KHOA HOC CbNG NGHE
QUY HQACH VUIXIG THlCH HOP TROIXIG RIJIXIG SAO DEIXI {Hapea adarataj TAI B HUYEIXI lUIEIXI IXIIJI
TilXIH THUA THIEIXI - HUE
va Thi Thiiy TrangS Trin Trung Qudc^, Ng6 Timg DiicS Lfi Thi Thu HAS Nguyfin Duy Phong'
T6MTAT
Nghien cuu xay dung ban dd quy hoach viing thich hgp trong rimg Sao den gop phan nang cao hieu qua cong tac trdng rimg go Ion theo ke hoach phat trien rtmg trdng gd Ion ciia UBND tinh Thira Thien - Hue giai doan 2017 - 2020. Ung dung cac ky thuat GIS dg danh gia thuc trang cac yeu td anh huong dfin phat tnen cay Sao den. Ket qua: (1) Xay dung duoc ban do thich nghi tir 6 lop ban do don tinh la ban do loai dat, do day, nhiet do, luong mua, dp ddc, dp cao va xay dimg duoc ban dO phan viing phii hop cho cay Sao den tren dja ban hai huyen Nam Dong va A Luoi tren ca so chong xep cac ban do don tinh va phan lich trpng s6;
(2) Phan tich dupe muc do anh huong ciia cac yeu tfi xa hpi la: Nhan thiic ciia nguoi dan, kinh te (kha nang diu tu), chinh sach hO tro va muc do rui ro de xay dung duoc mirc do uu tien cho cac viing sinh thai cay Sao den; (3) Xay dung duoe ban do va sd lieu phan viing phii hpp trdng rimg Sao den tren dia ban hai huyen Nam Dong va A Luoi tren co so chong xep ban do phan viing phii hpp tii cac nhan to smh thai voi miic do uu tifin ciia cac yeu td xa hoi; (4) Trfin co so chong xgp ban dd phii bop voi ban do hi^n trang sii dung d^t va ban do quy hoach ba loai rimg, nghien cuu da quy hoach duoc viing phii bpp trdng rimg Sao den tren dia ban bai huy^n Nam Ddng va A Luoi.
Tirkhba: Sao den, quy hoach trong rung. Nam Ddng, A Ludi.
1.SATVANDE
Vol tinh hinh bi^n doi khi hau difin ra ro rfit va het sue phiic tap trfin toan eau thi vifie trong rimg chu ky kinh doanh dai ddi voi cac loai cay ban dia eo nang suat, gia tri cao de eung cap nguyfin hfiu gd Ion eho eong nghifip ehe bifin nham nang cao gia tri gia tang cua ning trong, gdp phdn bao vfi moi truong sinh thai, bao ton da dang sinh hoc nang cao thu nhap eho ngudi dan; dam bao phat trien san xuat b^n vung, dn dinh. Gd Sao den co gia tri kinh te cao, thuoc nhdm III, pham chat gd tdt, mau vang hoi xam, phan giac sang hon, ciing, ben va nang (ty trong 0,75). La loai gd dfi che bien, dfi son, it co, dfi udn, ehiu dap, khong bi mdi mot va ben ehae trong ca dieu kifin kho, am hay chdn dudi dat. V6 cd luong tanin cao, thich hop cho thuoc da. Nhua Sao den edng cd the sii dung trong eong nghifip. Sao den diing dl trdng rimg, lam giau ning theo phuong thtic ti-dng theo dam hay theo bang b khoang trdng de cai thifin to thanh, nang cao chat luong va san lugng rimg. (Nguyfin Van Thuan, 2015). Vific quy hoach
' Truong Dai hpc Nong Lam. Dai hoc Hue
' Phan vien DiSii tra Quy hoach rtmg Trung Trung bp, Vien Diau tra Quy hoach rirng
khu vuc thich nghi trdng rimg Sao den cung cap g6 Ion la rat can thiet, nd gdp phdn vao vific phat trifin lam nghiep ben vung va thue hifin thdng loi d^ an tai CO eau nganh lam nghifip ciia tinh Thira Thifin - Hue.
Nghifin ciiu nay nhdm xay dung ban (^o quy hoach vimg thich hop trdng rimg Sao den gdp phdn niing eao hifiu qua cdng tac trdng rimg gd Idn d dia ban nghifin ciiu ndi rifing va cho tinh Thira Thifin - Hue ndi chung.
2 . VATUEU VA PHUDNG PHAP 2.1. VJt lifiu nghifin cihi
Hifin trang va quy hoach sii sung dat lam nghifip va phat trien rung trdng cua cac ehu rimg, gdm: Ban quan ly, cong ty lam nghifip, uy ban nhan dan (UBND) xa va ho gia dinh.
