NGHIEN CUU THIET LAP KHU VU'C
MAU DICH TU'DO VIET NAM - HOA KY
1. Cd sd t h i e t l a p K h u viic Mau d i c h Tu" d o V i e t N a m - H o a Ky
Xu hudng ky ke't cac Hiep dinh ThUdng mai Tii do (FTA) dang trd nen phd bie'n, dac biet ddi vdi khu viic chau A - Thai Binh Dudng. Xu hudng nay cd dac diem chung la day n h a n h qua trinh til dd hda tren cap do song phUdng va khu viic nhieu hdn cac thda t h u a n da phUdng tdan cau. Muc tieu chung cua cac hiep dinh thUdng mai tii dd la giam tdi da thue n h a p k h a u trong thdi gian quy dinh cang n h a n h cang tdt, ddng thdi dd bd hau bet cac rao can thUdng mai.
Thich ifng vdi lan sdng ky ke't cac hiep dinh thUdng mai tii do, va xua't p h a t tif cac ldi ich ma FTA m a n g lai, Viet N a m , mdt nen k i n h te d a n g nd liic hdi n h a p , can t r a n h t h u ddn dau xu t h e n a y de xiic tie'n d a m p h a n , ky ke't FTA vdi cac ddi tac chie'n lUdc ldn n h u Hda Ky de t r a n h t h u nhiing Uu dai cao ve md cifa thi trifdng n h a m day m a n h xua't k h a u va t r a n h t h u vd'n, cdng n g h e tien tie'n de p h a t trien k i n h t e d a t nUdc.
C h u trUdng, c h i n h sach va giai p h a p chu ddng hdi n h a p k i n h te qud'c te k h d n g t h e t a c h rdi cac xu h u d n g mdi t r d n g cac dien d a n k h u viic va tdan cau m a Viet N a m t h a m gia. Viec tiep tuc cac cam ke't sdng phUdng de hdi n h a p thed chieu s a u ma dien h i n h la ky ke't cac FTA t r d n g bdi c a n h t h e gidi va k h u viic d a n g bimg nd t r a o lUu
ThS. Le Huy Khoi Vien Nghien ci/u Thitclng mai thiet lap k h u viic m a u dich tii do hien nay la xu h u d n g ta't yen, budc tiing qud'c gia, t r o n g dd cd Viet N a m can phai tinh de'n t r o n g Id t r i n h hoi n h a p cua minh de t r a n h t u t h a u .
Tii khi quan he ngoai giao Viet Nam - Hoa Ky chinh thifc difdc thie't lap, quan he giuta hai nUdc ngay cang dUdc cai thien va cd sii p h a t trien vUdt bae.
Dac biet hdp tac kinh te, thifdng mai ludn la linh viic trdng t a m va ciing la linh viic dat nhieu ket qua tich cilc nha't. Hai ben da ky ket mot loat thda t h u a n va hiep dinh kinh te nhif: Hiep dinh ThUdng mai Sdng phUdng Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (2001), Hiep dinh Det may (2003), Hiep dinh H a n g khdng (2003), Hiep dinh k h u n g ve ThUdng mai va dau t u (2007)... Trong dd, Hiep dinh thUdng mai sdng phUdng Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (BTA) dUdc ky ke't vad t h a n g 7/2000 va cd hieu lUc vac t h a n g 12/2001 da binh thudng hoa va tao cd sd phap ly quan trong cho viec thiic day quan he hdp tac kinh te - thUdng mai va dau t u giiia hai nudc.
Hoa Ky trd t h a n h thi trUdng xua't k h a u Sd 1 cua Viet N a m . Tuy nhien, so vdi tiem n a n g cua h a i nUdc thi ke't qua da d a t dUdc chUa xifng t a m , ddi hdi can p h a i cd nhutng bifdc di tie'p sau WTO va BTA de md cifa thi trifdng hdn nuta, tad da chd x u a t k h a u cua Viet N a m s a n g Hoa Ky dat kim ngach h a n g chuc ty U S D trong vdng
10 n a m tdi. •
Cd the ndi, Viet Nam da thie't lap, duy tri va tiep tuc md rdng mdi quan he vdi Hda Ky, mdt ddi tac chien lUdc ldn, cd nhieu the manh. Nhieu qudc gia khac ciing da nhan tha'y tam quan trong cua mot ddi tac ldn nhif Hoa Ky, tii dd da xiic tien ky ket FTA, de tie'n tdi hinh thanh cac Khu viic mau dich tii do vdi Hoa Ky.
