Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tnrdng Dgi hoc Cdn TIta Tgp 54 So 6B (2018). 63-71
Tap chi Khoa hpc Trifdng Dai hpc Can ThcJ
Phan B: Nong nghiep, Thuy san va Cong nghe Sinh hoc
website: sj.ctu.edu.vn ;,- ,, DOI:10.22i44/ctu.jvn 2018.097
1
P H A N L A P V A K H A O S A T SU" D E K H A N G K H A N G S I N H C U A
C A C C H t J N G V I K H U A N Escherichia coli T R E N V I T T ^ T i N H V I N H L O N G Cao T h u a n ' ^ v a L y Thi L i e n Khai^
'Chi cue Chdn nuoi vd Thuy tinh VTnh Long
^Khoa Nong nghiep vd Sinh hgc Ung dung, Truong Dgi hoc Cdn Tho 'Nguoi chiu trdch nhiem ve bdi viet. Cao Thudn (email: [email protected])
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted from October 2016 to August 2017. The method for E coli isolation was done following Barrow and Feltham (2003) and Viet Nam stcmdard, TCVN 5155-90 The results showed that 2.238 diseased ducks/44 750 surveyed ducks from 52 duck flocks, accounting for 5%. The isolated results from 200 fecal samples were E. coli positive at rate of 100%, specifically in lung (805%), in bone marrow (75.5%), in liver (74%) and lowest in spleen (71%) TTie disease caused by E. coli on ducks depended on breed as supper meat ducks (61%) was higher than Co duck (39%).
The rale of disease of these ducks form 0 to 30 days old (51%) was higher than that of the ducks at 90 days old (26.5%) and 31 to 90 days old (22 5%f The serotypes ofE.
coli icluding 01 (12.73%), 078 (10.91%), 0111 (818%), 035 (8 57%,), 018 (7.27%), 092(5 71%,). 036, 081 and 093 accounted for 2.86% the serotype of02 that did not find. The E. coli was moderate resistant to ampicillin (54.44%), streptomycin
(53.85%). trimethoprim/sulfamethazine (53 85%) and tetracycline (52 07%) and showed multi-drugs resistance from 2 to 12 out of 13 kinds of antibiotics with 79 diversified and complex resistant patterns. The sensitive antibiotics can be used for treatment of diseases on the ducks caused by E coli were cefuroxime (97 63), doxycycline (91 72%). florphenicol (91.12%), amikacin (90.53%), ciprofloxacin (82.25%), ceftazidime (75.74%), colistin (75.15%), ofloxacin (6568%), and gentamycin (65.09%).
T 6 M TAT
Nghien ciru duac thuc hien tir thdng 10/2016 den thdng 8/2017. Phuong ph^ phdn Igp VI khudn Escherichia coli duoc thiic hi^n theo quy trinh cua Barrow and Feltham (2003) vd tieu chudn VietNam, TCVN 5155-90. Kit qud cho thdy cd 2.238 con vit benh /44.750 con khdo sdt tic 52 dan, chiem tyle 5% Ket qud phdn lap cho thdy 200 mdu phdn vit benh deu duong tinh VOI vi khudn E. coh chiem ty le 100% cao nhdt Id phoi (80.5%), keden tiiyxuong (75,5%), gan (74%) vd thdp nhdt a Idch (71%). Benh do vi khudn E coli phu thugc vdo giong vit vil sieu thit (61%) chiem ly le cao hon vit cd (39%). Vft dudi 30 ngdy tuoi (51%) cd ty 14 b^nh cao hem vit tren 90 ngdy tuoi (26,5%) vdSl den90ngdytu6i(22,5%).CdcchungE coUOl (I2.73%),078(10,91%),0111 (8,18%), 035 (8,57%), 018 (7,27%), 092 (5.71%). 036. 081 yd 093dSu chiim ty 14 2,86% vd khong phdt hien chdng 02. Vi khudn E. coli da de khdng trung binh vdi ampicillin (54,44%), streptomycin (53,85%), trimethoprim/sulfamethazole (53,85%) vd tetracycline (52,07%) vd da da khdng tir 2 den 12/13 loai khdng sinh kiem tra vdi 79 kieu hinh da khdng rdt da dgng vd phiic tgp Cdc khdng sinh cdn nhgy cdm cd the su dung dieu Iri benh do E. coli tren vit Id cefuroxime (97,63), doxycycline (91,72%).
