NHUlVG NOI DUNG CO BAN CUA HIEN PHAP Slf A DOI NAM 2013 VE TRACH NHIEM GIAI TRINH CUA
CAC CO QUAN HIEN DINH VA DINH HU^6NG TRIEN KHAI THi/C HIEN
Hd Thi Mai Hien*
Tom tat: Nguyen tdc to chirc vd thuc hiin quyen luc trong Nhd nu&c phdp quyin ddn chit ddi hdi phdi xdc dinh che dp chiu trdch nhiem vd gidi trinh cua chii thi quyin luc doi vai cdc quyet dinh cda minh tru&c cdc chu the co thdm quyen gidm sdt theo ludt djnh. Hien phdp siea doi ndm 2013 ddnh ddu mpt bu&c phdt trien vu0 bgc vi ca chi kiim sodt quyen luc theo nhiing nguyen tdc ciia Nhd nuac phdp quyin xa hpi chii nghia cua Nhdn ddn, do Nhdn ddn, vi Nhdn ddn.
Abstract: The principle of power organization and implementation in a democratic rule-of-law state requires the report and explanation responsibility of agencies conducting state power to agencies having supervision power. The Constitution of 2013 is a milestone of power control mechanism under the principles of a socialist-oriented rule-of-law state of the people, by the people and for the people.
1. Ca so* tiep c^n va xac djnh trach nhiem giai trinh ciia cac cff quan hien dinh theo Hien phdp sua doi nam 2013
Thud ban dau ciia che dp dan chii, Hifin phdp nhd nudc tu sdn chi xde dinh chfi dp trach nhiem ciia Chinh phu trudc Qude hdi trong chinh the dai nghi. Cdng vfi sau, ciing vdi qua trinh phdt trifin cua dan chu vd Nha nudc phap quyfin, chfi dp trach nhifim cua chil thfi quyen luc ngay cang dugc md rdng pham vi vd ddi tupng theo eo chfi gidm sat quyfin lye. Co ehe traeh nhifim ciia chu thfi quyfin luc trong Hifin phdp Viet Nam cung phdt trien theo nhiing quy luat khaeh quan nhu vdy.
Vdi vai trd la dao ludt co bdn ciia Nhd nude, ngdy 28/11/2013, Hifin phap mdi cua nudc Cpng hda xd hdi chii nghTa Viet Nam da duoc Quoc hgi thdng qua va cd hifiu Iuc
PGS.TS., Vien Nha nirac va Phap luat.
tir ngdy 01/01/2014.
Hifin phdp sira ddi nam 2013 dupc ban hdnh danh dau mdt budc phdt trifin mdi, cdn bdn, trfin eo sd kfi thira Hifin phap 1992 va cac bdn Hifin phdp trudc day. Id sy the hien ngdy cdng ddy dii hon quan difim cita Dang, tu tudng Chu tjch Hd Chi Minh vfi dan ehii, chil quyfin nhdn dan vd Nhd nudc phap quyfin, vfi mdi quan he giiia nha nudc vdi cdng ddn, vfi td chiic thyc hifin quyfin luc va trdeh nhifim ciia nha nude ddi vdi Nhdn ddn.
Hiin phdp sua doi ndm 2013 la Hiin phdp m&i; mai cd ve cdu true npi dung, cd ve cdch tiep can cdc vdn de ca bdn cua Hien phdp, thi hien ngdy cdng day du han nhirng gid tri pho qudt cua chu nghia lap hien.
trong do ndi bdt nhdt Id the hien quan diem ve ca chi kiim sodt quyen luc, ve trdch nhiim cua nhd nu&c trong viec cong nhdn, ton trgng, bdo dam vd bdo v4 quyen con nguai. quyin cong ddn, coi con ngu&i vd
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quyin con ngu&i la gid tri cao quy nhdt. Id muc tieu, dpng luc ciia todn bp hogt dpng ciia hi thdng chinh tri, cua td chuc bp mdy nhd nu&c.
