Misc PHAIXI Tilr (ADIV) vdi DAC DI£IVI IMOMG-SIMH HOC

KHOA HPC C6MO NOH»

l\iGHl£l\l CLIU OUAIXI Ht GICTA D A DAIMG DI TRUY^IV D

Misc PHAIXI Tilr (ADIV) vdi DAC DI£IVI IMOMG-SIMH HOC CIJA S 4 DblXIG LAI VA D d ME CLJA CHLIIVG

Nguy&n Minh C:6ngS Khudt HQu TVung^, Nguy6nTl^n'niftng*,Nguyfa Minh AnhTMi*, Nguyfai VanTi(<p'

T6MTAT

24 ddng lai uu tu d F,va hai d6nff d^t bl^n bd m? (dAng lila tarn Xu&n Dai ddt bi^n sd 3 - 7XDDB3 va ddng Ilia Dy Hfti H$u dot bi^n sri 5 • DHHDB5) dfi dupe gleo trdng sang F,d vy miia 2011. LA Iiia d thdi di^m 30 ngiy sau khi cdy dupe diing d^ tach chi^t ADN, su dyng 31 cap md] SSR thudc cAc locus khac nhau 6i phSn tich. Chay PCR. di0n di sAn phdm PCR Ddng thdi x&c dinh 23 chi tl*u v* djc di^m n6ng-slnh hpc v4 chit lupng thdc g9o. Sd li^u dl^n di sdn phdm PCR va sd b^u v^ cAc chl ti«u nOng-sinh hpc va chdt lupng th6c gao n6i tr*n ciing dupe xi> Ijf, phAn tich bdng phdn m^m Excel version 5.0 va phdn m^m NTSYSpc 2.1 M phan nhdm va thi^t l$p so dd hinh cdy phAn anh quan h^ di truy^n giOa cAc ddng liia nghl^n cuu. Hai so d6 hinh cfly cd dang tuong ty, sd nhdm trong trudng hgp da dang dl truy^n ircip dd phAn tir (ADN) lA 7. trong tnidng hpp c6n 1^ lA 8 nhdm. ThAnh phdn d6ng ciia hdu h^t cAc nhdm v^ ca bAn lA gidng nhau. K^t quA dA cho thdy; sy da dang trong kl^u glen d miic pliAn tii phAn Anh sy da dang tuong iing trftn ki^u hinh v^ cAc d$c di^m ndng-sinh hpc vA chdt lupng th6c gao ciia 24 ddng lai vA 2 ddng d^t bl^n dimg lAm bd m?.

Til khda: Chi thf SSR, da d$ng di truySn. d^t bid'n, d$c di6m ndng-smh hpc. sa d6 hiah cAy.

LBATVilNB^

cac gidng Ilia te thom djc san mi^n Bdc (Tarn ap b? Xuan Dai, Tarn thom, Dy...) cho com ddo. rdt thom, ngon nhung thupc d ^ g hinh cay cao (Nguyen Van Luat, 2003) [3]. Cac gi6ng liia nay dk h\ dd, gay khi cd gid bao vd trong tr^n ddt tham canh, Id mdng va ni, khd nang ddng hda dgjn kdm nSn cho nang sudt rdt thdp (thudng tir 28 - 30 tg/ha); hgt ggo ngdn (tning binh tii 5,5 - 6 mm) khdng dat tidu chudn xudt khau. Hon niia cac gidng lua nay cam ung ch$t vdi quang chu ky, kha nAng thich img h?p [4]. Chinh vi vay, chiing chi cdn dupe gieo tr6ng a m^t sd xa thudc cac huy$n ven bi^n ciia tinh Nam Dinh.

Tir nhimg nam 90 ciia th^ ky tnrdc d^n nay, chiing tdi da cdi ti^n chiing bang phuong phap gSy ddt bi^n nhd chi^u xa tia Gamma (ngu6n Co") vao hat b cac thdi di^m nay mdm khdc nhau (tir 69*"

72''), da tao ra hdng chyc ddng dOt bi^n mdt tinh cdm

' Trudng Dai h^c Su ph^m HA Ndi

^ Vi?n Di truyen Nong nghi?p

' Tnmg tam Ho try Daot^ova Cung Ltng Nhan lye,

* So Giao dye vA Dao t^o Tuyen Quang

quang, tr5 bdng thoat, la ngdn vd day hon, h^t g^o dai hon nhung vdn giii dupe miii thom. dd deo ciia gidng gdc... Qua lai hiiu tinh giOa cdc ddng dot bi^n tir hai gidng Tdm Xuan Dai va Dy Hai Hau, da phoi hyp dugc nhimg ddt bi^n him ich vao cac ki^u gien khac nhau. Chpn Ipc qua 7 - 8 th^ h$ da nh^n dupe 24 ddng uu tii, cd tli^ dimg chiing trong san xudt gao t^

thom dac sdn ho^c phyc vy chuong trinh cdi ti^n cac gidng Ilia te dac sdn.

