TAP CHl LICH sir SANG 5-2016
''TAM GIAC PHAT TRIEN"- DONG Ll/C QUAN TRONG TRONG QUAN HE VIET NAM- LAO- CAMPUCHIA
TS TRAN THQ QUANG Hgc vien Chinh tri quoe gia Hd Chi Minh
1. Muc tieu, quan diem xay dt/ng Tam giac phat trien
Voi didn tich khoang 144^ ngiun km^, dSn s6 trdn 7 trieu ngiroi, khu vuc Tam giac phit tridn Vidt Nam - H o - Campuehia gom 13 tinh ciia 3 nuoc.
Trong do, 5 tinh cua ^^dt Nam co didn tich Idioang 51,7 nghin km^, cliidm 35,8% didn tich, dSn so nam 2014 dat 5.199 nghin nguoi, chidm khoang 74%
dan so toan khu v\rc.
A ^ / K « xiy dung Tam gjac phat tridn Vidt Nam - Lao - Campuehia nham phat huy lgi Ihd so sanh eua Idiu vuc nay trong mdi quan h? voi ndn kinh tk ba nuoc va khu virc; dinh huong hgp tac phat tridn cac niih vuc chuyeu; xay dung cac chuong trinh, du an hgp tac, lidn kdt ho trcf nhau giiia cac linh; su limg CO hieu qua cac nguon luc cua moi tinh, moi nuoc vao mye tidu fliiic dky phat tridn nhanh, bdn viing; giai quyet ^ t cac v§n dd xS hgi, bao ve moi tnrong sinh thai; dong gop ihidt thuc vao vide tang cu6ng hop tfc kinh td gjiia ba nmSfc.
Quan diem xay dimg Tam giac phat tridn la:
Mot Id, tranh thu tdi ^ nhung mat tich cue cua chinh sach kinh td doi ngoai cua m6i nuac, duy tn khong khi hoa binh, hiiu nghi, binh ding, ton tipng lan nhau va 3 bdn ddu co lgi. Tieh cue khai thae triet dd, CO hidu qua nhflng tidm nMng tiid manh eua Tam giac phat tridn, ddy nhanh qua trinh hop tac va giao luu kinh td, xay dung chidn luge hgp tac kinh td lau dai va on dinh, dam bao d6ng bg, an khap giCtakd
hoach cua tiing nuoc voi kd hoach phat tiidn trong Tam giac phdt tiidn va voi sir phat tiidn cik cac vung lidn quan.
Hai Id, phat huy im thd dSu mdi cua ng6 ra biSn ciia Vidt Nam tao ra siic h^p dan, loi cudn giao lifif kinh td, thuc diy hgp tac, Udn kdt kinh td diy ntanh hgp tac phat tiiln dd h6 tra lin nhau cung l^i thi.
b6 sung va phdi hgp dd co sir phat tiidn ^ t hon cho khu virc va dam bao cho ca khu vuc co duoc su an ninh va phat ttien. Tich cue thiic diy hgp tac, lidn kdt kinh td giua cac tinh cua \^dtNam voicac tuih ciia Campuehia va Lao theo cac chuong tiinh phdt tiioi cay cong nghidp, kfaai Ihac chd bi^ lam san va mot s6 chuong trinh khae. Co chinh sadh phu hap voi dac thu m5i tinh cua mdi nuoc Vi^
Nam, Lao, Campuehia.
Ba Id, khoi day va phat huy toi da tidm nang, thd manh, cae nguon npi luc ciia timg tinh ttong khu v\re vao phat tridn ndn kinh td san xuSt hang hod. Phat huy va su dung co hidu qud (tiuac mat va lau dai) moi tidm nang va nguon nhan lire vao muc tidu tang truang kinh te voi tdc d§
nhanh, bdn viing. Can bdng loi ich diu ttr tiong viing, nuae nao bo ra nhidu thi thu lai nhieu. U
Bon Id. tang cuong mdi lidn kdt kinh tk tiong ngi bg vung, diong qua cdc chuong tiinh hgp ^ phdt tridn giira eac tinh ttong viing va cung \ii^
tac mo r6ng va nang cao hidu qua kinh te m ngoai, thuc hi$n nhit qudn, lau dai chmh sach^i
QUAN HE e6l NGOAI
hiit nguon lire tij bdn ngoai. Ddng thoi, lam cho cac. dia phuang trong Tam giac phat tridn Idiu vuc bidn gioi ba niroc gan bo chat che voi xung quanh ttong qua trinh phat tridn cua moi nuoc nhim chuydn doi ea cdu kinh td theo hudng nang cao hidu qua ti^ tumg nganh, tiing tinh cua khu vuc.