2.2. Phuong ph^p nghifin ciiu
Su dung phuong phap phan tieh da nhan td (MCA) va qua ti-inh phan tieh thti bae (AHP) de danh gia tifim nang khu vue nghien ciiu.
Nam 1980, Thomas L.Saaty phat trien phuang phap ra quyet dinh nhu Id quy Q-inh phan tich thii bac (Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP) nhdm xii ly cac van de ra quyet dinh da tieu chuan phiie tap.
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHE Ti^n trinh thuc hifin nhu sau:
Budc 1. Xac dinh cac tieu chi/nhan td ddnh gid:
Vific lua chgn cac nhan td danh gia can ddp iing cdc yfiu cau sau:
+ Cac nhan td ddnh gia phai cd quan he gan gui vcn dac diem sinh trudng, phdt tiien, san lugng ciia cay Sao den.
+ Cac nhan to lua chgn de thuc hifin va danh gia phai dfi ddng thu thap thdng tin, xu ly trong mdi tiirdng GIS, cd the ap dung ti-fin vung nghifin ciiu va nhan rong trfin cac vimg khac.
Be xac dinh dugc cac vung thieh hop eho eay Sao den, cdc nhan td tu nhifin dugc dua vao khao sat Id dat dai, dia hinh, khi hau.
Ngoai khao sat cae nhan td tu nhifin thi can phai khao sat cac yeu to xa hdi. Vi day Id nhimg yeu td quan ti-gng dnh hudng h-uc hep den miic do uu tifin, thich hop eho cdy Sao den trfin timg khu vuc cu the.
Cac yeu td xa hoi dugc dua vao khao sat gdm: Nhan thirc cua ngudi dan, kmh te, chinh sdch hd trg- va miic do riii ro.
Nghifin ciiu dua tren 4 yeu td chinh la dat, dia hinh, khi hau, cac yeu td xa hgi va 10 yeu td phu de danh gia ti^m nang khu vuc nghifin ciiu.
Bang 1. Cdc nhan td danh gia miic dp thich nghi cay Sao den
cua cay Sao den thi se cd trgng sd Idn hon. De xac dinh trgng sd cho timg nhan td da su dung phuong phap AHP thdng quan mdt so ma tran so sdnh cap ddi ket hop vdi phuong phap ehuyen gia. Sir dung hdm Geomean de xac dinh trpng sd cua cde nhin td lira chpn.
Budc 3. Xdc dinh gia tri tiem nang mdi loai cho cac yeu td: Gia tri tiem nang cho mdi loai cua moi tifiu chi duoc dua trfin co sd ve miic do thuan lpi cho vific phdt trien ciia cay Sao den vd dugc phan ra lam 4 loai:
Bang 2. Phan cap miic dp thich hpp
Nhan td chinh Dat dai Dia hinh Khi hau
Cac nhan td xa hdi
Nhan td phu Loai dat Do day Do doc Ddcao Nhifit dd Luong mua
Nhan fhiic cua nguoi dan Kinhte
Chinh sach hd tra Miic do rut ro
Miic dd thich nghi Cap I: Thich hpp cao (Rat phii hop - SI) Cap II: Thich hpp trung bmh (Phil hop-S2) Cap III: Thich hpp thap (It phii hop - S3) Cdp IV: Khong thich hgp (Khdng phd hop - N)
Gid tri tiiong iing 3 2 1 0 De xac dinh tam quan trong cua cac tieu chi (chinh va phu) va gia tri phii hop cho m6i loai CLia m6i heu chi doi voi cay Sao den da sir dung ky thuat AHP de xac dinh tam quan trong cua cac tieu chi. To chiic phto cap ve cac tieu chi xem xet cho danh gia su thich nghi cua cay Sao den dugc the hien * hinh 1.
1
Tat ca cac nhan to tren duoc sit dung de phat trien co so dli lieu thong qua phan mem Arcview 3.2 va Mapinfo.
Buoc 2. Xac dinh trpng so cua cac nhan to: M6i nhan td chinh va phu c6 the dong gop y nghia khac nhau trong danh gia tiem nang phat trien cay Sao den, do do cac nhan td cd trong sd khac nhau. Nhan td nao cd vai tro quan trong hon ddi vdi phat trien
[ ^
H - ^ ..
