Summary
SOME ANTIOXIDANTS IN THE DIETS OF VIETNAMESE ADULTS Objective: to evaluate the intake of antioxidants, namely vitamin E, beta-carotene and lycopene in the diets of Vietnamese aduhs in 4 geographic regions. The data will be used for hirther inves- tigation of the relationship between protective factors and lipid metabolism status. Method: 120 samples of one-day dietary portion, which are representative for adult diets in 8 provinces belong- ing to the 4 geographic regions, were randomly collected based on previous data of food consump- tion surveys. These samples were analyzed for vitamin E, beta-carotene and lycopene by HPLC method, using UV and fluorescent detectors. Results: The analytical data showed that the main an- tioxidants in the diet were highest in the metropolitan areas, Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City. The intake of vitamin E, lycopene, and beta-carotene in adult diets in this region were 6072.9 pg/day, 1785.0 pg/day va 896.6 pg/day, respectively. The levels of vitamin E and beta-carotene in the diet in metropolitan area were significantly higher than those in the moutaneous, sea-coast region, and plain region (non-parametric test, n=30, p<0.05). Meanwhile, the lycopene content in the diet in plain region was significantly lower than the city and moutaneous region (n=30, p<0.05). Conclu- sion: The content of protective factors, antioxidants including vitamin E, beta-carotene and ly- copene in the adult diet were lower than the recomended daily allowance, which revealed a possible risk of lipid metabolism status and non-communicable diseases.
Keyv/ords: antioxidant, vitamin E, beta-carotene, lycopene
THANH PHAN KHOANG CHAT^ TRQNG SlJA ME TAI H A N O I V A THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
Trwffng Tuyet Mai', Nguyen Thi Ldm^, Le Hdng DUng^, Masayashi Shinbo'', Hatsumi Hama'', Jinno Shinji'' 91 mau siia me tit 91 ba me nuoi con bii trong thdi gian tu 29 den 120 ngay da dugc thu thap tai ngi thanh Ha Ngi va thanh pho Ho Chi Minh. Cac mlu sira dugc phan tich 60 thanh phin dinh dudng, trong do c6 10 thanh phan muoi khoang. Ket qua cho thay, cd su dao dgng rat ldn giQa cac ca the ve ndng dp cua 10 thanh phan khoang chat nay. Ham lugng kem, magie trong siia me co sir thay doi theo xu hudng giam dan mgt each cd y nghia theo thdi gian nuoi con bii. C6 su khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke ve cac ham lugng thanh phan trong siia cua cac ba me d Ha Ngi va thanh pho Hd Chi Minh: ham lugng cac thanh phan phospho, natri trong siia me ciia cac ba me tp. Ho Chi Minh cao ban so vdi Ha Ngi; nguge lai kali, calci, dong, selen trong siia cua cac ba me Ha Ngi cao ban so vdi cac ba me tp. Hd Chi Minh. Ham lugng kem khau phan c6 mdi tuong quan duang tinh va thuan chieu doi vdi ham lugng kem trong siia me.
Tir khoa: Thdnh phdn sUa me, muoi khodng, bd me nuoi con bu •
' TS, BS - Vien Dinh duong 2 PGS, TS - Vien Dinh duong ' Ths - Vien Dinh duong
Tmng tam nghien ciiu. Tap doan Meiji, Nhat Ban
I. DAT VAN DE
Sii'a me 11 thiic In tdt nhat cho tre dudi mdt Uidi, nhit 11 tre trong 6 thing diu ddi. Siia me cung d p cho tie cic chit dinh dudng holn hlo de fieu hda, de hip thu v l cd tic dung khing khuin, giiip tre phit trien ve the chit, tinh thin va phdng chdng d c benh nhiem khuin, phdng chdng thira d n beo phi [1], [2]. Td chiic Y te The gidi v l Qui Nhi ddng Lien hiep qudc da dua ra khuyen clo ve nudi con blng siia me hoan toln trong 6 thing diu, khing dinh viec nudi con blng siia me 11 mgt khiu quan tigng trong cdng tic cham soc siic khde ban diu [3].
