KHOA HOC CdNG NGHE
XAC D!I\IH CdlXie THLTC PHOI TROM GIA THE PHL) HOP CHO HOA DdlVG TIEIXI TROIVIG CHAU
Dd Thi Xuan^ Duong Minh Long^, Nguydn My Hoa^
TOMTAT
Viec da dang hoa cac loai nguyen lieu va cong thiic phoi trgn cac nguyen lieu phii hop de lam giam gia thanh cua gia the trong hoa can duoc nghien cuu de tang thu nhap cho nong dan. Muc tieu cua nghien cuu la xac dinh cong thirc phdi trpn gia the phii bop de trdng hoa Dong Tidn trong chau. Qua ket qua ve sinh Uudng, su ra hoa, tdng sd hoa cua Dong Tien va dua vao gia thanh cua gia the d cac cong thiic phdi tron, cac cong diiic phdi trpn gia 1h^ phii hop duoc de xuat la NT5 (2B.Mia+0,5Tiau + lMIXE + 2P.B6), NT9 (2 M Diia+0,5Trau+2B. Mia) va NTLO (2 M. dua + 0,5 Trau). Cac nghiem thiic nay cho da cho sd la, sd choi, sd hoa nd va tdng sd hoa cao va dat hieu qua kinh te cao nhat Ket qua nghien cihi cung cho thay co the su dung mun dua, bun mia va phan bo de phdi trpn lam gia the dat ket qua tdt trong trdng hoa Ddng Tien trong chau, nhimg vdi cong thiic NTIO (2 M dira + 0,5 Trau) can duoc bd sung dinh duong day du trong qua trinh u6ng vi mun dira co ham luong dinh duong kem.
Tii khoa; Hoa Bong Tien, bun mia, mm dua, gia the. phan bo.
1. BAT VAN BE
Ndng dan trdng hoa d quan Binh Thiiy - thanh phd can Tlio hien nay chi sii dung rom tren rupng (ram r u d n ^ lam gia the trdng hoa, chua da dang ngudn nguyen Ueu lam gia the ndn vao thdi diem trdng hoa Tet, chi phi mua gia the tang cao. Cac ngudn nguyen heu cd sin tai dia phuong va a ddng bang sdng Ciru Long nhu rom da qua trdng nam, mun dira, ha trdng nam bao ngu, phan bd, him mia chua dupe tan dung va sii dung trong trdng hoa kidng. Moi ngudn nguyen heu cd dae tinh hda, ly hpc va dinh dudng rat khac nhau ndn vide xir ly gia the phu hpp va khac phuc cac nhupc diem ve dinh dudng trong qua trinh phdi trdn cac nguyen heu la rat quan ti-png (AbadetaL, 2001).
Hoa Ddng Tien (Gerbera jamesonii), la cay trdng rat man cam vdi dp pH, dd thieu vi lupng d pH cao cho nen gia the trdng hoa Ddng Tien can dupe xu ly phu hpp. Theo Dang Van Ddng va Dinh The Ldc (2003) dat trdng hoa Ddng Tidn can cd dp axit chua nhe (pH 5,S5,8), gia tri EC 1,2-1,5 dS/m, giau dinh dudng, thoat nude tdt Do dd muc tieu cua nghidn cuu la xac dinh cdng fhiic phdi trdn gia the (da duoc xii ly) phu hop de trdng hoa Ddng Tien trong chau, giiip ndng dan cd nhieu lua chpn trong vide sii dung cac ngudn nguyen heu dia phuong cd
' Bp mdn Khoa hoc Dat, Khoa NN&SElUt). Trudng Dai hoc Can Tha
- Hoc vien cao hpc nganh Khoa hpc DaL Khoa NN"&SHUt>.
Trudne Dai hpc Can Tho
gia thanh thap nham mang lai thu nhap cao cho cac hd dan trdng hoa kidng d quan Binh Thuy ndi rieng va a ddng bang sdng Cuu Long ndi chung.