pbuj
,.,
- 1
M - « 1 1 » - 1
1 ^ 1 - ^ • - I
Phan c i p DiiK do Ihicb
SI Efii phu hop
1 s : Phu hop
y
1 S3 it phu hopK h o u E p h u h q j
Hinh 1. Sa do aeu chi lua chpn danh gia miic dp thich nghi cua cay Sao den
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHE Ddi vdi cdc nhan td smh thai: ddt dai, khi
hau, dia hinh
Phan tich, xay dung miic do phii hop cua cac nhan td sinh thai va danh gia trpng so ciia tiing nhan td sinh thai anh hudng den cay Sao den, tien hdnh tich hpp tiing budc vao ban dd trfin GIS cho cay Sao den theo phuong trinh sau:
SI = Wl*Ii)+ W2*DDTD -I- W3*DC + W4*DD + W5*LM + W6*ND
Trong dd: SI: Diem phii hgp cho cay Sao den;
ID; Loai ddt; DDTD: Dd day tdng dat; BC: Dp cao;
DD: Dd ddc; LM: Lupng mua; ND: NTufit do.
Sau dd tifin hanh phan loai lai chi sd phii hpp (SI) thanh 4 hang: Phti hop cao (SI), phii hpp tiung binh (S2), phii hep thap (S3) va khong phu hgp (S) tuong ling voi nguong gia tri > 2,5; 2,0-2,5; 1,0-2,0 va
<1,0.
Ddi vdi yfiu td xa hgi:
Phuong phap thu thap thdng tin: tifin hanh hgp thdn, phdng vdn nhung ngudi dan tham gia trdng rimg ed difin tich trfin 3 ha. Cac yfiu td xa hpi can ddnh gia la nhan thiic aia ngudi dan ddi voi viec trdng rimg go Idn, tifim luc ve kinh tfi' de dau tu, chinh sach hd trpva miic do mi rg.
De khao sat miie do dnh hudng ciia tiing yeu td xa hpi den eay Sao den nhu the nao, edn phan ehia ra cdc viing sinh thai khac nhau dua vao su phat trien cua CO sd ha tang va miic dp phat trien cda xa hgi tuong ddi ddng nhat Theo khao sat thi da phan chia eac xa trong khu vuc nghifin ciiu thdnh 4 nhdm vimg sinh thai tuong ting Al, A2, A3, A4.
Tien hanh phan tich miic do anh hudng cua tiing yeu td xa hpi trfin mdt vtmg sinh thai eu the bdng each xac dinh trpng sd ciia yfiu td xa hdi vd miic dp anh hudng cua yfiu td dd trfin cac vilng sinh thai thong qua phuong phap phan tich thii bac AHP, ket hop vdi viec tham khao y kifin cua cac nha chuyfin mon va eae hd gia dmh ed tham rufin trdng ning trfin dia ban 2 huyfin de xac dinh miie dp uu tien eua timg vimg sinh thai cho cay Sao den. Tren co so tong hpp miic dd mi tifin, de thuan lpi cho vific tinh toan, tich hgp va phan cdp miic dd phii hpp da quy ddi miic dd mi tifin eho cac vung sinh thai doi vdi cay Sao den theo thu tu tu Idn dfin nhd tuong iing vdi 0,4, 0,3, 0,2 va 0,1.
Budc 4. Danh gia miic do thich nghi cho cay Sao den: Phan tich miic dp thich nghi ddi vdi cay Sao den
trfin dia ban huyfin dupe thuc hifin thong qua phdn mfim Arcview 3.2 va phdn mfim mb rong Spatial Analyst.. Tat ca cac gid tii cua mdi loai lai duoc phuc hdi Cf dang co scr dii hfiu vecta. \'cri 4 ldp nhan td chinh va 10 ldp nhan td phu dupe cpng ldp theo tiing budc trong GIS, diem tdng hgp vfi miic do fhich hpp dugc xac dinh thdng qua cdng thiic sau:
Z »'
n o
Trong dd: S la tdng gia tn thuan Igi cho mdi vi tri/pixel; Wi: La trgng sd nhan td thii I; Ri: La gia tri thuan lgi (diem) cho mdi loai cda nhan td thii I; Cj: la gia tri Boolean ciia yfiu td ban chfi.
Dfi xay dung ban dd phan vimg phii hpp cho eay Sao den edn tdng hpp diem phii hgp eiia cac nhan td sinh thai va eac yeu td xa hdi- Treng dd diem phii hpp aia cde yeu td xa hdi dupe tich hpp giua diem phu hpp aia nhan td sinh thai vol miie do im tifin aia tiing vimg sinh thai thong qua cae yeu td xa hpi bdng phdn mfim Aregis. Sau khi tdng hpp diem phii hpp tifin hanh phan loai lai chi sd phii hpp (SI) thanb 4 hang: Phii hpp cao (Si), phii hpp trung binh (S2), phu hpp thap (S3) va khong phti hgp (N) tuong ting vdi nguong gia hi SI > 3,0; S2: 2,5-3,0; S31,5-2,5 va
<1,5.
