KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
OAIXIH GIA VIEC THIJC HIEIM QUYEIXI CLIA IXIGUOI SLT DLJIXIG DAT TREIM DIA DAIM THAIVH PHD PLEIKU, TllVH GIA LAI
Trdn van KhaiS Trdn Trgng Phuong^, D6 van Nha^, Nguydn Diic Ldc^, Nguyin Tliu Huemg^
T6MTAT
K^t qua nghien cuu viec thuc hi?n cac quyen cua nguoi sir dung dat tren dia ban thanh pho Pleiku giai doan 2010-2017 ebo thay: quydn chuyen nhuong quy^n sir dung dat (QSDD) co 7074 truung bop, co 1540 trudng hgp tiiira k^ QSDD, co 2790 hirong hgp tang cho QSDD, co 2771 trudng hgp tii^ chap bdng QSDD, c6 95 trudng hgp cho thue QSDD, co 7 truimg hop cho diu6 lai QSDD, c6 3 tnrcmg hgp gop von bang gia tn QSDD, cd 6 tnrcmg hop chuyen ddi QSDD. Tai 3 xa, phuang ngbign ciru di^m giai doan 2010 - 2017: co 66 trudng bop thuc hien quyen chuyen nhuong QSDD, co 31 trudng bop thuc hien quyen thua ke QSDD, co 41 truong hop thuc hien quyen tang, cho QSDD. Y kidn danh gia cua ho gia dinh ca nhan: (i) Ve thii tuc thuc hien cac QSDD d con 22,22% cho la phiic tap; (ii) Ve tiioi gian: 41,11% tii 16i la mat tiidi gian dai; 3,33% tia 16i la rdt dai; (iii) V^ cac van ban buong ddn co 31,11% tra loi la kho hieu; (iv) Va kha nang fliuc hien cac quy dinh cua Luat Ddt dai ve QSDD: con 27,78% tra len la kho thuc hien De nang cao hieu qua viec thuc bien va dam bao quyin loi cua nguoi sir dung dat diing phap luat, khi thuc hien cac quyen can bdt budc phai thuc hi^n dang ky vm ca quan nha nuoc va thuc hien dong bo cac nhom giai phap do la: Giai phap ve co che, chinh sach; giai phap ve cong tac tuyen truydn, pho bi^n phap luat; giai phap ve khoa hoc c6ng ngh&.
Tii khoa: Quyen sir dung ddt, hidu qua sir dung dat, thanh phd Pleiku.
1.BATVANDE
Hien phap sua ddi nam 2013, quy dinh: Ngudi duoc Nhd ntrde giao dat thi dugc thuc hien quyen ehuyen su dung ddt (QSDD) theo quy dinh ciia phap luat Cung vdi su phat trien cua kinh te thi tnrdng Id su phdt trien manh me cua thi truong quyen QSDD.
Tuy nhien, den nay tinh hinh thuc bien cdc quyen su dung ddt d- mgt sd dia phuong vdn edn nhieu bdt cap edn duoc gidi quydt nhu: Cdc quy dinh phap luat cua CO quan qudn ly nhd nude ed nhieu dnh hudng den vide thuc hien cdc quyen eua ngudi sir dung ddt;
ngudi six dung ddt thuc hidn cdc QSDD nhung khong lam thu tue theo quy dinh vi nhirng ly do khae nhau;
edng tdc bdi thudng dat dai khi Nha nude thu hdi dat dd sir diing vdo muc dieh qude phdng, an ninh, Igi ich qudc gia, loi ich cong cdng vd phdt trien kinh te, dua vdo khung gid dat do Nha nude ban hdnh hdng nam khi ap dung vao tiiuc tidn d- mot sd dia phuong van cdn cd khd khan nhat dinh anh hudng den qua tiinh thu hdi dat tai mgt sd du an. Ddng thda, vide tiiue hidn ede quyen dugc phdp luat quy dinh ddi vdi hg gia dinh, cd nhan edn chua phat huy tdi da, dan d^n
' T6ng Lien doan Lao dgng Viet Nam
^ Khoa Quan ly dJt dai, Hgc vien Nong nghiep Viel Nam
^ Cong ty C6 phk Dia chinh Ha Noi
cdn nhiing vi pham phap luat trong vide sir dung ddt gay anh hudng vd mat kinh te xa hdi, dSc biet Id khieu nai, td cdo, tranh chdp dat dai.
Thanh phd Pleiku Id trung tam kinh te, van hda, ehinh tii ciia tinh Gia Lai, ndm d phia Bdc viing Tay Nguyen. Pleiku cd vi tri chien luge quan tigng trong phat trien kinh te - xa hgi, qudc phdng, an ninh cua cd nude. Pleiku ndm tien true giao tbdng giua Qudc Ig 14, Qudc Ig 19 vd dudng Ho Chi Minh, gdn cua khau Le Thanh va cira khau Bd Y tidp giap Lao va Campuchia dang tien da pbat tiien ca ve kinh te, van hda, xa hgi. Trong nhiing nam gdn day, thanh phd Pleiku ed tdc do dd tbi boa nhanh cho cdc muc tieu phdt tnen kinh te xa hdi. Qua trinh chuyen dich eo cau kinh te, phan bd dat eho nhu cdu phdt tnen eac khu cdng nghiep, khu do thi mdi tap trung manh me dang didn ra tien dia ban thanh phd. Nhu cdu ve quyen su dung dat (QSDD) cho viec phat trien kinh te xa hdi ngdy cang tang, tiiy nhien hien nay tinh tiang thue bien cdc QSDD khai bao chua day du, chua tuan thu dung quy dinh cua phap luat tai thanh phd Pleiku vdn edn didn ra. Nghien ciru vide thuc hien quydn eua ngudi su dung ddt tien dia ban thanh phd Pleiku, tinh Gia Lai nham de xuat mgt sd giai phdp gdp phan thuc hien diing, day du cdc quydn cua ngudi su dung ddt tien dia bdn.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
2 . PHAM VI VN PHUONG PfUP N a H CUU 2.1. Pham vi nghifen ciiu
Thanh phd Pleiku, tinh Gia Lai, trong dd chgn 3 phuimg, xa la Phii Ddng, Hoa Lu va xa Gao dai dien cho khu vuc nghien aiu tren dia ban thanh phd Pleiku, tinh Gia Lai giai doan 2010-2017.