Dam bao moi truong, didu kidn song cua nhan dan tix)ng vung trong tiiong lai.
Ndm Id, phat tridn chgn lgc va dong b$ he tiidng CO sa ha tdng. Coi trgng phdt tiidn vung chac nong, lam, ngu nghigp va nong tiion; co ban hinh tiianh 'Vanh dai kinh td xa hgi" dpc tuydn bidn gioi, Wnh thanh cdc "khu kinh td cua khiu".
Hop tdc phdt tridn giiia cac dia phuong tipng Idiu virc dupe coi la bien phap quan tipng hang ddu dd phat tridn tot Tam giac phdt tridn khu vuc bidn gioi ba nudc c6 tinh b5i thu hut sir tham gia cua nuoc thii ba. Phat tridn kinh td, xa hgi phdi coi tipng bdo V? moi tnrdng sinh thai, d^ bidt la vung sinh tiiai diu ngudn. Tang cuong thuc hidn cdc hidp dinh hgp tdc kinh td hidn co, tao ra khuon kho phap ly va cdc chinh sdch hgp ly vd Ihoa tiiuan hang hoa qud cdnh tix)ng khu virc Tam gidc phat tiien; don gidn hoa, luac bdt va trung hoa eac thii tuc hai quan-thuong mai; va tiiu tiiC diu tir eho khu vuc Tam giac phat tridn. Thidt lap co chd hoat d^ng va qudn ly nhdm tao tiiuiui lgi cho vide thuc thi ban Quy h o ^ h da xdc dinh.
2. Ctf sor d l xay dUng Tam giac phat trien Mgt Id, khu vuc bidn gidi ba nudc Viet Nam - Lao - Campuehia cd didu kidn tii nhidn thudn Igd : dd phdt tridn mgt tap doan cay ti^g vat nuoi nhiet 1 ddi va mpt s6 cay con co ngu6n goe on ddi phong i phii, da dang, d^c bidt la mgt s6 cay eong nghigp I lau nam cd gia tri kinh td eao nhu cd phe, cao su, I didu, hd tidu... va chan nuoi gia siic ldn...
Hai Id, day la khu vuc cd tidm nang ddt nong i nghiep, dac b i ^ cd didn tich dat dd bazan ldn
(khoang 1,6 tridu ha) phan bo trdn cac cao nguydn:
Kon Ha Niing (9,8 van ha), Pleiku (3 - 4 van ha), Buon Ma Thugt (33,4 vgn ha). Dak Nong (43 van ha), cao nguydn Rattanakiri (30 van ha)... Tidm nang dit dai de md rgng dit ndng nghiep cdn kha ldn. Trong tdng s6 1,95 tridu ha dit trdng doi mii ttgc, udc tinh cd khoang 680-730 nghin ha cd kha nang nong nghidp, trong dd 3 tuih Tay Nguydn khoang 410-420 nghin ha. Nam Lao khoang 90- 110 nghin ha, E)6ng Bac Campuehia khoang 180- 200nghtiiha'.
Ba la, mgt sd tinh trong Tam gidc phat tridn da hinh thanh ndn ndng nghiep hang hod, nong Iam nghidp da dang thiic diy phat tridn edng nghidp che biai va dich vu. Ben canh sdn xuat luong thuc tiep ti^e dupe tang trudng, da hinh thanh cac viing cay cong nghiep hang hod tap trung nhu ca phe, didu, cao su... Chan nuoi, dae biet la chan nudi gia sue Ion phdt tiidn khd va cd khd i ^ g phdt tiidn nhanh hon trong tiidi gian t^. Day la mot ttong nhung tien dd tpian trgng tix)ng giao luu kinh td va hgp tac phat tridn.
