Thuc tieh - Kinh Dghif m
^ao fiam quyen tiep can thong tin
O NCS. PHAM NGOC THONG Hpc Vien Bdo chi&Tuydn truyin
M
gi cdng dan ddu binh ddng trong viec tiep can thdng tin (TCTT).Thdng tin phai dugc cung cap kip thdi, chinh xac, day du, eong khai, minh bach. Nha nu&c tao dieu kien dd ngu&
ngudi thiA: hien quydn TCTT.
Ddy la ngi dung dug^ du thao Luat TCTT khdng djnh do Bd TU phap chii tri se dugc trinh tai ky hgp thUlO, Qudc hdi Khoa XIU.
TCTT trong linh v u t TN&MT khdng nam ngodi pham vi tac dgng cua duthao Luat nay.
Tiep c a n t h o n g t i n - q u y e n CO ban c u a c o n n g u d i
Trong xa hdi phat trien va hdi nhap ngay nay, vai trd cOa thdng tin rat quan trpng. Thdng tin la nhu d u thiet yeu trong mpi hoat dpng ciia ddi song xa hpi, la cdng cu d l dieu hanh quan ly, lanh dao cCia moi qudc gia, (a phuong tten hOfu hieu d l md rdng giao luu hieu biet giQa d c q u i c gia dan tpc, la nguon eung d p tri thCfe, cQng la nguon Iuc phat t r i l n KT-XH.
6 nudc ta, TCTT la mpt khai niem gan lien vdi qua trinh doi mdi va dupc xac lap lan dau tien trong Cuong ITnh Xay dung dat nude trong ttidi ky qua dp len C N X H . T h i che hoa dudng Idi ciia Dang, den nay Q u y l n TCTT eCta cdng dan va cd che bao dam quyen nay dupc the hien ngay d n g eao trong he thong phap luat Viet Nam: Hien phdp nam 1992 ghi nhan quyen dapc thdng tin ciia cdng dan va
Dieu 25 H i l n phap nam 2013 ttep tuc hien dinh eac nguyen tac thgc hien va han che quyen con ngadi, q u y l n edng dan trong dd cd quyen TCTT. Cu ttil hoa quy djnh cCia Hien phap, nhQng nam qua, Nha nadc ta da ban hanh nhieu van ban QPPL ve thgc hien va bao dam thgc hien q u y l n dupe thdng tin cOa d n g dan. Hien d khoang gan 50 Luat, Phap lenh ed ndi dung lien quan den Quyen TCTT, trong dd ro net nhat la Luat Phdng chong tham nhung va Nghj djnh 120/2006/ND-CP hudng dSn thi hanh Luat nay. Tuy nhien, thgc t i l n quyen nay b nudc ta hien nay cdn nhieu vudng mac, bat cap, chua dap (tng yeu d u hdi nhap va phat trien.
Tiep c a n t h o n g t i n t r o n g l m h v u c tai n g u y e n va m o i t r a d n g
Nghien ciiu vide TCTT trong Nganh TN&MT d t h i thay hai d p dp ChD y l u sau:
Thd nhat, TCTT tCf cdng tdc hoaeh djnh chinh saeh vd xdy dung phap ludt. Nganh TN&MT da ChD ddng edng khai, minh bach trong qua trinh hoach djnh chfnh sach, xay diing phap luat cDa Nganh. Thdng qua hdi thao, toa dam, d n g thdng ttn dien tit, ngudi dan cd the tham gia ddng gdp y kien vao eac d u thao van ban, di ca quan chCi tri tiep thu hoan thien.
ThU hai, thdng qua giai quydt yeu cdu TCTT cOa ngudi dan:
Nganh TN&MT la Nganh ed ddng
dao to chOfc va ca nhan cd nhu eau TCTT rat Idn. Thdng qua cac kenh nha: C i n g thdng tin dien tijf, cac CO quan bao chi, truyen thdng, qua hoat dpng ttip d n g d a n . . . Nganh da eung d p mdt khdi lupng Idn cae thdng tin T N & M T cd chat lapng, dap dfng yeu d u da dang, ngay mpt cao cao cDa cdng chiing.