2. VAT L£U VA PtnmG FHAP!»« CUU 2.1. Thdi gian va dia di&n
Thi nghiem dupe thuc hien tii thang 10/2015 den thang 02/2016 tai nha ludi Khoa Ndng nghiep va Sinh hpc ung dung, Trudng Dai hpc Can Tha.
2.2. Phuong tidn nghidn ciiu
Chau sii dung trong nghidn ciiu la chau nhua trang 7, cd dudng kinh day 14 cm, dudng kinh tren 20 cm, chieu cao 14 em. Phan NPK Dau Trau (20 - 20 -15) dupe pha tudi vao gia the 15 ngay/lin, ndng dp 3 g/ht va tudi xen ke vdi phan bdn la Dau Trau 501, 701, 901 trong khoang thdi gian 15 ngay/lan vdi ndng dp 1 g/Ut d giai doan cay con va 2 g/ht vao giai doan trudng thanh va ra hoa theo khuyen cao cho hoa Ddng Tidn tir Vien Cay an qua mien Nam. Ngoai ra, trong qua trinh trdng thi nghiem hoa Ddng Tien cd sir dung thudc tni benh Ahette 800 WG de phdng tri bdnh ddm la, thudc trir sau Reagant 3.6 EC, Bihopper 270 EC de phdng tii nhen do.
Gidng hoa Ddng tien {Gerbera jamesonii) trdng trong thi nghiem la gidng cho hoa mau dd, nhuy vang va la gidng nudi cay md tai Bd mdn Hoa - Cay canh, Vien Cay an qua mien Nam. Khi cay dupe 3 la vdi chieu cao cay la 5 cm tien hanh trdng cay vao cac chau gia the da dupe phdi trpn. Mdi chau trdng 1 cay.
Nu hoa Ddng Tien duoc giu khi cay duoc khoang 90 ngay tudi. Tlieo ddi su ra hoa, sd nu hoa va sd hoa nd
KHOA HQC C 6 N G NGHE
ddn khi cay dupe 128 ngay tudi (thdi diem xuat chau hoa ban tet).
Cac nguyen hdu dupe su dung de phdi trdn gia the bao gom: rom, rom ch^t nam, trau, ba trdng nam bao ngu, mun dira, phan bo, ba bun mia. Cae nguyen heu dupe xu ly trudc khi thuc hidn phdi trdn. (i) rom ddng (nghiem thiic ddi chiing cua ndng dan) la rom rupng da dupe bd ngap nude trong mua lu va vdt len phoi khd va trir lai, xa nuoc qua mdt lan trudc khi su dung; (ii) rom da chat nam va ha trdng nam bao ngu dupe ngam xa nude sdng trong 1 tuan, sau do u trong 2 tuan va phoi khd trudc khi su dung; (iii) mun dira:
dupe tudi xa Hen tuc each nhau hai ngay trong thdi gian 1 tuan sau dd u trong 2 tuan va phoi khd trudc khi su dung; (iv) biin mia duoe u bang each tudi che pham Trichoderma vdi heu lupng 50 g chd pham/m^
u, sau dd trdn deu va tudi them nude den am dd phii bop, il ti-ong thdi gian 2 thang; (v) phan bd khd dupe mua tii cac hd chan nudi bd va dupe u vdi chd pham Trichoderma trong 2 thang. (vi) ti^u duoc sir dung khdng qua xu ly, chi tudi xa nude cho th^m deu tiirdc khi ti-pn vao gia thd. Cac ti Id phdi trpn cua eac vat lieu duoc xac dinh dua vao thd tich ciia vat heu va dua vao ket qua thi nghidm so bd ve kha nang thoat nude ciia vat Ueu d cac ti Id phdi trdn phii hpp.
