GIflO DUC DflO TflO KHOfl HOC CONG NG m
TO CHlit; KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE
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NHIN Tiif GOC DO LIEN KET NGHIEN Cl)ll KHOA HOC- DAO TAO- silN XUKT KINH DOANH
Th.s Nguyin Dang Hai Hgc vien Ky' thugt Qudn su
Bii viit niy de cap din vin de nhin nhin vide thuc hidn iidn kit vidn- trudng vi doanh nghidp tU gdc dd ti ehUe khoa hgc va cdhg nghd (KH&CN), xuit phit tif quan nidm cho rang ti ehUe ii mdt trong nhUhg khau gin lien vdi vi ed inh hudng idn din kit qui thue hidn nhidm vu lidn ket Bai bao trinh biy cae dang tichUe ea ban va ban ve vide van dung cac dang ti chUe niy trong hoat ddng iidn kit vidn- trudng- doanh nghidp trong cic pham vi iidn kit giUa cac vidn, trudng, doanhjighjdp ddc lap, lien kit trong ndi bd cac vidn, trudng hay doanh nghiep va lidn kit quoc ti.Vide nhin nhan vi van dung dOng din cic dang to chUe trong tiiue thi nhidm vu iidn kit se mang iai hidu qui eao han.
1
Dat van deKH&CN ^ cung GD&DT da thiic sir trd thdnh qudc sach hang dau trong sti nghiep triln KT- XH. Cdc vien nghien cCfu, cac nhd trUdng vd doanh nghiep cd muc tieu chung Id pliat triln KT- XH, do do can lien kdt chdt che, ho trp thdc day nhau cdng phdt triln va han chd tdi da nhtfng ydu kem cda mil ffnh viic.
Lien kdt gida vien, trudng vd cdc doanh nghiep tren thtic td Id lien kdt ve ngudn liic (nhdn Itic, tdi liic, vdt luc, thong tin vd td chdc), phdi hpp/hd trp muc tieu, nhiem vu vd chia se Ipi i'ch de phat huy mdt manh vd khac phuc mdt ydu cda moi thdnh vidn.
Tren co sd co cau td chdc vd chdc ndng nhiem vu cda minh, cdc vien nghien cCfu, trudng dai hpc vd doanh nghiep dtia trdn cdc nhdm nhiprfi vtJ cd kha ndng lien kdt, xdc (Knh rd npi dung, phUdng thdc lien kdt, dd ra cac yeu clu vd ngudn luc va hinh thdnh cdc td chdc" lien kdt 6e thtic hien cdc nhiem vu nay.
Viec hidu bidt ve cdc dang co
cd'u td chdc vd ddc diem cda chdng Id can thidt 6e liia chpn vd hinh thdnh cac td chdc mdi trong lien kdt nham dat dUdc hieu qua cao nhat.
Nghien cdu ve lien kdt trong ddo tao, nghien cdu khoa hpc va dicih vu gida cac trudng dai hpc, vien nghien cdu vd doanh nghiep da dupc cdc nhd khoa hpc, cdc td chdc khoa hpc tren thd gidi thUc hien td nhieu thdp ky trudc "[1]. Ly thuydt vd phuong phdp cung nhu md hinh vd phuong thdc lien kdt dd dUdc cdc hpc gia phdt tridn vd Cmg dung rnpt cdch thidt thtic [2, 3]. 6 Viet Nam, nghien cdu vd hdp tdc gida vien, tmdng vd doahh nghiep, tuy da cd, song van cdn rd't thua thdt. Mdt so cdng trinh nghien cCfu dang ke nhu bdi "Hop tdc trong khoa hpc" cda DP Qudc Anh, "Xdy diing md hinh hpp tdc gida cdc tri/dng dai hpc- vien nghien curu- doanh nghiep" tai Hpi thao "Hpp tdc dai hpc- vien nghien cCfu- doanh nghiep" tai Dai hoc Qudc gia Hd Npi, thing 6 ndm 2010; nghien cdu vd "Nhifng nhdn td anh hudng ddn lien kdt vien, tmdng vdi doanh nghiep" cda tdc gia Hodng Xudh Long thdng 5
ndm 2009. Thdng 12 ndm 2010, Hpi thao ve "Lien kdt vien, trifdng vd cdc doanh nghiep nhd vd vUa thdc day ddi mdi vd chuyen giao cdng nghe" do APCTT- ESCAP vd NASATI- MOST td chdc tai Ha Ndi, trong dd cd bdi cda tac gia LP Thi Khanh Vdn ve "Tinh hinh lien kdt gida vien, trUdng dai hpc vd doanh nghiep nho v l viia d Viet Nam". Nhdhg nghien cdu tren cho thd'y cdn rd't nhieu khfa canh lien quan ddn lien kdt yien- trudng- doanh nghiep can dupc lam ro hdn nda, trong dd cd vd'n de ve td chdc KH&C>J vd cac dang md hinh lien kdt.