Bon Id. khu vuc bidn gidi ba nude Campuehia, Lao va Viet Nam cd didu kidn dd giao luu thuong mai, trao ddi hang hoa, hgrp tdc diu tii vd md rpng thi tiordng: Hd thdng true giao thdng chinh da dupe huih thanh ndi hen giira ba nudc tdi cdc cang bidn quan trpng d mien tiimg cua Viet Nam nhu Dudng 78 (Campuehia), Dudng 18 (Lao) ndi vdi EJudng 19,24,25 (Viet Nam),... tao dieu kien cho ngudi san xuat va kinh doanh giam chi phi van chuyen, thu hep khoang each ea vd dia ly, tidp can till tnrdng... Cdc true chinh nay dam nhan vai tro cua cac hanh lang "D6ng-Tay".
Nmi Id, nhan dan cdc dan tgc ttong Tam giac phat trien cd tmydn thdng lao ddng can cu, doan kdt la mgt ttong nhung dgng luc fliuc diy qua tiinh phdt tiidn kinh td, xa hgi va hpp tac phdt tridn. An ninh, trat tu tii an dang tiing budc duac cung cd
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TAP CHf LICH StfflflNGS-2016
va di vao dn dinh. Day la mdt vin dd cd y nghia rit ldn tao ldng tin cho nhan dan ydn tam san xuat, dac bidt la ydu td quan ttgng dd thu hiit nguon dau
3.Qua trinh thuc hien htfp tac Tam giac phat trien Mgt la, x^ dmg ehuang trinh phoi hgp chung. Mpt trong nhfing ydu td quydt dinh sir thdnh cong cua cdc Tam gidc phdt tridn la sir cam kdt ciia cdc bdn vd mat chinh tii, the hidn quydt tam hgrp tdc phdt tiidn cua cac nudc. Dd sir hgp tac phat tridn cd hidu qua can xdy dimg mgt chuong tiinh phdi hpp chung cho cdc bo nganh, cdc dja phirong ba nudc, va giiia tiling uong va dia phuang cua mdi roxac.
Ve sir phoi hop a cqp trung uang, do dac thu phat trien cua ba nudc Can^iuchia, Ldo va Vi^
Nam vd quan 1^ kinh td, s^r ph6i hpp ciia cdc bp, nganh trung uong ddng mpt vai tid quan trpng.
Cho ddn nay, sir phdi hpp ifi hinh tiianh tiieo co chd song phirong, hdng nam ddu cd cac cudc hpp ciia cdc Phdn ban hpp tdc Viet Nam-Lao, Vigt Nam-Campuchia. Trong giai doan khdi diu, khi cdc du dn hpp tae tiidn khai chua nhidu, su phdi hgrp mang tinh song phuong trdn cd thd gidi quydt dupe cac vdn dd ma hai bdn quan tam hpp tdc trdn vung Tam gidc phdt tiidn. Trong tim nhin dai han, trong khuon khd hpp tdc se cd nhung du an md cd ba bdn ciing quan tam, hoac chi cd ba bdn hgp tac mdi gidi quydt dupe va phdt huy hidu qua. NhQng van dd nay chu ydu lidn quan ddn Etih vuc ngoai gjao, ngoai thuong, doi tdc, nguon v6n cho cdc d\r an, CO chd dac bidt, an ninh, qudc phdng...