Miic dp thich nghi ddi vdi cay Sao den dupe quyfit dinh thong qua vific xem xet tdng sd diem phan phdi cho mdi vi tri. Tdng sd diem duoc phan ra thdnh 4 loai dua trfin gia tri giua cua mdi mirc phii hop gdm: Rat phii hpp, phii hpp, it phii hpp va khong phii hpp.
Trude khi xay dung ban dd viing phu hgp eho trdng rung Sao den trfin dia ban hai huyfin Nam Dong va A Ludi phdi tien hanh chdng xep ban dd quy hoach 3 loai rimg va ban dd hifin trang sii dung ddt vao ban dd phan vimg thich hgp cho cay Sao den.
Sau dd tien hdnh sang Igc cde ddi tupng dnh hudng tnrc tiep dfin miic do phii hpp de quy hoach vimg thich hgp cho trdng rimg gd Idn. Vi du: Cac vimg khdng phu hpp eho quy hoach ti-dng la trang thai rimg giau, rimg trung binh, mat nude, cac loai dat chuyfin dung, dat khac...
Sau khi xa\- dung diroc ban dd thich nghi, tien hanh phdng van cdc xa /don vi trong va ngoai vimg phii hgp de kiem chiing kfit qua miie dp tin cay ciia ban dd phu hgp cho cay Sao den. Neu chua phii hpp phdi kiem ti-a phuong phap va thuc hifin lai.
KHOA HOC CONG NGHfi
3. K i r QUA NGHDI CUU VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Anh hudng cdc nhan td sinh thdi d^n phdt hife lodi Sao den
Can o i vdo ket qua dieu tra, nghien ciiu da chgn 6 nhan td sinh tiidi dac tnmg de xay dimg bdn do phii hop eho cdy Sao den Id loai dat, dp ddy tdng dat, do cao, dp ddc, nhifit do va lugng mira.
Tren co sd yfiu cdu sinh fhdi cua c^y Sao den, nghifin ciiu da tien hdnh phan hang cdc chi tifiu ctia timg nhan td sinh thai anh hudng den su phu hpp dugc the hien dbang 3.
Bdng 3. Phan hang phu hgp theo cac nhan td sinh thai ciia ca.y Sao den TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tidu chi Loai dat
Do day ting dat (cm)
Do cao (m)
Dd ddc (do)
Luang mua (mm)
Nhiet dd(°C)
Chi tieu Fp, Fq, Pi
Fs Fa, Pb, Fu
Pk
>100 50-100
30-50
<30
<300 300-700 700 -1.000
>1.000
<15 1 5 - 2 5
25-35
>35 2000-2500 1.500-2.000;
2.500-3.000 1.200-1.500;
3.000-3.800
<1.200; >3.80(
20-22 18-20; 22-25 15-18; 25-28
<15;>28 Miic do thich nglii
3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0 3 2 1 0
dat la trfin 100 cm, dd cao dudi 300 m, dd ddc dudi 15", lugng mua 2.000-2.500 mm, nhifit do 20-22''C.
Sau khi sii dung phuong phap phan tich thii bac AHP, ket hgp vdi viec tham khao y kien ciia cdc nha chuyfin mon thdng qua ma tran so sanh cap ddi tuong quan giira cdc nhan td sinh thdi lira chpn va trgng sd tuong iing cho mdi nhan td sinh thdi duoc the hifin dbang 4.
Bang 4. Trpng sd ciia cdc nhdn td sinh thdi dnh huong d^n cay Sao den TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Tieu chi Loaid^t Dd day tang dat Ddcao Ddddc Luong mua Nhidt dd
Trong sd (W) 0,21 0,19 0.46 0,04 0,07 0,03
Ty sd nhat quan (CR)
0,07
3.2. xay dtmg ban dd phu hpp quy hoach vung trdng cho cay Sao den trfin co sd dnh hudng cua cdc nhan td smh thdi
Sau khi phan tich, xay dung miic dp phii hpp cua cde nhan td sinh thai va ddnh gia trpng sd eiia tiing nhan td sinh thai anh hudng den eay Sao den, tifin hdnh tich hop tiing budc vdo ban do ti-fin GIS cho cay Sao den cd dugc ket qua nhu sau:
Ban dd va sd lifiu phan viing phu hop ciia lodi cay Sao den theo nhan to sinh thai
- Bdn dd phan viing thich hop cua loai cay Sao den ti-fin dia ban hat huyen Nam Dong vd A Ludi dupe the hifin qua hinh 2.