Mdt trong nhiing difim mdi quan trpng nhdt eiia Hifin phap siia dfii nam 2013 la dfi cao ban nua chit quyfin nhdn dan,dfing thdi nhan manh traeh nhifim giai trinh eiia Nhd nude trude nhan ddn. Ca s& tiip can trdch nhiem gidi trinh ciia cdc ca quan hiin dinh theo Hiin phdp siea doi ndm 2013 Id cdc nguyin tdc ve to chiec vd hogt dpng ciia ca che quyin liec trong he thdng chinh tri vd bp mdy nhd nu&c trong Nhd nu&c phdp quyin;
tru&c hit Id nguyin tdc vi chu quyin nhdn ddn vd phdn quyin (phdn cdng. phoi hgp vd kiem sodt quyen luc giita cdc ca quan trong td chiec vd thuc hiin quyin luc nhd nu&c).
Thfi chfi hda quan diem ciia Ddng ve nhiing djnh hudng xay dyng Nhd nude phap quyfin, bdo ddm vd phdt huy quyfin Iam chu ciia Nhan dan; cfing nhan, tdn trpng, bdo vfi va bdo ddm quyfin eon ngudi, quyfin cong ddn; thye hifin mue tifiu dan gidu, nudc raanh, ddn chii, cdng bang, van minh, mpi ngudi ed eudc song am no, ty do, hanh phiic, cd dieu kien phdt trifin todn difin, Hifin phdp khdng dinh cdc nguyen tdc co ban ve tfi chiic vd hoat ddng cua he thdng chinh trj ndi chung, cua bd mdy nhd nudc ndi rifing.
Theo quy dinh tai Difiu 2:
" I . Nha nudc Cfing hda xa hdi chii nghia Viet Nam la Nha nudc phdp quyfin xa hpi ehii nghia cita Nhan dan, do Nhdn dan, vi Nhan ddn.
2. Nudc Cdng hda xd hpi chii nghia Viet Nam do Nhdn ddn Idm chii; tdt cd quyen lire nhd nu&c thupc vi Nhdn ddn ma nfin tang la lifin minh giiia giai e i p cong nhdn vdi giai cap ndng dan va dpi ngu tri thiic.
3. Quyfin luc nhd nudc la thdng nhdt, ed su phdn cdng, phdi hgp, kiem sodt giira cdc CO quan nhd nu&c trong vific thuc hifin ede quyen lap phap, hanh phdp, tu phdp".
Difiu 8 Hien phdp xde djnh:
" 1 . Nhd nude dupe td ehiic va hoat ddng theo Hien phap va phap ludt, qudn ly xd hdi bang Hifin phap vd phap luat, thye hifin nguyfin tac tap trung ddn chit.
2. Cdc eo quan nhd nudc, edn bd, edng chirc, vifin chiic phai tdn trpng Nhan dan, tan tuy phue vy Nhdn dan, lifin he chat che vdi Nhan dan, Idng nghe y kifin va chju sy gidm sat cita Nhdn dan; kifin quyet ddu tranh chdng tham nhiing, lang phi va mgi bifiu hifin quan lifiu, hach dich, cira quyfin".
Tren co sd cde nguyfin t i c co ban neu trfin, Hifin phdp sira dfii ndm 2013 da ed nhung quy djnh cu thfi vfi chiic nang, nhifim vu, quyfin ban, eiing nhu phuong thtic boat dpng cita eac co quan nhd nudc. Vfi nguyfin tde, Nha nudc phdp quyen la nha nudc dfi eao chii quyfin nhdn dan; cdc tfi chiie, eo quan nhd nude Id nhung chu thfi thuc hifin quyfin lye nhd nude do Nhdn ddn uy quyfin, dupc td ehiie va hoat ddng theo nguyfin tdc dan ehii, phai chiu trdch nhiem trude Nhan ddn vfi mpi quyet djnh cita minh. Mat khdc, CO ehe quyfin luc theo nguyfin t i c phdn cdng, phdi hop va kifim sodt giiia cdc c a quan nhd nudc trong vific thyc hifin quyfin lap phap, hdnh phap va t u phap ddi hdi phdi xde djnh c a chfi thuc hien trdch nhifim gidi trinh cua chii the trude e a quan ed t h i m quyfin gidm sat. Dfi cd thfi xac dinh dupc ede quyfit djnh eua cdc e a quan nha nude Id dling t h i m quyen, diing phdp ludt, thyc hifin trach nhifim gidi trinh mdt each cdng khai, minh bach la rapt trong nhiing phuang thiic boat ddng hifiu qua ciia cdc co quan nha nudc cua thdi hifin deii. Trfin tinh thin dd.