Sira me 11 mdt thiic In hdn hgp vdi hang trim d c thinh phan dinh dudng va d c thinh phin hoat finh sinh hgc khic nhau va d c thanh phan niy ciing cd su thay ddi ve ndng do ciing nhu su gin ket d c thinh phin theo timg giai doan bii tiet sira [5]. Thinh phin dinh dudng cua siia frudng thinh bao gdm d c protein, lipid, lactose, vitamin, mudi khoing, va cic thanh phan hoat tinh nhu cic men, khing the va hdcmon. Tren the gidi, de chiing minh fim quan tigng v l lgi ich ciia viec nudi con blng siia me, d c nha khoa hgc ciing da v l dang tiep tuc nghien ciiu cic thanh phan dinh dudng, cic thinh phan boat tinh sinh hgc trong siia me [4], [5].
Trong nhirng nim qua, nen kinh te ciia Viet Nam da din phlf trien v l miic sdng cua ngudi dan thinh thi ting len mdt cleh rd ret. Khau phin In ciia ngudi dan thanh thi da cli thien dang ke ve sd lugng ciing nhu ve chat lugng, din den ca clu khiu phin In cua phu nii mang thai va phu nir nudi con bii ciing thay ddi [6].
v i n d l dat ra 11 cung vdi su thay ddi v l dilu kien sdng, ve chit lugng biia In, thi
chit Iugng cua sira cua d c ba me nudi con nhd tai khu -vuc thinh phd cd su thay ddi nhu the nio. Ben canh do, d n cd nhiing sd lieu ca bin ve d c thinh phin dinh dudng v l fhlnb phan boat tinh sinh hgc trong sira me de giiip d c nhl khoa bgc cd dugc dii' lieu trong nghien ciin, ddng thdi giup d c chuyen gia y fe v l dinh dudng cd dinh hudng trong viec phdng chdng thieu hut thinh phan chit dinh dudng trong siia me
De tai dugc tien hinh vdi muc fieu: Ddnh gid 10 thdnh phdn muoi khodng trong siea me vd tim hieu mot so yeu to dnh hw&ng den thdnh phdn muoi khodng trong siea ciia bd me cho con bii tie 29 ngdy den 120 ngdy tai mgt so phw&ng ngi thdnh cua 2 thdnh pho Hd Ngi vd tp.
Ho Chi Minh.
II. DOI TUTgfNG VA PHLTONG PHAP NGHIEN C t r u
1. Do! tuong nghien cuu:
B l me cho con bii hi 1 thing den 4 thing;
tudi fir 22 den 35; sinh sdng tai mdt sd phudng ndi thinh ciia fhlnb phd HI Ndi v l fhlnh phd Hd Chi Minh.
Tieu chudn chon lira doi tuang: B l me cd du v l nhieu sua cho con bii; Ba me khde manh, khdng mac benh man tinh nhu benh tim mach, dii thio dudng, benh than, benh gan, hole khdng bi diec, d m , hole rdi loan tam thin; Sinh con vdi tudi thai tii 38-42 tuin tudi,- Tre cd d n nang so sinh fir 2.500 gram trd len; tre de thudng hole md de; tre khdng mac cac benh bam sinh; CIc ba me ddng y tham gia chuang trinh va ky cam ket.
2. Thoi gian va dia diem :
Dia diem lay mau: tai 6 phudng thugc
quan ndi fhlnh HI Ndi va 3 phudng thugc quan ngi thinh Thinh phd Hd Chi Minh.
Dia diem phin tich mau tai khoa Hda Ve sinh Thuc phim -Vien Dinh dudng Qudc gia v l Vien Kiem nghiem Thuc pham.