Bang 3 cho thay mute do thich nghi cao nhat ciia loai Sao den ddi vdi loai dat la Fp. Fq. Pi; dd day tang
Hinh 2. Ban dd phan vilng thich hop cho loii cay Sao den theo nhan td sinh thai
KHOA HOC C6N6 NGHl
- Sd lieu tdng hop dien tich cac viing phan cap thai tren dia ban 2 huyen Nam Ddng va A Ludi duoc mile dp phu hop cho d-6ng Sao den theo nhan td sinh the hijn qua bang 5.
TT Phan cap viing phii hgp Tdng
1 2 3 4
Viing rat phu hpp (SI) Viing phu hop (S2) Vimg it phii hop (S3) Vung khdng phii hop (N)
Huyen Nam Dong DiSn tich (ha)
64.764.24 5.821.92 17.743,14 37.879,53 3.319,65
Tyle(%) 100,00
8,99 27,40 58,49 5,13
Huyen A Luoi Dien tich (ha)
122.519,31 5.300.24 47.775,89 63.940,30 5.502,88
Ty le (%) 100.00
4,33 38,99 52,19 4.49 Bang 5 cho thay dien tich b timg viing phii hop
phan bd d 2 huyfin nhu sau:
- Vung rat phii hop (SI): O huyfin Nam Dong vimg ndy cd 5.821,92 ha chiem 8,99%. Ddi vdi huyfin A Ludi cd difin tich Id 5.300,24 ha chiem 4,33%.
- Viing phu hpp (S2): O huyfin Nam Dong cd difin tich Id 17.743,14 ha ehidm 27,40%. Ddi vdi huyfin A Ludi cd difin tich Id 47.775,89 ha chiem 38,99%.
- Vung it phii hpp (S3): O huyfin Nam Dong cd difin tieh Id 37.879,53 ha chiem 58,49%. Ddi vdi huyfin A Ludi cd difin tich la 63.940,30 ha chiem 52,19%.
Vung nay d 2 huyfin deu chiem dien tich kha Ion.
Bang 6. K^t qua phan chia viing sinh thdi
-Vungkhdngphuhpp(N):'V\ing nay chiem dien tieh nho, eu tiie d huyfin Nam Ddng cd 3.319,65 ha chiem 5,13% va huyfin A Ludi Id 5.502,88 ha chiem 4,49%.
3.3. Ddnh gid vai trd vd tdm quan trpng cua cdc y^u td xa hdi
De khdo sat miic dp anh hudng eiia tiing yeu td den eay Sao den nhu the ndo can phan chia ra cdc vimg sinh thai khdc nhau dtra vao su phdt tnen cua CO sd' ha tang va miic dp phdt trien ciia xa hdi tuong ddi ddng nhat. K^t qua phan chia cdc vung sinh thai trfin dia ban hai huyfin thdnh 4 viing smh thai tirong ling Al, A2, A3, A4 dupe the hifin d bdng 6.
trfin dia bdn hai huyfin Nam Ddng vd A Ludi Viing sinh
thai
Huyfin Nam Ddng Cac xa trong viing
Huyfin A Ludi Cac xa trong vimg Thi tran Khe Tre, Hirong Hda,
Huong Hiiu, Huong Giang
Thi tran A Ludi, A Ngo, Son Thiiy, Hdng Thugng, Hong Quang
Huong Phii, Huong Son Bdc Son, Hdng Bac, Hdng Ha, Hdng Kim, Hdng Thdi, Nham
Huong Loc, Thupng Ld Huong Phong, Huong Lam, Phii Vinh, Huong Nguyfin, A Roang, Ddng Son
A4 Thugng Long, Thirong Nhat,
Thugng Qudng Hdng Trung, Hdng Thuy, Hdng Van
Sau khi phan viing sinh thai thdnh eac nhdm tuong ddng, de thuan loi cho vific tinh toan, tich hgp va phan cap miic dd phii hop da quy ddi miic dp uu tifin thanh he sd quy dot. Ket qua xdc dinh ti-png sd (miie do uu tien) cua cac viing sinh tiidi cho cay Sao den ti-fin dia ban hai huyfin Nam Dong va A Ludi dugc the hifin dbang 7.
Ket qua d bang 7 cho thay:
- 6 huyfin Nam Dong: Vimg sinh thdi A3 (cdc xa Huong Loc, Thugng Ld) cd mirc dd uu tifin cao nhat.
Uu tifin thii 2 la viing sinh thdi A2 (cdc xa Huong Phii, Huong Son), thii 3 la viing sinh thai A4 (cac xa
Thuong Long, Thugng Nhat, Thuong Quang) va cudi Cling la viing sinh thai Al (Thi tran Khe Tre va cdc xa Huong Hda, Huong Hiiu, Huong Giang).