Dudi day la ket qua nghien cuu sy da dang trong ki^u gien a rniic phan tir (ADN) ciia cdc ddng liia uu tu d Fa lidn quan tdi sy da d?ing ki^u hinh v^ 23 chi tidu ndng-sinh hpc va chdt lupng thdc gao.

L VAT LAVAPHUQNC PHAP N6HBV CUU 1. vat U$u nghito a h t

V§t li^u nghidn cuu la 2 th^ ddt bi^n khdng cdn cam ling quang chu ky TXDDB3 va DHHDB5 va 24 ddng tir td hpp lai giua 2 th^ dot bi^n TXDDB3 vA DHHDB5 da dupe chpn Ipc dcfn th^ h^ Fg. Chung c6 nhi^u dac di^m ndng-sinh hpc quy, cd the phyc vu true ti^p cho san xuat hoac su dyng lam vat lidu de lai. t^o ra cdc gidng liia chdt lupng mdi.

10 N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

KHOA HQC C 6 N G N G H l

2. Phuong phap nghifen cihi

- Gieo ciy, chim sdc, xdc dinh c^ chi d6u ndng- sinh hoc vi chit /vrpng thdc gfio (tiidi gian sinh trudng, chi^u ddi than, dirdng kinh Idng gdc, chi^u dai la ddng, chi^u rpng la ddng, chi^u dAi bdng, chi^u dai cd bdng, so hgt/bdng, ty 1$ hat Idp, sd hgt chdc/bdng. s6 bdng hiiu hi^u/khdm, kh6i lupng 1.000 hat, nang sudt cd th^, ning sudt Ij^ thuy^t. nang sudt thyc thu, hdm lupng protein, hdm lupng amyloza, miii thom, chi^u ddi hgt ggo, dO bac byng, ty Id gao lat, ty 1$ g9o xdt, ty 1$ ggo nguydn) cua 2 ddng ddt bi^n fIXDDB3 va DHHDB5) diing lAm bd m? va 24 ddng lai (d Fg) tir chiing trong vy miia nam 2011:

ti^n hanh theo phuong phdp ciia IRRI, (2002) [2] vA theo Quy ph^m khao nghi^m gidng Ilia cua BQ N6ng nghiap va Phdt tri^n Ndng thdn (2005) [1].

-PhSn tich vdx^/j^sdli^u:so li$u v^ cac chi tidu nong-sinh hpc cung nhu chdt lupng thdc g^io dupe xu ly. phan tich bdng phdn m^m Excel version 5.0 va phdn m^m NTSYSpc 2.1. cung nhu trong trudng hpp xOr ly sd li^u diSn di san phdm PCR d^ thi^t l$p hai so do hinh cay: mdt so do v^ da dang di truyen d cap dd phan tii va mot so dd v^ da dang ki^u hinh v^ cac dac diem ndng- hpc vd chdt lupng thdc gao.

- Ddi chieu. so sdnh 2 so dd hinh cay. sd nhdm va thanh phan ddng trong cac nhdm ciia chiing.

EKETQUANGHeiOAJ

1. Da dgjig di truyen d cdp dd phan tu (ADN) cua 2 ddng lua ddt bi^n (IXDDBS va DHHDB5) va 24 ddng lai tii chiing [6]

K^t qua thi^t Up mdi quan h^ di truyen d miic phan tit (ADN) (bang 1 va hinh 1) cho thay: cac ddng liia nghien cim kha da dgng, h§ sd tuong dong di truyen ciia 24 dong lai va 2 ddng bd m? dya trdn 31 cAp mdi SSR dao ddng trong khoang tir 0,11 (d ddng Tam Xuan Dai ddt bi^n 3 va ddng Du Hai Hau dot bien 5 - hai ddng bd mp) d^n 1,0 (d ddng Tam - Dy 1.1 vdi cac ddng Tdm - Dy 1.2. Tam - Du 1.5, Tam - Du 1.6, Tarn - Dy 1.7, Tam - Dy 1.9, Tam - Dy 1.11, Tam - Dy 1.12, Tam - Dy 1.13 va Tam - Dy 1.15).

a mijc tuong ddng di truyen 77%, 26 ddng liia nghien ciru dupe phdn chia thanh 7 nhdm nhu sau:

* Nhdm I chi cd ddng Dy Hai Hau dot bi^n 5.

* Nhdm II chi cd ddng Tdm XuAn Dai ddt bi^n 3.

* Nhdm III cd 15 ddng lai, bao gdm cac ddng:

Tam - Dy 1.1, Tam - Dy 1.2, Tdm - Du 1.20, Tam - Du 1.4, Tam - Dy 1.5, Tdm - Dy 1.6, Tam - Dy 1.7. Tdm - Dy 1.9, Tdm • Dy 1.11, Tdm - Dy 1.12. Tdm • Dy 1.13, Tam - Dy 1.15, Tam - Dy 1.10, Tam - Dy 1.8 va ddng Tam - Dy 1.18. H$ sd tuong d6ng di truyen thdp nhdt trong nhdm nay la 0.75 (giCia ddng Tam - Dy 1.20 va ddng Tdm - Du 1.18). Cac ddng liia trSn d^u khdng cdm iing quang chu ky, cay cao, ciing, cd bdng tir dai d^n rdt dai, bdng dai nhung mat dd h^t/bdng thua, vd trdu mdu vang thdm, h^t gao trong va cd dO ddi trung binh, cho com d ^ vA rdt thom. Nhdm III dupe chia thanh 5 nhdm phy.