Td thuc trang tren, cd t h l thay viec nghien cdu cdc dang td chdc td gidc 66 lien kdt gida cdc vien, trudng va doanh nghiep la can thidt vd cd y nghTa thiic tiin trong giai doan day manh lien kdt hien nay.
2. Cac dang to chdc cd ban va dac diem cua chung [4]
2.1. TdchQccahgc Dd Id loai td chdc cd cdu trdc theo chdc ndng, dupc xem nhu mpt tap hdp cac vj tri cdrig tdc dupc xdc djnh rd rang, s i p
KinbteJ'bat trien
71r^ •|flO DUC DflO TflO - KHOfl HOC Vfl CONG NGHe
< thanh thd bac va quy dinh r o m d i quan he gida chdng bang vdn ban.
Trong td chdc cd hpc, ngudi qijan ly vd ngudi bi quan ly deu xdc dinh dupc ro rdng nhiem vu, quyen ban vd hdnh dpng cda minh. Mpi ca nhdn hdnh dpng theo quy dinh phtj thupc vao nhiimg nguyen tac da dUdc xdc dinh trong cdc luat le dupc ban hanh trong td chdc.
Td ddc dilm cda td chdc cd hpc cho thay loai hinh td chdc nay Id dn dinh, thich hpp vdi nhtfng nhiem vu da dUdc xdc djnh td tri/dc, cd hinh thdc phdn cap ro rang, de dang quan ly. NhUpc diem Id khi nhiem vu thayddi thi khd thich dng nhanh, d i n ddn hieu qua kem.
2.2. Td chiic huu co To chdc hiiru co la loai td churc cd cd cau td chdc vd cd chd cd the d i ddng thay ddi theo nhtfng yeu cau mdi cda nhiem vu. Mpt trong nhtfng cau trdc hiifU co dupc sd dung Id td chdc thuc hien dii dn hay don gian gpi Id ciu true dii in, trong dd, tuy theo tfnh chat cda nhiem vu md cd thd dieu dpng con ngUdi td cdc td chdc khdc nhau dudi sii chl huy cda chd nhiem dti dn. Khi hodn thdnh nhiem VIJ cac thdnh vien lai trd lai CO quan cu de Idm viec nhU trudc dd.
So vdi cd'u true cd hpc, cau true dti an mem dio, linh boat hon. Id he md, de thfch nghi vdi bidn dpng cda mdi trUdng, vdi sti canh tranh hodc hdp tac vdi cdc td chdc khdc de thtic hien cdc nhiem vu khdc nhau.
Tuy vay, cau true dti an cung cd nhupc diem Id do khdng phai Id cd'u trdc ben, Idu ddi nen anh hudng den nhtfng van 6e khdc nhu ddo tao, bdi dudng nhdn Itic, xdy dting ngudn vdt Itic, tin Itic,... cung nhu su tidn bp, phat trien cda cd nhdn cac thanh vien.
