I Thanh tra M l CHI'NH
HOAN THIEN DIT THAO LUAT KHIEU NAI
• HOAI LINH
L
UAT Khieu nai, td eao ban hanh nam 1998 va dupc site ddi, bd sung nam 2004, 2005 (sau day gpi IP Luat Khieu nai, td cao) da tao ra co sd phap ly quan trpng dd CO quan, td chUc, ca nhan thUc hien quyen khieu nai va cac co quan nha nUdc cd tham quyen giii quyet khieu nai. Thuc hien cac quy dinh cda Luat Khieu nai, td cao, cac vu viec khieu nai da 6iiac xem xet, giai quydt kjp thPi, bao ve quyen vP Ipi ich hpp phPp cda cong dan, co quan, td chdc, gop phin bio dim an ninh ehinh tri, trat tu an toPn xa hpi. Tuy nhien, qua trinh trien khai thuc hipn Luat Khieu nai, td cao da bpc IP nhung ban chd bat cap, cac quy djnh khieu nai va giii quyet khieu nai khong dap ling dupc yeu cau thuc tien dat ra, nhieu vu viec khieu nai, phUc tap, diin ra gay gat, CO dong ngUPi tham gia... chUa dUpc giii quyet ddt diem vP kjp thdi; viec thuc hien phap luat ve khieu nai vP giii quydt khieu nai chUa nghiem, dan tdi hieu qua giai quyet cac vu viec khieu nai chUa cao, lam giim sdt IPng tin cua nbPn dan vao cac co quan nha nude. Thuc trang tren dPi hdi can khan trUong nghien cUu, xay dung Luat Khieu nai nham khie phuc nhung ban che, bat cap cda Luat Khieu nai, td cao, dap dng yeu eiu thuc tiin cPng tac giai quyet khieu nai hien nay la mpt yeu eiu khPch quan va cin thiet.Luat Khieu nai gdm 8 chUOng, 82 dieu, vdi nhOng npi dung nhu:
Khieu nai quyet djnh hPnh chinh, hanh vi hanh chinh; giai quyet, khieu nai; khieu nai, giii quyet khieu nai quyet dinh k^y- luat can bp, cong chUc;
tidp cdng dan; quan ly nha nUdc ve khieu nai, giai quyet khieu nai; giam sat cong tac giai quyet khieu nai;..
Theo Td trinh DU an Luat Khieu nai cda Chi'nh phd ve van de khieu nai dong ngUdi: Nhieu y kien cho
Ludt Khii'u nai dd duac Uy ban Thudng vu Qudc hdi vd Dgi bieu Qudc hdi Khda XII thdo ludn gdp y vd duac chinh sda nhieu Idn, song hiin nay vdn cdn nhiiu vdn di cd quan diem khdc nhau nhu: Pham vi dieu chinh, ddi tuang dp dung cua Ludt; vi thdm quyin, trinh tugidi quyi't khii'u nai; vitiep cdng ddn; viec khii'u nai ddng ngudi...
rang (loai y kidn thU nhit), du thao Luat Khieu nai khPng nen quy dinh van de khidu nai va giii quye't khieu nai dong ngudi. Bdi le, ddi vdi eae khieu nai dong nguPi hien nay, tham ehi c i khieu nai dPng ngUPi eP eung mpt npi dung khieu nai thi quyen vP Ipi ich hpp phPp eua tUng nguPi khieu nai cung khPng ddng nhit. NgUdi cd tham quyen giii quyet khPng the ra mpt quye't dinh giai quye't khieu nai chung cho mpi ngUPi, mP van phii cP nhdng van ban hPnh ehinh ca biet de giii quyet ddi vdi tUng trUPng hpp eu the. Hon nda, quy djnh van de nPy trong Luat se mac nhien thUa nhan viec khieu nai dPng ngUPi, tao dieu kien eho eae phin tCf eo hpi IPi keo, xdi glue, kich dpng khieu kien dPng ngudi, anh hudng den an ninh chinh trj, trat tu an toan xa hpi. Viec xii' ly ddi vdi khieu nai dong ngUPi IP van de nhay eim, phUe tap, cin nghien cUu, tdng ket thiu dao de quy djnh trong
mpt van bin quy pham phap luat khae (nghj djnh, hoac thPng tu). CP y kien khac cho rang (loai y kien thU hai), du thio Luat Khieu nai lan nay nen quy djnh ve khieu nai dong ngudi va trinh tU, thd tuc giii quydt khieu nai dPng ngudi. Vi rang, tren thUc td, tinh trang khidu nai dPng ngUPi kha phd bien, dPi hdi Nha nude xem xet, giii quydt de dn (Jnh tinh hinh chinh trj xa hpi; neu khong quy dinh giii quyet ddi vdi cac vu khieu nai dong nguPi se gay kho khan, cho cac co quan, don vj trong viec xCf ly ddi vdi loai khieu nai nPy.