florphenicol (91,12%). amikacin (90,53%), ciprofloxacin (82,25%), ceftazidime (75.74%). colistin (75,15%). ofloxacin (65.68%), gentamycin (65,09%f Trich dan: Cao Thuan va Ly Thi Lien Khai, 2018. Phan lap va khao sat su de khang khang sinh ciia cac chung vi khuan
Escherichia coli trea vit t^i tinh Vinh Long. Tap chi Khoa hpc Trudng Dai hoc Can Tho. 54(6B): 63-71.
Thong tin chung:
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 24/10/2017 Ngdy nhdn bdi sira: 06/01/2018 Ngdy duy4t ddng: 30/08/2018
Title:
isolation and investigation of the antibiotic resistance of escherichia coli bacteria in Vinh Long provinces Tir khoa:
De khdng khdng sinh, E.
coli, vil, Vtnh Long Keywords:
Antibiotic, ducks, E. coli, Vinh Long
Tap chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dai hoc Cdn Tha 1 G I O I T H I E U
Vi khudn Escheriachia coli la mdt trong nhimg loai vi khudn chinh sdng ky sinh trong dudng rupt cua dgng vat mau ndng (bao gdm chim va ddng vat cd vu). Vl khudn E. coli hien dien phd bian khap co the gay ra hgi chiing lam sang do nhiim benh E, coli vdi cac chiing khac nhau, bi nhiem trimg dudng tiet nieu, nhiem trimg viem mang nao va benh dudng mot hay tieu chay (James and James, 2010).^ B^nh do vi khudn E. coli xay ra tit ca cac liia mdi, cac gidng, dac biet vit con Ihudng xuyen bi anh hudng vdi miic dp nghiem trgng hon vit thit, vit de (Harry, 1957), Vi khudn E. coli xam nhap vao dudng rupt bing each true tiSp hay gian tiep cua vit^ (Gyles 1992). Khi cac di^u kien nudi duang, khdu phan thiic an, ve sinh thii y kem, siic chdng dd benh tat ciia con vat y6u, vi khuan E. coli trd nen cudng dgc va cd kha nang gay benh. Chiing huyet thanh ciia E.
coll hien nay c6 khoang 180 khang nguyen O, 60 type khang nguyen H va 80 type khang nguyen K (Bames et al., 2008). Nam 2015, Sa Dmh Chi6n da nghien ciiu tinh hinh benh tieu chay do E coli d ngan, vit tai tinh Son La va ket qua cho thay ty le benh chdt do E. coli tren vit la 9,16% Nguyen Thu Tam (2012) da bao cao ty le nhiem E. coli tren 160 con vit tai 03 huy?n O Mon, Cd Dd, Thdt Ndt thupc Thanh phd Cdn Tho cho thdy benh tich dac trung vi khudn E coli tren gan (75%), lach (67,5%) va tim (16,88%i). KSt qua phan Up vi khuan E coh vdi 75 con vit Bau va vit Ddm tai Trung tam Nghien ciiu vjt Dai Xuyen ciia Dang Thi Vui va Nguyen Ba Tiep (2016), trong dd chiing E. coh phan lap tit vit Biiu thudc 6 serotype O, trong dd 0 5 5 chiem ty le cao nhdt (33,3%), ti^p den la 0 1 2 5 (25%), 0 1 6 7 (\ 6,7%) va 3 serotype 0 4 4 , 0 1 5 7 , 0 1 5 8 ciing chigm 8,33%. Serotype 0 2 va 0 7 8 khdng duoc tim thdy trong cac chung phan lap. Tdng sd 33 chiing E. coli phan lap tren vit Ddm thudc ve 5 khang nguyen O Trong dd, 0168 chiem ty le cao nhat (36,36%), tiep dan la 0 2 6 (27,3%), 0 4 4 (18,2%), 0 1 va 0127a ciing chiem ty le 9,1%.