Nganh TN&MT t a trung Udng den dia phuong ludn d i y manh cdng tac daa thdng tin d i n vdi d c t l chCfc, ea nhan, coi day la nhiem vu quan trpng, thgc hien eai each hanh chfnh, d o n g thdi tuyen tnjyen, p h i b i l n phap luat, nang eao y thQc traeh nhiem cDa cdng dong trong viec thgc hien phap luat ve TN&MT. Tai dja phUdng, nhQng thdng tin ve TN&MT thudng dugc ngudi dan quan tam la: Q H , KHSDD, ddn gia dat, trinh t g thQ tuc d a n g ky dat, boi t h a d n g G P M B , d c quy djnh v l khoang san, TNN, tinh hinh ONMT quanh khu vgc sdng, ttnh hinh d n h i l m ngudn nadc, khdng khf... Caeh thQc ngudi yeu d u cung d p thdng ttn chD yeu la hdi tren eong giao tiep dien tCf, yeu d u true ttep tai CO quan.
Nganh TN&MT thgc hien luu giQ eae tai lieu giay, cd sd dQ lieu s d tai Trung tam Cdng nghe thdng tin. Hien tai, da s d d e S d dang xay dgng co sd d u lieu ve dat dai, khoang san, nude, mdi tnidng, bao gom: Co sd dQ lieu ve dat cae t l chCfc, CO sd d u lieu tfch hpp
Tgi n g u y e n v g M o i t r u d n g | Ky 2-Thang 10/2015 2 9
TNN, CO sd dQ lieu khoang san, CO sd dQ lieu ve eo sd gay ONMT, ve chat thai, nguon thai cd nguy eo gay d nhilm, eac khu vuc bi d nhiem, suy thoai, dQ lieu quan trac mdi tradng, du lieu, thdng ttn ve DDSH... nham thgc hien td't viec cung d p thdng tin ve mdi tradng den vdi cpng dong.
Vudng mac va mot so de xuat Lay vi du trong ITnh vgc mdi tradng, Luat BVMT nam 2014 va cae van ban hudng dan thi hanh da c6 budc tien trong quy djnh ve dam bao quyln dupe eung cap thdng tin cDa ngudi dan. Tuy nhien, cae quy djnh bao dam quyen TCTT cDa chUa dupc thgc thi day dD. Khdng ft cd sd san xuat kinh doanh cd bdo cao DTM hoac cam kit BVMT ehua thue hien nghiem quy djnh cdng khai theo Dieu 104 Luat BVMT nam 2005. Ban than khdng ft chinh quyen dja phuong cung thay lung tCing ve each thQc bao dam quyen TCTT cDa ngudi dan doi vdi eae bao cao DTM va cae CBM da dang ky.
6 khdng ft Sd TN&MT, viec cung d p thong tin edn chaa doi khdp vdi nhau. Nhieu thdng tin dupc yeu cau, nhung cd quan ehUa ed thdng tin 6i cung ca'p;
khong dapc phep cung cap;
nhilu thdng tin can thie't lai chua dupe ca nhan, to chCfc quan tam ttm hilu.
NhQng bat cap trong thgc hien quyen TCTT neu tren co the dan den mot so he luy; e6 the bj ldi dung de true Ipi trong viec cung d p thdng tin, gay nen sU bat binh ding, thieu cdng bang trong xa hdi. Thdng tin khdng dupc cung d p mpt each chfnh thQc, kjp thdi din den viee ngudi dan ed the TCTT sai lech, anh hudng den ddi sd'ng san xuat, kinh doanh. Do
thieu thong tin, sg tham gia cDa nhan dan vao boat dpng QLNN cDa Nganh cdn ed nhCmg han chl. Viec thieu thdng tin eung anh hudng Irgc tiep den chat lupng, hieu qua d n g vide ciia cac eo quan QLNN, den nang igc thgc thi edng vu cDa can bd, eong chifc.