2.3. Bd til thi nghidm
Thi nghiem trdng hoa Ddng Tidn duoc bd tri trong nha ludi trdn cac gia the vdi cac nguydn lieu va cac ti Id phdi ti-pn khac nhau theo th6 thiic hoan toan ngau nhien, 10 nghidm thiic, 4 lan lap lai, mdi lan lap lai 2 chau. Mdi chau trdng 1 cay, chau each chau khoang 0 - 25 cm tiiy tan la cua cay d cae giai doan sinh trudng. Thi nghiem theo ddi su sinh trudng va phat tridn cua hoa trong thdi gian 4 thang. Cac nghidm tiiiic (NT) duoc phdi ti-pn theo the tich bao gdm:
- NTl: Rom cua ndng dan lam ddi chiing (NTl:
Rom N.Dan, DC);
- NT2: 4 Rom chat nam + 0,5 trau + 1 mun diia (NT2:4 rom C. Nam + 0,5 trab +1M. diia);
- NTS: 2 Rom chat nam + 0,5 Trau + 1 Mun dira + 2 Biin mia (NTS: 2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5Trau-H1M. D I E + 2 a Mia);
- NT4: 2 Rom chat nam + 0,5 Trau •»• 1 Mun dira -i- 2 Phan bd (NT4:2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5 Trau-H1 M. Dira-H 2 PBd);
- NTS: 2 Bun mia + 0,5 Trau + 1 Mun dira + 2 Phan bd(NT5:2B.Mia+0,5Trau+lM. Dua-H2P.Bd);
- NT6: 1 Ba trdng nam bao ngu + 0,5 Trau + 1 Mun diia -i- 2 Phan bd (NT6:1 Ba B. Ngu + 0,5 Trau + 1 M.Diia + 2P.Bd);
-NT7: 1 Ba trdng nam bao ngu + 0,5 Trau + 1 Mun diia + 2 Bun mia (NT7:1 Ba B. Ngu+ 0,5Trau + 1 M.Dua+2B.Mia);
- NT8: 2 Mun dira + 0,5 Trau + 2 Phan bd (NTS: 2 M.Dua + 0,5Trau+2P.Bd);
- NT9: 2 Mun diia + 0,5 Trau + 2 Bim mia (NT9; 2 M.Dua+0,5Tiau+2B.Mia);
- NTIO: 2 Mun dira + 0,5 Trau (NTIO: 2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau).
Cac chi tieu theo ddi bao gdm: chieu cao, sd chdi, sd la, dudng kinh la giai doan 45, 60, 90 ngay sau khi trdng, sd boa, dudng kinh hoa giai doan thu hoach.
Xii ly sd hdu: Cac sd lidu ve chi tieu ndng hoc ciia hoa Ddng Tien dupe tinh thdng ke su dung phan tich ANOVA va so sanh trung bmh cac nghiem thiic bang phep thu Duncan, sii dung phan mem SPSS (phien ban 16.0).
3. KET QUA NGHIEN CUU VA THAO LUAN
3.1. xac dinh eac edng thiic phdi trdn gia th^ phii hpp Idn su smh trudng va phat tri^n cua hoa Ddng Tidn trdng trong chau
3.1. J. Anh hudng cua cac cdng thiic phdi trdn gia the len sdla hoa Ddng Tien
Ket qua thi nghiem cho thay tai thdi diem 45 ngay sau khi trdng (NST), sd la hoa Ddng Tien d cae nghidm thicc dao ddng trong khoang 3,9- 6,8 la. Cac NT2, NT3, NT6, NT7, NT8 va NTIO cd sd la dao ddng trong khoang 3,4- 5,8 la, thap hon va khac biet thdng ke (p<0,05) so vdi NTl (Rom rupng, vdi 6,8 la).