2.3. TdchOc ma tran- Mo hinh td chiic hi^n dai
^Td chdc ma trdn Id loai hinh td chdc cd cau true dUdc hinh thanh td sti tich hdp cau true cd hpc vd cau true d\S dn. Cau trdc cd hpc vd cau trdc dti an trong cau true ma trdn dUdc sd dung bidn hod lan nhau mdc dd cd sii khac biet ve cd ban gida chdng.
Td ban chat cda cau trdc ma tran cho thay, loai cd'u true nay cd tfnh mem deo cao, kdt cau cu t h l theo yeu cau cda tCmg nhiem vu. Khi nhiem vtj tha^
ddi lai CO the hinh thdnh td chdc ma trdn mdi, do dd, no thich hpp vd mang lai hieu qua cao trong^mdi trudrig thay ddi.
Nhupc dilm chd yeu cda loai td chdc nay Id co cd'u chl dap cmg timg nhiem vu, do dd, viec quan tdm cda td chdc ddn viec xdy dung va phdt tridn ngudn luc cho cdc nhiem vu tidp theo Id hau nhu khdng cd.
2.4. Td chiic ao
To chdc ao Id sii tfch hdp cd'u true dli an hay cd'u true rna tran vdi mang rndy tfnh, vien thdng, tren cd sd sd dung cdc cdng cu tin hpc cari thiet. To chdc ao la td chdc rat linh hoat vd thuc sii CO dpng, gan nhu khdng bj han chd bdi khoang each. Ngdy nay, cau tmc ao dupc nghien cCfu khd manh me [5, 6, 7], cho thay td chdc ao cd nhieu tridn vong, song ddi hdi phai cd co sd ha tang hien dai vd nhdn Itic cd trinh dp cao ve cdng nghe thdng tin cung nhu ky ndng yd thdi quen quan ly tren he thdng thdng tin vd tin hpc.
Tdm lai, moi loai hinh to chdc cd ddc didm rieng vd hinh thdc cd'u trdc, cd che boat dpng, nhtfng uu vd nhUdc diem rieng trong viec td chdc thtic hien nhiem vu va phdt huy ndng Itic cda con ngudi va ddi hdi phai cd phUdng thdc quan ly thfch hdp.
NhCfng dieu tren cho thay, de thtic hien mtJC tieu lien kdt trong thUc hien nhiem vtJ gida vien nghien cdu vdi trudhg dai hpc va vdi doanh ngfiipp, khdng the khdng xem xet den
cd cau td chdc de van dung hieu gua cho moi trudng hpp CIJ the.
3. Cac dang to chdrc trong lien ket NCKH-DT-DN
3.1. Cdc thdnh phan cd ban cda vien, trudng va ddn vj doanh nghiep
Cac thanh co ban. tren phUdng dien lien kdt. ddi vdi cdc vien. trudng dai hpc vd doanh nghiep. ddc biet Id cac doanh nghiep ldn cd the kd den nhu sau.
3.1.1. Vidn nghidn eifu Cdc vien nghien cCfu. nhat la nghien cCfu chuyen ngdnh cd chdc ndng chd ydu la nghien cdu khoa hpc, phat trien cdng nghe, tim cdch Cmg dung cdc tharih tuu KH&CN v i o san xuat, kinh doanh. Ben canh dd, cdc vien cdn cd nhiem vu dao tao, ddc biet la ddo tao sau dai hpc, hudng dan thtic tap va tdt righiep cho sinh vien cac trudng dai hpc;
thuc hien chuyen giao cdng nghe. Id cdc thdnh tiiu nghien cdu cda chi'nh minh hay lam djch vu tu van, hUdng d i n cho cdc CO sd san xuat kinh doanh nam vumg vd Idm chd cac cdng nghe mdi, cdng nghe ngoai nhdp.
Td chdc ndng cd ban tren day cho thay, cdc td chdc, ddng thdi cung la nhtfng bp phdn trong co cd'u cda mpt vien CO lien quan ddn boat dpng lien kdt gdm:
- Cac td chdc thtic hien chdc ndng nghien cdu: Cac vien con trong vien Idn, cac phdng nghien cCfu chuyen sdu, phdng quan ly cdc boat dpng KH&CN, gpi chung id cdc jo chdc nghien cdu vd phat trien KH&CN cda vien.