Theo tiiod fliudn giiia ba bdn, mdi nudc da hinh tiianh mdt Nhdm edng tdc Tam gidc phdt tiidn, bao gdm chuyen vidn cdc bd, nganh quan trong ddi vdi Tam gidc phdt tiidn. Phia Viet Nam liy Bd Kd hoach vd Dau tu lam ndng cdt, ttong khi dd phia Lao la Bp Ngoai giao vd phia Campuehia
la Bp Thuong mai. Nhigm vu trudc tidn ciia cac nhdm edng tac la chuin bi npi dung hgp tac trong Tam gidc phdt tridn cho cupe g£^ ba Thii tuong Campuehia, Lao va Viet Nam hang ndm. TRSB thdi gian tmdc mat, khi cdc du dn hgp tdc c6iii[
vdi quy md nhd, Nhdm cdng tac mang tinh "li|i nganh" cdn dap ung vk didu phdi dupe cac ho^
ddng hpp tdc hpng viing. Trong tiiong lai, khi ^ cac dy an ddi hdi miic dp chuydn sau nhidu hon, hoac sd lupng cdc dy an hop tdc trong m6i nganh, mdi linh vuc nhidu hon, ddi vdi nhfing nganh quan ttgng, dupe im tidn, can cd mdt Nhdm cong tac chuydn ngdnh. E)di vdi vung Tam gidc phat tri^
tmdc mat edn tiiiet cd nhfing Nhdm cdng tac cho cac Hiih vyc sau: Giao thdng van tdi, Thdy di^
va mang ludi dien, Thuong mai, Du lich, Nong nghidp va Cdng nghidp chd bidn, Ngudn nhan 1^
va cdc vin dd j ^ hpi, Cdng nghd va Moi tiirdng, Ve phdi hgp cap tinh, trong Tam giac phai trien, dia phuong viia la chii tiid chinh ciia sii hop tac, vua la noi thu hudng nhung kdt qud hgp t^
Do vdy, kdt qua cua sy hap tac phu tiiugc v4o sy nang ddng, tich cyc ciia chinh quydn dia phuong va khu vyc doanh nghiep. Nhan thiic dugc van de ndu ti^n, trong cudc hpp ba Nhdm cdng tdc ve • Tam gidc phdt tiidn Viet Nam - Lao - Campuehia: | lin tiiii hai tai Vidng Chan vdi sy tiiam gia ciia dai didn cac dia phuang trong Tam giac phat ttidn, cac bdn cho ring ndn td chuc nhfing cage gap cap tinh tao didu kidn cho cdc dia phuong va khu vyc doanh ng^ep tidp xue, ban bac ti^ ^ vd phuong hudng va nhfing dy an cu tiie, nhfing vudng mac can thdo go thdng qua cdc c ^ co thim quydn cao hon.
Trong CO chd quan ly kinh td hidn nay cua ba nuoc, dac bidt Viet Nam va Lao, cac Rwog Thuong mai va Cdng n g h i ^ chua phat hio^ dupe • vai trd td chiic cdc hoat ^ g cua doanh nghi?p W nhan nhu cac nudc cd ndn kinh td tiii tiudng |Aa ]
QUAN HE DOI NGOAI
tridn, do vay, trong giai d o ^ truoc mdt, se can cd nhung Bp phan thudng trye vd Tam giac phat tridn 6 cac tinh trong vung.
Hai Id, xdy chmg cdc gidi ph^ ve cac vdn de CO lien quan
Gidi phdp tgo nguon von dau tu, dac didm ndi
• b^t ciia vung Tam gidc phat tiidn Viet Nam - Ldo - Campuehia la su Ihidu hut vd kdt ciu h^ ting kinh ' Id-xa hpi vd thuong mEti. Ty Id dan sd trong vung ' s6ng bing ndng nghidp cao, nhidu noi vdn con gift I phuong tiiuc san xuit tii cap ty tiic, san xuit hang ' hod chua phat tiidn, do vdy ngudn vdn ttong ddn
< khdng ddng kd. Cdc doanh nghidp tu nhan han chd
• ve sd lupng, chu ydu d quy mo viia va nhd. Trong i Tam gjdc phdt tridn, cac du an cd vdn nudc ngoai : (ODA va FDI) han chd vd sd lupng vd quy md L do nhidu nguydn nhan; ODA chii ydu cho xda ddi '- gidm ngheo va mgt sd hoat dgng vd mdi trudng;
I FDI chua cd mdi trudng thu hiit hip ddn. Thuc td 3 tten cho thdy, gidi p h ^ von diu tu rat quan ttpng, I qiQfdt dinh sy hinh thanh va va phat tridn nhanh I hay cham ciia Tam gidc phdt tiidn.
I Mudn duy tri va phat tridn cdc quan he lam an :i Ciia khdi doanh nghigp, phai tao didu kidn va co j chd chmh sach dd cdc nhd dau tu ydn tam kinh
; doanh va cd lai; xda bd cac rao can bat hpp ly. Tao I cdc quan he lam an gifia cac doanh nghidp liic bat : diu cd ihd d quy md rat nhd, nhu buon bdn trao J ddi doc dudng bidn, chp bien gidi... Nhung hoat j ddng khdi diu nay tao dieu kidn hpp tdc gifta cdc doanh nghidp d quy md ldn han Idii dieu kidn vd J hg ting (ciing vd mdm) duoc hoan tiiidn. Trong didu kien hign nay, vai ttd cua cac tdng cdng ty ldn eua Viet Nam (nhu Tdng Cdng ly ca phd, cao su, dign l y c . ) rit quan trgng ttong vide tao ddng lyc phdt tridn cho vung Tam gjdc bidn gidi ba nudc.