NHA NUdc VA PHAPLU^TSO 6/2014 Hifin phdp sira dfii ndm 2013 tifip tuc khdng djnh vd dfi cao vai trd eua Qufic hgi, la eo quan dai bifiu eao nhdt cua Nhdn dan, ca quan quyfin luc nha nudc cao nhat eiia nude Cpng hoa xd hdi chu nghia Viet Nam co quyfin thue hifin quyfin lap hifin, quyfin lap phdp, quyfit djnh cdc van de quan trgng eiia ddt nude vd giam sat tdi cao ddi vdi boat ddng eiia Nha nude; ddng thdi xdc djnh cu the quyfin han, nhifim vu, trach nhiem cua cac CO quan hanh phdp vd tu phap trude Nhan dan, trudc Qudc hgi. Dfi cap dfin trach nhiem ciia Nha nudc phap quyfin, GS.TS.
Nguyfin Ddng Dung nhan raanh: "Khdc vdi eac nha nudc binh thudng khde, nha nude phap quyen phai la rapt nhd nude chju trdeh nhiera. Mudn vay thi eae bd phan cau thanh ciia nha nudc phai chju trdch nhiera". Mat khdc, theo dng, "ndi dfin sy ehju traeh nhifim cua nhd nude Id ndi den sy ehju trdch nhifim ciia Chfnh phii... Npi dung cita su chju trach nhifim la Chfnh phu phai giai trinh cae hoat dgng cua Chinh phu trudc nhdn dan hoac trudc co quan lap phap tiiy theo each thiic lap ra Chinh phii"'
2. Xac djnh cu the trach nhiem giai trinh cua cac co quan hien dmh theo Hien phap sua doi nam 2013
Bao cao giai trinh Id phuang thiic hoat ddng cua cdc eo quan nha nudc da dupc ghi nhan vd thue hien trong thye tifin td ehiic vd hoat dpng eiia cac co quan nhd nudc ta tir trudc dfin nay. Thuat ngii "giai trinh", "bdo edo gidi trinh" da dupe su dung trong rdt nhifiu van ban cua cdc eo quan Chinh phit va Qudc hdi. Tuy nhien, Hien phdp sua ddi nam 2013 dd ghi nhan cu thfi thuat ngii
Khoa Luat, Dai hoc quoc gia Ha Noi, GS.TS.
Nguyen Dang Dung, "Chinh phu trong Nh^ nuac phap quy6n", s4ch chuyen khao, Ha Npi, 2008;
tr.105-106;
"trdeh nhifim gidi trinh" cua mot sfi ehii thfi trong rapt dieu khodn vfi td chire vd hoat ddng eita ede Uy ban cua Qudc hfii (Difiu 77):
"1. Hpi dong dan tgc, cdc Uy ban cda Qudc hdi cd quyfin yfiu clu thdnh vien Chinh phu, Chanh dn Tda an nhdn dan tfii cao, Vifin trudng Vifin kifim sat nhan dan tfii cao, Tdng Kifim toan nhd nude va cd nhdn hiiu quan bao cdo, gidi trinh hoac eung cap tai lieu vfi nhfing vln dfi cdn thifit. Ngudi dupe yfiu edu cd trach nhifim dap ung yeu cau dd.
2. Cdc eo quan nha nude cd trdeh nhifim nghifin eiru va tra ldi nhung kifin nghi ciia Hgi ddng dan tdc vd cdc IJy ban cua Qufic hdi".