Nhdm III.l g6m 11 ddng: Tam - Dy 1.1, Tdm - Dy 1.2, Tdm - Dy 1.5, Tdm - Dy 1.6, Tdm - Dy 1.7, Tdm - Dy 1.9, Tam - Dy 1.11, Tam - Dy 1.12, TAm - Dy 1.13 va Tam - Dy 1.15 va Tdm - Dy 1.8 cd h^ sd tuong ddng di truyen Id 1,0 (cac ddng nay cd ki^u gien gi6ng nhau hoan todn d cA 31 locus nghidn ciiu).

Nhdm III.2 chi cd ddng Tam - Dy 1.10.

Nhdm III.3 chi cd ddng Tam - Du 1.18.

Nhdm III.4 chi cd ddng TAm - Dy 1.4.

Nhdm III.5 chi cd ddng Tam - Dy 1.20.

* Nhdm IV gom 3 ddng: Tam - Dy 3.5, Tam - Dy 3.9 va Tam - Dy 3.6. Trong nhdm nay, h^ sd tuong dong di truydn dao ddng tir 0,76 (giua hai ddng Tam - Dy 3.5 va Tam - Dy 3.9) d^n 0,88 (giua hai ddng Tdm -Dy3.5vaTam-Dy3.6).

CAc ddng lai thudc nhdm IV, V va VI cung khdng cam quang, chin sdm hon cac ddng thupc nhdm III tir 4-6 ngay, cd cay thap hon, co bdng ngdn va to hon, bdng ddi, nhi^u hat, hoi khoe ho^c dau bdng, cho com deo va rao nhung kem thom hon so vdi cdc ddng thudc nhdm in.

* Nhdm VII gdm 4 ddng: Tam - Dy 6.2, TAm - Dy 6.3. TAm - Du 6.9 va Tam - Dy 6.7. Cac ddng trong nhdm nay cd h^ sd tuong dong di truyen dao ddng tir 0,85 (giiia hai ddng Tam - Dy 6.2 va Tam - Dy 6.9) den 0,97 (giiia hai ddng Tam - Dy 6.2 va Tdm - Dy 6.3). Cac ddng diudc nhdm VII cung khdng cam iing quang chu ky, cay thap hon so vdi cdc ddng d cdc nhdm trdn, cay ciing, ddu bdng. bdng ngdn hon, cho com deo, rao va thom.

NONG N G H I I P V A PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

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N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

KHOA HPC C 6 H 0 NOHt

DHHDB5 TXDDB3 j TAm-Dgtl.l , T4m-Dv 1.2 I T4m-Dvrl.5 , T4m-Dvrl.6 Ij T4m-Diil.7 J4 Ttai-Dvl.8 U Tim-Dvl.9 13 T4m-Di;l.ll M Tita-Dvl.l2 15 T4m-Dul.l3 K T4m-Dvl.l5 -17 T4m-Dirl.lO

•U T4m-Dtrl.l8 K T4m-Dvrl.4

•7 T4m-Du 1.20 U T4m-Di;3.5 a Tim-Dir3.6 10 Tam-Dir3.9 II T4m-Dvr4.5 11 Tam-Du4.9 3 T4m-Du6.2

* T4m-Dtr6.3 15 Tam-Dir6.7 U T4m-Du6.9 0.1! 031 Ml tSt 0.65 0,7? m 1.M

Coeflicienl

Hinh 1. Quan h$ di tiuyte gifia 24 dAng k i v4 2 ddng h6 mf (TXDBBi vi DHHDB5) dua M n 31 c$p mdi SSR

* Nh6m V chi co d6ng Tim - Du 4.5.

• Nhom VI chi co dong Tim - Dtr 4.9.

2. Da dang di t r u y ^ vS c i c die di^m ndng - sinh hpc v i chit luong th6c gao dia 2 d6ng lua dOt bi^n 0XDDB3 v i DHHDB5) v i 24 ddng lai tii chiing

Bing 2. MOt sd d i e di^m ndng-sinh hoc dia 2 ddng ddtbi^nvi24ddnglaitir chiing gieo trdng trong v\l m£ia nam 2011 tai Thanh TH - H i NOi

TT

1 2 3

T t a gidng

vi ddng DHHDB5 TXBDB3 Tam-Dul.l

TG ST

!ngiy) 124 126 125

Chidu dii thin (cm) 106,35 130,27 127,34

DK Idng gdc (mm)