- Cdc td chdc thtic hien chdc ndng dich vu: Lam dich vu la mpt chtJc ndhg khdng "the thidu cda cac vien nghien cdu nham nhanh chdng dua cdc tidn bp KH&CN vao thtic t i i n . Mdt khac, thdng qua djch vu, vien hd trd doanh nghidp ve khoa hoc ky thudt va nhin sU ho trd
khdc td doanh nghiep vdi muc dich hai ben cdng cd ldi. Djch vu cd the thtic hien qua ciac thing tdm KH&CN "thupc vien, hodc tnic tidp qua cdc vien hay cdc phdng nghien ciifu chuyen ngdnh.
- Cdc td chdc thtic hien chdc ndng ddo tao: Hoat dpng ddo tao lien quan ddn tat ca cdc td chdc vd cdn bp nghien cCfu cda vien, song do la nhiem vu thd hai nham mpt mdt phdt huy ndng Itic truyen dat kien thdc chuyeh sdu thupc hgdnh, gdp phan vdo sii nghiep ddo tao cdc chuyen gia caocap cho ngdnh. Mdt khdc, ho trp cho trudng, doanh nghiep trong thtic hien chdc ndng dao tao, ndng cao ndng Itic vd chat lupng ddo tao. Chdc ndng ddo tab d cdc vien thudng do Phong ddo tao hay phdng nghien cCfu v l hdp tdc phu trdch.
3.1.2. Trudng dai hgc Nhiem vu chfnh cda trudng Id thiic hien chdc ndng ddo tao. De ddo tao tdt va duy tri trinh dd vd nlng Itic ddo tao tien tidh cda nhd trUdng, cac giang vien cdn phai nghien cdu ichoa hpc, phdt tridn cdng nghe. Ddc biet nhd trudng Id noi chd ydu thi/c hien nhiem yu nghien cCfu co ban dUdi sir bad trd cda Nhd nudc. Ben canh dd, Nha trudng cung can gan vdi xd hpi, thiic hien hpc gan lien vdi hdnh, idy ddo tac) nhdn Itic phuc vu san xudt, phdt tridn i<T-XH lani muc tieu j;hd yeu.
Td dd cho thdy, cac td chdc co ban cda mpt trudng dai hpc cung vin Id:
Cdc td chdc thtic hien chdc ndng chfnh Id ddo tao (60-70% thdi lupng), ket hop nghien cCfu khda hoc, phat triln cdng nghe (30-40%), dudi dang cac khda hpc thudt.
- Cdc td chdc thtic hien chdc ndng nghien cCfu khoa hpc va phat trien cdng nghe, nghien cdu dng dijng, dUdc the hien dudi dang cac vien trohg trudng, cdc trung tdm nghien cdu,... thudng xuyen, nghien
GIflO DUC DflO TflO KHOfl HOC CONG NG
cdu thtic hien de tdi, dti an.
- Cdc td chdc dich vu KH&CN, thtic hien chCfc ndng dich vu, nhu ddo tao cdp nhdt kidn^t'hdc ve KH&CN md'i, chuyen giao cdng nghe vd cdc hinh thdc dich vu khdc cho doanh nghiep hay vien, trudng khdc, dudi dang cac trung tdm dich vu cda nhd trudng hodc thdng cjua cdc boat dpng d|ch VIJ tnic tidp cda cdc khoa, (idc vien trong tmdng.
3.1.3. Doanh nghidp
Chdc ndng chfnh cda doanh nghiep la san xuat kinh doanh.
Tren phUdng dien lien kdt, cdc td chdc cCia doanh nghiep cd thd kd ddn: Cac vien nghien cdu cda doanh nghiep; Cac phdng san xud't kinh doanh, phdng ky thuat hay phdng cdng nghe. Thf du, Intel cd hdng loat cdc vien nghien cCfu phdt tridn tren todn cau [8].