2. Thvfc trang quan he thiidng mai Viet Nam - Hoa Ky
2.1. Tong quan thi trUdng Hoa Ky Dien tich Hoa Ky ldn thif 3 the'gidi, vdi gan 300 trieii dan cd ngudn gdc tii nhieii ndi khac nhau. Hda Ky ludn la mot trong nhiing nUdc cd nen kinh te ldn nha't the gidi. GDP cua Hoa Ky
chie'm khoang 28% tdng GDP toan the gidi. Thu nhap binh quan dau ngUdi khdang 42.000 USD/nam. Cd cau kinh te cua Hda Ky gdm: Dich vu 78,7%; Cdng nghiep che tad 20,3%;
Ndng nghiep chi chie'm khoang 1%.
Nam 2005, tdng kim ngach thUdng mai qud'c te (gdm ca hang hda va dich vu) cua Hda Ky dat xap xi 3.270 ty USD, tang khoang 12%) so vdi nam 2004, trong dd kim ngach xuat nhap khau hang hoa khoang 2.570 ty, chie'm 78% va bang 20% GDP.
Vdi kim ngach nhap khau hang hoa tang deu hang nam, dat 1.942,8 ty USD vao nam 2007, rd rang Hoa Ky la thi trUdng khdng Id hap dan cac nha xua't khau tren the gidi.
udc dat xa'p xi 12,5 nghin ty USD,
Kim ngach nhqp khdu ciia Hoa Ky phdn theo nhom hdng
Ddn vi tinh: Ty USD N a m
Tong kim ngcich San pham det may
Cac san pham che tao khac Nong thuy san (ca SP che bien) Lam san
Giay dep
2002 1.164,7
81.585 72.129 55.591 37.048 15.379
2004 1.472,9
94.045 83.226 67.012 47.591 16.498
2005 1.677,4 100.485
91.306 73.050 50.003 17.834
2006 1.845,0 104.563
81.456 50.416 19.038
2007 1.942,8 107.678
88.136 46.561 19.270 Nguon: Trang thong tin dien tU www.usitc.gov
2.2. Thitc trgng quan he thUdng mgi Viet Nam - Hoa Ky
2.2.1. Ve xudt khdu
Hiep dinh ThUdng mai Sdng phifdng Viet Nam - Hoa Ky cd hieu liic tif ngay 10/12/2001. Sau khi BTA Viet Nam - Hoa Ky cd hieu liic, quan he kinh te - thifdng mai ddi ben cd budc phat trien manh me, day an tUdng. Viet Nam da dat difdc nhUng thanh tiiu trdng viec thiic thi cac cam ke't BTA. Viec ky ke't Hiep dinh thifdng mai vdi Hda Ky giiip chd hang hda nUdc ta khdng hi phan biet ddi xif tai thi trUdng Hda Ky, mang lai cd hdi giad luu thUdng mai cho ca ddi ben.
nhanh chdng dUa Hoa Ky trd thanh thi trUdng xua't khau hang dau, ddng gdp dang ke vad ddanh thu xuat khau va tang trUdng kinh te cua nUdc ta. Kim ngach thifdng mai hai chieu da tang tif 2,9 ty USD nam 2002 len 11,3 ty USD nam 2007, dat nhip dd tang trUdng binh quan 31,2%/nam giai doan 2002-2007.
Td'c do tang trUdng xua't khau sang thi trUdng Hoa Ky binh quan hang nam giai doan 2001-2007 dat 49,55%/nam.
Xua't khau sang Hoa Ky dac biet tang
manh nhiing nam 2002-2003 va 2006-
2007 (hieu ifng til viec thiic hien BTA
va gia nhap WTO cua Viet Nam). Tong
kim ngach xua't khau cua Viet Nam sang Hoa Ky tang tii 1.065,3 tneu USD nam 2001 len 10.089,1 tneu USD nam 2007 va 7 thang dau nam 2008 da dat 6.555,6 trieu USD.