2.2. Phuong p h ^ nghito cuu 2.2.1. Phuang phap chon diem nghien cuu a) Chon khu vuc dieu tra
Do viec thuc hien cac QSDD b cae tmng tam, vimg ven trung tam va xa vung xa, midn nui cd nhirng dae thii khac nhau, cae phuimg, xa duge lua chgn di&u tra theo cae tieu chi de tiiuc hien nhu sau:
+ Phudng Phu Ddng. Ia phuong trung tam aia thdnh pho Pleiku, noi cd nhidu giao dich, chuyen quyen mue dich sir dung ddt giiia cac hd gia dinh, ea nhan va dai dien vimg trung tam thuong mai dich vu phat trien.
+ Phudng Hoa Lu. Dai dien ebo phudng dang cd cac khu dd thi mdi (khu dd tin mdi Cau Sat, Tra Da, cum cdng nghiep Tra Da...) dang xay dung, day la phudng phat trien kinh te cua thanh phd Pleiku.
+J(i Gia. Dai dien eho xa mien niii thugc thanh phd Pleiku, da sd la ddng bao dan tdc it ngudi, noi ngudi dan sdng chu yeu bang viec canh tac nong lam nghidp, nuong ray, dinh canh dinh or.
b) Chon ddi tuong didu tra
Cac hg gia dinh, ca nhan da ddn Chi nhanh Van phdng Dang ky dat dai thanh phd Pleiku lam eac thu tuc, giao dich, the chdp ben quan den 3 quyen sii dung ddt dugc lua chgn tren dia ban 3 phuimg, xa nghien ciru diem la phudng Phii Ddng, Hoa Lu va xa Gao ciia thanh phd Pleiku tiong giai doan 2010 - 2017.
2.2.2 Phuong phap tiiu diip tai heu, sd hdu tiiu cap
Cae sd lieu, tai lieu thii cap ve didu kien tu nhien, kinh te xa hdi; bien tiang su dung ddt, thdng kd dat dai dugc thu thap tir Phdng Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng, Phong TTidng ke. Van phdng UBND thanh phd, Chi nhanh Van phdng Dang ky dat dai thanh phd Pleiku; cdc So, Ban ngdnh tiong tinh Gia Lai.
2.2.3. Phuongphap dieu tra sdheu sacap Thu thap sd Ueu so cdp tir cac ndng hd thdng qua phieu didu tra ndng hg. Mdi phudng /xa dieu tra 30 bg da thue hien cdc quyen su dung dat. Dieu tia theo ddi tugng: Cac hg gia dinh, ea nhan dang sir dung dat
Phieu didu tia tbeo quy tdc ngdu nhien nhdm thu thap tinh hinh thuc hien quydn str dung dat a ciia cac hd gia dinh, ca nhan tai 3 phudng, xa dugc lua chpn.
Noi dung phieu dieu tra gdm thdng tin ve dat cua hg, tinh binb sir dung dat eua hg (thuc hien quyen ehuyen nhugng quyen sir dung dat; quyen thira ke quydn str dung dat; quydn tang, cho quyen sir dung dat) va y kien cua hg gia dinh ve viec thuc hiSn quydn su dung dat
2.2.4. Phuong phap tbdng ke, so sanh va phan ti'ch sdheu
Sd Heu duoc phan tich, xir ly, tinh toan vdi suhd tig ciia phdn mem Excel Tren co sd sd lieu dd phan tich danh gia cae dac trung cua cac quydn sii dung dat cua cac diem dieu tia nghien aiu.
3. KET QUA NGMBV CUU VA THAO LOAN
3.1. Danh gid tinh hinh tin^re hi$n cdc quy^n ciia ngirdi sii dung dat trdn dia ban thanh phd Pleiku giai doan 2010-2017
3.1.1. Tinh hinh thuc hien quyen chuyen nhuong quyen su dung dat tren dia ban thinh phd Pleiku Bang 1. Kdt qud thuc hidn quydn chuydn nhugng quydn sir dung dat trdn dia ban TP. Pleiku
giai doan 2010-2017
DVT; Trudng hgp TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Don vi hanh chinh Phuong Yen D6 PhLTCmg la Kring Phuong Hoi Thuong Phuong Hoi Phii Phuong Phil Ddng Phuong Hoa Lu
2010 55 58 25 41 91 94
2011 45 46 19 34 76 72
2012 42 44 17 35 72 68
2013 46 47 19 34 77 76
2014 50 53 23 37 83 85
2015 52 56 29 45 87 87
2016 48 59 33 48 96 95
2017 50 60 40 53 102 103
Tdng 388 423 205 327 684 680 136 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHt 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Phuong Tay Son Phudng Thdng Nhat Phudng Ddng Da Phudng Tra Ba Phudng Thang loi Phudng Yen The Phudng Chi Lang Phuang Didn Hdng Xa Chu Hdrong Xa Bidn Hd XaTSnSon XaTraDa XaChuA XaAnPhu Xa Dien Phu Xala Kenh XaGao
Tdng cac xa
58 62 35 55 44 36 32 32 41 24 26 26 11 42 28 15 24 955
43 47 25 44 35 27 22 24 31 16 21 18 7 27 21 13 18 731
41 43 22 42 32 25 21 22 28 14 18 16 6 25 22 14 17 686
42 48 24 43 33 26 24 25 33 17 19 19 8 28 21 17 21 747
53 56 32 50 40 33 29 29 37 22 24 24 10 38 25 14 22 869
56 60 39 61 46 41 37 34 39 23 25 25 13 39 27 17 27 965
57 63 47 65 43 43 41 32 43 21 25 26 15 42 28 21 29 1020
58 64 60 72 45 48 42 33 45 22 26 27 18 46 28 27 32 1101
408 443 284 432 318 279 248 231 297 159 184 181 88 287 200 138 190 7074 So heu o bang 1 cho thay, giai doan 2010-2017,
tien dia bdn TP. Pleiku cd 7074 trudng hop chuyen nhugng quydn sir dung dat Tap trung nhieu nhat d phudng Phil Ddng vdi 684 tnrong hgp, phudng Hoa Lu vdi 680 trudng hgp, thap nhat la xa Chu A vdi 88 trudng hap. Sd lieu qua eac nam cho thay nam 2016 cd tong sd 1020 trudng hgp, nam 2017 cd 1101 trudng hgp. Cdn nam 2012 vdi 686 truimg hgp, do xu thd chung ciia thi tnrdng bat ddng san trdn ea nude ddng bang, nen nhiing nam nay sd tiirdng hop ehuyen nhugng thap.