Cae NT cdn lai cd sd la khdng khac biet thdng kd so vdi NTl. O giai doan 60 NST, cac NT4, NT5, NT6, NT7 va NTIO cd sd la dao ddng trong khoang 4,0- 5,4 la, thap hon va khac biet thdng ke (p<0,05) so vdi NTl (6,9 la). Cac NT cdn lai cd sd la khdng khac biet thdng ke so vdi NTl (Rom mpng). Tuy nhien, a thdi diem 105 NST, hai nghidm thiic NT9 va NTIO cd sd la dao ddng trong khoang 12,5- 15,0 la, cao va khac biet thdng kd so vdi NTl. Cac nghiem thiic cdn lai cd sd la cd nhidu hon nghidm thiic NTl (Rom rupng) nhung khdng khac biet thdng ke (Bang 1).
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2019 31
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Nghiem thuc NTl: Rom mong (DC)
NT2:4RomC.Nam + 0,5Trau + lM.Dira NTS: 2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5Tr4u +1M. Dua+ 2 B. Mia NT4:2RomC.Nam+0,5Trau + lM.Dua+2RB6 NTS: 2 B. Mia+0,5TrEiu +1M. Dia+2 R Bo NT6:1 Ba B. Ngii+0,5Trau +1M. Dira+2 R Bo NT7:lBa B.Ngin- 0,5Trau+ 1M.Diia+2B.Mia NT8:2M.Dua+0,5Trau + 2RB6
NT9:2 M. Dira+0,5 Trau+2 B. Mia NTia2M.Dua+0,5Triu F
CV(99
NgavsaukhitrSng 45
6,8 a 5,4 be 5,3 be 6,8a 5,8 ab 4,3 cd 3,9 d 5,3 be 6,1 ab 4,9bed
»»
15.0 60 6,9 a 6,1 ab 5,8 ab 5,4 be 51 bed 4,0 d 4,5 cd 5,8 ab 61 ab 53 be
„ 14,00
90 73 6,1 6,9 7,4 7,5 5,9 7,9 7,0 8,8 9,6 ns 242
105 73 e 7,0 e 8,0 e 8,1c 9,4 be 9,5 be 10,0 be 8,9 be 12,5 ab 15,0 a 21,1
**
Trong cimg mdt cot cac sd CO chu theo sau gidng nhau khong CO khac biet y nghia thdng ke ns: khdng khac biet thdng ke; **: khac nhau a muc y nghia 1% theo phep thii Duncan 3.1.2. Anh hudng cua cac cdng thiic phdi trdn
ddn chiSu cao cAyhoa Ddng Tien
Ket qua thi nghiem d bang 2 cho th^y, chieu cao cay hoa Ddng Tien d cac nghidm thiic gia tang theo thdi gian, dat tii 10,4 cm ddn 31,1 cm. Trong do, ba nghiem thiic NT7, NT9 va NTIO cd chidu cao cay dat cao nhat d giai doan 105 NST lan lupt la 29,6 cm, 31,1 cm va 31 cm, cao hon va khac biet thdng ke so vdi
Bang 2. Chidu cao (cm) cay hoa Ddng Tidn tai thdi di^m 45, 60,90 va 105 ngay sau khi trdng NTl (Rom mpng) la 25,6 cm. Cac nghidm thiic cdn lai cd chieu cao cay tirong duong khdng khac biet y nghia thdng kd so vdi NTl (Rom rupng) tai thdi diem 90 va 105 NST. Dieu nay cho thay, viec su dung cac nguydn beu khac de thay tiid rom rupng dupe ndng dan sir dung de lam gia the vln cho chieu cao cay tuong duong va cd the dat cao hon.
