• Kinh nghiem - Thuc tien
TAC DONG CUA QUA TRINH CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA DEN MOI TRU^OfNG TU^ NHIEN -
NGHIEN ClTu TRUTdNG HQfP TINH DONG NAI
ThS. LE N G O C D U N G ' '
Tom tat: Hien nay, trong qud trinh cdng nghiip hda, hiin dgi hda, vdn de mdi trudng ludn Id mdi quan tdm hdng ddu cua ddt nudc, cua timg dia phuang. Ddng Nai thupc vung Ddng Nam bp, la mpt trong nhirng trung tdm kinh te ldn cua phia Nam, ndi Nam Trung bd. Nam Tdy Nguyin vdi todn bd vung Ddng Nam bd. Trong qud trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda, bin cgnh nhirng ket qud dgt dirge Pin ITnh v\rc kinh te - xd hpi, thi mdi trudng d tinh Ddng Nai dang dgt ra nhieu vdn de cdp bdch, dgc biet la vdn de d nhiem mdi trudng tu nhiin ngdy cdng nghiem trgng, dnh hudng ldn den chien luge phdt triin ben vimg cua tinh. Thuc trgng ndy ddi hdi phdi ed su gidi quyet mpt cdch triet de tie cdc chu the lien quan nhdm dam bdo qud trinh tdng trudng vd phdt trien kinh te - xd hdi cua tinh Ddng Nai dgt kit qud tdt nhdt
Tix kh6a: cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda; mdi trudng tu nhiin; tinh Ddng Nai
I
Khai quat qua trinh cong nghiep hda, hi|n dai hda cua tinh Dong• Nai
Vdi quan didm coi khoa hpe va cdng nghe la qude sach hang dau, la ndn tang va ddng lyc cua cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda, Hdi nghi lan thii bay Ban Chdp hanh Trung uong Dang khda VII (thang 7/1994) da xem xet edng nghiep hda frong mdi quan he vdi hien dai hda: "Cdng ngMep hoa, hien dai hda la qua trmh chuyen ddi
''^Trudng Dai hpc Tai chinh - Marketing
can ban toan dien cac boat ddng san xuat, kinh doanh, dich vy va quan Iy kinh te - xa hdi tii su dyng lao ddng thu cdng la chinh, sang sir dung mdt each phd bidn siic lao ddng cting vdi cdng nghe, phucmg tien va phuang phap tien tidn, hien dai, dya frgn su phat trien cua cdng nghiep va tien bd khoa hpc - cdng nghe, tao ra nang suat lao ddng xa hgi cao"'". Ttiy thudc vao dac diem, hoan canh cu thg raa mdi dia phuang ttong ea nudc thyc hien dudng Idi cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda cua Dang theo nhiing each khac nhau va ed nhirng ddng gdp nhat dinh vao edng cudc ddi mdi, phat tridn kinh tg - xa hgi cua dat nude.