Tai cac xa, phudng cd dieu kien kmh te phat tiidn khac nhau cd su khae biet. Tai eac xa, phudng
Bang 2. Kgt qua thuc hi^n quy^n thira kd quy^n sir dgng ddt tren dia bdn TP. Heiku giai dogn 2010 - 2017
trung tam cua thanh phd, noi cd nhieu khu dd thi, khu cong nghiep, thuong mai dich vu phat trien viec
"mua ban dat" didn ra sdi dgng ban tai nhirng xa midn mii, da sd la ddng bao dan tdc it ngudi. Tuy nhien d mdi xa, phudng qua cac nam vide thge hien cdc quyen khdc nhau eung ed su bien ddi khac nhau.
3.1.2. Tinh hmh thuc hien quyen thua kd quyen su dung dat
Trong giai doan 2010 - 2017, vide thue hien quyen thiia ke quyen sir dung ddi vdi dat d tien dia ban thdnh phd Pleiku ed xu hudng tang len, nam sau cao hon so vdi nam trude (Bang 2).
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Don vi hanh chinh Phudng Yen Dd Phudng la Kring Phudng Hdi Thuong Phudng Hdi Phii Phudng Phii Ddng Phudng Hoa Lu Phudng Tay Son Phudng Thdng NhA Phudng Ddng Da
2010 11 15 7 15 20 15 15 18 14
2011 8 9 5 11 13 9 10 13 10
2012 6 8 4 10 12 8 8 12 8
2013 9 8 5 13 11 11 12 14 9
2014 10 14 6 14 18 14 14 16 13
2015 14 10 8 9 15 16 7 23 15
2016 19
8 11 6 20 11 12 24 20
DVr:Tr 2017
22 6 12 5 23 15 14 31 24
udng hop Tdng
99 78 58 83 132 99 92 151 113 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Phudng Tra Ba Phudng Thing loi Phudng Yen The Phudng Chi Lang Phirong Dien Hdng Xa Chu Hdrong XaBienHd XaTan Son XaTraDa XaChuA XaAnPhu Xa Dien Phii Xa la Kenh XaGao
Tdng cac xa
7 6 4 6 11 4 9 4 7 3 7 7 8 7 220
5 5 3 5 8 3 5 3 3 2 4 2 4 3 143
4 3 3 6 7 2 6 4 2 1 3 1 3 4 125
7 4 4 3 7 4 5 2 4 2 4 3 5 4 150
6 5 4 5 10 4 8 4 6 3 6 6 7 6 199
11 7 7 8 12 5 7 6 4 4 4 3 10 7 212
9 11 6 7 8 8 9 8 4 5 3 5 11 9 234
7 9 5 5 11
7 10 10 3 5 2 6 14 11 257
56 50 36 45 74 37 59 41 33 25 33 33 62 51 1540 Sd heu the hien d bang 2 ebo thdy, giai doan
2010-2017, ti-en dia ban TP. Reiku cd 1540 tiirdng hop thira ke quydn sit dung dat Tap tnmg nhidu nhat d phtrcmg Thdng Nhat vdi 151 tiirdng hgp, phudng Phil Ddng vdi 132 tnrdng hgp, thap nhat la xa Chu A vdi 25 tnrdng hgp. Viee ngudi sit dung ddt thuc hien quyen thira ke khong ddng ddu d tat ca cac xa, phudng do ydu td nhan thuc phap luat khac nhau, ngudi dan ehua thuc su chii dgng vi quyen Igi ciia Bang 3. K^t qua thuc hidn quy&i tang, cho quydn sii
minh, chua hieu bet diroc quydn loi aia ngudi dugc thiia ke. Ddi vdi ca quan nha mroc, cdn tidp tuc ti^en truydn cac quy dinb phap luat Hen quan nhdn ttiiia ke quydn sit dung dat nhdt la khi dat dai ngay cang co gia tri, de eong tac quan ly nhd nuoc ve dat dai ngay cang hieu qud hon.