Chinh phd cho rang loai y kien thuf nhat la phd hpp nen khong quy djnh khieu nai va giai quyet khieu nai dong ngudi trong du thao Luat
Khieu nai.
Cung ve van de nay, BP TU phPp eho rang, du thao Luat lin nay nen eP quy ^nh ve khieu nai vP giai quyet khieu nai dPng ngUPi. Vi rang, tren thue te phPt sinh nhieu khieu nai dPng ngUPi eP eung mpt npi dung, dPi hdi Nha nuPe xem xet, giii quyet de dn djnh tinh hinh chinh tri xa hpi.
Thanh tra Chinh phd nhan thiy rang du an Luat Khieu nai khong nen quy 6\nh vin de khieu nai vP giii quye't khieu nai dPng ngUPi, (loai y kien thU nhit neu tren). Vi vay, khieu nai dPng nguPi nen quy djnh nhU phap luat hien hanh, ndu cd khidu nai dPng ngUPi thi huPng dan mdi ngUPi khieu nai IPm don rieng de xit ly trong tUng trudng hpp, khi eP dPng nguPi den co quan thi de nghj cd' dai dien den gap.
Nhieu dai bieu khae de nghj Du thao Luat nen lam ro them khai niem khieu nai dPng ngUPi, phai xPe dmh the nao la dPng nguPi, bao nhieu nguPi thi dupc gpi \a dPng ngUPi, trinh tu vP each giai quyet eu the de tranh gay khP khan vuPng mie eho ePe co quan, don vj trong viec xtf ly ddi vdi loai khidu nai nPy.
Ve thdi hieu giii quyet khieu nai, Png Le Gia Anh (Thanh tra TP HP Npi) cho rang, can cd che tPi giai quyet, xCif ly phii cu the. Cip nao giai quyet, eip dUdi cham giii quydt, don giii khieu nai, cip tren ed giai quyet khong? Theo Dieu 29, Muc 2 trinh tU, thd tuc giii quyet khieu nai lan diu ve thu ly khidu nai, trong thdi ban quy djnh 3 ngay, ngudi cd tham quyen phii thu ly giai quyet; thPng bao bang van ban cho ngudi khidu nai thi d cap xa, huyen phd hpp, nhung cap tinh, thanh phd khd thUc hien. Hay ve thdi
So 113 (Thang 11-2011)
m Tha nh Ira l ^ l C H r N H
ban giai quyet khieu nai lan dau khong qua 10 ngay, doi vPi vu viec phuc tap, thdi ban khdng qua 15 ngay, nhat l.i d viing sau, viing xa rat kho kha thi...
Ve van de Luat sutham gia bao ve quyen va ldi K h ciia ngUOi khieu nai, ngUdi b; khieu nai Co y kien cho rang (loai y kien thu nhat), de nang cao hiou (lu.i cong tac gi.ii quyet khieu nai, tao dieu kien cho viec giai quyet khieu nai nhanh chong. dung phap luat. dam Ixio sUbinh dang giifa cac ben trong qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai can tao dieu kien thuan Idi cho Luat su tham gia vao qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai Luat su' khong chi th.ini (]i.) b.K) ve quyon va Idi ich cua ngu'di khieu nai. ma con can cho phep Luat sutham gia giup ngUdi bi khieu nai bao ve quyon vn ldi ich hdp phap cua ho trong qua tnnh giai quyet khu.'ii n.ii Tren thu'c te nhieu dia plui'dnc) da van (lung tot van dc; nay va ket qua tu'dng doi kh.i (]ii,in Mot so y kicn kh.ic (.ho rang, khdng nen quy dmh cho phep Luat sUtham gia giup ngu'di bi khieu nai. boi vi ngUOi bi khieu nai la ngUOi dai dien cd quan nha nUdc. khi ban hanh quyet dinh hanh chinh. thuc hien hanh chinh hdn ai het ho hieu ro ly do.
muc dich. yeu cau. he qua tac dong cua quyet dmh hanh ehinh. hanh vi hanh chinh. hieu r6 chu trUdng chinh sach.
phap luat lien guan tdi viec ban hanh quyet dmh hanh chinh. hanh vi hanh chinh. Mat khac, ngu'di bi khieu nai con CO cac cd quan, ddn vi chuyen mon trong do c6 chuyen m6n ve phap ly. tham mUu cho minh de bao ve tinh diing dan cua cac quyet dmh hanh chinh, hanh vi hanh chinh da ban hanh,
Chinh phli cho rang loai y kien thU nhat la phii hop nen da quy dmh nhu trong duthao.