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La dia phuong thugc khu vuc Ddng Nam bp va nam ttong vimg Kinh tg frgng digm phia Nam, Ddng Nai la tinh cd qua tiinh hdi nhap, phat trien cdng nghiep manh tien dia ban. Qud tiinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dgi hda cua tinh Ddng Nai the hien qua cdc giai dogn chu yiu sau:
Giai dogn d-udc ndm 1985: Dang bd tinh Ddng Nai tap tmng lanh dao khac phyc hau qua chien tianh, khdi phuc kinh tg. Trong cdng nghiep, cac ca sd san xuat cdng ngMep dugc phyc hdi. Tuy nhign, do chii quan, ndng vdi ttong cai tao xay dung chu nghia xa hdi cimg vdl CO chg quan ly kinh tg tap trung quan lieu bao cap, ngn kinh te ngay cang ttd ngn tri tie, kem nang ddng, khdng khuygn khich ngudi lao ddng trong san xuat - kinh doanh Kdt qua la tang trudng kinh te tren dia ban tinh cham Iai va cd xu hudng giam. Ca cau kinh tg tten dia ban tinh chuygn dich cham,
Giai dogn 1986 - 2000: Day la tbdi ky khdi dau ciia cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ttong qua trinh ddi mdi d tinh Ddng Nai. Dai hdi Dang bd tinh Ddng Nai lan thii IV dg ra phucmg hudng nhiera ky 1986 - 1990 la: phat tridn raanh nen kinh tg Ddng Nai theo co cau cdng - ndng ngMep hgp ly; phat ttien ndng nghiep mdt each toan dien, lay ndng nghiep Iam mat ttan hang dau, luong thyc la ttpng tam theo hudng di Ien san xuat ldn xa hdi chii nghia. Phat huy raanh cac miii nhpn: cdng nghiep chg bien ndng san xuat khau va cdng nghiep san xuat vat lieu xay dyng, giai quyet tieh cyc va cd hieu qua tMet thyc ba chuong trinh ldn: ve luong thyc thuc pham, hang tigu dung thiet yeu va hang xuat khau. Giai doan nay da danh dau budc chuyen bien mdi ve nhan thiic va quan diem phat tnen kinh tg ciia tinh bang vipc dua cdng nghiep ttd lai vi tri sd rapt ttong CO cau kinh te, raac dii van coi ndng nghiep la mat ttan hang dau, Tuy nhien, do co chg eii cdn tae ddng raanh, co che radi dang ttong qua trinh xac lap, khung hoang kinh tg tiong ca nudc chua dupe khac phuc, cac thanh phan kinh tg, dac biet la ngoai qude doanh chua phat huy dugc tigm nang, the manh nen qua trinh cdng ngMep hda, hien dai hda dien ra cham.
•Kinhtighiir>lJ]!^^l!f!L Dai hdi Dang bd tinh Ddng Nai lln thii V, VI tigp mc d^ m phuang hudng, muc rieu, nhiem vy cua tiing gia. doan, ttong dd ddu tap ttung ^ a n manh viec: giir virng va tang cudng on dinh chinh tti; ndm bdt thdi co, vugt qua kho^khan, tiiu tiiach; kbai tiiac va tan dung mpi nguon lyc eho yeu clu ddu frr phat tiign kinh te - xa hgi theo hudng cdng nghiep hda. Men dai hda. Phau ddu xay dung Ddng Nai thanh tinh cong nghiep phat ttign, timg budc edng nghiep hda. Men d^i hda ndng nghiep va kinh te nong thdn, day manh phat ttidn thuong mai, dich vu, du lich.
Trgn CO sd nhiing djnh hudng quan ttgng do, nhieu nghi quydt dugc ban hanh, nhieu bi$n phap dugc thyc hien da tac ddng maiib tdi tidri trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ndn kinh te ciia tinh Ddng Nai. Ddn nam 2000, ve ea ban, Ddng Nai da ket thue giai doan khdi ddu cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda, tao tien de, dieu kien can tiiiet, nhu tang tich liiy vdn, phat trien ha tdng... cho giai doan tidp theo.
Giai dogn tiendm 2001 din nay: Dai hdi Dang bd tinh Ddng Nai ldn thir VII tidp tiic khang dinh phuang hudng, rauc tieu, nhiera vu cua iihi?m ky 2001 - 2005 la: tigp tuc ddy manh cdng cupe ddi mdi ciia Dang, phat huy raanh me eac thanh phan kinh tg, khoi day va phat huy tdi da ndi luc, md rdng quan he hgp tac kinh te vimg va khu vyc, ra siic can, kiem, phat trien dau tu, tao budc chuygn bien manh me ve siic canh ttanh va hieu qua nen kinh te de day manh tign trinh cdng nghiep hda, bien dai hda theo dinh hudng xa hdi chil ngbia, nhat la cdng nghiep hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn nham tigp tuc thyc hien ca cau kinh tg cdng nghiep - dich vu - ndng nghiep vdi mire tang trudng cao lien tuc va bdn viing.