3.1.3. Tinh hinh thm: hien quyen tang, cho quyen su dung dat
dung ddt trdn dia bdn TP. Pleiku giai doan 2010-2017 DVT: Truong hgp TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Don vi hanh chinh Phudng Yen Dd Phudng la Kring Phudng Hoi Thuong Phudng Hoi Phii Phudng Phu Ddng Phudng Hoa Lu Phudng Tay Son Phudng Thdng Nhat Phuong Ddng Da Phuong Tra Ba Phudng Thang loi Phudng Yen Thd Phuong Chi Lang Phudng Dien Hdng Xa Chu Hdrong Xa Bien Hd
2010 17 20 24 24 20 19 23 30 15 29 25 19 21 14 19 9
2011 12 14 17 17 14 13 16 21 11 20 18 13 15 10 13 6
2012 9 11 13 14 11 10 12 16 8 16 14 10 12 8 10 4
2013 13 16 19 20 16 15 18 24 12 23 20 15 17 11 15 7
2014 15 18 22 22 18 17 21 27 14 26 23 17 19 13 17 8
2015 19 23 18 23 22 14 24 31 15 25 25 17 19 11 19 10
2016 23 20 14 20 20 19 27 42 14 28 29 19 21 14 21 9
2017 24 25 15 21 18 21 31 48 12 30 27 20 22 15 20 8
Tong 132 147 142 161 139 128 172 239 101 197 181 130 146 96 134 61 138 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE 17
18 19 20 21 22 23
XaTSnSon XaTraDa XaChuA XaAnPhu Xa Dien Phii Xa la Kenh XaGao
Tdng cac xa
8 9 11 11 10 13 7 397
5 6 8 8 7 9 4 277
4 4 6 6 5 7 3 213
6 7 9 9 8 10 5 315
7 8 10 10 9 12 6 359
8 10 8 10 11 14 7 383
10 9 6 9 12 19 6 411
11 11 7 9 14 21 5 435
59 64 65 72 76 105 43 2790 Sd Ueu d bdng 3 eho thay, giai doan 2010-2017
tidn dia bdn thanh phd Pleiku ed 2790 hirdng hop thuc hien quyen tang, cho QSDD. Quyen tang, cho QSDD duge thtrc hien nhieu nhat la phuang Thdng Nhdt vdi 239 trudng hgp, it nhat la xa Gao vdi 43 trudng hgp. Phdn Idn la cac trudng hgp tang, cho QSDD d la cac tiirdng hgp bd me, dng ba cho con.
Bang 4. K^t qua thuc hiSn quy^n th^ chap quy^n sit
chau khi ra d rieng va nhung ngudi chuyen sang ldm nghe khac, chuydn di lam xa hoac eon gai khi di lay chdng d' ngodi xa de lai dat d, dat trdng cay lau nam cho cdc thanh vien khac trong gia dinh su dung.
3.1.4. Tinh hinh thuc hien quydn the chip bing gia tri quydn su dung dat
dung dat ti-dn dia bdn TP. Pleiku giai dogn 20102017 pVTiTrtrdrnghgp TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Don VI hanh chinh Phudng Yen D6 Phudng la Kring Phudng Hdi Thuong Phudng Hdi Phu Phudng Phil Ddng Phudng Hoa Lu Phudng Tay Son Phudng Thdng Nhat Phudng Ddng Da Phudng Tra Ba Phudng Thdng loi Phudng Yen The Phudng Chi Lang Phudng Dien Hdng Xa Chu Hdrong Xa Bien Hd XaTan Son XaTraDa XaChuA XaAnPhu Xa Dien Phii Xa la Kenh XaGao
Tdng cac xa
2010 24 11 15 21 36 20 23 15 24 26 19 18 20 14 13 12 11 3 7 9 10 7 11 369
2011 17
8 11 15 26 14 16 11 17 19 13 12 14 10 9 8 8 2 4 6 7 4 8 259
2012 13
6 8 12 20 11 12 8 13 15 10 10 11 8 7 6 6 2 3 5 6 3 6 201
2013 20
9 13 17 30 16 19 13 20 22 15 14 16 12 11 10 9 3 5 7 8 5 9 303
2014 22 10 14 19 33 18 21 14 22 24 17 16 18 13 12 11 10 3 6 8 9 6 10 336
2015 27 13 12 21 34 25 23 19 26 27 18 18 20 18 14 13 12 5 5 9 10 8 12 389
2016 34 14 15 20 37 29 25 20 29 31 21 21 23 21 15 15 15 6 7 8 11 9 13 439
2017 39 13 17 22 36 32 24 23 31 33 23 22 24 24 17 16 17 6 8 10 13 10 15 475
Tdng 196 84 105 147 252 165 163 123 182 197 136 131 146 120 98 91 88 30 45 62 74 52 84 2771 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CdNG Kdt qua thuc hien quydn the chz^ quyen sir dung ddt ti-en dia ban TP. Pleiku giai doan 20102017 diKie the hien chi tiet qua bang 4. Cd 2771 trudng hgp thuc hien quydn thd chap quyen su dung dat Quyen the chap quyen sir dung ddt duge thuc hien nhieu nhat la phudng Phu Dong vdi 252 tnrdng hgp, it nhat la xa Tra Da vdi 30 trudng hgp. Tai cac xa, phudng trung tam cua thdnh phd, viec the chdp quyen su dung dat (muc dich kinh doanh, sdn xudt hang hda...) nhieu ban tai nhiing xa midn mii, da so Id dong bdo dan tgc it ngudi.
Viec quy dinh phai dang ky the chap tai Chi nhanh Van phdng Dang ky QSDD thanh phd Pleiku da cd tac dung qudn ly duge viec the chdp quydn sir dung dat giira ngudi su dung ddt vdi ngan hdng, ca quan nha nude la ngirdi diing giiia dam bao phan phap ly cho cdc ben, nen ban che nhiing tranh chap dat dai cd the xay ra neu ngudi su dung ddt khdng dang ky khai bao. Ngucri su dung dat dugc bdo dam phdp ly vd quyen Igi vdi thua dat cua minh.
3.1.5. Tinh hinh thuc hien quydn cho thue quydn su dung dat
Trdn dia ban thanh phd Pleiku, giai doan 201O 2017 quyen cho thue QSDD dugc thue hidn tdng sd la 95 trudng hgp (trong do: phudng Hgi Phii 17 trudng hop, phudng Phii Dong 15 trucmg hgp, phudng Hoa Lu 31 truong hgp, phudng Dien Hdng 19 truong hgp, xa Bien Hd 7 trudng hgp, xa An Phii 6 trudng hgp). Vdi dac diem Pleiku Id thanh phd midn nui, viec thuc hien quydn cho thue QSDD chu yen la cho thu^ dat vudm de trong cay lau nam nhir ca phe, hd tieu,.. .Tuy nhien, vdi tam ly chimg ciia nguoi dan ngai den khai bdo vdi co quan nha nude, dac biet la nhimg xa tap trung chu yeu ngirdi ddng bdo dan tdc thieu sd nhu xa Gao, la Kenh,... thi viec thuc hien quyen cho thud QSDD khong dugc khai bao ddy dii vdi CO quan nha num:, gay ra tid ngai cho cong tdc quanly.
