nghien cflu cfla Nguyin Thi Hud vdi ti Id 55,6% [5]. T\ Id phu nO d kien thut chung mUc dp tdt ve phdng ehdng bdnh VNDSD ehiem 19.5%; ehfl y l u Id ed kiln UiUe d mile do kem (58,8%).
K i t qua cfla chflng toi thap hdn ket qua nghien cUu cfla Tran Trpng NghTa (2011) vdi ti Id 53,75% ddi tupng d kien tiiflp tdt [6]. L;^ giai dieu nay theo chung tdi la do phu nu" dp tudi sinh de d khu v u t miln nfli ep trinh dd hpe van thap, n g h l nghiep chfl yeu la lam rudng. do tfnh ehat d n g vide hdng ngay nen hp phai lao dpng ndng nhpe, ft d tiidi gian tilp dn vcA thdng tin djeh vu chdm sde sOfe khde efla y te.
Phin Idn ddi tupng d tiiai dp ddng •j' hoae rat ddng y theo d c ehl sd de ra, ngoai trU nhdn thflb tdt ve viec bdnh VNDSD d the d O a khdi hodn todn ehiem 40,8%. K i t qua ndy tiiap hdn nghien cUu cfla Nguydn Thi Kim Hoa vdi 6 Id phu nu d thai dp rang bdnh d t h i dilu tii dude chilm 81,7% [4]. Tuy nhidn thai dp v l viec vd sinh bp phdn sinh due hang ngay va sU dung nude sach trong nghien eflu efla ehung tdi eao hon so vdi nghien cUu cfla Hoang Minh Hang (2011) vdi tl Id 64,0% [3]. Ti le phu nu d thai dp ehung mUe dd tdt trong nghien cflu d a chflng tdi chilm tuong ddi eao (60.5%); hAJng dUdng vdi k i t qua efla tac gia Tran
Trpng NghTa [6]. Ddy chfnh id mpt trong nhuTig ydu td thuan I d eho vide thuc hien d c hdnh vi phdng ehdng benh VNDSD cho phu nu" dp tudi sinh de tren dja ban nghien cilU.
K i t qua nghidn eflu efla chung tdi cho thay ti Id tiiUC hanh phdng chdng VNDSD mUc dp tdt chua cao (20,0%); phan ldn thuc hanh d miic dp ehua tdt (80,0%). Ddc bidt mdt d hanh vi ddn gian 6e phdng bdnh VNDSD nhU ve' sinh sau khi quan he tinh due chi dat 53,1% hay hodc di kham phu khoa djnh k^ ehi dat 21,3% (Bang 4). Co k i t qua nay theo chflng tdi Id do dae ^ I m dja ban nghien cflu va ddi tupng nghien cdu, mdt sd eh| em phu nu' d tam !;? e ngai. khdng di kham dinh ky hodc khi t>dnh ndng mdi den ed sd y te. Ben eanh dd. vide c h i a d kien ttiflpjdt vd thai dd tdt ve phong ehdng VNDSD eung se ddn tdi hanh vi phdng chdng benh eung ehia tdt.
KET LUAN
Tl l e p h u n i J f d k i l n thflc tdt ehiem 19.5%; k i l n thflt tmng tiinh la 2 1 . 8 % v a k i l n thfle yeu Id 58,8%. Ti Id phu nOf CO thai d d phdng ehdng VNDSD tdt la 60,5% va Wiue hanh phPng chdng V N D S D tdt Id 20,0%.
T A I L i t U T H A M K H A O
1. Bp Y t l va NhPm ddi tac Y te (2012), Sao cao chung ting quan nganh y te nim 2012: Ndng cao chit Iugng djch vu kham. chda benh, Bp Y td. Ha Npi.
2. Cue ttidng ke Thai Nguydn (2013), Nidn giim thing ke 2012. Nha xudt ban Thdng ke, Hd Npi.
3. Hoang Minh Hang (2011). Danh gia nhin thOC cda phu nd 15-49 tuii vi vidm nhidm dUdng sinh dgc cda phu nO Vinh Bao, Hai Phdng, Ludn vdn thae sJ, TnJPng Bai t i o c Y H a N o i , HaN6i.
4. Nguyin Thj Kim Hoa (2010). "Ktiao sdt kjen thflt, thai dp, ttiUC hdnti ve phong ching b#nh nhiem trCing dudng tieu". Tap chi Yhgc thuc hdnh, 763115-117.
5. Nguyin Thj Hue, Lam Dflc Tam (2010), "Khao sat kien t h u t ve ve sinh phu nU vdi tinh trang viem am dao tai Bdnh vidn Da khoa Can Tho", Tap chi Y hoc thuc hinh, 12(745), p 16-19.
6. Tran Trong NghTa (2011), 77m hiiu vd hiiu biit, thii dd, hinh vi phdng ching vidm nhidm dudng sinh due dudi 6 phu nd d ching bong dd tuii 18-49 tai Tam An - Phd Ninh - Quang Nam, Luan vdn thae s?, TnJdng Dai hpc Y Dupc Hue, Hud.
7. Qd TTii Uyen (2012). ThUC trang nhiim khuin dudng sinh due dudi vi tin thuang ti do hgc d phu nO nhdm tuii td 19 - 65 tai 4 xa huydn An Lao, Hii Phdng nim 2012, Ludn vdn tdt nghi#p Tliac sT Y t l cong cpng, Tmdng Dai hpc Y Hai Phong, Hai PHPng.
8. Divya A. Patel, Nancy M. Bumett, and Kathryn M.
Curtis (2003), Reproductive tract Infections, Reproductive health epidemiology series: Module 3, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Georgia, U.S.A.
9. UNFPA (2012). Compendium of Reseamh on Reproductive Health in Vietnam for the Period 2006-2010, UNFPA. Hd Ndi.
10. Worid HeaKh Organization (2005), Sexually transmitted and otiier reproductive tract infection: A guide to essential practice. Worid Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Y HOC T H U C H A N H f9501 - S 6 2/7m<