Ngoai nhung van de chua thong nhat thi Du thao Luat nay con c6 nhung khoang trong phap ly, neu kh6ng dupc bo sung se gay kho khan cho viec thUc hien sau nay. Sau day la hai van de quan trpng can trao ddi.
Thi/nhat. ve quyen va nghTa vu cua ngi/di co quyen.
nghla vu lien quan
Ngoai cac chii the chu yeu tham gia vao qua trinh khieu nai va giai guyet khieu nai (gdm nguPi khieu nai, ngUOi bi khieu nai, ngUdi giai guyet khieu nai lan dau, ngUdi giai quyet khieu nai lan hai) trong Du thao Luat e6 de cap den mot loai chu the nUa, d6 la ngUdi c6 quyen, nghla vu lien quan quy dmh tai Khcan 7 Dieu 2. Day la mpt trong nhung chu the chiu trach nhiem thue hien quyet dmh giai quyet khieu nai c6 hieu lUc phap luat theo quy dmh tai Dieu 43 (tai Khoan 4 Dieu 43 dung thuat ngu la nguoi CO quyen, Ipi ich hpp phap lien quan Ten gpi ve leai ehu the nay khPng theng nhat vdi quy dinh tai Khdan 7 Dieu 2 neu tren). Nhu vay, day la mdt leai chu the tham gia vae qua tnnh giai quyet khieu nai va thUe hien quyet dinh giai quyet khieu nai dupe duthao Luat ghi nhan. Mat khae, trong thue te giai quyet khieu nai loai ehu the nay ten tai kha nhieu. Ching han n h u Ong A khieu nai UBND huyen B vi ehe rang viec UBND cap giay chUng nhan quyen su'dung dat cho ba C khong diing. xam pham den
(^uyen Ipi eua ong vi nguon gPc dien tieh dat nay la do ong A d i d ba C mUpn sU dung. Hope trudng hpp ong H thue xe o to ciia Ong Q de van chuyen hang cam bi cd quan chifc n;1ng phat hien ra quyet dinh xU phat tien doi vdi ong 11 doruj thdi tjch thu chiec xe 6 tP nen ong H khieu nai.
Iroiuj h.ii tn/dncj tidp nay ba C va Png Q ce quyen lei, lujliia vu lien quan den viec giai quyet khieu nai.
Ihoo Khoan 7 Dieu 2 ciia dUthao Luat thi: "Ngu'di co (juyen, nghia vu lion quan la ngUdi c6 quyen va nghla vu chiu tac dpng trUc tiep bdi quyet dinh hanh ehinh, hanhvi hanh chinh ma khdng phai la ngUdi khieu nai" Trong thi/c te, neu ngUdi khieu nai va ngUdi ce quyen, ngh?a vu lien quan kh6ng c6 ldi ich d6i lap nhau thi kh6ng sao, nhifrig kill hai chii the nay c6 ldi ich doi lap nhau thi se trd nen ()hu'(, t,i() (nhu' tru'dng hdp ong A khieu nai viec UBND huyen B cap dat cho ba C neu tren). VPi tinh huong nay neu viec giai quyet khieu nai lan dau chap nhan yeu cau ciia ngUdi khieu nai tat yeu se anh hUdng den ldi ich ciia ngUdi c6 quyen, nghla vu lien quan. Neu ngUdi co quyen, nghia vu lien quan kh6ng ddng y (phan ddi) dPi vPi quyet dinh giai guyet khieu nai lan dau thi hp co guyen yeu cau ngUOi c6 tham guyen giai quyet khieu nai lan hai xem xet lai quyet dmh nay hay kh6ng - dU thao Luat chUa co quy dmh. Neu ho khieu nai den ngUdi giai quyet khieu nai lan dau yeu cau xem xet lai quyet dmh giai quyet khieu nai thi cung khOng dn. vi quyet dmh giai quyet khieu nai lan dau khOng phai la van ban guan ly hanh chinh ma ban chat la van ban tai phan hanh chinh (cho dii nUPe ta chUa co he thdng tai phan hanh chinh dpe lap). Mat khac, npi dung quan he khieu nai khPng c6 gi mdi ngoai nhifng van de ma nguOi giai quyet khieu nai lan dau da xac minh, giai quyet. NhU vay, Du thao Luat Khieu nai ghi nhan dia vi phap ly ciia ngUdi eo quyen. nghla vu lien quan nhuTiglai khPng co quy dmh ve cac quyen va nghla vu. gidi han pham VI. tnnh tu. thu tuc de chu the nay tham gia trong qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai.