Thdi gian: tir thing 4 -12/2009
3. Phuo'ng phap va tien hanh nghien ciiii:
3.1. Thiet ke nghien cihi: Nghien ciin md tl, dieu fra clt ngang
3.2. Cff mdu:
Sir dung cdng thiic:
t ^ a 2 . N n =
elN+fla^
Trong do,
n: sd lugng mlu d n dieu fra; f: phin vi chuan hda (t=2 d xlc suit 0,954); a: do lech chuin, a=400 Kcal; e: sai sd cho phep, e= 100 Kcal; N: tdng sd b l me cho con bii tir 29 -120 ngly tai 6 quan cua Ha Ngi va 3 quan cua fhlnh phd Hd Chi Minh udc finh 11 1.200
Sd mlu tdi thieu la n= 60. De dam blo cd mlu tang them 50%, sd mlu cho dieu tra la 90 ddi fugng. Chia thinh 3 nhdm theo sd ngly sau khi sinh con, 29 ngly den 60 ngly (nhdm A); 61 ngly den 90 ngly (nhdm B) v l 91 ngly din 120 ngly (nhdm C), mdi nhdm 1130.
3.3. Phwffng phdp thu thdp
Bang 1. Dac diem chung
- Trien khai thu thap mlu: Sau khi lap danh sich, sing Igc ddi fugng du tieu chuin, dieu tra tai nhl ddi tugng: hdi ghi chung, hdi ghi khiu phin theo phuang pblp hdi ghi 24 gid, hudng dan cich vlf sii'a. Tdng sd Iugng sira 11300 mL, trung binh mdi ngly 11 100 mL, vat siia-theo diing phuong pblp vdi dung cu vd triing, blo quan lanh ngay sau kbi lay mlu trinh anh sing.
- Xu ly v l phin tich mlu: d c mlu sira dugc chia deu ra d c dng nghiem, ghi ma, lun mlu trong fu d l -20 °C tai Labo Hoa An toln ve sinh thuc pham v l Tmng tim kiem nghiem thuc phim Vien Dinh dudng. CIc fhlnb phin dugc phan tich theo cic phuong pblp chuin hda, gdm 10 thinh phan khoing: Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, Cl, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se.
4. Phan tich va xu ly so lieu
Sd lieu dugc nhap blng chuang trinh EPI DATA, phin tich sd lieu bang chuang trinh SPSS 15.0 vdi test Mann-Whitaey va test Kmskall-Wallis. Xlc dinh cic yeu td lien quan sii dung phuang phip hoi quy tuyen tinh (he sd tuong quan r). Su khic biet cd y nghia fhdng ke khi gil tii p<0.05.
m . KET QUA 1. Dac diem chung
ciia doi tu'ffng tham gia
Tuoi trung binh cua me (nam) Tuoi tmng binh cua con (ngay) Can nang so sinh cCia con khi sinh Co bo sung vien vi khoang trong thai eian mans thai Cba mei Hien nay co bo sung vien vi khoang (ba me)?
Nhom A (n=30) 28,6 ± 3 , 8 43,2 ± 9,5 3.216,6±340,4
24 5
N h o m B (n=30) 28,8 ± 3 , 9 73,7 ± 8,4 3.188,3±321,0
22 5
N h o m C (n=31) 28,6 ± 4 . 2 107,3 ± 9 , 6 3.270,3±328,8
24 4
Tong so (n=91) 28,7 ± 3,9 75,1 ±27,9 3.225,6±328,3
70 (76,9%) 14(15,4%)
2. Ham luong cac mudi khoang trong sua me
Blng 2 cho thiy him lugng chloride tmng binh II 35,57 mg/l00 g sii'a me vdi dao dgng fir 18 den 63 mg/l OOg; khdng cd su khic biet khi so sinb giira 3 nhdm b l me theo thdi gian nudi con. Him Iugng phospho trung binh ciia 3 nhdm II 19,51 mg/l00 g sira me, trong dd nhdm C- nhdm b l me nudi con bii tir 91-120 ngly cd him lugng thip hon mdt cleh cd y nghia thdng ke so vdi bl me nhdm A va B.