Nghi§m1huc NTl: Rom rupng (DO
NT2:4RomC.Nam+0,5Trau+lM.Dua NT3:2 Rom C. Nam+0,5 Trau +1M. Dim+2 B. Mia NT4:2RomC.Nam+0,5Trau+lM.DiH+2RBd NT5:2B.Mia+0,5TiTiu+1M. Diia+2R Bo NT6:lBaB.Ngii+0,5Trau + lM.Diia+2RB6 NT7:lBaB.Ngu+0,5Trau + lM.Dua+2B.Mia NT8:2M.Diia+0,5Trau+2RB6
NT9:2M.DiB+0,5Trau+2RMia NT10:2M.Diia+0,5Trau F
CV(%)
Ngay sau khi trong (NSI) 45
143 be 12,7cd 12,7 cd 19,5a 173 ab 10,4 d 12,4 cd 11,8 cd 17,0 ab 163 ab
**
143 60 19, lab
163 be 153 bed 213 a 213 a 12,34d 15,6 bed 143 cd 21,1a 22,1a
«»
123 90 23,4 cde
25,9 be 223 cde 26,0bc 253 bed 21,0 e 253 bed 223 de 28,5 ab 29,9 a
•*
8,9 105
25,6 cd 27,7bc 25,6 cd 27,4bcd 273 be 243 cd 29,6 ab 241 d 31,1a 31,0 a
..
7,6 Trong cung mdt cdt cac sd cd chu theo sau gidng nhau klidng cd khac biety nghia thdng ke
**: khac nhau a miic y nghia 1% theo phep thu Duncan 3.1.3. Anh hudng ctia cac cong thuc phdi trdn ctia gia the den sdchdi
Ket qua thi nghiem d bang 3 cho thay, sd chdi d thdi diem 45 va 60 ngay dao ddng trong khoang 1 ehdi/chau va khdng khac biet y ngbia thdng ke giua
cac nghiem thiic. Den thdi diem 90 va 105 ngay sau khi trdng, NTIO (2 M. Dim+0,5 Trau) cd sd chdi nhieu nhat (lan lupt 2,5 chdi va 3 chdi/chau) va khac biet thdng ke so vdi cac nghidm thiic cdn lai (p<0,05).
Cac nghiem tbiic cdn lai cd sd chdi tuong duong
KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHE
khdng khac biet y nghia thdng kd so vdi NTl (Rom tirong duong va cd nghidm thtic cd kha nang tao chdi rugog). Di^u nay chiing mmh, vide su dung cac cao hon.
nguyen Udu khac thay thd rom ddng van cho sd chdi
B4nK 3. S6 ch6i t r t a cSy hoa D6ng Tiin tai thM d i f a 45,60,90 v4105 nedv sai Nghifem thiie
Nm:Ramrapng(DO
NT2:4Rom C. Nam + 0,5 Trau +1M. Diia NTS: 2 Rom C. Nam+03 Trau +1M. Dira + 2 B. Mia NT4:2 Rom C. Nam+03 Trau +1M. Dira + 2 R Bo NTS: 2 B. Mia+0,5Trau +1M. Dira + 2 R. Bo NT6:lBaB.Ngir+03Tiau+lM.Dua+2R.B6 NT7:lBaB.Ngir+03Trau+lM.Dua+2B.Mia NT8:2M.Dua+03Trau+2P.B6
NT9:2M.Dua+03Trau+2B.Mia NnO:2M.DiE+03Trau F
CV(»
Ngay sau 45 1.1 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,1 1,0 ns 11,1
60 1,1 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,1 1,0 1,0 1,1 1,0 ns 133
khi tron^
90 1,1b 1,0 b 1 3 b 1 3 b 1 3 b 1,1b 1,4 b 1 3 b 1,4 b 2,5 a
»»
29,4 khi trong
105 1,4 be 1,1c 1,4 be 1 3 e 1,8 be 1,6 be 1,5 be 1,4 be 2,0 b 3,0 a
**
24,8 Trong Cling mot cdt cic sdcd chii theo sau gidng nhau khdng cd khac biety nghia thdng kd ns: khdng khac biet thdng kd; **: khac nhau dmucy nghia 1% theo phep thuDuncan 3.1.4. Anh hudng cua cac cdng thuc phdi trdn gia
thS ddn sdhoa na va tdng sdhoa
Sd hoa nd tren cay hoa Ddng Tidn nhieu nhat d NT9 (2 M. Dira+0,5Trau+2 B. Mia) la 4 hoa nhieu hon cd y nghia thdng ke so vdi cac nghidm thiic cdn lai, ke ca nghidm thiic NTl (Rom mpng) chi dat 2,4 hoa.