Trudc mit, Tam gidc phdt tridn chua phai la dia ban h ^ ddn ddi voi cdc nhd diu tu nudc ngoai do d day chua hdi tu dupe nhung mdi tnrdng cin titidt
Tuy nhidn, tix)ng thdi gjan ^ day, mdt sd doanh nhan (dac bidt tii Thai Lan) da theo tivc Dudng 18 cua Lao, tdi khdo sdt ciia khiu Bd Y va cdc tiiydn dudng ra cang bidn ciia Vi^ Nam; qua dd cho fliay, khi cac tiofdn dudng true trong Tam gjdc hoan thanh, se cd sy tham gia nhidu hon cdc hoat ddng kinh te cua cdc doanh nghiep diu tu nudc ngoai tiidn mdt sd Enh vuc nhu thuong mai, du lich...
Xqy dung vd dp dyng ea ehe, chinh sdch mi Mi d^c biet, tii muc tidu xdy dung Tam giac phdt tridn, cd thd Ihay hinh thiic hpp tac nay cd thd coi nhu budc diu tidn tiiu nghigm cho hgp tac rgng rai, cho hdi nhEq) khu vyc. Do vay, nhftng van dd da dupe thod Ihuan swig phuang gifia cac nudc van dupe thuc hidn d day, song can bd sung nhfing co che chinh sdch ^c thu vdi dp uu tidn cao hon. Dd la: Ap dung nhung didm uu dai nhat cua luat vd diu tu tix)ng nudc va diu tu nudc ngoai cua mdi nudc. Cd CO chd khuydn khich nhdt dd kdu gpi ddu tu cho cac cdng tiinh ldn, tiien chdt: nhu xdy dyng dudng giao tfidng va cac cdng trinh ha ting khdc cho khu vyc nay,... Tao didu kidn thuan loi cho ddng luu chuydn qua bidn gidi cua hang hod, con ngudi vd vdn diu tu trong pham vi Tam giac phdt tiien thdng qua viec phdi ket hpp chat che giua thu tiie hdi quan vd nhap canh. Ap dung co chd tiiuan lgi nhat cho ngudi qua lai va cu tiii cua tit ca cac dia phuang trong Tam giac phat tiidn, cho phep ngudi lao ddng dupe cu tiii theo chuong trinh va tiidi han ciia cdc du an diu tu; tao didu kien dd su dung lao dpng qua ngdy d nhung khu kinh td ciia khdu. Cdng dan tiiudc cac tinh trong Tam giac phat tridn qua lai kinh doanh, du lich... dupe su dung giiy flidng hanh chung cho Tam gidc phdt tridn. Tao didu kidn tiiuan lpi cho khdeh nudc ngoai xin visa tai cdc cua khau trong Tam gjdc phat trien thay vi phai tiM tan thu phu cua cdc tinh hay mdt tiimg tam dd gidi quydt. Ddi vdi cac khu kinh te cua khau, can xem xet vide hinh tiianh cac
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{TAP CHf UCH SOfflANfi 5-2016 khu cong nghiep tam nhap-cM bien-tai xuat nham tan dung loi tbk vk lao dong, vung nguyen Ueu, thuS suit uu tien hang xuit khiu cho nhttng nuoc ngheo ciia WTO. Ba Chinh phu co co che, chinh sach tai chinh (mi tien cao nhit v i thtie, h6 tro von, rni dai tin dung. ..)ik phat tri&i he ti6ng ket cau ha ting. Co chinh sach tin dung uu dai dac biet doi voi cac nha diu tu lam an tai Tam giac phat tridn.4. Mot soket qui hoat d6ng cua Tam giac phat trien Thanh tuu