Ndi cdch khdc, mpt doanh nghiep cd the cd cac td chdc:
San xuat kinh doanh.
- Td chdc nghien curu ddi mdi cdng nghe.
- Td chdc chdm lo ddn sti phdt tridn cda con ngudi trong doanh nghiep thdng qua viec td chdc dao tao, bdi dudng cap nhdt kidn thdc,... (phdng nhin sti)
3.2. Td chiic lien kit ciia vien, tru&ng va doanh nghiep
3.2.1. Phin loai cic ti chiie lidn kit vidn, trudng vi doanh nghidp
a) Vd mdt pham vi, hoat dpng lien ket cda vien, trudng v l cda doanh nghiep cd the chia thdnh: Lien ket vdi cdj:
ddn vi ben ngodi va lien kdt trong pham vi npi bp vien, trudng hole doanh nghiep. Do dd, to chdc lien kdt cung cd:
Td chdc lien kdt vdi cac vien, trudng vd doanh nghiep khdc trong vd ngodi nudc;
To chdc lien kdt trong npi bp moi vien, trudng hay doanh nghiep.
b) Vd mdt npi dung, boat
dpng, lien ket cd the cd:
- Lien kdt trong ddo tao;
Lien kdt trong nghien cdu khoa hpc, phdt trien cdng nghe;
- Lien kdt thtic hien cdc dich VIJ nhu chuyep giao cdng nghe, hudng dan nghiep vu, phd bidn khoa hpc, cdng nghe, thu thdp, xd ly thdng tin,...
c) Ve hinh thdc td chdc cda td chdc lien kdt cd:
- To chdc hiifU cd vdi cau true du dn;
Td chdc ma trdn;
- Td chdc ao.
3.2.2. Nghien ciiu eae ITnh Vlfc vi cic dang to chUc iidn kit cu thi
a) Cic ITnh viie lidn kit giUa vien, trudng vdi doanh nghiep
Trudng dai hpc vd cdc vien nghien cdu Id nhiimg td chdc hoc thudt vda cd ly luan co ban, vda bdm sdt dUdc thtic tiin, thudng xuyen nghien cdu.
sdng tao san sinh ra cdc tri thdc, cdng nghe mdi vd khdng
ft nhumg phdt minh va sdpg tao do cd thd Idm thay ddi mpt cdch CO ban bp mdt cda cdng nghiep. Vien vd trudng vdi chdc ndng hghien cCfu ddo tao chl khac nhau ve ty le thdi gian ddnh cho cdc boat dpngjidy, nen ve ndi dung, tfnh chat vd hinh thdc'td chdc cda lien kdt cda vien vd trudng vdi doanh nghiep ve cd ban Id nhii nhau.
Vl vly, d ddy khdng can thidt tdch bach trudng va vien.
Vdi cdc chdc ndng vd co cau thdnh phan td chdc cda vien. trudng vd doanh nghiep nhu dd trinh bdy tren ddy, lien kdt vien, trudng vdi doanh nghiep'cd thd xay ra trong ffnh viic hop tdc nghien cdu phdt tridn cdng nghe, xdy dung cdc doanh nghiep" KH&CN hay vudn uom cdng nghe. chuyen giao cdng nghe hay hudng ddn. dao tao d l Idm chd cdng nghe.
Vien. trudng cd t h l gdi y.
gidi "thieu vdi doanh nghiep nhiimg thdnh qua minh dd cd.
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IflO DUC DflO TflO - KHOfl HOC CONG NGHe
(Jong nghe minh da lam chd va nhdng h i i u bidt khac ma doanh nghiep cd t h l sd dung trong de xuat nhiem vu iien kdt. Vien. trudng cung cd t h j de xui't nhiem vu lien ket mang tfnh cdng cpng tac nghien cCfu thdng qua chia se ngudn Itic: nhan Itic. may mdc thidt bi thd nghiem vd tdi chfnh.... cung vdi viec chia se quyen Ipi. Id kdt qua cda lien kdt nghien cC/u.