Cac nghiem thiic cdn lai cd sd hoa tuong duong nhimg khdng khac biet y nghia thdng ke so vol nghiem thiic NTl (Rom rupng) (Bang 4).
Tdng sd hoa trdn cay hoa Ddng Tidn la chi tidu quan trpng danh gia kha nang ra hoa cua cay bao gdm kha nang ra hoa trong sudt qua trinh trdng (sd hoa da ngdt bd) va sd hoa ddm dupe a thdi didm 128 NST. Kdt qua d bang 4 cho thay, hai nghiem thiic NTS (2 B. Mia + 0,5 Trau + 1 M. Dua + 2 P. Bd) va NT9 (2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau + 2 B. Mia) cd tdng sd hoa nhieu nhat lan luat la 6,5 hoa va 6,9 hoa nhidu hon va khac biet cd y nghia thdng kd so vdi NTl (Rom mong) \k 5,1 hoa. Cac nghidm thiic cdn lai cd tdng sd hoa tuong duong nhung khdng khac biet y nghia thdng ke so vdi NTl (Rom rupng). Nghiem thiic NTIO (2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau) cd tong sd hoa la 6,1, hoa nhieu hon nhung khdng khac biet y nghia thdng ke so vdi NTl (Rfflu rupng). Rieng ddi vdi nghiem thirc NTS (2 M. Dua + 0,5 Trau -H 2 P. Bd) chieu cao, sd la,
sd chdi va sd hoa thap hon so vdi nghidm thirc 10 (2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau) cd the do tinh trang hoai muc khdng deu cua phan bd trong thi nghidm (do phan bd dupe it ridng le trong bao, dp hoai muc giua cac bao khdng ddng deu) da anh hudng ddn sinh trudng, lam cay phat trien kem hon trong giai doan dau. Do dd cac vat hdu rom chat nam, bim mia va phan bd deu can chii y xu ly hoac u phii hpp va ddng ddu ti-udc khi phdi trdn (Duong Minh Long va Nguydn My Hoa, 2016). Nghien ciiu ciia Nguydn Thi Didu Hidn (2012) cho thay gia the eua ti-au va xo dira (1:1) cd hieu qua trdn su smh trudng va phat trien cua hoa Ddng Tien thuy canh trong he thdng hoan luu.
Tudng Thi Ly (2012) ket luan la Mua diia + ti-o ti-au + than bun + cat + humix + dat (ty Id 1:1:1:1/2:1/4:1) cho nang suat va ti le boa Ddng Tien thuong pham cao nhat. Trong ket qua nghien ciiu cho thay vide thay the rom bang mun dira, bun mia va phan bd cho tdng sd hoa nhieu hon nen dupe xem la cac nguyen hdu cd ti-ien vong de trdng hoa. Tuy nhidn, ddi vdi cdng thuc NTIO (2 mun dira + 0,5 ti-au), can luu y khuyen cao ndng dan bo sung dinh dudng day dii trong qua trinh trdng vi mun du'a cd ham luong dinh dudng kem (Duong Minh Long va Nguydn My Hoa, 2016).
NONG NGHIEP VA PHATTRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2019 33
KHOA HOC C d N G N G H C
Bang 4. So hoa no va tdng sd hoa tren ety a l e 8 6 n g Tifai lai Ihoi difal 128 ngay sau khi trong Nghiemthiic ' S 6 h o a n a / d 4 u | T5ng so hoa/chau [
NTl: Rom ruong (DCJ 2,4 bed, i,lbe.
NT2: 4 Rom C. Nam - 0,5 Trau + 1 M . Dua NTS: 2 Rom C. Nam + 0.5 Trau - 1 M. Diia + 2 B.