Trong giai doan nay, su nghiep cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda ciia tinh da chii tigng gdn vdi chidn lupc phat tnen ben viing, ehien luge tang trudng xanh cua Dang va Nha nudc, chuyen nen kinh td phat trign theo chigu sau.
Nhu vay, qua trinh cong nghiep hda, hien dai bda ctia tinh Ddng Nai da cd sy van dung sang tao, phii hgp vdi bdi canh tinh hinh chung cua dat nudc va cua dia phuang. Thyc tien cho thdy
k ' h n n h o n n h i ' n h t r i
' 5/2020
• Kinh nghiem - Thifc tien 83 nhung chii tiircmg, chmh sach va sy cM dao diing
ddn cua Dang bd tuih Ddng Nai da giiip tinh ttd thanh didm sang ttong qua trinh thyc Men cdng ngMep hoa, hipn dai hda dat nudc, gdp phan tich cyc vao cdng eugc ddi mdi, phat trien dat nudc.
2. Tac ddng cua qua trinh cong nghifp hoa, hi^n dai hoa d^n mdi trudng t u nhien d tinh Dong Nai
- Nhung tdc dpng tich cifc den moi trudng t^r nhien tgi tinh Dong Nai do qud trinh eong nghifp hoa, hien dgi hoa
Vdi viec hinh thanh cac khu cdng nghiep, cum cdng nghiep, nganh cdng nghiep ciia Dong Nai da cd budc phat trien dot pha, thiic day CO eau kmh tg chuyen dich manh rae theo hudng edng nghiep hda, hign dai hda, tang nhanh ty tipng cdng nghiep va dich vu, giam ty frgng ndng nghiep frong khi vln giii nhip dp tang trudng kha cao ttong cac nganh kinh te. Khu vuc cdng nghiep va dich vu gia tang nhanh chdng da tac ddng Ian tda nhu mdt "cii Mch" den su phat trien cac ITnh vuc kinh te - xa hpi cua tinh. Viec tang trudng kinh te cao va lien tuc da tao dieu kien tich luy nguon lyc cho dau tu phat trien kgt cdu ha tang kinh td - xa hgi, nhu he thong giao thdng, dien, thdng tm lien lac, phat trign giao dye va dao tao... Day la dieu kien thuan Igi de thu hut dau tu.
Cac thanh phdn kinh te phat ttien manh me, phu hgp vdi viec phat frign cua ngn kinh tg thi trudng cd su quan Iy cua Nha nudc tbeo dinh hudng xa hgi chii nghTa. Kinh tg nha nudc dugc td chiic tai co cau lai boat ddng va tigp tuc giir vai ttd chu dao d nhiing ITnh vyc quan trgng (kdt can ha tdng, dich vu cdng ich...). Cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh phat trien da dang va kha hieu qua ttong nMeu nganh nghe, ITnh vyc.