Him lugng natri v l kali dao ddng nim trong khoing 0,5 den 92,3 mg/100 g ddi vdi natri va tir 5,4 den 94,7 mg/lOOg ddi vdi kali. Khdng tim thiy su khic biet nio ve him lugng 2 thanh phan niy giii'a 3 nhom A, B v l C. Tuong fu ddi vdi him lugng calci, him lugng trung binh cua c l 3 nhdm dat 61,4 mg/l00 g siia me vdi khoing dao ddng fir 14,3 den 153 mg/lOO g. Him lugng calci trong siia ciia d c ba
Bang 2. Nong do trung binh ciia 10 thanh
me nhdm C thip ban so vdi nhdm A va B, nhung khdng tim thiy su khic biet cd y nghia fhdng ke giira 3 nhdm.
Him lugng magie trong sira me cua c l 3 nhdm dat trung binh II 6,44 mg/l OOg vdi pham vi dao dgng tir 0 den 27,3 mg/l OOg. Him lugng niy thip nhlt d nhdm A, den nhdm C (6,91) v l cao nhat d nhdm B, su khic biet cd y ngbia thdng ke khi so sinh giiia nhdm A vdi nhdm B v l nhdm C. Nguge lai, him lugng kem tnmg binh cua 3 nhdm dat 0,27 mg/l00 g siia me, trong khi dd ham lugng niy dat cao nhlt d nhdm A, cao ban mdt cleh dang ke khi so vdi nhdm B v l nhdm C, vdi p <0,05. Him Iugng slf trong siia me trung binh dat 0,45 mg/100 g sira me vdi khoang dao ddng tu 0,01 den 3,08 mg/l OOg, quan sit thiy cd sir thay ddi h i m lugng niy giiia 3 nhdm, nhdm C dat him lugng cao nhlt (0,57 mg/100 g), tuy nhien khdng khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke.
phan muoi khoang trong sira me theo nhom Thanh phan Nhom A N h o m B N h o m C Tong s6 (n=91)
( n = 3 0 ) T B ± S D ( n = 3 0 ) T B ± S D ( n = 3 1 ) T B ± S D T B ± S D ( p h a m v i dao dong) Chloride(mg/100g)
Phospho (mg/l OOg) Natri (mg/lOOg) Kali (mg/lOOg) Calci (mg/lOOg) Magie (mg/lOOg) S5t (mg/l OOg) Kem (mg/lOOg) D6ng(pg/100g) Selen (ng/lOOg)
36,00 ± 8,28^
20,94 ± 5,82=
21,81 ±14,93=
23,77 ± 13,88=
63,84 ±28,33=
4,78 ±4,10=
0,43 ± 0,38=
0,35 ±0,14=
45,70 ± 16,26=
0,98 ± 2,67=
33,73 ± 7,22=
19,11 ±6,15=
27,23 ± 19,58=
24,17 ±12,26=
64,61 ± 29,68=
7,55 ±6,12'' 0,35 ± 0,30=
0,23 ± 0,09"' 42,60 ± 19,55=
1,14±2,71=
36,94 ±8,85=
18,53 ±6,62'' 24,82 ± 15,36=
27,87 ± 20,32=
55,93 ±20,05=
6,96 ± 4,94'' 0,57 ±0,75=
0,23 ±0,12"
39,77 ±19,44=
0,72 ± 2,02=
35,57 ±8,17 (18-63) 19,51± 6,23
("0-35.6) 24,62 ± 16,70
(0,5-92.3) 25,30 ±15,86
C5.4-94.7) 61,40 ±26,31
(14,3-153) 6,44 ± 5,20
(0-27.3) 0,45 ±0,52 ('0.01-3.08) 0,27 ±0,13 (0,06-0,82) 42,66 ±18,45
(14-68) 0,94 ± 2,46
ffl-13.91) Tren cimg hdng, cac ky tic (a, b) khdc nhau bieu diin sukhdc biet coy nghia thong he vdip<0,05; Kruskall- Wallis Test
Him lugng ddng v l selen dao ddng nim trong khoang 14 den 68 pg/lOOg ddi vdi him Iugng ddng va tu' 0 den 13,91
pg/lOOg ddi vdi selen. Him Iugng 2
thinh phan niy cd xu hudng gilm xudng d nhdm C khi so vdi 2 nlidm A v l B, tuy nhien khdng fim thiy sir khic biet cd y nghla fhdng ke d cl 2 fhlnb pbin (blng 2).