3,35 4,26 4,67

Chihi dii l i ddng (cm) 29,54 33,76 34,88

ChiSu r*ng

l i ddng (cm) 1,30 1,36 1,38

ChiSu dii bdng (cm) 25,72 27,56 28,39

Chifa dii c6 bdng (cm) 9,51 11,25 10,37

S6 h»t/

bdng 135,63 180,85 185,22

Tyi«

hat lip (SI) 14,60 14,51 14,17

Sdh^t ch4c/

bdng (hat) 115,83 154,61 158,97

EEHH/

Ididm (bdng)

6,55 4,93 4,76

KL 1000 hat (g) 23,12 21,55 23,46

NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/20)2

K H O * HOC C O N O N 0 H >

Tim-Di;1.2 126 112,17 4,83 33,92 1,43 27,52 10,46 180,30 13,09 156,70 4,91 TSm-Dv 1.5 127 127,29 4,58 35,09 1,35 27,38 10,58 178,45 14,15 153,20 5,14 Tim-Dy 1.6 122 118,73 4,50 33,60 1,36 26,40 175,69 15,72 148,07 5,21 Tim-Dvrl.7 124 125,46 4,84 32,76 1,35 31,12 12,45 182.22 14,98 144,72 5,19 Tim-Dv;1.8 119,21 4,28 35,13 1,44 28,65 11,64 175,25 14,78 149,35 5,32 Tim-Dy 1.9 123,28 4,72 34,75 1,52 27,76 10,39 178,45 13,82 153.79 10 Tim-Di; 1.11 128 118,57 4,25 33,97 1,23 27,85 11,57 175,18 12,51 153,26 4,95

Tim-Dijl.l2 126 120,35 4,53 35,26 31,65 10,28 188,41 13,29 163,37 5,24 Tim-Dyr 1.13 125 123,65 4,12 30,84 12,43 180.55 15,14 140,49 Tim-Dyr 1.15 119,72 4,34 29,42 13,46 162,44 15.27 137,64 5,71 Tim-Dyr 1.10 123 126,32 4,64 33,65 1,44 13,78 1.59.66 13.21 5,52 Tim-Di; 1.18 126,43 4,57 33,95

Tim-Dyr 1.4 125 122,54 4,65 34,23 2.5.16 Tim-Di; 1.20 127 125,73 4,74 34,66

^ 4 2 12.15 12,77

14.05 1 -).72

,1

Tim-Dyr 3.5 107,34 33,45

Tim-Dyr 3.6 33,71

Tim-Du3.9 117.29 32..53

J ,37 j.4_2 1,36

27,90

16(1.4j!

lfiK.:)«

lWv17 ' ] l . , i r 1K7,B 11,98; 159.18 1.0,2b 15,14 118,73

5.48

26,78 10,32 18.5,35 13.56 160,22 4,1 5,12

Tam-Du4.5 109,38 3,98 9,72 14,22 153,17 4,60

Tim-Dyr 4.9 118 118,67 3,95 9,05 188,37 15,31 159,53 4,47 Tim-Du6.2 121 105,82 4,28 24,52 8,42 158.26 12,95 137,77 Tim-Dyr 6 3 119 100,46 4,31 8,77 159.43 14,71 135,98 5,20

25 Tim-Du67 120 99,61 4,17 34,28 6,45 160.22 138,35 5,29

26 Tim-Dyr 6 9 122 106,75 4,56 33,72 6,58 158,15 12,55 138,30 5,47 Bing 3. Mdt sd d$c di^m n

TT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Tdn gidng

vi ddng DHHBB5 TXDDB3 Tam-Dul.l Tim-Dyr 1.2 Tim-Dyr 1.5 Tam-Dul.6 Tim-Du 1.7 Tam-Du 1.8 T4m-Du 1.9 Tim-Dyr l . I l Tim-Dir 1.12 Tim-Dyr 1.13 Tam-Dirl.l5

Nii«

<g/

IdnSfii) 17,55 16,42 17,76 16,59 17,62 18,25 18,36 16,97 17,73 17,82 16,75 17,42 16,80

dng-sinh hpc dia 2 ddng ddt bidn vi 24 ddng lai tir chiing gieo trdng trong vv mita nSm 2011 tai Thanh TVi - H i Ndi

Ning suit 1*

thuyft (t?/ha) 59,40 57,64 57,91 61,60 61,89 57,97 60,99 49,72 52,94 61,97 60,14 59,62 58,02

Ning suit thvc thu (ta/ha)

31,78 33,62 35,17 34,85 35.76 33,72 33,78 30,21 33,90 35,61 33,27 34,19 34,78

Him lupng

Pr

8,64 8,62 8,83 8,71 8,64 8,41 8,87 8,85 8,60 8,70 8,84 9,68 8,85

Him Immg amyloza

CH) 21,16 20.81 21.13 20,35 22,16 21,29 20,14 20,81 21,16 21,33 20,75 21,54 21,15

il l

0 6,70 6,23 6,12 6,17 5,73 6,21 5,25 6,30 6,10 6,20 6,35 6,41

Dii hat gao (mm)