Tu ehd cM ed hai thanh phdn kinh tg chii yeu la kinh td qude doanh va kinh tg tap thg, den nay da hinh thanh co cau kinh tg cd nhieu thanh phan. Trong dd, khu vuc kinh te nha nudc dugc day manh sdp xep Iai, ddi mdi chuc nang, nhi?m vu, co che boat ddng, tuy cd su suy giam ve ty frgng, song van ludn ndm giir nhiing vi tii then chdt, ttpng yeu cua nen kinh tg; kinh
te tap the dugc ddi mdi vg phuong thiic hoat ddng, chii ttpng hon vg thyc chdt; kinh td tii nhan phat trien rdt nhanh; khu vyc cd vdn ddu tu nudc ngoai da trd thanh bp phan quan frgng ciia tinh Ddng Nai ndi rigng, cua ca nudc ndi chung. Tinh rieng frong nam 2019, ca can kinh te chuygn dich theo hudng cdng nghiep hda:
dich vy va du Uch phat tridn; xudt khdu tang kha, dae biet la khu vue ngoai nha nudc; mdi trucmg kinh doanh tiep tuc dugc cai thien. Theo Bdo cdo cda Uy ban nhdn ddn tinh Ddng Nai ve tinh hinh kinh te - xd hpi, qude phong - an ninh ndm 2019 vd du kien cdc ehi tieu chu yeu ndm 2020, Ddng Nai vln giii muc tang trudng cao vg kinh te frong nara 2019. Gia tri tdng san phdm tren dia ban tinh (GRDP) tang 9,05%; chi sd san xuat cdng nghiep (IIP) tang 8,7%; gia tri san xuat ndng - Iam - thuy san tang 2,7%; thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi dat 112 trieu ddng;
nam trong nhdm din dau ca nudc vd xuat sieu, dat mirc xuat sigu 3,53 ty USD (chidm khoang 30% kim ngach xuat sieu ca nudc). Day la nam thti bay lien tiep, Ddng Nai xuat sidu.
Nhan thiic rd radi quan he bien chiing giira tang trudng kinh tg va bao ve mdi trudng ttong qua trinh cdng nghiep hda. Men dai hda, cung vdi chien luge phat trien kinh te, tinh Ddng Nai ludn quan tam sau sac ddn van dg mdi trudng va bao ve mdi trudng. Dau tu tir ngan sach cua tinh va cac ngudn khac cho bao ve mdi trudng gan lien vdi phat trign kinh te tang ddn qua cac nam. Day chinh la yeu td quan frgng de cai thien chat Iugng mdi trudng. Bdn canh dd, he thdng chinh sach, phap luat ve bao ve radi trucmg ngay eang hoan thien; co cau td chiic bd may, dgi ngii can bd lam cdng tac radi tiudng ngay eang dugc quan tara (tang ca ve sd lupng va chat lupng), tir cap xa den cap tinh. Cdng tac kigm soat d nhiein cae thanh phan ciia mdi trudng cd nhiing chuygn bign tich cyc; chat thai tir boat ddng san xuat, sinh boat tiing budc quan ly chat che hon; chat lugng mdi tiirdng ddn dugc phuc hdi, cai thien; da dang sinh hgc dugc quan tam bao tdn dudi nbieu hinh thirc phong phu...
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Nhung thanh qua ndi bat tir sy tang trudng kinh te frong thdi gian qua da tao nhiing tien de vat chat thuan Igi cho cdng tac bao ve radi trudng dat dugc nhiing kdt qua dang ghi nhan.
Tang trudng kinh te va bao ve mdi trudng dg dam bao cudc sdng ttong lanh cho ngucn dan ludn dugc giai quygt hai hda; dam bao nguygn tac "ngudi gay ra d nhiem phai chi tta cho viec Iam gay d nhigm" va "ngudi dugc hudng Igi tti mdi trudng phai cM tra cho sy budng Igi";
khuygn khich eac thanh phan kinh tg nang cao hieu qua boat dgng eua doanh nghiep, ddng thdi cd ttach nhiem tiong bao ve radi trudng; van de mdi trucmg ludn la mdt nguygn tdc ttgng ygu ddi vdl mgi kg hoach va du an. Dac biet, tiong bdi canh bien ddi khi hau, hoat ddng phat tridn ludn dua tren he sinh thai ttong nhan thuc cua nhiing nha quan ly, quy hoach phat trign kinh te - xa hdi ciia tinb Ddng Nai... Tuy nhidn, ben canh nhiing tac dgng tich cue, van de mdi trudng tu nhien ciia tinh Ddng Nai da va dang hoc Id nMeu ban chg dudi tac ddng ciia qua trinh cdng nghiep hda. Men dai hda.
