N ly va to

AN TOAN GIAO THONG - GIAO THONG D d THI

Phat trien giao thong cong cong va to chuTc quan ly giao thong do han che un tac, tai nan

giao thong

HQANG THACH

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hu Tgp chi Giao thdng van tdi da dua tin, tO ngay 22 d i n 24/11, tgi Ha Ndi, Oy ban An toan giao thdng qudc gia (UBATGT QG) phdi hpp vdi Ngan hang Thd gidi (WB) td chOc Hdi nghj qudc t l v l ATGT tgi Viet Nam nam 2012. Hai ngay hpl nghj chinh thOe, 5 nhdm t l l u ban da thao luan ky lodng v l hang logt vdn d l de bdo d i m ATGT.

Hdi nghj l l n nay da thu htjt hdn 500 dgi b i l u trong node, qudc t l tham do vdi nhidu tham ludn tam huye't nhim nang cao ATGT tgi Viet Nam. Phat b i l u khai mge hdi nghj, Phd Thd tOdng Chfnh phu kiem Chd tjch UBATGT QG NguyIn Xuan Phtjc khIng djnh, phat triln GTVT la dpng loc phat triln kinh t l , xa hdi Vl^t Nam. Tuy nhidn, ben egnh dd Id nguy ed m i t can b i n g glOa nhu e l u giao thdng vdi ndng lOe cung Ong v l hg t i n g , djch vg, cung nhg eac mat trai do hogt ddng giao thdng van tdi gay ra. NhOng nam qua, Vidt Nam da r l t no lOe, ed g l n g thdng qua vide ban hanh nhilu nghj quylt, nghj djnh, chi thj tap trung chi dgo cdc bp, nganh, dia phOPng triln khai quyet liet hang logt cac giai phap khae nhau tap trung vao ba nhdm quan trpng gdm: phat t r i l n k i t d u hg t i n g , phdt tridn giao thdng edng cpng va td chOc quan ly giao thdng dd hgn c h l dn t i c , tai ngn. Tuy nhien, tinh hinh trat to ATGT edn didn biln phOe tgp, gay thidt hgi Idn v l ngodi vd tdi s i n (dd sd ngOdI chdt nam 2012 giam khoang 17% so vdi cdng ky nam 2011).

Chinh phd Vidt Nam cam kdt ddn ndm 2020 giam 50% sd vg tai ngn, sd ngUdi chdt do tai ngn so vdi nam 2011. Giam ddc WB tgi Viet Nam Vietoeria Kwakwa cung danh gia cao nhOng no lge cda Viet Nam trong edi thidn ATGT, trong dd xdc dinh ddy la mge tidu Uu tien qudc gia.

Tgi hdi nghj nay, tdng tidu ban da thang than ddnh gia nhOng mdt dUdc, hgn chd, td dd xay dgng dd dn, chfnh sach chidn lupc bao d i m ATGT QG.

Nhan thOc, y thde cda ngudi tham gia, d i l u khidn phUdng tidn giao thdng edn hgn chd la nguydn nhan quan trpng khidn sd vg tai ngn, sd ngUdi td vong, sd ngUdi bj thUdng do TNGT cdn cao. Nguyen Chdnh van phdng UBATGT QG Thdn VSn Thanh cho blet, td 93% ddn 97% sd vg tai ngn giao thdng do con ngudi gay ra, trong dd chi ed khodng 30% ngUdi tham gia giao thdng hieu bilt phdp ludt nhung v i n ed tinh vi phgm. Nhu vdy, hau q u i do chinh eon ngUdi gay ra. Tuy nhidn, didu kidn hg tang, edng tdc q u i n ly didu hanh giao thdng edn khdng it b i t cap; chat lUdng hg t i n g giao thdng kdm, thieu ddng bp do xdy

dgng trong nhidu giai dogn khde nhau, theo nhOng tieu chuln khae nhau cung la tac nhan khdng nhd gdy ra tai ngn. Trong khi dd, giao thdng d nude ta Id phOe hpp, vide phdn Idn, ddnh dodng ridng cho tOng logi phOdng tidn r l t hgn chd. Thgc sT Ld Vdn Dgt, Vien Chldn lope va phat t r i l n GTVT eho bilt, Malaysia ddnh dodng ridng eho xe may, nhd dd glim 39% tai ngn. Dd id chOa k l c h i t lOpng hg t i n g con khdng it hgn che, ngay ea d tidu chf dp bing phing tgi mpt sd dU an dUdng cao tdc. PGS. TS. NguyIn Quang Todn va TS. Tran Thi Thu Ha canh bao ndn than trpng khi khai thac dudng d td cao tdc ngay khi dgt tidu chuan. Dang tide, khdng ft ngudi tham gia giao thong lgi chUa nhgn thOc diJng v i n dd.