- 6 huyfin A Ludi: Viing sinh thdi A3 (cdc xa Huong Phong, Huong Lam, Phii Vinh, Huong Nguyfin, A Rodng, Ddng Son) ed miic dd uu tien cao nhat. Uu tien tiiii 2 la vimg sinh thai A4 (cdc xa Hdng Trung, Hdng Thuy, Hdng Van), thii 3 Id viing sinh thdl A2 (cac xa Bdc Son, Hdng Bac, Hdng Ha, Hong Kim, Hdng Thdi, Nham) va cudi ciing Id viing sinh thdi Al (Thi tran A Ludi va cac xa A Ngo, Son Thuy, Hong Thugng, Hdng Quang).
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Bang 7. K^t qua mih: dO mi th^ cho cdy TT
1
2 Huyen
Nam Ddng
ALudi
Vimg smh thai Al A2 A3 A4 Al A2 A3 A4
ddn ciia timg viing sinh Sao den
Miicdd uu tien 0,0437 0,0616 0.0867 0.0579 0.0492 0,0564 0,0734 0,0711
He sd quy ddi 0,1 0,3 0,4 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,4 0,3 3.4. Xdy dung ban dd phii hpp trdng rung Sao den trfin dia ban hai huy§n Nam Ddng vd A Ludi trfin CO sd tich hpp cdc nhan td sinh thdi vd cdc y^u td xa hdi
Sau khi tdng hpp diem phii hpp ciia eac nhdn td sinh thdi va cdc yeu td xa hdi, ket qud xay dung ban dd phdn vimg phii hgp eho cay Sao den dupe the hifin d hinh 3.
Hinh 3. Ban dd phan vting thich hpp cho lodi cay Sao den
Sd lifiu tong hop dien tich cac viing phan cap miie dp phii hop cho trong Sao den tren dia ban 2 huyen Nam Dong vd A Ludi dugc the hifin qua bang 8.
TT
Bang 8. Tdng hop Phan cap viing phii hgp
Tdng 1
2 3 4
Vimg rat phii hop (SI) Viing phii hop (S2) Viing it phii hop (S3) Vimg khong phii hop (N)
di$n tich phan vimg phd hop loai Huyen Nam Ddng Dien tich (ha)
64.764,24 10.099,40 14.357,72 33.857.95 6.449.17
Tyle(%) 100,00
15,59 22,17 52,28 9,96
cay Sao den Huyen A Ludi Dien tich (ha)
122.519,31 17.670.03 41.387.94 52.246,92 11.214.42
Tyle(«) 100,00
14,42 33,78 42,64 9,15 Bang 8 cho thay difin tich d timg viing phii hop
phan bd d 2 huyfin nhu sau:
- Viing rat phii hpp (SI): 6 huyfin Nam Ddng viing nay cd 10.099,40 ha chiem 15,59% phan bd chu yeu b cac xa: Huong Ldc, Huong Phii, Huong Son, Thirpng Ld va mdt it d xa Thuong Long. Ddi vdi huyen A Ludi cd difin ti'ch Id 17.670,03 ha chie'm 14,42% phan bd chii yfiu b cdc xa: Huong Nguyfin, Huong Phong, Huong Lam, Hdng Ha va rdi rdc d" mdt sd xa khde.
- Vung phu hpp (S2): 6 huyfin Nam Dong cd difin tich la 14.357,72 ha chiem 22,17% phan bd chil yfi'u d cde xa: Thuong Quang, Thugng Ld, Thugng Nhat, Huong Ldc, Huong Phii, Huong Son va mgt it b cac xa khac. Ddi vdi huyen A Ludi cd difin tich la 41.387,94 ha chiem 33,78% phan bd ehu yeu b cdc xa:
A Rodng, Huong Lam, Huong Nguyfin, Huong
Phong, Hdng Ha, Nham, Phii Vmh, Hdng Thai va rai rac d mgt sd xa khae.
- Vimg it phu hpp (S3): 6 huyen Nam Dong la vimg cd difin tieh Idn vdi 33.857,95 ha chiem 52,28%
phan bd chu yfiu b cac xa: Thugng Quang, Thupng Nhat, Thupng Id, Thuong Long, Huong Loc, Huong Phti vd mdt it d- cac xa khac. Ddi vdi huyfin A Ludi day la vting cd difin tieh Idn nhat vdi 52.246,92 ha chie'm 42,64% phan bd chii yeu d cdc xa: Huong Nguyfin, Huong Phong, Hong Ha, Hdng Thugng, Hdng Thuy, Hdng Thdi, Hdng Tmng, Hdng Van, Son Thuy va d mdt it d cac xa khdc.