Doanh nghiep cd thd chd dpng de xud't vdi vien nghien ctiu ve muc tieu ddi mdi cdng nghe. hodn thien ky thudt.
phdt tridn san xuat kinh doanh vd phdt tridn ngudn liic cda minh trong nhifng giai doan nhat dinh 6e 6e nghi vien.
trudng cpng tdc. Trong quan he lien kdt nay. doanh jighiep thudng Id ngudi dam bao kinh phf. ddng thdi cung tham gia trong cdc qua trinh thiic hien cac nhiem vu lien kdt.
De jien kdt ben viimg cdc ben can chu y ddn ldi feh cda ddi tdc, trong do ldi i'ch ve sd hifu trf tue can ddc biet lam rd ngay td dau.
Vd td chdc, cd the liia chpn mpt trong cdc dang nhu td chdc du dn, td chdc htfu cd vd td chdci ao 6e thtic hien lien kdt gida 2 ddi tac: Vien vdi doanh nghiep, trudng vdi doanh nghiep hodc gida 3 ddi tdc vien, trudng va doanh nghiep, tuy theo tfnh chat, trinh 66 khoa hpc, mdc 66 phdc tap v l tam cd cda nhiem vu lien kdt.
b) Lien kit giifa trudng va vidn
Trudng vd vien Id cdc don vj hpc thudt cd chdc ndng, nhiem vtJ gan tuong tu nhu nfiau, deu Id noi san sinh ra trf thdc mdi, cdng nghe mdi vd thtic hien nghTa vu truyen thu kien thdc.
Hpp tdc giiifa trudrig va vien thi/dng ft dUdc dd cap tudhg minh, nhd't la dd'i vdi cac nUdc phuong Tay, cac vien nghien cCfu da phan thupc doanh nghiep. [)o dd, ndi lien ket trudrig dai hpc- doanh nghiep
(hay cdng nghiep) da ham y trong dd cd lien ket vien- trudng. O mpt sd nudc nhu Tmng Qudc, Nga, Viet Nam,...
he thdng cac vien nghien cdu cdng lap vd he thdng tmdng dai hoc tdn tai song song. Do dd, van de lidn kdt vien- trudng dupc ddt ra ro rdng hon vd mdu sac lien kdt cung khdc hon.
Trong dd, lien kdt vien- trUdng (ngodi doanh nghiep) nham cdc muc dfch chd yeu sau:
- Tan dung dupc ngudn nhdn li/c, nhat Id nhdn liic cao cap cda cac ben ddi tac, giai quydt van de thidu nhdn Itic cda ca trUdng vd vien.
Tao dieu kien 6e hinh thdnh" va thiic hien nhiimg nhiem vu KH&CN phdc tap, cd tam c5 vd sdc anh hudrig Idn 6en kinh td- xd hdi, dap Cmg nhu cau CNH-HDhi dd't nUdc.
- G i n nghien cdu vdi ddo tao, ddo tao vdi nghien cdu 6e tri thdc mdi nhanh chdng dupc chuyin tai ddn ngudi hpc, ndng cao bleu qua sd dung tri thufc mdi, ddng thdi gdp phan khac phuc khd khdri trong giai quydt nhumg van de khoa hipc ky thudt can den nhumg tri thCfc CO bah hodc chuyen nganh sdu cda vieh/tmdng.
Ndng cao tinh thtic tiin trong hpc tap, tao dieu icien 6e sinh vieh cd dieu kien thtic tap, hodn thien quy trinh hpc tap thiic tiin mpt cdch hoan chlnh.
- Tao dieu kien 6e can bp cda vien tham gia ddo tao.
thdng c^ua dd chuan bj ngudn nhdn liic tUdng lai cho cac vien.
Tao didu kien de cdc ben ddi tdc thu dupc ldi i'ch mpi mdt Idn hdn.
Oe thtic hien cdc npi dung vd muc dfch lien kdt nhu tren, dang td chdc thtic hien cdc nhiem vu lien kdt bung fat linh hoat va tdy vdo timg nhiem vu CIJ the cd the sd dung cac td chdc hdu cd vdi cau trdc du an, td chdc ma trdn hay td chdc ao.