Ve kinh li, Tam giac phat trien co vi tri chien lucre trong quan he hpp tac gitta ba nuoc Viet Nam, Lao va Campuehia. Qua ttinh hpp tac phat triSn thoi qua da giiip cho ttao doi thuong mai trong vimg phat ttien manh me. Viec tang cuong thu hiit cdc ngu6n von diu tu vao khu vuc nay thcii gian qua da thiic diy kinh tS cua 13 tinh thupc khu Tam giac noi rieng, d6ng thoi gop phin nang cao hon ntta quan he hpp tac kinh te giua ba nuoc noi chung. Viet Nam la nuoc diu tu nhieu nhdt vko hpp tdc ciia Tam giac phat ttien, hien co 248 du dn diu tu ttirc tiSp tai Lao voi tong von dau tu dang ky khoang 4,7 ty USD, trong do co 61 du an diu tu vao khu vuc Tam gidc tr§n ddt Lao voi so von gan 2,3 ty do la. Cdc d\r dn tap trung chii yeu vao lihh vuc nong lam nghiep, khai khoang, cong nghiep chg bien che tao, san xuit dien, xay dimg, kinh doanh khach san, tai chinh ngan hang. Tai Campuehia, Viet Nam diu tu 143 du an voi t6ng so von hon 3,2 ty USD, trong do hon mpt phin tu so du an n8m ttong khu vuc Tam giac phdt ttiSn thupc Campuehia co tti gia gin 2,2 ty USD. Phin Ion cac du an diu tu vao ttong cay cong nghiep, xdy dung, khai khoang va thiiy dierf. Cdc dir an dau tu cua Viet Nam dd gop phin thiic diy phat trien kinh te cua dia phuong, dong gop cho ngudn thu ngan sdch nha nuoc, tao viec lam cho lao dpng ban dia, cdi thien co so ha ting voi cdc cong ttinh
dien, duong, ttuong, ttam. Ben canh do, cac doanh nghiep Lao, Campuehia ciing da chii trpng dklu khd nhieu dir an vao Tam gidc phdt triSn, nhung quy mo cac du dn con nho.
Veyle, cdc tinh da chii dpng h6 trp trang cong tac phong, ch6ng dich b&ih va cham soc siic khoe nhan ddn tai khu vuc biSn gidi; ph6i hop tri&i khi lihh vuc kiem dich y tS tai cac cira khdu; t6 chik tilp nhan, kham va dieu tri cho cdc benh nhan cac tinh bien gidi ciia ba nuoc
Fe' gf(30 ^ C boat dpng trao doidaotaochocac cdn bp, luu hpc sinh va smh vien, ho tip t^plnilii, dap tap ddi ngu y bac sy, y ta, giao vien...; dao tao gido due ph6 th6ng va dao tao nghi cho cac ftadi nien tai cdc CO so day nghe gitta cdc tinh trong kim vuc ttong thoi gian qua tiip tuc dupe fflng ciraig thuc Men, gpp phin ndng cao dan tti, chit luong ngu5n nhan luc cho Tam gidc phdt trien.
Cdng ldc Ihdng lin luyen truyen tai Tam giac phat tiiin da co nhiing chuyin biin tich cue, 1)&
canh viSc ciing co kit qua dat dupe, thuc hien tit eong tdc tuySn tt^iyin, giao due, phi biin cM ttirong, chinh sdch ciia Dang, phap luat ciia Nhi nudc; trdt tu an toan giao thong, an toan ve sinh thue phim..., da gop phin lam cho nhan dan ba nuoc ttong vung hieu biet ldn nhau hon, va co dupe sir hen ket, hop tdc va no luc hon vi sir phai ttien cua khu vuc.
Llnh vuc gidm ngheo dupe tiiin khai dong bo, nhiiu mo hinh xoa doi, giam ngheo hieu qua diin:
xay dung va nhan rpng a dia p viec lam, tang thu nhap, i
bin viing, giiip cac h5 gia dinh va dia phuong I^ia ehpn dugc viSc lam, cay fring, vdt nudi phiihgp.
vi quy hoach vd hap tic bao ve mdi tntimi, cdc tinh dd chu d^ng hpp tdc ttong vinde baov!
rttng, ngan chan phd nmg lam nuong ray, baof da dang sinh hpc, bao ve ngudn nude; eung tham gia gidm sdt, kiim soat viec vdn chuyin, bu&ibin
A
QUAN Hindi NGOAI
^
dpng, thuc vat hoang da xuydn bidn gidi, kidm sodt 6 nhiem xi^dn bidn gidi... ihdng qua cdc hdi nghi, hdi thao.