Mia
2,0 cd
NT4: 2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5 Trau + 1 M. Dim -h 2 R. Bo
2,5be
2 3 bed 5,0 be
NTS: 2 B. Mia + 0,5 Triu + 1 M. Diia + 2 P. Bo N T 6 : l B a B . N g u + 0 , 5 T r 4 u + l M . Dira + 2R. Bo 1 NT7:1 Ba B. Ngu + 0 3 Trau ^ 1 M. Diia + 2 B. Mia NT8: 2 M. Dua + 0,5 Trau ^ 2 P. Bo
NT9: 2 M. Dua + 0,5 Trau - 2 B. Mia
2,6 be 2,6 be 13 d 4,0 a
4,4 e|
5,1 be 4,1c 6,9 a NTIO: 2 M. Dua ^ 0,5 Triu
F
crv'(%)
2,9 bi
••
16,4
6,1 ab
• *
15,7 TroDg cimg mot cot cac sdcochntheo sau gidng nhau kbong co khac biety nghla thong k&
**: khac nhau (jmucy nghla 1% theo phep thuDuDcan 3,2. Danh gia hidu qua kinh t^ cua cac eong tiiuc gia th^ dupe ph6i ti^n
Bang 5. Gia th^nh (VND/chau) cua cae nghiem thiic trong hoa Bong Hen
Cae nguyen lieu duoc phdi tron Gia (VNDdong/
chau)
NTl: Rom ruong 2.397
NT2: 4 Rom C. Nam •, M. Dira
2.061 NTS: 2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5 Trau +1
M. Diia+ 2B.Mia
NT4:2 Rom C. Nam + 0,5 TrSu + 1 M. Diia + 2R. Bo
NTS: 2 B. Mia+ 0, I + 2R.B6
>Trau+ 1 M. Diia N T 6 : l B a B . Ngu
|Diia + 2 P . B o
0 , 5 T r a u + l M . 1.337 j NT7:1 Ba B. Ngu - 0,5 Tiau + 1 M.
|Diia + 2B.Mia
NT8:2 M. D i i a + 0 3 Trau+ 2 P. Bo | NT9: 2 M. Dua + 0,5 Triu + 2 B. Mia NT10:2M. Dua + 03Tr4u i
1.504 1.418 1.373 Ket qua tinh toan cho thay, neu phdi trdn rom chat nam vdi mun dua, phan bd, bim mia va trau gia thanh cac nghiem thiic phdi trdn se thap hon dao ddng tii 1.252 VXD den 2.061 \ ' \ D / c h a u thap hon so vdi gia thanh cua gia the rom rupng ma ndng dan su
dung (Bang 6). M vay, vide tan dung dupe cac ngudn nguyen heu tai dia phuong vira giam chi phi mua rom rudng vira cho nang suat cao, gdp phan nang cao hieu qua kinh te, mang lai thu nhap cao hon cho cac bd dan trdng hoa kieng.
Ket qua thi nghiem cho thay cd the thay the gia the rom rupng ma ndng dan dang sit dung bang cac gia the tii eac ngudn nguyen heu khac cd gia thanh thap hon tuy vao ngudn nguydn heu san cd tai dia phuong. Ngoai ra, cd the sii dung cac nguydn hdu co ham lupng dinh dudng cao nhu bim mia va phan bo de bd simg vao gia the. Ben canh dd, nguyen lieu mun dira rat phd bien cd dae tinh toi xdp nhung cd thanh phan dinh dudng kem do dd can chii y khuydn cao ndng dan bd sung day dii dmh dudng trong qua trinh trdng ndu chi sii dung vat heu nay. Cac vat heu rom chat nam, bim mia, phan bd can dupe xtt ly, ii hoai trude khi trdng.