- Nhirng hgn che cua moi trudng pr nhien dudi tdc dpng cua qud trinh cong nghidp hoa, hifn dgi hda tai tinh Bong Nai
Qua trinh edng nghiep hda, hien dai hda da xuat hien nhieu dau hieu tich cyc ttong van de bao ve mdi tnrdng, tuy nhien su cai thien frgn chua that sy du manh dg khac phuc hoan toan tinh trang d nhilm mdi trucmg d tinh Ddng Nai.
Tinh ttang d nhiera radi trudng tir qua trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda cdn nhidu diem rat dang lo ngai, thg hien d cac mat sau:
Thu nhdt, lugng chdt thdi phdt sinh trong hogt dpng sdn xudt vd sinh hogt ngdy cdng gia tdng, ty le thudn vdi viic di len cua ddi sdng vdt chdt vd tinh thdn cua nhdn ddn
Sd lieu giai doan tii nam 2011 - 2015 thg Men rd dieu nay. Lugng chat thai ran sinh boat nam 2011 la 1.389 tan/ngay, dgn nam 2015 tang Ien 1.552,2 tan/ngay, tang khoang 11%. Ciing vdi dd, khdi lugng chat thai ran cdng nghiep phat sinh ngay cang tang. Theo bao cao cdng tac bao ve mdi trudng hang nam ciia Sd Tai nguygn va
.Ki,ih„gluemJt!!f^I!!!L
\ sd lieu thu Mdi ttudng til nam 20II - 2014 va so ' tiiap tir cac Phdng Tai nguygn va Mo. ™ g thanh phd/huyen/tiii xa cua tinh ^ong ^ a i gM nhan sd lidu thdng ke: Trong nam 2014, tong kh6i lupng chdt thai rdn phat sinh tren dia ban toan tiMi khoang 464,499 tan, tiiong ung vdi tdc dd phat sinh 1.272,6 tan/ngay. Trong dd, chdt thai rdn cdng nghiep thdng thuang 378.249,5 tdn, tirong dng vdi tdc dg phat suih 1 036,3 tdn/ngay va chdt thai rdn cdng nghiep nguy hai la 86.249,51 tan, tuong ting vdi tdc dp phat sinh 236,3 tdn/ngay. Nam 2015, chat thai rdn cdng nghiep tiidng thudng la 1.851,9 tan/
ngay va chdt thai rdn cdng nghiep nguy hai la 304,2 tdn/ngay'^*.
Hien nay, cac bai rac tam da va dang ttd thanh vdn dg birc xiic frong quan chiing nhan dan, dac biet la nhiing bd dan sinh sdng xung quanh khu vyc nay. Hien tiigng dot rac gay miii khd chiu va khdi da anh hudng ddn cudc sdng ngucri dan.
Thye tg, cac bai rac tam dgu ed chung tuih frang ddt chay am i nhdm giam khdi Iugng rac (dot rac tai bai rac tam Dong Mu Rua, Nhon Trach, bai rac tara thi ttan VTnh An, huyen VTnh Ctiu...).
Ngoai ra, vao thdi diem miia mua, nudc ri rac chay tran Ian xung quanh khu vue bai chdn lap, lugng nudc ri rac nay se gay d nhiem ngudn nudc mat, nudc dudi ddt, mdi trudng dat tai khu vuc (nudc ri rac chay ra khu vuc xung quanh tai cac bai rac tam Tay Hda, Sdng Thao tten dia ban huyen Trang Bora).
Thu hai, lumig nudc thdi phdt sinh trong hogt dpng sdn xudt vd sink hogt ngdy cdng gia tdng, gdy dnh hudng khong nhd din mdi trudng Theo Sd Tai nguygn va Mdi trudng tinh Ddng Nai, toan tinh Men cd 32 khu cdng ngMep dugc cdp gidy chiing nhan dau tu, ttong do 29 khu edng nghiep da cd du an di vao boat ddng.