Ve vdn de an ninh, quoc phong bien gidi. Tinh hinh kinh ^ x a hpi, qudc phdng-an ninh, chmh tri, tiat til an tiMn xa hpi, ti^n dja ban ca ban dn dinh va phat trien bdn viing. Cdng tdc phdn gjdi cam mdc trong khu vuc da dupe cdc ben tich cm; tridn khai thuc hidn.
Sho khdn, Hon che
Khd ididn tra ngai ldn nhit ddi vdi phdt tridn noQg nghidp cua khu vuc la sir phan bd kiidng ddu vd ngudn nudc. Mua mua thudng cd mua ldn va tap tiung gay ra lii lut ngap dng d nhieu noi dnh hudng ddn sdn xuat va ddi sdng cua nhan dan.
Han han keo dai la tinh trang phd bidn trong miia khd, van de thidu nudc vd mua khd ngdy cang trd ndn n ^ d m trpng vi dien tich riing ngay cang bi thu hgp.
Hau qua cua chidn tranh keo dai va qua trinh khai fliac tai nguydn phuc vu sdn xuat va ddi song khdng hap ly, thidu quy hoach ndn dien tich ning hi suy gjam nhanh chdng, mdi tiudng sinh thai dang bi de dpa nghidm trpng. Didn tich dit tidng, ddi niii tipe dang cd xu hudng tang ldn, bi tiioai hod, xdi mdn, riia trdi.
Kinh td ciia khu vuc phdt tridn cdn cham, khdng bdn vung va mat can doi, chua khai thdc cd hidu qua tidm nang the manh cua tiing viing. Cac vung kinh td ddng luc phat tiidn chdm, sdn phim hang hod chua cao. Mpt bp phan ldn ndng dan la ddng bao dan ^ , sdng d vung bien gidi, ddi sdng cdn gap nhidu khd khan.
Co sd ha ting kinh td-x3 hdi my da dupe chu trpng diu tu nhung vdn cdn nhieu bat cap tmdc yeu ciu phat tridn nhanh ciia nen kinh td, nhat la vung sau, vung xa, vung ddng bao dan tdc it ngudi. Co sd ha ting ndng nghidp va ndng tiidn cdn ydu, chua dap iing dupe ydu ciu sdn xudt
va ddi sdng, dac bidt la he tiidng tiiuy lpi va giao thdng ndng tiidn.
Cdng tdc lap kd hoach bd tri cay trdng vat nudi, lap kd hoach diu tij cdn nhidu han che do tiiidu cac nghidn ciiu didu tia co ban vd ndng lam nghig) nhu dat dai, ngudn nudc, tai nguyen ning, kinh td xa hdi...; he tiiong sd lieu thdng kd chua day du va hdn tiic, thidu du: tiam quan tide khi tupng tiiiiy
\ ^ can thidt.
Trinh dp ddn tri, ky fliuat san xudt cua mdt bp phan Idn dan cu trong vimg cdn t h ^ , dpi ngu can bp ky fliuat cdn thidu cd vd sd lupng va chat lupng, chua dap iing duoc yen can san xuit, nhdt la sdn xuat san phim hang h o l
Tdm lai, qud trinh hinh thdnh va van hanh ciia Tam gidc phat tiidn thdi gian qua da khoi day va phdt huy ^ i da tiem nang, thd manh, cac ngudn ndi luc ciia tiing tinh trong khu virc vao phdt tridn ndn kinh td, sdn xuat hang hoa tiiiic day muc tidu tang tiudng kinh td vdi tdc dp nhanh, bdn viing.
Ben canh kinh td, Tam gidc da tang cuong mdi hen kdt ti:ong ndi bd vimg Ihdng qua cac chuong trinh hop tac phat tridn vd van hda-xa hdi, gido duc-dao tao, an ninh, quoc phdng... dd hudng tdi mdt khu vuc cd tinh hen kdt cao, gan bd toan didn, phdt tridn bdn viing. Vdi nhiing kdt qua budc dau quan trgng, da tao ra thd va luc cho mpt hanh trinh sang tao mdi ciia Tam giac trong tuong lai.
1.https://www.clv-development.org/portal/page/
portal/clv_vn/817442
2. htipy/vovvn/kinh-te'hoi-ngjii-xuc-tien-fliuong-mai- dau-tu-dii-lidi-campuchialaoviet-nam-350831 .vov