Tif mot thi trudng tUdng dd'i nhd cua hang xuat khau Viet Nam, Hda Ky da vUdt qua cac nUdc khac va trd thanh thi trudng xua't khau ldn nha't cua Viet Nam, vdi thi phan Udc dat xa'p xi 20%o tdng kim ngach xua't khau cua Viet Nam. Sau 5 nam, kim ngach hai chieu Viet Nam - Hoa Ky da tang hdn 8 lan, trong dd xua't khau cua Viet Nam sang Hoa Ky til 2,4 ty USD nam 2002 da tang len 10,5 ty USD nam 2007. Tuy nhien, kim ngach xuat khau cua Viet Nam cdn chie'm ti le rat nhd (chi khoang 0,3-0,5%) trong tdng nhap khau hang hda cua Hoa Ky vi thi trUdng nhap khau hang boa cua Hoa Ky ldn nhat the gidi.
Hoa Ky da trd thanh thi trUdng xua't khau ldn nha't cho cac mat hang xua't
khau chil liic cua Viet Nam. Trong sd' 10 mat hang xua't khau ldn nha't cua Viet Nam la dau thd, det may, giay dep, thuy san, dd gd, dien tif va hnh kien vi tinh, gao, cao su, ca phe, than da dat kim ngach 33,97 ty USD, chie'm 70,2% tdng kim ngach xua't khau hang hoa cua Viet Nam nam 2007 thi cd tdi 7 mat hang (trii dau the, gad va cad su) cd thi phan xuat khau sang Hca Ky chiem tren 10% trd len. Thi trUdng Hoa Ky cd tam quan trong dac biet ddi vdi hang hoa xuat khau chu liic cua Viet Nam: Det may cd kim ngach tai thi trudng Hoa Ky chie'm 57,6% nam 2007 va tang trudng xua't khau dat rat cao 358,7%/nam trong giai doan 2001- 2007; gd va san pham gd chiem 39,4%
va 107,93%/nam; giay dep chie'm 22,1%
va 41,93%o/nam; thuy san chiem 19,3%
va 8,71%/nam; may tinh va linh kien dien tif chie'm 12,7% va 205,18%/nam;
ca phe chie'm 11,1% va 30,09%/nam.
Tri gid xudt khdu hdng hod sang Hoa Ky giai doqn 2001-2007
Dm vi: Tneu USD, %
Tong kim ngach XK Tong kim ngach NK Trong do My
X u a t k h a u Tdng tritdng Ty trgng Det m a y Tdng triCdng Giay dep Tang triidng Go va S P go Tang trUdng T h u y s a n Tdng trUdng MT va L K D T Tdng trUdng Ca p h e Tdng trUdng Cao su Tdng triidng
N e u o n : Sdlieu ciic 2001 15.029,2 16.218,0
1.065,3 7.09 47,5 114,2
16,1 482,4
0,01 60,0 2,1
Tdng cu
2002 16.706,1 19.745,6 2.452,8
130,25 14,68 975,8 1.955,9 196,6 72,07
44,7 177,40
673,7 39,66
5,3 39,5 -34,16 10,1 374,51 cHdiquan
2003 20.149,3 25.255,8 3.938,6
60,58 19,55 1.973,6 102,26
282,6 43,76
115,5 158,28 775.2 15,05
AI,?, 790,81
73,1 84,95 10,8 7,27 Viet Nam
2004 26.485,0 31.968,8 5.024,8
27,58 18,97 2.474,4
25,37 415,5 47,05 318,9 176,14 599,2 -22,70 57,5 21,66 88,8 21,47 16,9 55,81 ndm 2008
2005 32.447,1 36.761,1 5.924,0
17,90 18,26 2.602,9
5,19 611,1 47,06 557,0 74,68 631,5
5,38 118,5 105,97 97,5 9,88 24,8 46,53
2006 39.826,2 44.891,1 7.845,1
32,43 19.70 3.044.6
16,97 802,8 31,37
744,0 33,60 664,8
5,28 210,5 77,57 166,4 70,62
27,9 12.61
2007 48.561,4 62.682,2 10.089,1
28,60 20.78 4.465,2
46,66 885,1 10,26 948,5 27,47
728,5 9,58 273,4 29,89 212,7 27,78
39,1 40,34 i
2.2.2. Ve nhdp khdu.
N h a p k h a u tif Hoa Ky ve Viet N a m dat nhip dd t a n g trudng binh q u a n 32%/nam giai ddan 2002-2007; n a m 2007, dat 1,8 ty USD, t a n g 83% sd vdi nam 2006. P h a n ldn t a n g trUdng n h a p k h a u trong nam 2007 la nhd cac san pham thd. dac biet la n h a p k h a u lifdng thiic. vdi kim ngach gap gan ba lan so vdi cimg ky n a m trifdc, va sdi may mac tang67"o.