C h i t lopng ha t i n g edn han chd, cdng tdc sd d p cOu choa dap Ong nhu cau, y thOe eda mdt bd ph^n ngodi tham gia giao thdng kem, nhOng vi$c quin ly, didu hanh giao thdng, c h i t lOdng phOdng tidn cung chOa dn. Tham nhung trong cOdng chd giao thdng dodng bd thOe so Id v i n ngn nhOe nhdi vd dU0c

"didm danh" ddng d I u trong nhOng fTnh voc tham nhung. Ddy Id ly do khidn khdng it tham ludn trong tieu ban quan ly ATGT kidn nghj can ndng d p dudng bp va xd ly vi phgm qua hlnh anh d l hgn chd tidu cOc; bao dam tfnh nghiem minh eda phap ludt.

Theo TS. Nguydn Thanh Phong, Phd Vidn trudng Vidn chidn lOdc vd phdt triln GTVT, phat triln bin vOng cae giai phap va chinh sach an toan giao thdng dodng bp dap dng cdc ydu e l u hien tgi va tUdng lai;

g i l m TNGT va UTGT dUdng bd mdt each b i n vOng, tidn tdi xay dOng mpt xa hdi cd giao thdng an todn, van minh, hidn dgi, than thidn vd bdn vOng. Ddy Id mgc tieu tdng qudt cda "Chiln lupe qudc gia bio d i m trat tu an toan giao thdng dudng bd ddn nam 2020 va tam nhin ddn nam 2030" da dupe Thd tOdng (Xem tidp trang 58)

SIANI

AN TOAN GIAO THdNG - GIAO THONG O d THI

tgpng tham gia giao thdng d l mpi ngOdI to giac c h i p hanh la bien phap quan trpng hang d I u , trong dd chtj trpng tuydn truyin ve quy t i e giao thdng dOdng bp vd vdn hda giao thdng.

Hai Ii, tang cOdng phong chdng va kilm soat ngodi dilu khlln phUdng tien ed gidi sd dgng rUpu, bia.

- Ba Ii, kidn quylt xd ly, eUdng e h l thi hanh phdp ludt v l TTATGT (trong dd cd phd biln vide tang mOc phgt theo ND 71/2012/ND-CP cda Chinh phd bd sung sda ddi mot sd didu d ND 34/2010/ND-CP ddi vdi Idi vi phgm ve tdc dp vd rUpu, bia khi dieu khidn phUPng tidn ed gidi tham giao GTDB).

- Bdn Ii, nang cao d i l u kien an toan cda k i t elu hg t i n g GTDB va lang eUdng edng tdc td ehdc giao thong (trong dd ed gidi tda thdng thoang hanh lang ATDB dam bao t i m nhin eho ngudi d i l u khiln phUdng tien va xda bd bdt dUdng ngang, dilm dlu ndi trai phep, d I u ndi b i t hpp ly vao qudc Ip).

Vdi nhOng giai phap ddng bp, quydt lidt, hy vpng thdi gian tdi tai nan giao thdng tren tuydn qudc Id 1A dogn do Khu Qudn ly Dudng bd IV quan ly se gilm ea 3 tieu chi, sd vg, sd nggdi chdt, sd ngudi bj thUdng, gdp p h l n cung ea nude k i l m e h l tai nan giao thong Q

PHAT TRIEN GIAO THONG...

(Tiep theo trang 56) Chinh phij phd duydt ngdy 24 thdng 10 nSm 2012.