3.1.6. Tinh hinh thuc hien quyen cho thue lai quydn su dung dat
Vdi dac diem nguiri dan chii ydu la ngudi dong bao dan tgc thieu sd nhu Jrai, Bahnar,... thanh phd Pleiku, giai doan 2010-2017, viec thuc hien quyen cho thue lai quyen sii dung ddt didn ra rat it voi tdng sd 7 tnrdng hgp (trong do phudng Phii Dong 3 tnrong hgp, phudng Tra Ba 2 tnrdng hgp, phtrong Yen The 1 trudng hgp, phudng Chi Lang 1 trudng hgp). Nguyen
nhan la do viec cho thue lai gap kho khan vd thii tuc phap ly, tam }y chung ciia nguoi dan la ngai pbai den g£^ Cff quan nha nuoc. Mat khac, nhu cdu eho thue lai tren dia ban thanh phd cung khong co nhieu do dac diem phong tuc, t ^ quan ciia ngudi dan tgc thieu sd.
3.1.7. Tinh hinh thuc bien quyen gop vdn bing gii tri quyen su dung dat
Ket qua tdng hgp cho thay tren dia ban thanh phd Pleiku, giai doan 2010 - 2017 chi cd 3 tnidng hop gdp vdn bdng gia tri QSDD, didn ra a phudng Hdi Thuong va phudng Fhii Dong. Didu dd dio thay viec su dung quydn sir dung dat vao gdp vdn gdn nhu khdng dugc thuc hien tren dia hda dianh i^o Pieiku.
3.1.8. Tinh binh thuc hien quyen chuyen doi quyen su dung dat
Trong giai doan 2010 - 2017, tren dia ban thanh phd Heiku chi cd 6 trucmg hgp chuyen ddi QSDD (trong do phuong Hoa Lu 2 trirtmg hgp, phudng Trd Bd 1 trudng hgp, phudng Yen The 1 fnidng hop, phudng Chi Lang 1 tnrimg hgp, phudng Dien Hdng 1 tniong hgp). Vdi dac diem la thanh phd mien niii, viec thuc hien quyen chuyen ddi QSDD con didn ra han che. Chu yen nguoi dan chuyen doi q u y ^ su dung dat vuon xen ket, hen ke de d ^ ling nhu cau ma rdng sdn xudt, trdng cay lau nam (ca phe, ho tieu) voi quy md Idn nhdm gia tang sdn xuaL
Z2. Ddnh gid tinh hmh tfauc hi$n ck: qi7<^ sd dung dat t ^ 3 phu6ng, xa nghidn cuu ^isa (Urn D6ng, Hoa Lu va xa Gao) thuOc thdnh i * 6 Plaku giai doan 20102017
3.2.1. Tinh hinh thuc hidn quyen chuyen nhuong QSDD d 3 phudng, xagiai doan 2010 • 2017
Theo ket qua didu tra 90 hg gia dinh cua 3 phudng, xa nghien ciiu trong giai doan 2010 - 2017 cho thay, cd 66 hd tham gia chuyen nhugng QSDD, chidm 63,396 so hd didu tra. Cd the ndi, tinh hinh chuyen nhugng QSDD a tai 3 phudng, xa cd didu kien phdt trien khac nhau thi cd su khac biet Ta phudng Phil Ddng la trung tam thanh phd va phuong Hoa Lu la noi cd nhieu khu dd thi mdi, thirong mai dich vu phat trien viec mua ban dat di§n ra sdi dgng ban tai xa thudn ndng lam nghiep, xa tnmg tam hanh chinh. Tuy nhien, d mdi phudng, xa khac nhau ciing cd suhien ddi khac biet
140 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - ICY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CONG N G H £
BSng 5. Tinh hinh th^c hi^n quy^n chuydn nhuong QSDD tren dia b ^ 3 phuang, xa nghifen ciiu giai doan 2010-2017
STT Chi tieu danh gia Donvi
hnh Tong sd ho dieu tra
1,
2.
2.1 2.2.
2.3.
3.
3.1 3.2
Tdng sd trudng hop chuydn nhuong Trong do:-Dat &+dat trdng
cdyJaun^m -Batd
- Ddt trdng cay Mu nam (ca phS, ho tieu)
Dien tich
Tinh hinh thtrc hidn thti tuc dang ky bidn dong
Hoan tat tat ca cac thu tuc Co khai bao tai UBND xa, phuang Giay ta viSt tay co nguoi lam chung Thuc trang giay td tai thdi diem chuyen nhuong
GCNQSDB; QB giao, cap dat tam thai Bidn ban thoa thuan cua nguoi SDD
Trudng hop
m' Trudng
hop
Trudng hop
Phudng Phil Dong
30 27 8 10 9 7.929,0 27 22 2 3 27 22 5
Phudng HoaLu 30 26 15 4 7 7.119,9 26 20 4 2 26 20 6
XaGao 30 13 4 1 8 17.936,8 13 4 3 6 13 11 2
Tong 90 66 27 15 24 32.985,7 66 46 9 11 55 53 13 (Nguon: Tdng hop tu phieu didu tra) 3.2.2. Tmh hmh thuc hien quyen thua ke QSDD
a 3 phudng, xa0ai doan 2010 - 2017
B ^ 6. Tinh hinh thuc hi$n quyin thira ki QSDD trdn dia ban 3 phudng, xa ng
STT Chi tieu danh gia Don vi tinh
Tdng sd hd didu tra 1.
2.
2.1 2.2 2.3.
3.