3.2.3. Ti ChUc lidn kit trong
ndi bd mdi vidn, trudng hay doanli nghidp
ThUc hien lien kdt trong ddo tao, hghien c d u v d thtic hien dich vu trong mdi ddn vj vien, trudng hay doanh nghiep la nham huy dpng tdt nhd't ngudn Itic cda mirih 6e thtic hien chdc ndng vd nhiem vii dat ra.
Ddi vdi lien kdt npi bp cd nhiimg ddc diem sau:
+ Su lanh dao, chl dao la cd sii thdng nha't' trong hp thdng cda TrUdng/viep/td chdc SXKD; Muc dfch cda moi ddn vj thdnh vien nam tr(3ng muc dfch chung cda todn td chdc.
+ Chd 66, chfnh sach ddi vdi nhdn sii Id thdng nhat, ben canh nhifng ddc thd rieng da duoc xac djnh cda mdi don vi thdnh vien. Do do, dpi ngu can bp d i dang dieu chuyen md khdng vudng nhidu he luy ve thd tuc, chd dp,...
-I- Co sd vdt chat, ky thudt vd cdc mdt khac do cd sti chl dao thdng nhd't nen d i ding phdi hpp, didu dpng;
-I- Che 66 hudng thiJ, dai ngp ddi vdi cdc boat dpng khoa hpc, giao due, thtic nghiem,...
dupc thiic hien theo mpt quy dinh chimg bda don vi chfl quan.
Vdi nhifng uu diem tren, lien kdt trong npi bp, mpt vien, trudng hay ddn vi SXKD Id mpt td't yeu de thuc hien muc tieu chung cda td chdc, tah dung va phdt huy sdc manh tinh than va tri tue cda mpi ca nhan, 6an vj trong td chdc cho Slf nghiep phat tridn chung.
Oieu quan trpng Id de thiet lap dupc cdc hoat dpng lien k'et/ket hpp npi bp,'trudng, yien hay doanh nghiep can 6e ra dUdc he thdng cdc nhiem vu mang tinh lien kdt vd xdy dung dUdc quy chd hoat dpng npi bp, dam bao ldi feh chung vd ldi ich cda timg bp phan.
NhUdc diem cd ban cda cac mqi lieh ket npi bp chfnh l a d cho, trong mdi lien ket nay vin chl Id sd dtjng ngudn Itic (nhan Itic, vdt Itic", tdi Itic,...) cda ban
GIflO DUC DflO TflO - KHOfl HCX CONG N G F ^
than ddn vj minh nen cdn nhidu ban che ma mdt minh don vj khd cd the vudt qua;
khdng cd dUdc nhiimg hdi thd mdi td cdc dd'n vj khdc. Do dd, ben canh viec phdt huy tdi da kha ndng lieh kdt npi bp, vien.
trudng yd doanh nghiep'can'ra sdc md rpng lien ket vdi cac don vj ben ngodi vd vdi qudc td.
3.3. Lien kit tren pham vi quoc te
Cung vdi xu thd hpi nhdp vd todn cau hod ve kinh td vd KH&CN. lien kdt qudc td vd KH&CN Id mpt xu thd tat ydu vd ngay cdng phdt tridn manh me. Xu thd nay dupc thdc day bdi cdc ydu td sau ddy:
Trong jcu thd hpi nhdp kinh td qudc td. cdc doanh nghiep mudn tdn tai vd phat tridn 6o\
hdi phai liidn ddi mdi cdng nghe 6i cd ndng sua't vd chdt lupng san pham ngdy cdng cao, ddp cmg nhu cau cda khdch hang vd dam bao canh tranhjhang Ipi. Do dd, nhu cau ve ddi mdi cdng nghe, nhdp cdng nghe hien dai ngay cdhg nhieu.
- Sti giao luu vd kinh td dan ddn sii giao luu ve KH&CN
cung dupc day manh hon, lam xuat hien nhu cau tim hieu, hpc tap vd hod ddng ve trinh 66 KH&CN gida cdc nUdc.