Viet Nam n h a p k h a u chu yeu tif Hoa Ky cac san p h a m may mdc thiet bi, dtd va nguyen nhien vat lieu. N a m 2007. nhap k h a u may mdc thiet bi va phu tung dat kim ngach 330 trieu USD, chie'm 19.4% tdng kim ngach n h a p k h a u cua Viet N a m tii Hda Ky;
n h a p k h a u dtd nguyen chiec dat 142 t n e u USD, chiem 8,3"o; chat ded nguyen lieu dat 124.7 trieii USD (7,2°o); nguyen phu lieu det, may, da 119.6 t n e u USD (7%); h n h kien dien tif va vi tinh 96,5 trieu USD (5.6°o); sat thep 30 trieu USD (1,7%).
2.2.3. Dit bdo quan he thitdng mgi Viet Nam - Hoa Ky
Dii b a o xua't k h a u , n a m 2 0 0 8 t a n g 3 3 , 8 5 % Sd vdi n a m 2 0 0 7 , s a u dd se g i a m n h e cdn 2 1 % vad n a m 2009 va 20% vad n a m 2 0 1 0 . T i n h c h u n g cho ca giai d o a n 2 0 0 6 - 2 0 1 0 , t h i do t a n g trUdng xua't k h a u la 2 3 , 9 % / n a m .
Du bad n h a p k h a u , n a m 2008 t a n g 35,6%o sd vdi n a m 2007, s a u dd se g i a m cdn 19,2%o vad n a m 2009 va 16,72% vad n a m 2 0 1 0 . T i n h c h u n g chd ca giai d d a n 2 0 0 6 - 2 0 1 0 , t h i dd t a n g trUdng n h a p k h a u se d mifc 2 6 , 1 0 % / n a m .
c a n c a n t h U d n g m a i cua Viet N a m v a n t r e n g t r a n g t h a i t h a m h u t va t a n g n h e ve gia t r i t u y e t dd'i, n h U n g ty le n h a p sieu se vdi x u a t k h a u se g i a m n h a n h , tif mifc k h c a n g 30,77% n a m 2 0 0 8 (sd lieu Udc tinh) se g i a m cdn 2 8 , 8 2 % vad n a m 2009 va 25,28 % vao n a m 2010.
D i i b a o x u a t , n h a p k h a u c u a V i e t N a m
Ddn vi: Trieu USD
Chung cd nudc - Xuai khau - Nhap khau Xuat - Nhap
%thdm hutlXK Thi trudng My - Xuat khau - Nhap khau Xuai - Nhap
2007
48.561.4 62.682,2 -14.120,8- -29,08 10.089.1 1.699.7 8.389.4
Udc 2008
65.000 85.000 -20.000 -30,77 12.561,0
2.077.0 10.484.0
2009
78.650 101.320 - 22,670
-28,82 15.208,0 2.670.0 12.538,0
2010
94.380 118.240 - 23.860
-25,28 18.478.0 3.392,0 15.086.0 Nguon: Vien Nghien ciiu ThUdng mgi
3 . D a n h g i a k h a n a n g t h i e t l a p k h u v i i c m a u d i c h t i i d o V i e t N a m - H o a K y
3.1. Chien litdc FTA cua Hoa Ky Ve cac H i e p d i n h t h U d n g m a i Sdng phUdng (BTA): H o a Ky da ky ket h a n g c h u c BTA d u d i n h i e u h i n h
thifc da d a n g nhU H i e p d i n h t h U d n g m a i ; H i e p Udc ve q u a n he h i i u n g h i , t h U d n g m a i v a h a n g h a i ; h a y H i e p d i n h t h U d n g m a i g a n vdi m d t l i n h viic cu t h e n a d dd nhU sd hutu t r i t u e , q u y e n l a n h sii...