31 3.2 3.3
Tdng sd trudng hop thua lid Trong do: -Dat a-f-dat trong cay lau
-Data
- Dat trong cay lau nam (ca phe, ho tieu)
Dien tich
Tinh hinh thuc hidn thu tuc dang ky bidn ddng
Hoan tat tat ca cac thu tuc Chua thuc hien diy du thu tuc Khong khai bao
Thuc trang giay td tai thdi diem thira ke nCNOSDB
Bien ban thoa thuan ciia nguai SDD Khong CO giar ta
Trudng hop
m' Trudng hop
Trudng hop Phudng Phil Ddng
30 9 7 2 0 2.381,6 9 5 3 1 9 8 0 1
hien ciiu giai doan 2010 - 2017 Phudng
HoaLu 30 12 8 2 2 3.861,1 12 8 3 1 12 10 1 1
Xa Gao 30 10 5 2 3 19.982,7
10 7 2 1 10 7 2 1
Tdng 90 31 20 6 5 26.225,4
31 20 8 3 31 25 3 3 (Ngudn: Tdnghpp tir phieu dieu tra)
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019 141
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Ket qua dieu tra 90 hg gia dinh tai 3 phudng, xa
eho thay cd 31 hd gia dinh thue hien thira ke QSDD chiem 34,44% sd hd dugc hdi (trong dd cd 9 trudng hgp thuc hien thira ke ddi vdi cd ddt b vd dat trdng cay lau nam). Ket qud cung cho thay tinh hinh thuc
hien quyen thira ke QSDD tai 3 phuang. xa didn ra khd ddng deu.
32.3. Tmh binh thuc hien quydn tang, cho QSDD a3phudng, xagiai doan 2010-2017
STT Chi tieu danh gia Donvi
tinh Tdng sd hd dieu tra
1.
2 2.1 2.2 2.4 3 3.1 3.2 3.3
Tdng sd trudng hop tang cho Trong do:- Dat a+dat trong
cay lau nam -Data
- Dat trong cay lau nam (ca phe, ho tieu)
Dien tich
Tinh hinh thuc hien thu tuc dang ky bien ddng
Hoan tat tat ca cac thu tuc Chi khai bao tai UBND cap xa Khong CO giay ta
Thuc trang giay td tai thdi diem tang, cho CTnrdng hop)
GCNQSDD
Bien ban thoa thuan cua nguai SDD Khong CO giay to
Trudng hop
m^
Trudng hop
Trudng hop
Phudng Phil Ddng
30 12 10 1 1 4.571,0 12 7 2 3 12 9 1 2
Phudng HoaLu 30 15 7 1 7 4.839,7 15 8 0 6 15 8 4 3
XaGao 30 14 6 1 7 15.771,8 14 8 2 4 14 9 0 5
Tdng 90 41 23 3 15 25.182,5 41 23 4 13 41 26 5! 10 1 Qua bang sd lieu bang 7 cho thay, giai doan
2010-2017 sd trudng hgp tang cho d cac phudng, xa didn ra nhu sau: phudng Phu Dong vdi 12 trudng hgp, ciuem 29,27%; phudng Hoa Lu cd 15 trudng hgp, chiem 36,59%; xa Gao cd 14 trudng hgp, chiem
(Ngudn: Tdng hop tu phieu didu tra^
34,14% sd trudng hgp tham gia tang, cho.
3.2.4. Danh gia y kien aia cac hd 0a dinh, ca nhan d 3 phudng, xa nghien aiu diem vd vide thuc hidn cic quydn su dimg dat
STT 1 2 3 4
BangS.YkifociiahO Chi tidu danh gia Thu tuc thuc hien cac QSDD Thdi gian de hoan thanh cac thu tuc Cac van ban hudng dan
Kha nang thuc hien cac quy dinh
gia dinh cd nhSn a 3 Danh gia Don gian Nhanh chdng D§ hieu D i t h u c hien
Tyle
(%)
18,89 17,78 7,78 23,33
phudng, xa v6 vide thi Danh gia
Binh thudng
Binh thudng Hieu duoc Thuc hien duoc
Tyle
(%)
50 37,78 56,67 48,89
ic hidn cac quy^n su dung dh.
Danh gia Phiic
tap Dai Khd hieu Khd
Tyle
(«)
22,22 41,11 31,11 20
Danh gia Rat phiic
tap Ritdai Rat khd Rat khd
Tyle 09
8,89 333 4,44 7.78
142 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC C O N G NGHE
5 6 7
8 9 10
Phi, le phi, thue chuyen QSDD Thai do can bd thuc hien, tidp nhan Thu tuc vay vdn tir ngiin hang Kha nang tim kiem thdng tin, giao dich Riii ro khi giao dich Lo ngai ve chinh sach thay ddi
Cao Nhiet tinh
Dd dang Dd dang
Rat so Rat ngai
33,33 13,33 52,22 22,22 25,56 43,33
Vira phai Dung muc
Vay duoc
Tim duoc So Ngai
40 75,56
40
56,67 18,89 38,89
Thap it nhiet
tinh Khd khan Khd tim it so it ngai
24,44 7,78 5,56
18,89 28,89 14,44
Qua thap Gay phidn ha
Rat khd
Rat khd Khdng
so Khdng
ngai 2,22 3,33 2,22 2,22 26,67 3,33 So heu d bang 8 eho thay y kidn ddnh gid eua hd
gia dinh cd nhan: (i) Vd thu tuc thuc hien eac QSDD d edn 22,22% eho la phue tap; (ii) Vd tiidi gian: 41,11% tia loi la mat thdi gian ddi; 3,33% tra Idi la rat dai; (iii) Ve cdc van ban hudng ddn ed 31,11% tra Idi Id khd hieu;
(iv) Ve khd nang thuc hien cdc quy dinh eua Luat Ddt dai vd QSDD: cdn 27,78% tia loi la khd tiiue hidn;
33,33% tid Idi le phi cao; ed hon 10% ddnh gid tiiai do cdn bd It nhidt tinh hoac cdn gay phien hd; thu tuc vay vdn khd va rdt khd cd tien 7% cau trd loi; khoang 20%
tia Idi kha nang tim kidm thdng tin khd khan; tien 33%
danh gid rat so rui ro khi giao dich vd 43% lo ngai thay ddi ehinh sdch.