6,4 6,5 5,9 7.0 6.1 6,5 6,7 6,6 7,2 6,8 6,6 6,8 7,0

Dd bac byuig (diJnO 0,6 0,6 2.1 3.3 0,5 0.5 0,6 2,2 0,8 3,1 1,1 0,4 3,2

Ty Id gao

Ut 82,24 82.72 83,15 83.21 82.25 81.63 83,77 83,56 84,31 83,59 82,53 82,51 83,68

Ty Id gao Kit

(*)

65,43 66,52 67,14 66,37 65,29 67,49 67,35 66,87 67,57 66,28 66,78 66,95 66,91

T?l?

gao nguyte

01) 83,47 84,54 83,47 L _ 8 5 ^

83,56

J4J5J

84,64 83,78 84,52 85,20 84,63 84,12 84,60

NONG NGHIfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

KHOA HOC C O N O NOHt

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Tim-Dyr 1.10 Tim-Dyr 1.18 Tim-Dyr 1.4 Tim-Dyr 1.20 Tim-Dyr 3.5 Tim-Du 3.6 Tim-Dyr 3.9 Tim-Du 4.5 Tim-Du 4.9 Tim-Dyr 6.2 Tim-Du 6.3 Tim-Du 6.7 Tim-Dyr 6.9

18,56 17,57 17,81 18,20 16,59 16,34 16,11 16,45 16,88 15,50 16,23 15,95 16,83

57,96 55,16 53,97 52,82 60,29 58,33 51,84 59,80 58,71 57,78 49,31 57,95 52,84

33,86 33,70 32,55 32,24 35,19 33,22 33,38 32,65 32,77 33,26 30,67 33,72 32,96

9,23 9,71 8,85 8,86 8,78 8,54 8,79 8,69 8,83 9,52 9,84 8,87 8,91

20,24 21,18 21,20 20,61 21,19 21,28 22,19 21,26 20,25 22,15 21,36 20,27 21,35

5,60 5,45 6,25 5,90 3,35 4,21 3,51 3,67 4,28 5,54 3,85 3,62 5,38

6,4 6,5 7,1 6,4 5,8 6,6 6,3 6,2 5,8 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3

2,3 0,6 4,1 1,6 2,2 0,6 2,3 0,5 1,5 4,3 1,3 0,4 2,6

83,85 83,53 83,59 82,96 84,51 83,47 83,39 82,85 83,45 84,51 82,66 83,81 83,95

67,40 67,32 67,25 66,95 67,56 67,34 67,17 67,55 67,22 66,95 66,83 67,39 67,25

84,76 85,18 85,33 84,62 83,49 84,28 84,82 83,69 84,27 84,26 85,30 83,75 84,62 Kdt qua nghidn cihi da dang di truyen v^ cSc d$c

diem ndng-sinh h^c, ch^t lu^ng thdc g^o d vu miia nam 2011 cua 24 ddng lai vk so s ^ h vdi hai ddng ddt bien diing lam bd m? (bang 2 vi bang 3) cho th^y:

Cac ddng lai nghidn cuu d^u thudc loai cd thdi gian sinh trudng trung binh (tir 118 ng^y d ddng TAm - Du 4.9 d^n 128 ngay d ddng Tam - DLT 3.5). So vdi cdc gidng gdc thi thdi gian sinh trudng ciia cdc ddng lai da dupe nit n g ^ dang k^ (thdi gian sinh trudng ciia gidng Tam Xuan Dai tir 165 -170 ngay va Du Hai Hau tir 155-160 ngay).

Bien dp dao ddng v^ chi^u dai than ciia cdc ddng lai tuong ddi rdng, tir 99,61 cm a ddng Tdm - Du 6.7 dgn 127,34 cm d ddng Tam - Du 1.1. Hau h^t cdc ddng lai nghidn ciru d^u cd than tir dai d^n r^t ddi, mdt sd ddng lai cd thdn n g ^ hon rat nhidu so vdi cdc gidng gdc, cdc ddng bd me va so vdi cdc ddng lai khac (ddng Tam - Dir 6.2, ddng Tdm - Dtr 6.3 vd Tdm - Du 6.7). Day Id ddc di^m r^t cd y nghia trong vi§c cdi tidn ndng cao ndng suat giong liia.

Chi^u dai bdng ciia 24 ddng lai nghidn cihi cd miic dd dao ddng rat Idn (tir 22,96 cm ddn 31,65 cm).

Cd 4 ddng lai cd bdng thudc dang hinh bdng ddi (dong Tdm - Du 1.7, Tam - Du 1.12, Tam - Du 1.13 vd Tam - Du 1.18), 4 ddng lai cd bdng thudc dang hinh bong ngdn (ddng Tam - Du 6.2, Tdm - Du 6.3, Tdm - Du 6.9 vd ddng Tdm - Du 1.20).

Chi^u ddi c6 bdng ciia cdc ddng lai nghifin cuu cd sy sai khdc rd ret (tir 6,45 cm - 14,33 cm). Nhin chung, cac ddng lai cd co bdng chua dat chi^u ddi ly

tuong, tuy nhidn, d cdc ddng lai nay, cd bdng da cd su cdi thi^n rd r^t so vdi cdc gidng liia gdc (gidng Tdm Xudn Dai trd bdng khdng thodt - ^p be, cdn gidng Dir Hai H|u cd cd bdng rdt ddi: tir 15 - 20 cm).