Bang 3. N6ng do trung binh ciia 10 thanh phin muoi khoang theo 2 thanh ph6 Thanh phin Ha Noi Thanh phan
Chloride(mg/100g) Phospho (mg/1 OOg) Natri (mg/1 OOg) Kali (mg/1 OOg) Calci (mg/1 OOg) Magie (mg/IOOg) Sat (mg/1 OOg) Kem (mg/IOOg) Dong (pg/l OOg) Selen (pg/IOOg)
HaNdi (n=61)
34,84 ± 7,66 16,70 ±5,21 19,65 ±1,71 29,53 ±17,84 68,84 ± 28,69 7,06 ±6,19 0,45 ±0,51 0,27 ±0,13 48,97 ±19,28
1,41 ±2,90
Tp. H o C h i M i n h (n=30)
37,07 ± 9,09 25,25 ± 3,69 34,73 ±16,13
16,69 ± 2 , 9 5 46,27 ± 9,59 5 , 1 7 ± 1 , 5 2 0,46 ± 0,54 0,27 ± 0 , 1 4 29,83 ± 5,74
0,00 ± 0,00
P
>0,05
<0,01
<0,01
<0,01
<0,01
>0,05
>0,05
>0,05
<0,01
<0,01 Sye khdc biet cd y nghia thdng ke vdi p<0,05; Mann-Whitney test
Blng 3 chi ra mdt sd khic biet ciia 10 thinh phan mudi khoing trong siia me giiia mdt sd phudng cua HI Ndi v l mgt sd phudng cua thinh phd Hd Chi Minh.
Quan sit thiy khdng cd su khic biet ve him lugng chloride, slf, kem trong siia me cua d c b l me thugc 2 fhlnh phd.
Him lugng magie trong sira cua d c b l me HI Ndi cao ban so vdi d c b l me tai Hd Chi Minh (7,06 so vdi 5,17 mg/lOOg), tuy nhien su khic biet khdng cd y nghia thdng ke.
Him lugng kali, calci, ddng va kem tiong siia me ciia d c ba me tai fhlnb phd HI Ndi cao hgn mdt each cd y nghia thdng ke so vdi cic ba me tai fhlnb phd Hd Chi Minh; h i m lugng fhlnh phan natri v l phospho cua d c b l me thanh phd
HI Ndi lai thap hon ding ke so vdi cic bl me thanh phd Hd Chi Minh (p<0,01).
Die biet, h i m lugng selen trong sira cua cac b l me tai fhlnh phd Hd Chi Minh gin nhu khdng cd, vdi gil fri trung binh bang 0, tiong khi fhlnh phin nay tai fhlnh phd Ha Ngi trung binh 11 1,41 pg/lOOg siia me, su khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke.
3. Moi twffng quan
Phan tich cho thiy fhlnh phin dinh dudng trong siia me v l d c gil tri dinh dudng trong khau phan ciia 91 ba me tham gia nghien ciiu khdng cd mdi quan he vdi nhau mdt cich cd y nghia thdng ke. Chi cd fhlnb phin kem siia me vl kem khau phan cd mdi tuong quan thuan chilu v l cd y nghia thdng ke (r=0,419, p<0,05) (hinh 1).
Hinh 1. M6i tuffng quan ham luffng kem sua me va kem khiu phan
0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 O.SO 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00
r = 0.419, p<0,01
•
•
•
* •
4^JtP^
* ^ • • ^-"^"^
- H - " " " ' ^ ^ *
^^,:^'''^
"^ • '
• •
•
10.0 15.0 20.0 Kem khaii plian (mg)
Ddi vdi mdi tuang quan giiia d n nang so sinh cua con vdi him lugng d c thanh phan dinh dudng sira me cho thiy, d n nang so sinh cua con cd lien quan ham lugng sat trong siia me, mdi tuang quan duang tinh va thuan chieu vdi r=0,380vap<0,01 (hinhl).