T r d n g Sd' cac h i e p d i n h da ky ket, cd m e t sd' h i e p d i n h lien q u a n de'n
q u a n he k i n h t e - thUdng m a i nhU:
H i e p d i n h hutu n g h i va q u a n he k i n h te vdi E t h i o p i a ; H i e p d i n h hiiu n g h i va q u a n h e t d n g t h e vdi T a y Ban N h a ; H i e p udc ve q u a n he hutu nghi, q u a n h e k i n h te va q u y e n l a n h sii vdi O m a n ; H i e p Udc ve q u a n he hiiu n g h i va k i n h te vdi Togo.
Hoa Ky da ky FTA vdi cac nUdc nhU Canada, Mexico (NAFTA), Israel, Jordan, Singapore, Chile, H a n Qud'c va New Zealand. Cac FTA nay deu quan trong ve kinh te va it nhieu cd ye'u to' chinh tri, the hien k h a ro net chinh sach ddi ngoai cua Hoa Ky. Trong dd, Hoa Ky gan ldi ich thUdng mai vdi cac van de chinh tri va an ninh.
Cac FTA H d a Ky d a n g d a m p h a n gdm cd: A u s t r a l i a , Morocco, B a h r a i n ; 5 qud'c gia t h u d c khdi Thi t r u d n g c h u n g T r u n g My (CAFTA) gdm G u a t e m a l a , H o n d u r a s , El S a l v a d o r , N i c a r a g u a va Costa Rica;
5 qud'c gia t h u d c Lien m i n h Hai q u a n N a m P h i (SACU) la N a m Phi, B o t s w a n a , N a m i b i a , Lesotho va S w a z i l a n d ; 2 nUdc t h u d c khdi A S E A N la T h a i L a n va M a l a y s i a . . .
Cac FTA chil dinh se dam phan, dUdc cac t h a n h vien cua Qud'c hdi Hoa Ky de xua't gdm cac nUdc Ai Cap, Dai Loan, New Zealand va Anh.
3.2. Khd ndng ddp iing cdc dieu kien cdn thiet de thiet lap Khu vitc Mgu dich tit do Viet Nam - Hoa Ky
Dieu kien vi chinh tri: D a n h gia mute do d a p ling cac dieu kien ve c h i n h t r i de thie't lap K h u viic M a u dich Tii do Viet N a m - Hoa Ky, cd t h e diem q u a n h i i n g md'c c h i n h t r o n g q u a n h e h a i nUdc. Q u a do cd t h e tha'y r a n g , q u a n he c h i n h tri giuta h a i nUdc thdi gian g a n day tien t r i e n t h e d chieu h u d n g tich ciic.
Dieu kien ve kinh te: Mgt Id, Viet N a m va Hda Ky deu la t h a n h vien
cua Td chifc thUdng m a i t h e gidi. Hai Id, ldi t h e tUdng dd'i cd t h e be sung chd n h a u giiia Viet N a m va Hda Ky.
Ba Id, mdi trUdng d a u tU t h u a n ldi.
Dieu kien ve xd hgi: Mdi trudng xa hdi dn dinh la mot ldi the q u a n trong, tad dieu kien tien de t h u a n ldi cho viec thie't lap k h u viic m a u dich tii do. Mdi trudng xa hdi cua Viet N a m hien dUdc danh gia la dn dinh sd vdi nhieu nUdc trong vimg.
Y chi cua mdi ben ve viec thiet lap Khu vitc Mgu dich Tit do Viet Nam - Hoa Ky: Hai nUdc thiic hien cac cam ke't BTA da dUdc 8 n a m va Viet N a m ciing da gia n h a p WTO. Khdi ddng cac budc chuan hi cho viec d a m p h a n , ky ke't FTA d thdi diem hien nay la tUdng ddi thich hdp. Tuy nhien, va'n de nay phu thudc vad thien chi cua mdi ben.
Viet Nam mcng mud'n ky FTA vdi Hoa Ky song phia Hoa Ky hien tai chUa mud'n khdi ddng FTA vdi ta.
3.3. Cd hgi vd thdch thitc khi thiet lap Khu uitc Mgu dich Tit do Viet Nam - Hoa Ky
1) Nhdng cd hgi Day m a n h xua't k h a u .