Cdc ddng lai nghidn ciiu d^u thudc loai hinh bdng dai tir trung binh d^n dai, tuy nhidn sd h^t/bdng cdn chua cao (trung binh tir 175 -185 hat), miic do phdn bd hat/bdng cdn thua. Hai nhuoc di^m ndy cdn dugc ti^p tuc khdc phyc bMg phuong phap gay dot bien thuc nghi^m.

Cdc ddng lai nghien cuu ddu cd khoi luong 1.000 hat thudc dang trung binh (tir 20,87 g - 24,64 g).

Ndng suat cd t h i ciia cdc ddng lai nghidn ciiu ch^nh l?ch khdng nhilu, dao dgng trong khoang tir 15,50 g d^n 18,56 g. 10/24 ddng lai cd ndng suat cd thi cao hem ndng sudt cd t h i trung binh cua 2 ddng bd m?; 20/24 dong lai cd ndng suat cd t h i cao hon ndng suat cd thi cua ddng Tdm Xudn Dai dot bien 3.

Ndng suat thuc thu ciia 19/24 ddng lai cao hon ndng su^t thuc thu trung binh ciia 2 d^ng bd, me (32,70 t9/ha).

Chilu ddi hat g^o d 12/24 ddng lai Idn hon so vdi chi^u dai hat gao trung binh cua 2 dang bd, me.

Hat gao ddi nhat dat 7,2 mm d ddng Tdm - Du 1.9 vd ngdn nhat Id 5,8 mm d ddng Tdm - Du 4.9. Dd bac bung hat gao rdt thap, dat tidu chuan xudt khau.

Mire dp dao ddng v l ham lupng amyloza cua cdc ddng lai khdng Idn, tdp trung chu yeu d miic 20-22%.

Nhu vay, cdc ddng lai diu cho com deo, ngon.

I NONG NGHI?P VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012 15

KHOA HQC C 6 N 0 I W I | >

Cic ddng lai nghidn ciiu diu cd mill thom (tCi Tim • Dyj 1,6, Tim • Dyi 1.7, Tim - Dyr 1.4,.

hoi thom ddn thom vi thom d$m), nhidu ddng thom thom > didm 6).

d$m nhu: Tim • Dyr 1.1, Tim - Dyi 1.2, Tim - Dy; 1.5,

.(miic dfl

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OTV-IJ OTI.--K O T V - 6 OTV-U 0IU-2J OTU.23 OTU-14

-OTU-20 -OTV-2:

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-OTV-10 -OTV-U -OTU-3 -OTV-9 -OTU.l?

jOTV-lJ

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DHHDB5 TXDDB3 Tim-Dvl.l Tim-Dyr 3.6 Tim-Difl.l5 Tim-Dv 1.4 Tim-Du 1.6 Tim-Du 1.12 Tim-Du 62 Tim-Du 6.7 Tim-Du 1.10 Tim-Dyr 1.2 Tim-Du 1.8 Tim-Du 3.9 Tim-Dyr 4.9 Tim-Dyr 63 Tim-Du 1.7 Tim-Du 4.5 Tim-Du 6.9 TinvDul.ll Tim-Du 3.5 Tim-Du 1.5 T.im-Du 1.9 Tim-Du 1.20 Tim-Du 1.13 Tim-Du 1.18

-1

Hinh 2. Quan hd di tniydn giOa 24 ddng lai vi 2 ddng bd ra? CrXDDB3 vi DHHDB5) dyra trtn 23 djc didm ndng-sinh hpc vi chit lu<(mg thdc gjo

So do hinh ciy quan hd di truydn vd cic djc didm ndng - sinh hpc, chit luymg thdc gjo (hinh 2) cho thSy: ft hd sd tuong ddng 2,651, 24 ddng lai vi hai

* Nhdm III cd 4 ddng lai: Tim - Du 11; Tim - Di;

3.6: Tim - Du 1.15 vi Tim - Dyr 1.4.

ddng dot bidn diing lim bd m? dugc phin chia thinh 8 nhdm nhu sau:

* Nhdm I chi cd ddng Dyr Hai Hiu ddt bidn sd 5.

* Nhdm II chi cd ddng Tim Xuin Dii ddt bidn sd

* Nhdm IV cd 5 ddng lai: Tim - Dyr 1.6; Tim - Dir 1.12; Tim - Du 6.2; Tim - Du 6.7 vi Tim - Du 1.10.

* Nhdm V cd 5 ddng lai: Tim - Du 1.2; Tim - Di;

1.8; Tim - Du 3.9; Tim - Du 4.9 vi Tim - Dv 6.3.

* Nhdm VI cd 3 ddng lai: Tim - Dyr 1.7; Tim - Dtr 4.5 vi Tim-Du 6.9.