IV. BAN LUAN
Phin tich 10 thanh phan mudi kho- ing tren 91 mau sira ciia 91 b l me tai 2 fhlnh phd Ha Ngi v l tp. Hd Chi Minh da cho thay cd su dao ddng rat ldn trong cic thinh phan siia ciia d c b l me trong nghien ciin. Clemens Kuns va cdng su [7]
ciing da chi ra ring him lugng d c fhlnh phin dinh dudng trong siia me cd mgt su dao dgng rat ldn giiia c l the khic nhau.
Trong mdt c l the, d c yeu fd ve thai gian tiet siia, mua, khiu phan.... ciing da gdp phan llm cho him lugng d c thinh phin sira me cd sir khic biet. Trong nghien ciiu nay, chiing tdi chgn 2 fhlnb phd HI Ndi v l tp. Hd Chi Minh llm 2 khu vuc nghien Cliu, vdi dieu kien sdng tuang ddi gidng nhau. Tiin hinh lly mau siia cua 91 b l
25.0 30.0
me cd do tudi ddng deu, ed thdi gian nudi con bii tir 29 den 120 ngly vao miia he, thdi gian lly mau siia tir thing 4 den thing 6. Yeu td so sanh ve mua nhu mua he v l miia ddng khdng dugc the hien trong nghien ciiu, m l chi tap trung so sinh ve 3 d p do thdi gian nudi con (nhdm A=29 den 60 ngay, nhdm B=61 den 90 ngay nhdm C=91-120 ngly).
Ve ham lugng d c fhlnh phin mudi khoing trong siia me, da sd ham lugng d c fhlnh phan nay 11 tuong ddi dn dinh d d 3 thing - fir thing 2 cho den thing 4. Dieu niy ciing phii hgp vdi ket qua ciia tic gia Nhat Ban-Namiko Ya- ma'waki [8]. Ddi vdi fhlnh phin kem, phospho cd su thay ddi ding ke sau thing thii 2 cho con bii, ham lugng 2 fhlnh phan niy thip xudng. Dieu nay ciing dugc tic gia Namiko chi ra trong nghien Clin. Mdt sd thanh phan mudi khoing trong siia cua b l me Nhat Ban cao hon so vdi d c b l me Viet Nam, bao gdm pho- spho, natri, calci, magie, sit, kem, ddng.
Trong khi dd, him lugng fhlnh phin kali va selen trong siia cua ba me Viet Nam lai thip hgn b l me Nhlt Bin. Su khic biet nay cd the dugc gili thich 11 do nhieu yeu td nhu yeu fd d the, dia ly, che do khiu phin, tap quin giiia 2 nudc.
Nghien ciin cua Pham VIn Thiiy ve mgt sd mudi khoing tren d c b l me Viet Nam cho thiy ham lugng sit, ddng, selen, v l kem ciing cd su dao ddng rif ldn giiia
cic d c the [9].
Sir khic biet ve mdt sd fhlnh pbin mudi khoing trong sira me cua b l me thinh phd HI Ngi v l fhlnh phd Hd Chi Minh cho thiy tinh chit vung mien v l che do dinh dudng, yeu fd c l the ciia 2 fhlnh phd cd the gdp phan dan den su khic biet n i y Ding chu y 11 ham lugng selen trong siia cua ba me fhlnh phd Hd Chi Minh 11 khdng cd, tdng sd 30 mlu vdi kef qua la 0, trong khi dd 61 mau siia cua d c b l me thanh phd HI Ndi cd dugc ndng do trung binh 11 1,41 meg/100 g. Mdt sd nghien Cliu ve thanh phin selen trong ca the con ngudi cd the do mdt phin yeu td dia ly, cu the II yeu td dat [10]. De cd the ly giai su khac biet ve him lugng selen giira 2 fhlnh phd d n phii cd cic nghien ciiu chuyen siu dieu tra v l phan tich d c yeu td, nguyen nhin, trong do phai ke den d c yeu fd ve dia ly do nudc, dat v l d c yeu td tap quin an udng ciing can dugc tinh den.