Ddng quan d l l m , dng Trinh Ngpc Giao, Cgc trgdng Cgc Ddng k i l m Viet Nam cho rang, bat ky mpt qudc gia ndo trdn thd gidi cung d I u hudng tdl mdt ndn kinh t l phdt t r i l n , xa hpl vdn minh. Song song vdi mge dich dd ddi hdi cae qudc gia phai cd hd thdng phUdng tidn an todn, thdn thidn vdi mdi trudng cung vdi mdt he thdng kdt d u hg t i n g giao thong hien dgi. TU ndm 1995, Bd GTVT dd giao Cgc Dang k i l m Vidt Nam td chOc vide q u i n ly vd kidm tra cdc phOdng tidn giao thdng. Ke td dd d i n nay, Ddng klem Viet Nam da thoc hien dung vd tdt cde nhidm vg dope giao. Cdc phOPng tien d td, xe may san xult, l i p rap dOde kidm tra, k i l m soat td khau thid't kd. Cdc phOdng tien nhap khIu dope k i l m tra, kilm soat tO ngudn. Chia s i kinh nghiem eda Ddc v l van d l ATGT, GS. TS Ing.Reinhold Maier, Trodng Dgi hpc Ky thugt Dresden. 6 cac qudc gia chau Au, hang nam cd ddn 14.000 ngOdi td vong va 2010 sd lOdng td vong, bj thOdng tdng len. Nhilu ben lien quan cung cd nhdng cd gang d l ddm bdo ATGT nhong ty Id bj thOdng vdn tdng. GS TS. Ing.Reinhold Maier n h i n mgnh, d i l u kien dan sd cung I n h hudng ddn v i n dd ATGT. Chang dUdng tham gia giao thdng cung la nguydn nhan d n quan tdm khi tham gia giao thdng, nhidu phUdng tien tham gia giao thdng cung Id nguydn nhdn gay m i t ATGT. Cae khach bp hanh chidm 14% sd lUpng td vong. 75% cda eac vg va chgm t r i m trpng la do khach bp hanh va ngudi di xe dgp. Chinh vi vay, d n ed nhOng g i l l phap tdng the dd tranh x i y ra rdi ro vd TNGT nhU: D i l u kidn ed sd hg t i n g giao thdng, y thOe eda ngUdI tham gia giao thdng, e l i thidn k i t hpp hdi hda, e l l thidn hdn.

Mdt y l u td quan trpng g i l m UTGT va TNGT la van hoa giao thdng. Theo GS. Hoang ChUdng, nhdn thde vd vdn hda giao thdng trong do luan xa hoi edn nhidu hgn che, trdn cdc phOdng tidn thdng tin dgi chdng cdn phidn didn, dodng nho chi tdp trung vdo y thOe vdn hda, tinh t h i n chap hanh phap luat cda ngOdi tham gia giao thdng choa cao. TO dd, ndi dung

xay dOng van hda giao thdng cung chi nhim vdo vdn dpng mpl ngodi chap hanh tdt luat giao thdng vd Ung xd cd van hda khi tham gia giao thdng. Mdt trong nhOng ly do khidn viec xay dOng van hda giao thdng cham t i l n trien la do chdng ta choa quan nidm dly dd cac thanh td tgo ndn vdn hda giao thdng cung nhu mdi quan he bien chdng glOa cde thdnh td dd ndn chua xdc djnh ddng khau then chdt vd ddt phd trong qua trinh xdy dOng van hda giao thdng.

Trong y nghTa chung nhat, van hda giao thdng d n dupc coi la mot tap hpp nhOng gia trj vat chit vd tinh t h i n do eon ngUdI sang tgo ra theo ly tUdng chSn thidn my tren ITnh vOc giao thdng. Ndi ddn van hda giao thdng la ndi den cai phai, cai dpp, cai thi$n ci!ia eon ngodi trong qua trinh xay dgng, sil dgng cdc cdng trinh, phOdng tidn giao thdng, trong xdy dgng vd thgc thi phdp ludt v l giao thdng vd trong tham gia giao thdng. Van hda giao thdng vUa la ddng Igc, vUa la mge tidu tgo ndn mdt he thdng giao thdng hl§n dgi, vdn minh, hieu qud, mpt mdi trodng giao thdng an todn, nhan ai, than thidn.

van hoa giao thdng la mpt p h l n quan trpng cua so nghidp xdy dgng mpt nen vdn hda Viet Nam tidn tidn, dam da bdn sac ddn tdc va Id mpt trong nhOng thode do vd trinh dp van hda, van hidn cua dan tdc, la mpt ITnh vOc the hien ro danh do eda td qudc, nhdn pham eda con ngudi Viet Nam nhu nhidu hpc g i i Idn cda dd't nudc khang djnh trong cdc hdi thdo v l vdn hda giao thdng vda qua...

Cdc tham luan, gdp y tgi hdi nghj thgc so la bai hpc kinh nghidm tO nghien cdu khoa hpc, ly ludn din thgc t i l n de cdc cd quan ehOe nang tham khao, xdy dOng d l an, chinh sach, ehiln lope b i o d i m ATGT nho mong mudn cda Phd Thd todng Chinh phd NguyIn Xuan Phde trong bai phat b i l u khai mge hdi thao. Thdng qua hdi nghj nay, eac cd quan chOc nang d n t h i n g t h i n nhin nhan lgi vai trd, trdch nhidm trong vide q u i n ly, didu hanh. Ngodi tham gia giao thdng khdng ed ed hdi "len tidng" tgi hdi nghi, nhong dieu dd khdng ddng nghTg vdi vide cdc cd quan hOu trach da lam trdn trach nhidm. Dd Idi cho nguydn nhan khach quan thi d l , nhong nhin lgi vai trd, trach nhiem cda minh d l k h i c phgc tlnh trgng m i t ATGT se hidu qud hdn r l t nhilu •