N 6 N G NGHIf P VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H O N - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

KHOA Hpc C 6 N 0 NOHi

* Nhdm VII chi cd 2 ddng lai: Tdm - Di; 1.11 vd T d m - D v 3.5.

* Nhdm VIII cd 5 ddng lai: Tdm - Di; 1.5; Tdm - Du 1.9; Tdm - Dv 1.20; Tdm - Di; 1.13 vd Tdm - D\f 1.18.

9 ddng lai thuOc nhdm III vd nhdm IV cd thdi gian sinh trudng dao ddng trong khoang tir 120 -125 ngay trong vy miia; 3/5 ddng lai thudc nhdm nhdm V cd thdi gian sinh trudng n g ^ nh^t, tii 118 • 119 ngdy (Tdm - Du 3.9, Tdm - Du 4.9 vd Tdm - Dxf 6.3). Cdc ddng lai thu^c nhdm VII vd VIII cd thdi gian sinh trudng ddi nh^t (dao dOng trong khoang tir 125 -128 ngdy), trong dd 2 ddng thudc nhdm VII vd VIII cd thdi gian sinh trudng la 128 ngdy. Cdc ddng thuOc nhdm VI cd thdi gian sinh trudng trung binh so vdi cdc nhdm khdc (dao d^ng trong khodng tir 122 • 124 ngdy).

Da sd cdc ddng thudc nhdm III vd nhdm VIII thudc loai hinh cdy cao, ciing cdy, c6 bdng tir dai din r^t ddi, bdng ddi, nhilu hat nhung mdt dd hat/bdng thua, ndng suat thuc thu khd cao, vd trfiu mau vdng tham, hat gao trong va cd dd ddi tii trung binh din dai (tir 5,9 - 7,2 mm), cho com deo vd rdt thom. Nhilu ddng thudc nhdm III va nhdm VIII cd khoi lupng 1.000 hat Idn (22,5 - 24,50 g), tuong tu nhu nhdm IV vd nhdm VI.

Cdc ddng thupc nhdm IV vd nhdm VI chin sdm hon cdc ddng thupc nhdm III va nhdm VIII tir 3 4 ngdy, cd cay thdp hon, chilu ddi bdng vd cd bdng ngdn hon, hoi khoe hodc ddu bdng, cho com deo va rdo nhung kem thom hon so vdi cdc ddng thudc nhdm III va nhdm VIII.

Cdc ddng thudc nhdm VII cd cay thdp hon nhilu nhdm khac, ciing cdy, ndng suat thirc thu cao (tir 35,19 - 35,61 ta/ha) nhung cd thdi gian sinh tnrong ddi hon cdc nhdm khdc tii 110 ngdy.

3. Quan h | da dang di tniyin phdn tu (ADN) vd da dang di tniyin cdc ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc gitra 24 ddng lai vd 2 ddng bd m? CIXDDB3 vd DHHDB5)

Ddi chieu so do hinh cdy thilt Idp dira trdn 31 cdp mdi SSR bieu thi quan hd di truyin giira 24 ddng lai va 2 ddng bd me (hinh 1) vdi so do hinh cay thilt Idp dua trdn cac ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc va chtit liKmg thdc gao ciia cdc ddng lai va 2 ddng bd me ndi tren (hinh 2), cho thiy:

Cd 2 so d6 dIu cd hinh d^ng tuong tu. So d6 hinh cdy bilu thj si; da d ^ g d c^p dd phdn hi thi hi|n sv khdc bi$t rd ndt hon gi&a cdc nhdm so vdi su khdc bi|t giOa cdc nhdm bilu thj sy da dang v l cdc ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc vd chdt Iirpng thdc ggo. Hi|n tupng sai khdc ndi tr6n cd t h i 1^ gidi nhu sau: trudng hpp thii nh^t chi dira trdn muc dO da hinh ciJa 31 chi thj SSR, do dd nhd hon r^t nhilu so vdi sd lupng locus li6n quan tdi 23 ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc vd chdt lupng thdc g9o nghidn cuu d trudng hpp 2. Hon nOa, ddi vdi cdc tinh trying s6 lupng, su t h i hi^n cua cdc gien kilm sodt chiing d^ bilu hi^n ra kilu hinh rat d l b; thay ddi do tdc ddng cua mdi trudng.

Hai so d6 hinh cdy cd s6 nhdm tuong tu nhau.

Thdnh ph4n ddng trong mpt nhdm cung tuong tu nhau. 6 miic tuong dong di truyin 77% ddi vdi 31 chi thj SSR nghidn cim, 26 ddng liia nghifin cim dupe phdn chia thdnh 7 nhdm, cdn d miic tuong ddng 2,6%

ddi vdi 23 ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc vd chat luong thdc gao, cdc ddng liia trdn dupe phdn chia thanh 8 nhdm.

VI mdi tuong quan giiia sd nhdm, cdc ddng/nhdm cho thdy: nhilu ddng lai thupc nhdm III (trong phdn chia nhdm tuong ddng dua vao 31 chi thj SSR) tap trung d cdc nhdm III vd VIII (8/9 ddng lai) khi phdn chia nhdm tuong dong dua vao 23 ddc dilm ndng- sinh hpc vd chdt lupng thdc gao.