- Viing khdng phit hop f7\^;Vung nay chiem difin tich nhd, cu tiie d huyen Nam Dong cd 6.449,17 ha chiem 9,96% va huyen A Ludi la 11.214,42 ha chiem 9,15%, dien tich ndy tiiy nhd nhung phan bd rdi rdc hau het d cdc xa fren dia ban 2 huyfin.
87
KHOA HOC CONG NGHl 3.5. X ^ dung ban dd quy hoach viing trdng riing
loai cay Sao den
Tien hanh chdng xep ban dd quy hoach 3 loai rimg va ban dd hifin trang su dung ^ t vao ban do phan vung thich hop eho cay Sao den de sdng Ipe cac
doi tupng anh huong true tiep den miic do phii hpp d^ quy hoach vimg thich hpp cho ti-dng ning gd Idn.
I ^ t qud xay dung ban dd quy hoach vimg phii hpp cho trdng rimg Sao den tren dia ban huyfin Nam Dong vd A Ludi dupe the hifin d hinh 4.
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- Sd hfiu tdng hpp difin ti'ch quy hoach vung phu hpp trdng rung Sao den tren dja bdn hai huyfin Nam Dong va A Ludi dupe the hifin qua bang 9.
Bang 9 cho thay difin tich quy hoach trdng ning Sao den cung da thay ddi rat nhifiu so vdi bdn dd
phan vimg phii hpp, dac bifit Id viing khdng phii hpp difin tich tang Ifin rat nhifiu sau khi chdng xep ban dd quy hoach 3 loai rimg, ban do hifin trang sii dung dat va sang loc cdc doi tupng de dua vao quy hoach trfin dia bdn huyfin Nam Dong va A Ludi.
TT
Bang 9. Tdng hop didn Phan cap vimg phu hop
Tdng 1
2 3 4
Vung rnt phii hop (SI) Vimg phii hop (S2) Vimg it phii hop (S3) Vimg idiong phu hop (N)
tich qtty ho?ich viing phu hpp trdng cay Sao den Huyen Nam Ddng
Dien tich (ha) 64.764.24
4.947,40 10.010,18 21.053,01 28.753,65
Tyle(%) 100,00
7,64 15.46 32,51 44,40
Huyen A Ludi Dien tich (ha)
122.519,31 12.197,99 28.797,27 34.237.45 47.286.60
Tyle (90 100,00
9,96 23,50 27,94 38,60 Vimg dugc quy hoach cho trdng ning Sao den la
vimg rdt phu hpp va phii hpp, cu the nhu sau:
- Ddi vdi huyfin Nam Ddng: Vimg quy hoaeh cho trdng rimg cd tdng dien tieh la 14.957,58 ha chiem 23,1%, trong dd:
+ Viing rdt phu hpp (SI): Cd difin tich la 4.947,4 ha chiem 7,64%, difin tich vung ndy phan bd chu yeu b cac xa: Thupng Ld, Huong Loc, Huong Phii, Huong Son va mot it d cac xa khac.
-f- Vung phu hpp (S2): Vimg nay cd difin ti'ch la 10.010,18 ha chi^m 15,46% phan bd chii yeu d cdc xa:
Thucmg Quang, Thupng Nhat, Thucmg Long, Thugng Ld, Huong Loc, Huong Phii, Huong Scm va mdt it d cdc xa lan can.
- Ddi vdi huyfin A Ludi: Vung quy hoach cho trdng rimg cd tdng dien tich la 40.995,26 ha chiem 33,46%, trong do:
-1- Vimg rat phii hgp (SI): Cd difin tich la 12.197,99 ha chiem 9,96% la dupe phan bd chu y^u b cdc xa: Huong Nguyfin, Huong Lam, Hong Ha, Ddng Son vd rai rac d mdt sd xa khde.
+ Vimg phti hgp (S2): Day la vimg cd dien tieh tuong ddi Idn vdi 28.797,27 ha chifim 23,5% phan bd chu yeu d cdc xa: A Rodng, Huong Ldm, Huong Nguyfin, Huong Phong, Hdng Ha, Hdng Thuy, Phii Vinh vd mdt it d cac xa khdc.
Vimg khong quy hoach la vimg it phd hpp va khong phii hpp, day Id vimg cd difin tich rat Idn vdi tong difin tich ti-fin 2 huyfin Id 131.330,71 ha. Trong do difin tieh d huyen Nam Dong la 49.806,66 ha chiem 76,9%, dien tich cr huyfin A Ludi la 81.524,05 ha chiem 66,54%. Day la cac ddi tupng chii y^u Id rimg til nhifin giau, rimg tii nhifin trung binh, dat mat nude, dat khac, dat ngoai quy hoach lam nghifip....