Thif hai, ve viec thifa ke quyen. nghla vu trong viec iihieu nai
Viec phat sinh khieu nai la do ehu the bi tae dpngbdi quyet dmh hanh chinh. hanh vi hanh ehinh cho rang quyet dinh hoac hanh vi do trai phap luat xam pham den quyen, ldi ich hpp phap cua minh (day la mpt loai tranh chap- tranh chap trong quan he hanh ehinh giUa ehii the chjusii quan ly vPi chu the quan ly nha nUPe). Quyen va ldi ich hdp phap bi xam pham trdng thue te ehi eP hai nhom (36 la quyen nhan than phi tai san (danh du, nhan pham, quyen ve cU tru, ket hon, ve ten gpi, hinh anh,...)va quyen ve tai san (quyen sd huU, quyen ehiem hull, sil dung tai san). Theo quy dinh eiia Hien phap va Bp luat Dan su thi ePng dan eP quyen de lai tai san thUa ke. Nhi/
vay, trong trUdng hpp khieu nai ddi vdi quyet djnh hanh ehinh, hanh vi hanh ehinh eP lien quan den eae quyen ve tai san n h u thu hdi dat, eUPng ehe thao dP eong trinh, tjch
(Xem tiep trang 54)
So 113 (Thang 11-2011)
m T^TCHlNH Thanh tra
nha"... Phia Tay deo la nui dung dUng, vUng chai nhu binh phong xanh ngit vPi ngan may bay Idn vdn budi chieu ta tren ngon nui cao 1.046m - dinh cao nhat cua day Hoanh Son. Du khach di xe may hoac oto, khi dd xiioi XUOIK) mai deo phia Nam khoang 400 met se thay mot day iiiii cao hang tram met sung sung c h i n ngang trUPc mat Cang den gan, bUc tudng xanh cung nhU dang chay nhao tPi, tao nen cam giac ky la ma khong deo nao co dUdc.
Len tdi dinli deo. nOi co tam liang phan chia din (ih.in liai tinti QuaiK) l^iiih 11,i linh, \r tlico con diufiuj mon nho ben phai tnen nui do 500m. thap thoang glUa rung thong la di tich Hoanh Son Quan Day la cUa ai Hoanh Son tran giU con duong thien ly Bac - Nam, goi biet bao suy tudng ve mot thPi Dang Trong Dang Ngoai phan tranh CUa Hoanh Sdn c.io hdn 4 met. dUdc xay tU tneu Minh Mang thu 14 (1833) hien con nguyen ven, cung hai nen mong eua tUdng luy being da chay theo hai hUdng vao nui va xuong bien. TrUdc day phia cUa moi ben co 1.000 bac da de len xuong theo tnen nui cao Nay eUa ben Nam khong cdn bac da, ben Bac chi con khoang vai tram bac, nhung da dUOc lam lai nhieu
Xuoi theo quoc lo 1A, tu dmh deo do xuong phia Ha TTnh khoang 500m la gap phia ben phai nhung bac da leo len cUa Hoanh Son. Khach du lich eo the dUng xe, theo nhCfng bac da len tham quan di tich. BuPc tren tUng bac da. thay nhu con an hien dau chan tien nhan mot thdi xuoi ngUdc. Cung ndi nay da in dau chan Bac nhCfng ngay di bo theo gia dmh tulang Sen vao Hue.-, DCfng xe tren dmh deo Ngang. dCfng giua trdi gio long, n g i m nui rung hay bien xanh. nghe tieng thong reo giua ngan may mdi thay that thu thai tam hon.,.