V. KET LUAN
Him lugng 10 fhlnh phin mudi kho- ing trong siia cua 91 b l me nudi con bii tir 29 den 120 ngly thing tai 2 thinh phd Ha Ngi va thinh phd Hd Chi Minh:
Cd su dao dgng rat ldn giiia d c ca the.
Cd su khic biet cd y nghia thdng ke ve him lugng trung binh cua kem, magie, khi so sinh giiia 3 giai doan cho con bii.
Him lugng fhlnh phan ciia phospho, natri, cua d c b l me tp. Hd Chi Minh cao ban so vdi HI Ngi; nguge lai kali, calci, ddng, selen ciia d c ba me HI Ndi cao hon so vdi cic b l me tp. Hd Chi Minh.
Him lugng kem khau phan cd mdi tuang quan duang finh v l thuan chieu ddi vdi him lugng kem trong siia me.
VL KHUYEN NGHI
CIn cd cic nghien ciiu them ve d c fhlnb phin cic chit boat finh khic trong sii'a ciia d c b l me Viet Nam.
CIn cd d c nghien cun ve fhlnb pbin siia me v l yeu fd lien quan tren pham vi rdng ban de cd dugc con sd phin Inh chung cho d c b l me Viet Nam, tir dd giiip cho d c nhl khoa hgc cd them d c dir lieu de cd nghien ciin nham phdng chdng thieu hut fhlnh phan dinh dudng trong siia me.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
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«0.' - " • • • • • ^•••
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Protecting, promoting and supporting breast feeding: the special role of mater- nity services. Geneva:World Health Or- ganisation.
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59(4):565-72.
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Summary
EVALUATION OF MINERAL COMPOSITION IN BREAST-MILK OF MOTHERS IN HANOI AND HO CHI MINH CITIES
A cross-sectional survey aimed to evaluate the breast-milk composition of Vietnamese mother from 29 to 120 days of lactation period was carried out in 91 mothers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh cities. 60 indicators were assessed in Laboratory, including 10 minerals. Results, the level of these 10 compositions vary in large by individual. The concentration of zinc, magnesium, has a trend of decreasing by the lactating periods. It is significant differences in the some breast milk concentra- tions of mineral between the mothers in Hanoi and mothers in Ho Chi Minh: the levels of phosphor, natri, in the breast milk of Ho Chi Minh city's mothers were higher markedly than that in the Hanoi's mothers; in contrary, the levels of kali, calcium, copper, selen in the breast milk of the Hanoi's mothers was higher than in that of the Ho Chi Minh city's mothers. There are a significant positive relationship between the level of zinc in mother diet and the level of zinc in breast milk.
Key words: breast-milk composition, minerals in breastmilk, lactating mothers in Vietnam
MO HtNH HQA QUA T R I N I J CfflBT POLYPHENOL Ttr QUA SIM THU HAI TAI HOA BtNH
Lai Thi Ngge Hd', Nguyen Thi Na ^, Le Thi Trang ^
Ham lugng polyphenol tong so, anthocyanin tdng so va kha nang chong oxi h6a ciia qua sim chin thu hai tai Hoa Binh dugc xac dinh. Ket qua cho thay qua sim la nguon polyphenol ldn c6 the iing dung trong cong nghiep thuc pham va cong nghiep dugc. Anh hudng ciia mgt so yeu to cong nghe:
loai dung moi, nong do dung moi, nhiet do, pH va thdi gian din hieu suit thu hoi polyphenol da dugc xac dinh. Md hinh mo ta qua trinh tach chiit polyphenol tu qua sim Y(pg GAE/g CK) = f (ning do methanol, pH, nhiet do, thdi gian) da dugc xay dung.
Tir khoa: qud sim, chiet, polyphenol, khd ndng khdng oxi hoa, nhiet do, pH, mo hinh.
' Ths - Khoa Cong nghe thLrc,pham, Dai hoc nong nghiep Ha Npi - Sinh vien - Ldp BQCBA K51, Dai hoc nong nghiep Ha Noi