"Gidi trinh" Id mdt thuat ngu mdi, lan dau tifin dugc Hifin phdp quy djnh; mac du trong thye tifin hoat dfing cita cdc eo quan nhd nudc tir trudc dfin nay dd tdn tai hinh thiie "bao cdo gidi trinh" cua Uy ban Thudng vu Qude hgi, Bao cao giai trinh ciia Chinh phli trude Qudc hpi, bdo edo giai trinh eua cac Bd vd Bd trudng trude Qufic hdi vd cde Uy ban cua Qufic hdi.
Vgy phdi chdng, trdch nhiem gidi trinh cua cdc ca quan hien dinh chi dugc xdc dinh trong phgm vi npi dung vd quyen hgn giUa cdc chu thi theo quy dinh tgi Diiu 77 Hien phdp mai? Theo y kifin ca nhan tac gia, vific xde djnh trdeh nhifim gidi trinh eiia cde CO quan hifin dinh d moi qudc gia, ngoai nhiing difim chung vfi nguyfin tdc, se cfi nhung dac difim rifing, phu thudc vao chinh thfi ciia nha nude dd, ciing nhu viee xac djnh vj trf, vai trd, nhifim vu, quyen ban cua cdc ca quan trong bd mdy nha nudc. Vi vay, trdch nhiim gidi trinh cua cdc co quan hiin dinh theo Hiin phdp sua doi ndm 2013 dugc xdc dinh phdi co phgm vi rpng hon, do
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Id nghta vu cua ca quan nhd nuac & tdm hiin phdp cd trdch nhiem phdi bdo cdo, gidi thich ro rdng ve nhieng npi dung S{r viec vd cdc quyet dinh thupc thdm quyin cong vu cua minh truac Nhdn ddn vd tru&c cdc chii Ihi CO thdm quyin gidm sdt theo hien dinh.
Trong Ijch su phdt trien cua cdc nfin dan chu hifin dai, trdch nhifim gidi trinh vfi cdc quyfit djnh eua Nhd nudc dupc ddt ra nhdm phuc vu vific hpp ly hda vd kifira sodt cde quyfit dinh cita Nhd nudc. Thfing thudng, vfi ly Iudn eiing nhu thuc tien, trung tdm vd muc tifiu cita Hifin phdp la bao vfi quyfin con ngudi, quyfin cdng dan, theo dd, trdeh nhifim gidi trinh trudc het Id eua eae co quan hanh phdp va tu phap khi ra cac quyfit djnh lifin quan dfin quyfin con ngudi, quyfin cfing ddn. Theo Hifin phdp Cong hda Lifin bang Diic, nghTa vu gidi trinh dupc xdc djnh la mfit trong nhtrng nguyfin tdc cita Nhd nudc phdp quyfin cimg ddng thdi vdi cdc nguyfin t i c khac nhu: nguyfin tac dan chu, nguyen tie phan ehia quyen lye, nguyfin tdc vfi hieu Iyc phap ly eao nhit cua Hifin phdp, nguyfin t i c vfi tfnh thdng nhdt ciia he thong phap luat, nguyfin t i e vfi sy tuan thu, chip hdnh phdp luat cua cdc co quan hanh phdp va tu phap, nguyfin t i c vfi an todn phap luat va bdo vfi sy tin cay vao phap ludt,...Tuy nhifin, cde tdc gia nghifin eiiu Hifin phdp Lien bang Diic eho r i n g , "vfi nguyfin tac, nghTa vu nay ddt ra ddi vdi ede quyet djnh hdnh chinh gdy bit Ipi cho ddi tugng thyc hifin va cdc ban an cua Tda an, khdng phdi cho tit cd cac hoat ddng ciia nhd nude. Vific ban hdnh cdc quyfit djnh tao thuan Ipi cho ddi tupng thye hifin vd vific ban hdnh vdn bdn quy pham phdp luat khdng e i n phdi cd giai trinh blng vdn bdn"^-
^ van phdng Quic hfli, "Qu6c h0i trong Nhi n^6c
Tai Hoa Ky, cung xudt phdt tir cac nguyfin t i c eita Nha nudc phdp quyfin dan chu, trdch nhiem gidi trinh gan lifin vdi chat v l n vd difiu trin uy ban ciia Qude hdi. Thud ban ddu, difiu trin iiy ban vd trach nhifim gidi trinh mdi ehi dupc xem nhu Id "phuong thiic chii yfiu ma cac uy ban su dung dfi thu thap vd phdn tich cdc thfing tin trong cdc giai doan trudc khi thiet lap chinh sdeh lap phap" . Tuy nhien, vol su tdng cudng dan chu vd chiic ndng eiia Quoc hpi ngay cang md rpng, van de giam sdt vd kifim soat quyfin lye dupc dat ra ngay cdng tdng, difiu tran iiy ban dugc md rpng eiing vdi vific thyc hifin cdc chiic ndng cua Qudc hdi.