Cae khu vyc tap trung cdng nghiep, nhu Bien Hoa, Long Thanh, Nhon Trach, Trang Bora, ddu la cae khu vyc tap trung ddng dan cu va ndm frong luu vyc sdng Ddng Nai. Vdi toe do phat tiien nhanh vg edng nghiep, nguy co d nMdm mdi trudng tii ngudn nudc thai cdng ngMep chua dugc xir Iy thai ra mdi trudng cang nhigu
' Kinh nghiem - Thuc tiin 85
^ tao nen sue ep khdng nhd den vdi mdi tiudng va ciing la thach thiic ddi vdi qua trinh phat trien bdn vung ctia tinh. Tdng lugng nudc thai cdng ngMep ttgn dia ban tinh phat sinh khoang 129 nghin mVngay. Trong dd, tdng lugng nudc thai ctia 29 khu cdng ngMep cd du an dau tii dang hoatddngkhoang 88.033 mVngayva tdng Iugng nudc thai cua 110 doanh ngMep ngoai khu cdng ngMep (thugc ddi tugng do Bd Tai nguygn va Mdi tiudng va Uy ban nhan dan tinh phe duyet bao cao danh gia tac ddng mdi trudng) cd Iugng nudc thai khoang 47.484 mVngay, tiong dd, 34 doanh nghipp da cd cdng tiinh xu Iy nudc thai vdi tdng cdng sudt khoang 27.200 mVngay, cdn lai khoang 20.284 mVngay la ciia eae doanh ngMep dang khac phuc tdn tai, cai tao he tbdng xir ly nudc thai dg xu ly dat quy ehuan moi tmdng. Ben canh do, nudc thai phuc vy cho nhu cdu xay dyng, phat trien cdng nghiep, khai thac khoang san (cat, da xay dyng, vat lieu san lap, vat lieu xay dung,..), khdng ngimg gia tang tao sire ep ngay cang Idn ddi vdi mdi trucmg. Day la mdt frong sd nhirng nguyen nhan gay d nhiem mdi tiudng khdng khi, dat, nudc, gay sat Id, de dpa he sinh thai va da dang sinh hgc tten luu vuc hoac khu vuc, iam xudng cap, hu hdng dudng giao thdng. Ngoai ra, luong nudc thai sinh boat phat sinh ttdn dia ban tinh, udc tinh khoang 190 ngMn mVngay, rieng thanh phd Bien Hda phat sinh khoang 80 nghin mVngay. Hien nay, cac do thi tten dia ban tmh chua cd be thdng xir ly nudc thai tap trung. Nudc thai sinh boat cua cac hp gia dinh chu yeu dugc xu ly so bd qua bg hr hoai va thoat ra he thdng thoat nudc chung.
Day la nguygn nhan chinh kMen cho cac sdng, sudi tten dia ban thanh phd Bidn Hda dang bi d nMem. Cimg vdi dd la luu lugng nudc thai cua cac CO sd y tg phat sinh ttgn dia ban tinb khoang 5.076 mVngay, frong do, 17 benh vien la 3.630 mVngay; cac Trung tam y te tuygn tinh va tuyen huyen la khoang 1.240 mVngay; 171 ti^m y te xa khoang 86 mVngay; cac ca sd y te tu nhan khoang 120 mVngay. Tdt ca dgu la nhimg tac nhan gay nguy hai cho mdi trudng.