- Cdc cdng ty Idn hay cdc cdng ty da qudc gia thudng phai tien hdnh viec nghien cCfu phdt tridn cdng nghe thudc ffnh vtic kinh doanh cda " minh khdng nhiimg d chi'nh qudc md cdn d ngay tai cdc nudc md ho dau tu de td chdc san xuat.
Viec nghien cdu khdng chl phdt trien chuyen mdn va ky thudt ddn thuan md cdn 6e phd hop vdi nhu cau cda cdc thj tmdng khac nhau.
Intel Id mpt hdng Idn. De dam bao boat dpng san xudt kinh doanh cda minh cd hieu qua tren pham vi todn cau, 6a thdnh lap ca mpt mang ludi cac vien nghien cdu cda minh d hdng chuc qudc gia td Chdu Au, Chdu Addn Chdu Oc, Chdu My md hoat dpng cda cac trung tdm nay gan kdt chdt che vdi nhau vd vdi cdc co sd khoa hoc cda cac nudc sd tai [8,9].
Ddi vdi nudc ta, Nen kdt gida cdc trudng, vien nghien cCfu trong nudc vdi cdc trudng, vien nghien cdu nudc ngodi 6a
dupc thidt lap td lau, dudi dang hpp tdc nghien cC/u, hpp tdc ddo tao dudi nhieu hinh thdc linh boat nhu xay dung chuong trinh hpp tdc; lap de tdi chung vd lap nhdm nghien cdu, hpp tac md cdc trung tdm dao tao md giang vien Id ngoai kdt hpp vdi npi; gdi cdn bp di ddo tao hay tham quan, thiic tap tai cd quan hay nudc la ddi tac, td chdc hpi nghi vd chan qudc td trong ngdnh y... Tuy vdy, hpp tdc khoa hpc cda Viet Nam vdi cdc nUdc cdn nhd, manh mdn vd chua khai thdc triet 6e tiem ndng to Idn cda sii hpp tac qudc td. Di lien kdt qudc td vd KH&CN phdt triln vd mang lai hieu qua cao, can thidt phai xdy dung mpt chidn lupc vd chfnh sdch hpp tdc phu hpp vdi thdi dai vd trinh 66 KH&CJN cda dd't nudc; timg budc xay dting cdc mang lien kdt qudc td vdi nhieu dang td chdc thiic hien cac nhiem vu lien kdt khdc nhau, trong do cd lien kdt ao, ddng thdi phai tich ctic chuan bi dpi ngu cdn bp cd trinh 66 cao vd theo hUdng lien kdt qudc td.n
Tai lieu tham khao:
1. Nguyen Duy Bio, To chifc KH&CN, Chuyen de Boi dudng KT-KT, Tn/dng Quan ly KH&CN Bd KH&CN, 2010.
2. Australian Government. Department of Education, Science and Training. Review of Clocer Collabo- ration between Universities and Major Public Funded Research Agencies, March 2004.
3. Emilia Bjeriestan and others. University does matter: An Empirical Study of examples of University - Industty Research Collaborations undertaken at Chalmers University of Technology. Chalmers University- 2005.
4. Ilkka Waananen. Development of Models for R&D intergrated learning in knowledge production - Fin- land, 2009.
5. Susana Elena Perez and others. Development an analytical framework for mapping, monitering an assessing transnational R&D collaboration in Europe. The case of the ERA Net's. JRC Scientific and Technical Reports.
6. Gaty M. Olson. Scientific Collaboration on Internet. Massachusetts - 2008.
7.Mark Lundy. Learning alliance with Development Partners. A framework for outsealing research out- puts. CIAT Annual Review.
8.Abstraet of Intel. Leadership in R&D: Intel Lab Europe -2010.
9.Barty J. Morris. Internationalizing the University: Theoty, practices, organiztion and execution. Joumal of Emerging knowledge on Emerging markets. Vol. 1, issue 1, November 2009.
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