Trong bdi nghifin ciiu cua PGS. TS. Ngd Huy Cuong, (trich ddn ngudn tdi lieu cua hpe gid Hoa Ky Id Richard C.Sachs, Types of Committee Hearings, CRS Report for Congress, June 24, 2004) dd dua ra bfin loai difiu trdn sau ddy :
Difiu trdn lap phap (legislative hearings);
Difiu trdn gidm sat (oversight hearings);
Difiu tran dieu tra (investigative hearings);
Difiu tran phfi chuan (confirmation hearings).
Tuy nhifin, cde hpc gia ciing nhdn manh vfi tinh tuang ddi ciia su phan loai. Chiing tdi cho rdng, tat cd ede Ioai dieu tran dfiu xuat phdt tir chiic ndng tdng qudt cita Qude hdi, vi tri, vai trd cita Qudc hgi trong he thdng td ehiie thyc hifin quyfin lue nhdn dan.
phip quyen Cong hfla Lien bang Di>c", Nxb. Chinh trj quflc gia, HdNfli, 2008, tr.62.
^ Nhu chd thich 2.
* PGS.TS. Ngfl Huy Cirong, "Difiu trin uy ban cua Quflc h^i vk su cin thiSt tiSp nh$n che djnh nky 6 VietNam", T^p chi Nghien ciiu l|ip phip, so 3/2011, tr.5.
NHA NUQC VA PHAP LUAT SO 6/2014 Difiu trdn uy ban va trdch nhifim giai trinh la mfit trong nhung difim mdi ciia Hifin phap sira dfii ndm 2013 dupe ghi nhan tai Difiu 77. Tuy nhien, traeh nhifim giai trinh eiia ede ea quan nhd nudc theo quy djnh cua Hifin phap khong chi dimg lai trong pham vi phifin hpp difiu trdn uy ban. Difiu tran ity ban la rapt trong nhiing phuong thiic hoat ddng ciia Qufic hpi,trong bdi canh can tdng cudng tinh chuyen trdch, tinh thudng true ciia Qufic hgi trong vific thuc hien chiie ndng cua minh, tfnh cdng khai, rainh bach, tinh chju trach nhifim trong boat dpng eiia nha nude trong thdi dai de cao vai trd ciia thfing tin va quyfin tiep can thfing tin.