Lugng nudc thai ngay cang Idn, frong khi
chua kiem soat dugc cac ngudn thai va chua cd sy quan tam thda dang cho he thdng thu gom va xii Iy cac chat thai Idng, thai ran, tir do gay d nhigm, Iam suy thoai nhanh cac ngudn nudc mat, nudc ngam, Iam gia tang tmh frang tMeu nudc, nhat la ve miia khd. Cd the thay, d nhidm mdi trudng dang thuc su la thach thiic ddi vdi qua trinb cdng nghiep hda. Men dai hda cua tinh Ddng Nai. Mdi trudng nudc bi d nhiem se la nguyen nhan true tidp Iam anh hudng den stic khde con ngudi, chu yeu thdng qua hai con dudng: an udng va tigp xiic. Viec sti dung cac loai rau qua, thuy hai san dugc nudi frdng va tiep xuc vdi mdi trudng nudc bi d nMdm ttong qua trinb sinh boat va lao ddng se gay ton bai ddn siic khde cua con ngudi. Tae hai cua d nhidm ngudn nudc mat ddi vdi sire khde con ngudi, chii yeu do mdi trudng nudc bi d nMgm bdi vi sinh vat gay benh, d nhiem cac hgp chat hiiu ca, eac hda chdt ddc hai va d nMem kim loai nang. Hau qua chung ciia tinh ttang d nMem nudc la gay ra mgt so benh cap va man tinh, nhu viem mang ket, tigu chay, benh dau raat do, benh ngoai da, benh phy khoa, ung thu.. .'^'.
Thu ba, lugng khi thdi tie hogt dpng edng nghiip vd tiiu thu cdng nghiip cdng ddng bdo dpng
Theo Bao cao hien ttangmdi trucmg tinh Ddng Nai giai doan 2011 - 2015 (ngay 18/6/2015) eua Sd Tai Nguygn va Mdi tiirdng, tten dja ban tinh Dong Nai, ttong cae khu cdng nghiep dang boat dpng ude tinh cd khoang 447 doanh nghiep cd phat sinh khi thai tai ngudn. Hau het eac ea sd dgu tiiuc bien ddu tu ldp dat va cai tao, nang cap he thdng xir Iy khi thai. Tuy nhien, qua thuc tg kigm tta, cdn kha nhidu co sd cd khi thai chua dat so vdi quy chudn ky thuat qude gia ve khi thai cdng nghiep khi thai ra radi trudng.
Thie tu. su gia tdng ddn sd, phuang tiin giao thdng van tdi, qud trinh dd thi hda, trin dja bdn tinh cung gdy ra tinh trgng d nhiim khdng khi do bui
Dang lo ngai nhdt la tai cac mit giao thdng vao raiia khd la thdi digm phat hien ndng do bui tang cao so vdi miia mua. Khi thai tir phuang
"56 5/2020
• Kinh „ghi(mj]::£]}^
tien giao tbdng van dang la mdt ttong nhirng tac nhan ldn gay d nhidm mdi trudng khdng khi. Cung vdi viee nang cap, cai tao va md rdng ha tang giao thdng (qude Id I A, quoc Id 20), xay dyng can vugt nga tu, cau vugt dudng sat... nham dap img nhu can di Iai cua ngudi dan, sy gia tang ve sd lupng cac phuong tien CO gidi va khdi lupng van tai bang bda, banh khach la ngudn phat sinh cac chat gay d nhidm mdi trudng khdng khi.