3.3. Ddnh gid chung v^ tinh hinh thuc hidn cdc quy^n su dung dat trdn dia bdn thanh phd Beiku, tinh Gia Lai
3.3.1. Uudidm
- Quyen su dung ddt dugc coi la mdt hdng boa dac biet, cd gia tn va trd thdnh mgt ngudn luc tdi chinh quan trgng dd ddu tu phat tiien san xuat, kinh doanh.
- Dat dai dugc chuyen dieh hgp ly, tao didu kien eho viec tich tu dat dai de phdt tiien sdn xudt hdng hod, tao dieu kien dd nhung ngudi san xuat phat tnen kinh te trang trai vdi quy md va dien tich Idn hon.
- Ty le thue hien eac QSDD cua ngudi su dung dat, dae biet la chuyen nhuong QSDD ldm day du eac thu tiic vdi CO quan Nhd nude cd tham quydn da cd su bien chuyfo theo ehieu hudng tich cue tao didu kien eho viec thue hien dam bao Luat Dat dai dugc ehat ehe hon.
- Viee tiiuc hien cdc quydn su dung dat eua ngudi su dung dat didn ra ti-en dia bdn thdnh phd Pleiku cd
su khdc bi&t. Cd phudng nhu Pbii Ddng, Hoa Lu, Thdng Nhat... didn ra soi dgng, nhung cung cd phudng, xa didn ra tidm Idng nhu xa Gao, la Kenh, Chu A... Nhung nai didn ra soi ddng la nhirng phudng cd tdc do phat trien kinh te tiiong ddi manh, CO cdu kmh te chuydn dich nhanh sang dd thi, cong nghiep, thuong mai, dich vu.
3.3.2. Han che
- Tam ly chung tiong nhan dan, nhat la ddng bao dan tgc thieu sd la ngai phdi den gap co quan nha nude, ngudi dan lay su tin tudng nhau la ehinh, hg dieu ehinh eae quan hd dat dai vdi nhau tiong mdi quan he hdng xdm, ban be, quen biet truyen thdng.
- Su am hieu vd phap luat ciia ngudi dan (nhat la ddng bao dan tdc thieu sd) cdn han ehe nhat dinh, khdng duoc ddng ddu giua eac xa, phudng, dac biet ed su chenh lech Idn giua 3 dia ban nghien cuu, do dae diem eua thanh phd Pleiku tap tiling da sd la ngudi ddng bdo dan toe tiiieu sd nhu Jrai, Bahnar,...
ddn den viec thue hien eae quyen cua ngudi su dung dat cbua duoc dam bdo.
- Vdi dae diem ddt dai tien dia ban tiianh phd Pleiku dat rgng, dien tich su dung dat thudng duoc tinh theo "met dai", dien tich ddt vudn lidn ke va dat d ehua duge xac dinh ro rang, dieu ndy khien ngudi dan gap nhieu tid ngai kbi thuc bien cdc quydn chuyen nhugng, tang cho QSDD tai cae eo quan cd tham quyen.
3.4. D^ xudt cdc giai phap tiiiic day vide thuc hidn cdc quydn su dung ddt tiieo quy dinh cua phdp luat ti-dn dia bdn thdnh phd Pleiku
3.4.1. Giai phap ve ca chd, chinh sach
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019 143
KHOA HOC CdNG N G H £
- Can cu vao khung gia dat Nha nude, tien hanh cap nhat thudng xuyen gia dat thue te tai dia phuang nhdm xay dung ca che dmh gia dat phii hgp vdi thuc te lam co sd tinh thue ehuyen quyen khi cac chu su dung dat thuc hien viec ehuyen quydn su dung ddt giup ban chd vide ke khai khong dung thuc te.
- Ve quy hoaeb, kd hoach su dung dat, can xac dinh ro dia chi, vi tri, ranh gidi thiia dat thude du an dau tu mdt cdch ddy du ban nua de ngudi str dung dat khdng dugc su dung vao muc dich khdc {trdn cdng thdng tin ciia dia phmmg; liet kd cic cong trinh quy hoach vi thdng bao tai tru sa, nha van hoa ciia dia phuong).
3.4.2. Giai phap vd cdng tic tuyen truyen, phd bidn phdp luat vd dat dai
Can tang eudng cdng tac tuyen truyen phd bien phap luat vd ddt dai tdi ngudi dan (nhdt la ddng bdo dan tgc thieu sd) de viec thuc hien eae quy dinb eua ngudi dan dugc ddy du, dung phap luat hien banh trong Ilnb vuc dat dai ndi ehung va tiong viec thuc bidn cdc quyen cua ngudi sir dung dat ndi neng.
3.4.3. Giaiphip ve khoa hoc cdng nghe Trong thdl gian tdi, thanh phd Pleiku can tap trung ngudn luc dau tu kinh phi do dae ban do, xay dung ddng bo be tbdng co sd du lieu ddt dai tien dja ban thdnh phd de vira dap ung duge ydu cau thong tin dat dai, ddng thdi tao dieu kien de thuc hien quan ly ddt dai cdng khai, minh bach va thuan Igi.
4 . KET LUAN
Thanh phd Pleiku la do tbi quan tiong, giir vi tii eua ngo di vao khu vue Tay Nguyen eiia ea nude.
Thdnh phd Pleiku cd didn tieb tu nhien la 20.076,86 ha bao gdm 23 don vi banh ehinh vdi 14 phudng, 9 xa cd dieu kien phat trien theo budng dd thi, cong nghiep dieh vu gdn vdi du lich.