Vdi nhiing nfii dung quy dinh ciia Hien phap siia dfii nam 2013, trach nhiem gidi trinh dugc hifiu la phucmg phap td ehiic thuc hien quyfin lye, theo dd, ca nhdn hodc co quan cd tham quyfin thuc hien vific bao cao, gidi thich mfit van de nao dd eho rd rang va day dii trude chu thfi gidm sdt theo yfiu cau hoac djnh ky theo luat dinh. Trach nhiem gidi trinh ciia cdc co quan hien dinh theo Hifin phap sua doi nam 2013 dugc xdc dinh vdi nhirng ehii thfi sau:
Thif nhdt, tat ca cae co quan nha nudc phai cd trach nhifim bdo cao, gidi trinh trudc Nhan dan, (trudc Mat trdn Td qudc Viet Nam) tryc tifip hoac va thfing qua eac phucmg tifin thong tin dai chiing; Cdc tfi chiic Dang vd Dang vifin chju trach nhifim bao cao, giai trinh trudc nhan dan vfi nhiing quyet djnh eiia minh;
Thu hai, theo quy djnh tai Difiu 70 Hifin phap radi vfi quyfin giam sat tdi cao vific tuan theo Hifin phap, phap luat vd nghi quyfit cua Qudc hdi, Chii tich nudc, Uy ban Thudng vu Qudc hgi, Chinh phu, Tda an nhan dan tdi cao, Vien kifim sat nhan dan tfii cao, Hdi ddng bau cir qudc gia, Kifim todn
nhd nudc va ede eo quan khdc do Qudc hfii thanh lap chiu trdch nhiem bao cao trudc Qudc hdi:
Chil tich nu&c chiu trdch nhiim vd bdo cdo cong tdc tru&c Quoc hpi (Dieu 87);
Chinh phu chiu trdch nhiim tru&c Quoc hpi vd bdo cdo cong tdc tru&c Qudc hpi, Uy ban Thu&ng vu Quoc hpi. Chu tich nuac (Diiu 94);
Thu tu&ng Chinh phit thuc hien che dp bdo cdo tru&c Nhdn ddn thong qua cdc phuong tien thong tin dgi chiing vi nhiing vdn di quan trgng thupc thdm quyin gidi quyet ciia Chinh phu vd Thu tu&ng Chinh phil (khodn 6 Diiu 98);
Bp tru&ng, Thil truang ca quan ngang Bp Id thdnh vien Chinh phu vd la ngudi dung ddu Bp, CO quan ngang Bp, ldnh dgo cong tdc cua Bd. ca quan ngang Bp; chiu trdch nhiem qudn ly nhd nu&c ve ngdnh, linh vuc dugc phdn cong; td chuc thi hdnh vd theo doi viic thi hdnh phdp ludt lien quan den nganh, lmh vuc trong phgm vi todn quoc. Bp tru&ng, Thii tru&ng co quan ngang Bp bdo cdo cong tdc tru&c Chinh phil, Thil tu&ng Chinh phu; thuc hiin che dp bdo cdo tru&c Nhdn dan ve nhiing vdn de quan trgng thupc trdch nhiem qudn ly (Diiu 99);
Chdnh dn Tda dn nhdn ddn tdi cao, Vien tru&ng Vien kiem sdt nhdn ddn tdi cao chiu trdch nhiim vd bdo cdo cong tdc tru&c Qudc hpi; trong th&i gian Qudc hpi khong hop, chiu trdch nhiim vd bdo cdo cong tdc truac ily ban Thu&ng vu Quoc hpi, Chii tich nu&c (Diiu 105. 108);
Tdng Kiim todn nhd nu&c chiu trdch nhiem vd bdo cdo cong tdc tru&c Quoc hgi;
trong thai gian Qudc hpi khong hgp. chiu trdch nhiim vd bdo cdo tru&c Uy ban Thu&ng vu QuSc hgi (Diiu 118);
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Difiu 113, 114 xae djnh cdc ca quan chinh quyfin dia phucmg: Hgi ddng Nhdn ddn dia phuang chiu trdch nhiem tru&c Nhdn ddn vd ca quan nhd nu&c cdp tren;
Uy ban nhdn ddn chju trach nhifim trudc Hdi ddng nhdn dan vd co quan hdnh chinh nha nudc cap trfin;
Rifing trdeh nhifim gidi trinh tai phien hgp difiu tran Uy ban, Hfii dfing ddn tgc dupe xdc dinh tai Difiu 77 bao gdm cac thanh vifin cita Chinh phii, Chdnh dn Tda dn nhdn dan tdi eao, Vifin trudng Vifin kifim sdt nhan dan tdi cao, Tdng kifim todn nhd nudc vd cd nhdn hiiu quan bdo cao, gidi trinh ho^c cung cap tai lieu vfi nhiing vdn dfi ein thifit khi ed yfiu edu ciia Uy ban vd Hpi ddng dan tde eiia Quoe hgi.