Ding thdi, la mdt trong eae nguyen nhan din den tinh trang ap dung phap luat khdng thong nhat, thilu binh ding, lam gia tang sg tuy tien, nhung nhieu, tieu cue cDa mdt bp phan edng chQc, vidn chCrc trong Nganh.
Di tiep tue day manh hdn nQa quyen dupe TCTT v l TN&MT trong thdi gian tdi, nhieu ehuyen gia eho rang, chung ta can tap trung thgc hien mot sd giai phap:
Mot la, Qudc hdi sdm xem xet va thdng qua Luat TCTT va tiep tuc the che quyen dupc TCTT vao trong cae quy djnh cDa phap luat, nham nhanh chdng dua eac quyen nay di vao cudc song.
Hai la, phan biet rd pham vi thong tin dupc tilp can va thong tin han che ttep can, TCTT trong mdt so trudng hpp dac biet, tren CO sd do xdc dinh ro chO the cd trach nhiem eung cap thdng tin;
quy djnh hinh thQc, trinh tg, thD tuc, thdi han cdng bo cdng khai thdng tin, cung d p thdng tin theo yeu d u nham bao quyen TCTT mdt each thuan tidn, nhanh chdng va it tdn kem nhat. Thdng tin han che tiep can d n dupc quy djnh cu thi, bao dam an toan thong tin ve bf mat nha nudc, bi mat kinh doanh, bf matca nhan...
Sa la, xay dgng co che cho viec cung cap thdng tin theo yeu d u . Ve CO ban, chua cd quy djnh mpt each day dii nham bao dam quyen TCTT cDa cdng dan, thieu cac quy djnh v l eae nguyen tac can tuan thD khi yeu d u va eung
cap thdng ttn theo yeu cau. cac quy djnh ve trinh tg, thD tuc yeu d u va cung d p thdng tin; ve thdi han, le phi cung d p thdng tin, thD tuc khieu nai va giai quyet khieu nai lien quan den cung cap thdng ttn... nim rai rac d cac van ban phap luat khae nhau vdi mCfc dp ehi ttIt kha khac nhau.
Bdn Id, hoan thien va cap nhat cd sd dQ lieu mdi trudng qude gia tao dieu kien thuan ldi cho tim kilm va TCTT. Hien nay, viec cdng khai thdng tin nim rai rac d nhieu eo quan qu^n ly va dapc quan ly, edng bo tren nhilu trang thdng tin dien tD, nidm yet cdng khai tai try sd... gay kho khSn trong viee thu thap va quan ly thdng tin. Mac du. Cue Cdng nghe thong tin - Bd TN&MT thgc hien Dg an Xay dgng eo sd dQ lieu Qud'c gia ve TN&MT ta 2010 - 2014 nhung den nay cd sd dQ lieu vln chaa hoan thien. Do dd, can tiep tuc hoan thien cO sd dQ lidu de xay dgng co sd ha tang thong nha't thdng ttn ve Nganh TNMT d cap trung uong va dja phUdng nham vQa bao dam viec thing nha't quan ly, vaa tao dieu kien cho ngadi dan tiep can eac thdng tin mdi trudng mdt each d he thdng va de dang.
ThU nam, tang cudng giam sat va xCf ly vi pham, khieu nai trong ITnh vgc cung d p thdng ttn. Quy djnh rd trach nhiem cDa CO quan eung d p thdng tin trong vide bao dam cae nguon lUc va bien phap can thilt cho viec thue hien quyln TCTT; traeh nhiem cDa cac bd, nganh, UBND cap tinh trong viec bao dam thgc hien quyln TCTT; giam sat viec bao dam thUe hien quyln TCTT; giai quyet khilu nai, t l cao; xCf ly vi pham trong cung d p thdng ttn.B
3 0 Tdi nguyen yg M6i trudng | Ky 2-Thang 10/2015