IV. XET LUAN VAO£ NGHI l . K l t l u ^

So dd hinh cdy phan anh quan hd di fruyen d cap dp phdn tu (ADN) cd dang tuong tu so dd hinh cay phan dnh quan h | di truyin d mtic dd kieu hinh v l cdc ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc vd chat lupng thdc gao.

Sd nhdm vd thdnh phan ddng cua cdc nhdm tuoTig ling v l CO ban giong nhau.

Su da dang trong kilu gien phan dnh su da dang tuong img tren kilu hinh v l cdc ddc dilm ndng-sinh hpc vd chdt lupng thdc gao cua cdc ddng liia nghidn ciiu.

2. DI nghi

Can Idp lai cac thi nghi^m tuong tu trdn cac td hpp lai khac nhung thuc hidn d cdc thi he sdm hon de lam rd mdi quan hd tren d l phuc vu viec phdn Idp nhanh cdc nhdm kilu gien uu tii nhdm nit ngdn thdi gian tao chpn cac gidng liia te thom chat lupng cao cung nhu cai tiln cdc gidng liia te ddc san.

NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012

KHOA HOC C O M O NOHt

TMUtUnUMHHAO 5. McCouch, S. R, Sunita J., Jain R K., 2005.

1. Bd Ndng nghidP vi Phit tridn Ndng thdn, f'™^'": >"*«'« "f ''"'™ ^"-"^ =""" 1"='''^ •**

2005. Quyphw» khio nghifm gi6ng lOa. Nxb Ndng (OO*. .^tfK. U germplasm ua.ng paneb rt nghidp. Hi Ndi. 2005,39 trang. "jl"'"'""",'' ^ i r;,.^;" T v f ino M'^^

Theoretical and Applied CenelicsVoV Wi.Ho.S.w.

2. IRRI, 2002. Standard evaluation system for 355.977

rice. Los Banos, Philippines. , 6. NguyJn Tidn Thing, KhuSt Hiiu Trung,

3. Nguydn Vin Luit, 2008. Lua thom die s i n ^^^^^ jjuin Vidt, Nguydn Minh Cdng, 2011. D4iJi Vidt Nam trong tip doin gidng liia bin dja. Tap ch. ^ , j ^^ ^ ^ j , ^^^^ ^^ ^ ^j„^ ^^^ ^ ^ i ^ ^ ^ Ndng nghidp vi Phit trifn Ndng (Adrr. 3, Ir. 3-6. ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^ ^ 1 ^ , l ^ g ^ t^ ^^pn loc tu td hgp

4. Nguydn Hdu NghIa, 2007. Liia dfc sin Vi(t \^ gioa ddng T.'un Xuin Dii ddt bidn va ddng Dv HSi Nam. Nxb Ndng nghidp, 2007. Hiu ddt bidn b i n g ky thujt phin hi. Tfip chi Nong nghitp& Phit tiiSn Ndng A»tt, t6 17/2011, tr. 3*.

STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENETIC DIVERSmf ATTHE MOLECULAR LEVEL (DNA) W m l AGRO-BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

OF 24 HYBRIDS AND THEIR PARENTS

Nguyen Minh Cong, Khuat Huu T h u g , Nguyen Tien Thang, Ngu>«i Minh Anh Tiian, Nguyen Van Tiep

Summary

24 excellent bred lines (elite hybrid lines) in Fg and two mutant parents CTam Xuan Dai mutant rice line N0.3 - TXDDB3 and Du Hai Hau mutant rice lines No.5 - DHHDB5) cultivated to F, in the lendl-mondi crop 2011. Leaves at the time of 30 days after implantation were used to exUact DNA, using 31 SSR pnmer pairs belonging to different loci for analysis. PCR, electrophoresis PCR products. Also identi£ed 23 agro- biological and grain quality characteristics. Data of electrophor !Sis PCR products and data on the agro- biological and quality characteristics of rice were said on the san.e processor, both were analysed by Excel software version 5.0 and NTSYSpc2.1 to establish subgroups and set ti^ee diagram reflected Uie genetic relationship among rice lines studied. Two tree diagram forms has similar groups. In the case of genetic diversity at the molecular level (DNA) is 7, but In other case the remaining 8 groups. The line composition of the entire group is basically the same. The results showed that the genotyplc diversity in the molecular level (DNA) reflects the diversity of phenotypes corresponding to the agro-blologica] characteristics and quality of 24 nee hybrid lines and two mutant lines used as parents.

Keywords: SSR marlier, genetic dtverstty, mutation, agricultural and tjiological characteristics, tree diagram.

Ngudi phin bidn: GS.TSKH. Trin Duy Qu^

Ngiy nhin bii: 15/5/2012 Ngiy thdng qua phin bidn: 7/9/2012 Ngiyduydtding: 17/9/2012

NONG NGHI|P VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 9/2012