Trdch nhifim gidi trinh trong Hifin phdp sua doi ndm 2013 dupc xde dinh bao ham cd cdc td chiic cua Dang vd ede Ddng vifin Dang Cdng sdn (theo quy djnh tai Dieu 4).
Viec thuc hien trdch nhi$m giai trinh theo chi dp dinh ky vd khi co nhiing vdn de dgt ra. Nhu vgy, trdch nhi§m gidi trinh ciia cdc ca quan hiin dinh theo Hiin phdp siea ddi ndm 2013 la mgt trong nhicng npi dung quan trgng cua ca che hiin dinh ve td chiec. thuc hiin quyin liec chinh tri, quyen luc nhd nuac, khdng dinh Nhd nu&c vd cdc chii thi quyin luc & tdm Hiin phdp phdi biit chiu trdch nhiim tru&c nhdn ddn bdng cdch cung cdp thdng tin, gidi thich cu the, ro rdng, cdng khai nhieng chinh sdch. quyit dinh cua minh ine&c cdc chu the cd thdm quyen gidm sdt theo quy dinh cua Hien phdp, nhdm ton trong, bdo ddm vd bdo vi quyen con ngie&i, quyen ca bdn ciia cdng ddn.
3. Mot so dinh hirdng trien khai thi hdnh Hien phap sua doi nam 2013 ve trdch nhi^m giai trinh ciia cdc co quan hi^n djnh
Hifin phdp Id dao ludt eo ban, ndi dung eua Hifin phdp la nfin tdng, co sd cho toan bd he thdng phdp ludt. Vi vay, trifin khai thi hdnh Hien phdp ddi hdi phdi thuc hien nhung nhifim vu nhdm dam bdo cdc quy djnh Hifin phdp dupe thuc thi, day manh vd bdo ve, bao gdra:
Ve thuc thi
- Tdng ra sodt todn bd h? thdng phap luat (bao gfim tdt ca cac bg phdn cdu thdnh cua nd) dfi trfin co sd do, nhanh chdng xay dung ede vdn bdn, cde dao luat vfi td chde bd may nha nudc.
- Thiet lap nhiing thfi che mdi theo quy djnh bdi Hifin phdp, dd la xde djnh quyfin ban, nhifim vu va cung cap ngudn lue, nhdn sy can cd cho cac thifit che boat dfing cd hieu qua. Hoat dpng ndy cimg tifin hdnh song song vdi qud trinh sua ddi ede dao Iudt vfi tfi ehiic va boat dfing eua bg mdy nha nudc.
Nha nudc la rapt thiet chfi quyfin Iuc eua Nhdn ddn, tfi ehiie vd hoat ddng vi lpi ich cua Nhdn dan, phung sy nhan ddn.
Trdch nhiera eua Nhd nudc vd quyfin con nguoi, quyfin edng ddn Id hai raat cua mdt van de, hai npi dung chii yfiu cita Hifin phdp cd mdi quan he hiiu co, quan he bifin chiing vdi nhau. De Hifin phdp dupe thye thi Jiifiu qua, nhu cau dat ra can thifit thdnh lap rapt thiet chfi mdi chuyen theo doi vd kifim tra thyc thi Hifin phdp nhu Thanh tra Qufic hfii.
Ban hdnh nhiing dao Iuat va chinh sdch mdi cho phii hpp vd bdi bd nhimg quy djnh, nhiing dao luat mau thuan vdi Hien phdp mdi. Duy tri cdc phifin hpp giai trinh do cdc Uy ban, ca quan ciia Qudc hdi khda XIII td chtic va dd duge phat sdng true tifip tren kfinh truyfin hinh qufic gia hoac cac phuang tifin truyfin thfing dua tin. Vi du:
NHA NUCfC VA PHAP LUAT SO 6/2014 + Phifin hpp difiu trdn ciia Uy ban Phap luat cua Qufic hdi, tiie Id Phifin hpp gidi trinh ciia Bfi Xdy dyng trudc Uy ban Phap luat ciia Qufie hfii ve Thdng tu 16/TT-BXD ngay 25/2/2014.