Ket qua viec thuc hien ede QSDD tien toan thanh phd Pleiku giai doan 2010-2017 eho tiiay: cd 7074 tnidng hgp chuyen nhugng QSDD; cd 1540 trudng hgp thira ke QSDD; cd 2790 trudng hgp tang cho QSDD; cd 2771 trudng hgp the chap bdng QSDD; ed 95 trudng hop cho thue QSDD; cd 7 tnidng hgp cho thue lai QSDD; cd 3 trudng hgp gdp vdn bang gid tri QSDD; ed 6 trudng hgp chuyen ddi QSDD. Ket qua danh gia d 3 xa, phudng nghien cuu diem (Phil Ddng, Hoa Lu va xa Gao) vd viec thuc
hien 3 quyen su dung dat cua cdc hg dan giai doan 2010 - 2017 la: ed 66 trudng hop thuc hien quydn ehuyen nhugng QSDD. Cd 31 trudng bop thuc hi6n quydn thua kd QSDD. Cd 41 trudng hgp thuc hidn quydn tang, cho QSDD.
Ket qua tong hgp y kien cua cac hd gia dinh, ea nhan vd thuc hien cac quyen su dung dat tai diem dieu tia ddnh gid: (i) Vd thii tuc thue hien eac QSDD d: da sd cho rdng vdi thu tuc nhu vay la binh thudng hay phii hgp vdi 50%; 22,22% eho la phiie tap; (ii) Ve thdi gian de hoan thanh cac thii tuc: 41,11% trd loi la mat thdi gian dai; 37,78% tra loi la binh thudng va 17,78% sd hd duge hdi tia Idi la nhanh chdng va 3,33%
tra Idi la thdi gian rat dai; (iii) Vd cdc van bdn hudng dan thuc hien cac QSDD: 56,67% ti-a Idi Id cd tiid hieu duoc; 31,11% tia Idi la khd bieu va 7,78% sd hd tid loi la d^ hieu; (iv) Ve kha nang thuc hien cae quy dinb cua phdp Luat Dat dai vd QSDD: 72,22% sd ho ti-d Idi Id dd thue hien hoac cd thd thuc hien dugc; 27,78%
trd Idi la khd thue hien va ed eae cau tia Idi khac.
Thanh phd Pleiku cdn tiep tuc cai each thu tuc hanh chinh de ngirdi sii dung dat thue hien eac QSDD dugc thuan tidn, nhanh chdng. Thue hien ddng bd cae nhdm gidi phap do la: giai phdp ve ca che, cbinb sach; gidi phap ve edng tac tuyen truyen, phd bien phap luat; giai phdp vd khoa hgc cdng nghe.
TAI LEU THAM KHAO
1. Chi nhanh Van phdng Dang ky dat dai thanh phd Pleiku (2017). Tdng hgp sd heu bien ddng dat dai, cdng tac dang ky dat dai va cap giay CNQSDD ti-en dia ban thanh phd Pieiku giai doan 2010 - 2017.
2. Phdng Tai nguydn vd Moi tnidng thanh phd Pleiku (2017). Bao cao ket qua nhiem vu nam 2017, phuong hudng nhidm vu nam 2018.
3. Phdng Tdi nguyen va Mdi trudng thdnh pho Pleiku (2017). Bao eao sd heu thdng ke dat dai cdc nam 2010-2017.
4. Qudc hgi nude CHXHCNVN (2013). Ludt Dat dai nam 2013. NXB Chinh tii Qudc gia. Ha Ngi.
5. UBND thanh phd Pleiku (2012). Bdo cdo quy hoach sii dung dat dai thanh phd Pleiku, tinh Gia Lai ddn nam 2020 va ke hoach sii dung dat 5 nam ky dau (201L2015)
6. UBND thdnh phd Pleiku (2018). Bdo cao tdng ket tinh hinh kinh te xa hgi nam 2017 va phuong hudng nhidm vu nam 2018.
144 N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGH|
ASSESSMENT OFTHE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAND USER'S RIGHTS IN PLEIKU CHY, GIA LAI PROVINCE
Tran Van KhaiS Tran Trong Phuong^, Do Van Nha^, Nguyen Due Loc^, Nguyen Thu Huong^
^Vietnam General Confederation of Labour,
^Faculty of Land Managemnet, Vietnam National University ofAgricluture,
^Hanoi Cadastral Survey JSC Summary
The aim of study is to assess tbe implementation of land users' rights in Pleiku city, Gia Lai province.
Results on the implementation of land use rights in Pleiku city in die period of 20102017 showed that diere were 7074 transfer transactions, 1540 inheritance tiansactions, 2790 donation transactions, 2771 mortgage transactions, 95 lease transactions 7 tiansactions of sublease land use rights, 3 cases of capital contribution with land use right, and 6 converted tiansactions to otber purposes. In 3 research communes m period of 2010-2017: there were 66 cases of tiansfer transactions, 31 cases of mheritance transaction; 41 cases of donation transactions. Assessment opinions of individual households: (i) Regarding tbe procedures for implementing LURs: 22.22% considered it wascomplicated; (ii) About time: 41.11% answered that it took a long time; 3.33% answered that it was very long; (iii) Regarding guiding documents, there are 31.11% of answers that they are difficult to understand; (iv) Regarding the ability to implement the provisions of the Land Law on Land Use right: 27.78% answered that it is difficult to implement. In order to improve the effectiveness of implementation and ensure the nghts of land users m accordance with the law, when exercising tbe rights, it is compulsory to register viltb state agencies and synchronously implement following solutions: Mechanism and policy solutions; solutions to the propagation and dissemination of law;
solutions for science and technology.
Keywords: Land use rights, land use eBciency, Pleiku city.
Ngudi p h ^ bi^n: TS. Nguyen Van Tri Ngdy nhan bdi: 28/01/2019 Ngdy Ihdng qua phan bi^n: 28/02/2019 Ngdy duyet dang: 7/3/2019
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2019