KHOA HOC CONG NGHt
4. KH UliN xa Huong Nguyen. Huong Lam, Hdng Ha, Ddng Son.
Nghien cim da ling dung cac ky thuat GIS va A Roang, Huong Phong, Hdng Thuy, Phii Vinh.
phan tich da tidu chi (AHP) dd tich hop cac nhan td TAI UEU TIUM MUD
sinh thai va cac yen td xa hdi tao ra ban dd viing phii . M™..,A \r~ -n. • /^r„n\ „ ,- , : • . <- i .1- • .,- V. ,- . X, •'- Nguydn Van Thuan (2015). Huong dan Irt hop trong rung Sao den tren dia ban huyen Nam fi,„At t^A„„ ..A .* T^ - . a ^ - . , . .
. , 7 ,r. , . , I o . thuat ti-ong cay sao den. Du an "Khoi phuc rimg va Ddng va A Luoi^ Vung phu hop trong cay Sao den „„j„ , j ^ ^ ^ .^ ^ ^ ^ ^,^ ^^^
(dien tich phu hpp va rat phu hgp) o huydn Nam Q ^ J ^ ^ ^gai, Binh Dinh va Phu Yen - Du an KfW6"
Dong la 24.457 12 chidm 37,76%. Viing phii hop https-.//daln.gov.vn/vi/ac78a891/huong-dan-ky- tiong cay Sao den o huyen A Luoi la 59.058,24 thuat-tt-ong-cay-sa<>den.hhnl
chiem 48,2%.
. ^. ,, , , . , , 2. Saaty, T. L (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Da chong xep ban do quy hoach 3 loai rung va p^^^^^^ McGraw Hill International,
ban dd hien trang sii dung dat vao ban do phan viing
thich hop cho cay Sao den de sang loc cac ddi tuong ^' ^^^' T- L and Vargas, L G. (2000). Models, anh huong tiuc tidp ddn muc dd phii hop dd quy Methods, Concepts and AppHcations of the Analytic hoach vimg thich hop cho trdng rtmg gd Idn. Ket qua ™ ™ | ; ^ ^ ' ^ ' ' " ' ' ' ^°''™- " ™ ' ' '^"="'™'"
viing quy hoach cho trdng rimg Sao den d huyen
Nam Ddng cd tdng didn tich la 14.957,58 ha chiem 4- Trin Thi Bang Tam (2006). Giao tiinh Hd 23.1% tap ti-ung chu yeu o cac xa Thuong Ld, Huong thdng thong tin dia ly. Trudng Dai hoc Ndng nghiep Ldc, Huong Phu, Huong Son, Thuong Quang, Ha Npi, Ha Npi.
Thuong Nhat, Thupng Long va huyen A Ludi cd tdng 5. UBND tinh Thira Thidn - Hue. Ke hoach phat didn tich la 40.995.26 ha chiem 33,46% tap tiling d cac trien rimg tidng gd Idn ti-en dia ban tmh Thira Thien -
Hud giai doan 2017-2020.
PLANNING SUITABLE AFFORESTATION AREAS FOR Hopea odorata IN TWO MOUNTAINOUS DISTRICTS IN THUA THIEN - HUE PROVINCE
Vu Thi Thuy Trang, Tran Trung Quoc, Ngo Tung Due, Le Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Duy Phong Summary
Tins research was carried out to build a planning of suitable afforestation areas for Hopea odorata to improve the effectiveness of big-size umber plantation according to the plan of developing btg-size timber plantations of Thua Thien - Hue People's Committee in tire period of 2017-2020. Application of GIS techniques to assess the status of factors affecting the development of the Hopea odorata. Results: (1) Consblicting an adapted map from 6 layers of monopbyleUc maps are soil type map. soil layer depth, temperahire, precipitation, slope, height and establishing a map of suitable potenUal zones for the Hopea odonta m the two districts of Nam Dong and A Luoi by overlapping typical maps and mformation analysis;
(2) Analysing the influent level of social factors are: people's awareness, economy (invesunent capacity), policy support and risk level to determine prionties for ecological regions of the Hopea odorata. (3) Establishing maps and suitable zoning data for planHng Hopea odorata plantattons in Nam Dong and A Luoi dishicts based on overlapping appropriate zoning maps from ecological factors with prionty of social factors; (4) On the basis of overlapping the map m accordance with the land use staUis map and the planning map of the three forest types, this research has planned the suitable areas for plauttng Hopea odorata plantations in Nam Dong and A Luoi districts.
Keywords: Hopea odorata. aSorestation planning, Nam Dong, A Luoi.
Ngudi phan bi^n: TS. Pham Thd Anh Ngdy nhin bM: 20/02/2019 Ngiy thdng qua phin bidn: 20/3/2019 Ngiy duydt ding: 27/3/2019