Thyc tiang nay ddi hdi tinh Ddng Nai can cd nhiing giai phap cu thd, ddng bg de duy tri da tang trudng va phat trien bdn viing. Thyc tiln cho thay, tinh Ddng Nai da va dang cd nhirng budc di tMch hgp dg cai thien mdi tiudng qua viec xac dmh muc tigu bao ve mdi tiudng tinh Ddng Nai giai doan 2016 - 2020: "Xay dyng Ddng Nai thanh tinh phat tiien kmh td - xa hdi bdn vung, xanh, sach, dep, van minh, ddy manh cdng nghiep hda, Men dai hda di ddi vdi bao ve mdi trudng, tap tnmg ngan chan mirc do gia tang d nMem, khac phuc suy thoai, phuc hdi va nang cao chat lugng mdi trudng. Den nam 2020, ve co ban, chu ddng thich img vdi bien ddi kM hau, phdng franh thign tai, giam phat thai khi nha kinh; cd budc chuyen bien co ban frong kbai thac, sir dung tai nguyen theo budng hgp ly, hieu qua va ben viing, kiem chg miic do gia tang d nMem radi trudng, suy giam da dang sinh hpc nham bao dam chat Iugng mdi tmdng sdng, duy tri can bang sinh thai, hudng tdi ndn kinb te xanh, than tMen vdi mdi ttudng"''*'. Ben eanh do, tinh Dong Nai da va dang de ra nhigu nhiem vu va thuc thi nMeu giai phap ddng bd, nhu; thuc hien du an tdng the ve Mygn tinyen nang cao nhan thtic vg bao ve radi trudng cho cdng ddng frgn dia ban tinh; tap trung thuc hien cac dy an nhara phdng ngira, ban chd va khac phuc d nhiera radi trudng; tang cudng dau tu, phat tnen ddng bd ha tang ky thuat ve mdi tmdng theo quy hoach; tap trung xay dimg he tiidng xu ly nudc thai tap tiung cac khu, cum edng nghiep, khu do thi va he thdng khu xir ly chat tiiai ran; uu tien thu htit ddu tu cac dy an cdng nghe cao, cdng nghe sach va than tMen mdi trudng, ting dung cdng nghe nang lupng mdi;
kien quydt khdng cho phep dua vao boat dpng, van hanh cae co sd khdng dap ung day du yeu cdu vl bao ve mdi ttudng; han chg dau tii vao cac nganh khai tiiac tai nguydn, su dung dien tich dat ldn, tidu hao nhigu nang lupng; tang cuong cong tac quan ly ddt dai tien dia ban tinh; tiep tuc tiien khai thuc hign tdt Quy hogch su dung dat den ndm 2020; tang cudng kilm soat viec tham dd ya cap phep khac tai nguyen nudc, tham dmh cap phep xa nudc thai vao ngudn nude cua cac dan vi, ca nhan fren dia ban tinh; cap nhat kich ban bien ddi khi hau va nude biin dang tidn dia ban tinh Dong Nai, danh gia tac dgng ciia bien ddi kM hau, xay dung ban do nguy co ngap lut dd cd cac bien phap tMch iing phti hgp; kiem ke Men tiang phat thai khi nha kinh eiia cac linh vyc san xuat cdng nghiep va cac ITnh vuc khac ttdn dia ban tinh Ddng Nai khi cd hudng dan tii tiimg uang, dl xudt bien phap giam thieu ttong dd uu tign cac nguon tai ttg cho du an tir nudc ngoai..,
Nhu vdy, cd the thay, qua trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda da tac dgng manh me ddn van de mdi trudng d tinh Ddng Nai. Bgn eanh nhiing ket qua tieh eye ciing bdc Id khdng it nhiing ban chg nhat djnh tir su tac ddng ciia qua trinb nay. Vi vay, viec nghien cuu tac ddng cua qua tiinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai boa den viee bao ve mdi trudng d tinh Ddng Nai se la ca sd khach quan de nha quan ly dinh hudng, dua ra nhiing giai phap hgp ly nham giai quyet van dd d nhiem mdi trudng vira cd tlub sach luge, vira mang tinh chien luge, dam bao muc tieu phat trien ben viingQ
("Nghi quyit so 07-NQ/HNTW, ngay 30/7/1994 cua Hoi nghi lan thii bay Ban Chap hanh Tmng uong Dang (khoa VU) \hphdt Irien cong nghidp. cdng nghe din ndm 2000 theo huang cdng nghidp hda, hien dai hda dat nudc vd xdy dung giai cdp cdng nhdn tmng giai doan mai i2)ii(3) g^Q cao hien trang moi tmong tinh Dong Nai giai doan 2011 - 2015 ciia So Tai nguyen va Moi tmdng, ngay 18/6/2015
'•"tJy ban nhan dan tinh Dong Nai, Thdng cdo Bdo chi ve tinh hinh kinh te - xa hdi, quoc phdng - an nmh ndm 2019 vd du kien cdc chi tieu chu yeu ndm 2020. naav