+ Phifin hgp gidi trinh trudc Uy ban Thudng vu Qudc hdi vd ede Dodn Dai bifiu Qufic hpi cde tinh vfi trdch nhifim qudn ly thj trudng trudc nhiing dien bifin phiie tap vfi gid nfing san, thu mua mpt sd mat hang ndng sdn ciia thuang lai nude ngodi (thdng 4/2014).
- Phien hgp gidi trinh do Uy ban Khoa hpe va Cdng nghfi tfi chiic nham nghe cac Bfi truong bdo cao giai trinh mgt sfi vdn dfi ve "Khoa hge - edng nghfi vdi phdt trifin nong nghifip vd nfing thfin" cua Bd Ndng nghiep vd Phdt trien ndng thdn, Bd Khoa hpc vd Cfing nghfi, Bd Cfing Thuong (ngay 8/4/2014).
Cde phifin hpp gidi trinh ciia cac ca quan nha nudc trong thdi gian qua la co sd thue tifin cho qua trinh thye thi Hien phap sira dfii ndm 2013 vfi trach nhifim gidi trinh cua CO quan nhd nude hifin dinh.
b) Ve thuc day, tang cu&ng dua Hien phdp vao cupc song
Cdc nhiem vu tiip theo dugc triin khai nhdm xdy dung cdc thiit che nen tdng cho viec thuc hien trdch nhiim gidi trinh •
+ Ban hanh cac dao Iuat vfi phuang thiie giam sat cua nhdn ddn doi vdi ede ca quan nha nudc, giua eac co quan, td chiie quyfin Iyc, cde dao Iudt ve cdc quyfin tu do cua eon ngudi, cua cdng dan: Ludt vfi trung cdu y dan, Luat vfi thong tin, quyfin tifip can thfing tin, Luat vfi hfii, Luat vfi gidm sat va phan bifin xd hfii, vd nhifiu ludt khac...
+ Ddm bao cho cdc thiet che dupc thiet
lap theo Hifin phdp cd du nguon luc vd nhung su trg giup khdc nhu: xdy dung mgng lu&i truyin thdng, thiit lap Trung tdm truyin thong vd gidm sdt thuc thi Hiin phdp, tdng cu&ng hon nUa so lugng dgi biiu chuyen trdch cho cdc Uy ban ciia Qudc hpi, cdc Dodn Dgi bieu Quoc hdi di cdc thiet chi ndy CO dieu kien hogt dpng thuang xuyin.
+ Td ehiie dinh ky cac cudc tnmg cau y kifin nhan dan vfi hoat ddng ciia Nha nudc vd cde edng ehde, vien chue nhd nude; dfing thdi dam bao difiu kifin edn thifit eho cdc chu thfi quyfin lye thue hien trach nhifim gidi trinh vdi nhan dan vd vdi ede chii thfi co thdm quyfin gidm sat.
H- Bao dam quyfin tifip can cdng iy cua ngudi ddn.
+ Tao difiu kifin cho cfing chung tham gia vao eac cdng vific nha nudc va cpng ddng.
c) Ve bdo vi Hien phdp
Nhdn thiec day du vd nhieng hogt dpng hu&ng t&i tinh todn ven ciia Hiin phdp, the hiin nhu sau:
+ Xay dung he thdng cac chfi tai va ca ehfi xd ly khi vi pham Hifin phap (trong do cd vi pham trdch nhifim gidi trinh), vi du, kfit hgp van dfi tir chiic va bd phifiu tin nhifim.
+ Xdy dung eac van ban, dao Iuat ve tfi ehiic bp may nhd nude, vfi cac thifit che trong td chirc vd thyc hien quyen lye vfi co ehfi bao ddm vd bdo vfi ede quyfin con ngudi, quyfin edng dan.
+ Trong giai doan hifin nay, khi chua cd thifit ehfi tai phan la Tda an Hifin phdp thi Thanh tra Qudc hdi la mgt thifit chfi phu hop vdi CO ehe thyc thi Hifin phap ciia Vi?t Nam.
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