4 . KET LUAN VA BE NGH 4.1.Ki^hian
Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay ba cdng thiic phdi trdn phu hpp de trdng hoa Ddng Tidn la NTS (2 B.
Mia + 0,5 Tr&u + 1 M. Dira + 2 P. Bd), NT9 (2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau + 2 B. Mia) va NTIO (2 M. Dira + 0,5 Trau). Cac cdng thiic nay cho tdng sd hoa nhieu hon, chieu cao cay cao hon va gia thanh thap hon so vdi XT rom rupng cua ndng dan.
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
4.2. D^ nghi
Tidp tuc thu nghidm cac nghidm thiic gia the phdi ti-dn cd hidu qua d cac hd ndng dan d lang hoa Phd Bd va Long Tuy^n va k^t hpp cac gia the phdi trdn hieu qua vdi cac che dd dmh dudng khac nhau de cd tiie khang dinh hieu qua cua cac cdng thiie phdi trpn dd xuat nay.
TAI U g j THAM KHAO
1. Abad, M., P. Noguera and S. Bures (2001).
National inventory of organic wastes for use as growing media for ornamental potted plant production: case study in Spain. Bioresour TechnoL, 77:197-200.
2. Duong Minh Long va Nguydn My Hoa (2016). Dae tinh mot sd nguydn hdu sii dung lam gia
thd ti-dng hoa va anh hudng eua bidn phap xii ly mun dua tren sinh trudng hoa ciic ddng ti^n (Gerbera jamesonu). Tap ehi Khoa hpc - Trudng Dai hpc Can Tha. Sd chuydn dd: Ndng nghiep (Tap 4): 1-9.
3. Dang Van Ddng, Dmh The Ldc (2003).
Cdng nghe mdi ti-dng hoa cho thu nhap cao - Hoa ciic. NXB Lao ddng - Xa hdi.
4. Ly Thi Tuong (2012). NghiSn cuu chpn tao gidng hoa hdng, hoa ciic va hoa ddng tien cho cac tinh phia Nam. Vidn Khoa hpc Ky thuat Ndng nghiep midn Nam.
5. Nguydn Thi Didu Hien (2012). Hieu qua ciia cac loai gia thd len su sinh trudng va phat trien cua ciic Ddng Tien ((Gerbera jemesonii) tren he thdng thuy canh hoan luu. Luan van tdt nghidp nganh Hoa vien va cay canh - Trudng Dai hpc Can Tho.
DETERMINING SUITABLE MIXING RATIOS OF DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES FOR GROWING Gerba^ jamesonii IN POTTED GERBERA
Do Thi Xuan, Duong Minh Long, Nguyen My Hoa Siunmaiy
Diversifying substrate materials and determining suitable mixing ratios of different materials in growing ornamental plants to reduce cost is needed to improve income for farmers. An objective of the study was to determine suitable mixing ratios of different materials for growing Gerbera jamesonii in potted gerbera.
From results of the growth, flowering of plant, total number of flowersand the cost of the combined substrates, it is possible to propose the suitable treatments including NT5 (2 sugarcane baggase + 0.5 husk + 1 coir dust + 2 cow dung), NT9 (2 coir dust + 0.5 rice husk + 2 sugarcane bagasseand) and NTIO (2 coir dust + 0.5 husk) as the good combination of substrates for growmg Gerbera jamesonii It is suggested that coir dust, bagasse and cow dung can be used at suitable mixing ratios for growing Gerbera jamesonii.
However, the substrate of NTIO (2 coirdusk + 0.5 rice husk) should be well supplemented with inorganic fertilizer because coir dust has poor nutntional content.
Keywords: Gerbera jamesonii, sugarcane bagasse, coir dust, substrate materials, cow dung.
Ngudi phan bi^n: PGS.TS. Nguydn Thi Kim Ly Ng^nhanbii: 4/5/2018
Ngiy thdng qua phan bidn: 5/6/2018 Ngiyduyetdang: 12/6/2018
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1/2019 35