N g a n h cdng nghiep t r o n g nUdc se dUdc ldi nhd viec bai bd ngay lap tifc toan bd t h u e q u a n n h a p k h a u cua Hoa Ky ddi vdi h a n g cdng nghiep, dac biet la cac san p h a m cd h a m lUdng cdng nghe cae.
D o a n h nghiep Viet N a m dUdc hudng miic t h u e q u a n tha'p.
Thdng q u a ky ke't FTA van cd t h e cat giam t h u e q u a n hdn niia n h a m day m a n h xua't k h a u h a n g hda.
FTA giiip t a n g cudng ddng h a n g hoa, dich vu, d a u tU, t h d n g tin va lao ddng giuta h a i nudc.
Thdng qua viec ddi mdi chinh sach trong nudc, sifa ddi l u a t p h a p va quy dinh n h a m t h u hiit d a u t u nUdc ngoai.
Qua FTA cd the tao ra mdi trUdng dau tu canh tranh hdn.
Tao dieu kien thuan ldi chd cac dcanh nghiep cua hai nu'dc.
FTA se guip tang cUdng hdp tac song phudng giuta hai nu'dc ve nhieu mat trcng khudn khd cac quy dinh dUdc dam phan va ky ket.
Qua FTA cd the thie't lap cd che tU van va giai quyet tranh chap hdp ly hdn nham cai thien mdi trudng kinh ddanh giufa hai nu'dc. thiic day hdp tac va phat trien xuat khau.
Giiip Viet Nam cd the thcat ra khdi cac dinh che ban hep mang tinh khu viic.
Nhung ldi ich mang tinh chien lu'dc va chinh tri.
2) Dit bdo nhiing thdch thdc
Nay sinh cac tranh chap thu'dng mai la dieu ta't yen va ra't binh thudng.
Cdn sd't FTA vdi Hda Ky cd the la ket qua cua mdt tam ly thee mdt va mdt FTA nhu vay. ngoai ldi ich ve kinh te. ciing se tac ddng tieu ciic den chinh tri. xa hdi.
Mdi tmdng dau tu cua \"iet Nam se dUdc cac doanh nghiep Hoa Ky quan tam.
Viec ky Hiep dinh la sil kien quan trong. song mdi chi la budc dau. Qua trinh phe chuan va nhat la viec thiic hien Hiep dinh se khdng ddn gian.
Ngay thu tuc phe chuan Hiep dinh d Hda Ky cUng kha phiic tap. Hoa Ky la mdt nen kinh te ldn hang dau the gidi va d trinh dd phat t n e n cao.
3 ) Nhiing bdt ldi vd khd khdn Khd khan chd mot sd' nganh san xua't trong niidc trong viec nd liIc de thich ifng va tru vung.
Ngudn thu thue nhap khau ddi vdi hang nhap khau tif Hoa Ky vao Viet Nam se mat di do thilc hien lich trinh giam thue...
4. Giai phap thiet lap Khu viic Mau dich Tvf do Viet Nam - Hoa ky
Ij Gidi phdp van dgng chinh tri d cdc cdp do khdc nhau
Van ddng chinh tri ca'p cao:
Van ddng cac doanh nghiep ldn cua Hoa Ky vao viec tao ra ddng liic thuyet phuc Chinh phu ky ke't FTA;
Van ddng thdng qua dai sif quan va thu'dng \ai cua Hda Ky tai Ha Ndi:
Van ddng thdng qua dai sif quan va thu'dng Mj. cua Viet Nam tai Hca Ky;
Lap nhiing chUdng trinh cdng tac tham va'n vdi mot sd' nUdc ddi tac va khdng phai ddi tac ve FTA;
Van ddng thdng qua cdng ddng ngu'di Viet nam d Hda Ky.
2j Gidi phdp tdng cUdng quan he ngogi giao
Tang cUdng quan he kinh te.
thu'dng mai. khoa hoc. cdng nghe, giao due va dao tao.
Tang cUdng cac hdat ddng vieng tham. hdi dam cap cao va cd cac cudc tie'p xiic vdi quan chifc chinh quyen.
cac nghi sy Qud'c hdi.
Nang cao hieu qua boat dong cua cac thu'dng vu...