TU cua Hoanh Sdn nhin xudng phia Bac la he nUdc U Be. Quoc lo l A t U c U a ham duPng bp xuyen qua deo Ngang bay gid chay c i t ngang ho nuPe nay. Phia Nam la ho nUdc Quang Dong lap lanh anh bac moi buoi binh minh. Hai hd nuPe nam ngay dUdi chan dee, nuPc treng xanh quanh nam Tren duPng qua dee, timg doan ngan lai bat gap nhung ddng sudi nho do tU tren dinh nui da ve, roc rach chay qua nhUng chiec cau. DUng xe ngoi nghi, rUa mat, tay chan ben dong nUPe trong vat, mat lanh mdi that thu vi
KH tCt nSm 2004, ngdy c6 ham dudng bd Deo Ngang cdc xe cd chui h^t vdo hdm vd con dec lai trd ndn vdng ldng...
Cach khoang 600m dUdi chan deo ve phia Nam la den tho cdng chua Lieu Hanh, di tich kien true - nghe thuat
ton giao, nam trong cum di tieh, danh thang gom deo Ngang, Hoanh Sdn Quan. luy Hoan VUOng, dmh Vinh Sdn, bien Hon La, Vung Chua. dao Yen... Den nim trong tan la rung xanh mat, each cUa ham dUdng bo xuyen deo Ngang phia Nam hdn 100m. Co tuthdi Thien HCfu (1557) nha Hau Le, theo thPi gian den b; hU hong nhieu, sau do duoc tinh Quang Binh phuc hoi theo nguyen mau. Theo ngUdi dan dia phUdng. den tho nay kha Imh thieng. vithe vai nam trd lai day cc rat nhieu du khach thap phUOng ghe tham. hUdng khPi... Cung vdi do IP eae bai t i m Hdn La, Quang Dong, Canh DUdng vdi o/ng dUOng xanh mUdt, cat vang Png anh va cac dae d ngoai khdi nhU Hon La, Hon Vung Chua. Hon Co. Hon Gio. dao Yen tao thanh nhQng thang canh tuyet dep. Gan deo Ngang ve phia Ha Tinh co bai tam deo Con saeh dep, thoai va kin giP. Den thd ba Bich Chau hay con goi la den tho ba Hai gan nui Cao Vong. nui O Ton, nui Ban Do. vung ang. la quan the danh thang du lich Bac deo Ngang.
Vang ! deo Ngang la the, van dPi va ngheo. Nhieu nguoi bao ten eua deo nP nhu van vao ngUPi. Deo Ngang tCfc la dang ngheo. C h i c khi nao deo Ngang doi ten thanh deo Ngheo hoac deo Nghech thi chic luc do vung nay mdi kha hdn dUde... •
Hoan thien dir thao
(I ii'p llicii liiiii;.i MU thu tai san... vi tai san dupe de lai thUa ke, nen trong qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai - neu nguPi khieu nai bi chet thi ve nguyen tae chung nhCfng ngUdi co quyen thUa ke tai san cua ngUPi khieu nai co quyen ke thUa viec khieu nai.Doi vdi trUPng hpp ngUdi khieu nai la cd quan, to chUe, neu trong qua trinh giai quyet khieu nai ma cd quan, td ehUe do bi hpp nhat, sap nhap, ehia taeh, giai the thi eO quan, to' chUe hoae ea nhan ke thUa quyen, nghla vu eua ed quan, to ehUe cu phai dupe ke thUa viee khieu nai. Tuy nhien, trong du thao Luat Khieu nai khong eo quy dinh nao ve viee ke thUa quyen, nghTa vu trong qua trinh giai
quyet khieu nai de dieu chinh cac trUdng hpp neu tren.
Trong khi do tai Dieu 53 eua Luat To tung hanh chinh da quy dinh rat eu the ve viee ke thCfa quyen, nghTa vu to tung hanh chinh. Theo do, trUdng hpp ngUPi khdi kien la ca nhan bi chet ma quyen, nghia vu eua hp dUpc thi/a kethi nguoi thUa ke 6yS0c tham gia td tung. TrUdng hpp ngi/di khdi kien la eo quan, td ehUe bi hpp nhat, sap nhap, chia, taeh, giai the thi ed quan, td ehUe hoae ea nhan ke thi/a quyen, nghla vu eua ed quan, td ehUe eu thUe hien quyen, nghTa vu td tung eua eo quan, td ehUe do. NhU vay, thu tuc tai phan tu phap ddi vPi tranh chap hanh chinh thi co quy dinh ke thUa quyen, nghTa vu td tung, eon thu tue tai phan hanh ehinh thi lai khong quy d i n h . "
So 113 (Thang 11-2011)