3) Nhdm gidi phdp thdc ddy thitc hien cdc cam ket BTA Viet Nam - Hoa Ky vd cam ket WTO
* Ddi vdi Nhd nitdc
Cai thien mdi trUdng kinh doanh theo hudng dap ifng difg'c cac cam ke't BTA Viet Nam - Hoa Ky va cam ke't hdi nhap WTO.
Nang cao hdn nuta hieu qua heat ddng cua Hdi ddng tU va'n ca'p cao Viet Nam - Hoa Ky ve nang cao kha
nang canh t r a n h cua Viet Nam.
Uu tien thu hiit dau tu cua cac
doanh nghiep trong va ngoai nUdc vao
linh viic san xua't hang xua't khau.
Xay diing chien lUdc p h a t trien cac n g a n h cdng n g h i e p s a n xua't h a n g xua't k h a u .
H o a n t h i e n he t h d n g tieu c h u a n qud'c gia phii hdp vdi cac tieu c h u a n qud'c te.
Day m a n h ky ke't cac hiep dinh c h u y e n n g a n h , cac cdng Udc qud'c te va tich cite t h a m gia cac dien dan t r d n g tiing linh viic, tifng n g a n h .
He trd thdng tin, t a n g cUdng cdng tac tuyen t r u y e n phd bie'n ve thi trUdng va chinh sach thUdng mai qud'c te cua cac thi trudng x u a t k h a u ldn.
N a n g cad k h a n a n g hd trd cua cac cd q u a n dai dien cua Viet N a m d nUdc ngcai ddi vdi cac d c a n h nghiep x u a t k h a u va cd t i e m n a n g xua't khau,...
* Nhdm gidi phdp tit phia cdc hiep hgi Can l a m td't vai trd la cau ndi giiia N h a nUdc va d c a n h nghiep.
Cung ca'p t h d n g tin ve thi trUdng, n g a n h h a n g .
Hd trd d d a n h nghiep n h i e u hdn t r d n g viec xiic tie'n thUdng mai.
Td chifc d a c tad, t a p hua'n, toa dam, hdi t h a o c h u y e n n g a n h de giiip d o a n h nghiep n a n g cad t r i n h do va n a n g Ilic chd ddi ngii can t;d q u a n ly, n a n g cao t a y n g h e cho cdng n h a n .
Hd trd d d a n h nghiep khdi kien va k h a n g kien...
* Nhdm gidi phdp tit phia doanh nghiep
T a n g cudng cdng tac n g h i e n ciiu, d a m bad t h d n g tin t h i trUdng trdng viec r a quye't d i n h cua d c a n h nghiep.
Xay diing chien lUdc tiep can thi trUdng xua't k h a u .
T a n g cUdng ap d u n g cac he thd'ng tieu c h u a n cha't lUdng, tieu c h u a n mdi trUdng, t r a c h n h i e m xa hdi.
Dang ky thUdng h i e u tai thi trUdng xua't k h a u .
Bad ve d d a n h nghiep trUdc nguy cd bi khieu kien t r e n cd sd h o a n thien he thd'ng sd sach chifng til ke toan phu hdp vdi cac quy dinh cua l u a t p h a p va chuan miic qudc te,...
Tan dung lUc lUdng Viet Kieu d a n g sd'ng va lam viec tai nUdc ngcai de day m a n h x u a t k h a u .
* Mgt sd gidi phdp khdc
P h a t trien cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh .dich vu van tai h a n g hoa, nha't la van tai bien va cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh dich vu bao hiem h a n g hoa xua't n h a p khau; xay diing chien lUdc phat trien cac n g a n h chu chd't nhU tai chinh, ngan hang, van tai, bUu chinh vien thdng, giao due dao dao,...
Thiic thi chinh sach tien te hdp ly, dam bad kim che lam p h a t , k h u y e n khich dau t u t r c n g nUdc va t h u hiit dUdc ddng vd'n d a u tU tif nUdc ngoai;
Can cd Id t r i n h dieu chinh q u a n he ty gia theo tifng thdi ky thed hudng cd ldi cho x u a t k h a u ;
Hoan t h i e n cd che, k h u d n khd p h a p ly ve sap n h a p , hdp nha't, p h a san, cd ca'u lai ddanh nghiep;
Tie'p tuc c h i n h sach t h a t chat chi tieu chinh p h u va d a u tU cdng...