Vinh Long la mot tinh thupc Dong bang sdng Ciiu Long va chan nudi da trd thanh truyen thdng cita cac hd gia dinh, trong dd vit la ddi tupng vat nudi dupe ua chuong nhat, thudng gan hen he thdng canh tac liia nude lau ddi. VTnh Long dang tdn tai hai phuong thirc chan nudi: nudi chay dong va nudi nhdt. Dac biet, chan nudi vit chay dong giup ngudi chan nudi cd the tiet kiem rat Idn chi phi ve thiic an.
Tuy nhien, phuong thiic chan nudi nay c6 nguy ca tiem an dich benh xay ra tren dan vit chay ddng Dd Cling la mot trong nhiing nguyen nhan quan trpng nhat va gay thiet hai nang ne ve nen kinh te cho ngudi chan nudi, trong dd cd rat nhieu benh nhu:
ciim gia cam, dich ta, bai huyet, tu huyet tning, phd
Tdp 54 So 6B (2018)- 63-71 thuong han, dac bipt b?nh do vi khuan E. coli gay ra rdt phd bi6n. Tir nhirng van de tren, nghien cihi nhdm tiin hanh khao sat, phan lap ty le bpnh do vi khudn E. coli gay ra, dinh danh cac chung serotype va kiSm tra su de khang khang sinh ciia cac chiing vi khudn E. coli ddi vdi khang sinh
2 VAT L I E U VA P H i r O N G PHAP N G H I E N CUtJ
2.1 V3t lieu nghien cihi
Nghien ciiu dugc thuc hien tu thang 10/2016 dSn thang 8/2017 vdi 200 mau vit benh cd bieu hien tri?u chung va benh tich cua benh do vi khuan E. coli gay ra duac thu thap tir cac hg chan nudi tai huyen Long Hd, Mang Thit, Tam Binh, Vung Liem tinh Vinh Long Khang huyet thanh chuan de nghien ciiu 01, 0 2 , 0 1 8 , 0 3 5 , 0 3 6 , 0 7 8 , 0 8 1 , 0 9 2 , 0 9 3 v a O l l l dugc sii dung tir san pham cua Cdng ty Statens Serum Institut, Oc. Khang sinh de nghien ciiu gom:
ampicillin, amikacin, ceftazidime, cefiiroxime, colistin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, gentamycin, florphenicol, ofloxacin, streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethazole ciia Cdng ty Nam Khoa, Viet Nam.
2.2 P h u o n g p h a p nghien cihi 2.2.1 Phuong phdp lay mdu
Phuang phap idy mdu va bao quan dugc thuc hien theo QCVN 01-83:2011/BNNPTNT. TiSn hanh idy m l u tren nhimg dan vit cd qui md dan 50 con trd len vdi trieu chiing, benh tich lam sang do vi khudn E. coli gay ra, Nhirng con dugc chpn bi tieu chay nang, cd mau phan trang, trang xanh, co giat, queo dau, sung khdp chan, chay nude mat.
2 2.2 Phucmg phdp phdn lap vi khudn E. colt Mdu benh pham bao gdm: gan, lach, phoi, tiiy xuong va mau phan dugc lay tir hau mdn, dugc phan lap tren mdi trudng theich MacConkey Agar, Nutrient Agar dem u trong dieu kien 37°C/24 gid theo phuong phap phan lap vi khudn E. coli (TCVN 5155-90), Quy trii^ phan lap vi khuan E. colt dugc thuc hien theo quy trinh ciia Barrow and Feltham (2003).
2.2 3 Phuong phdp xdc dinh vd dinh danh cdc serotype ciia vi khudn E. coli
Chimg cua vi khuan E. coli dugc xac dinh bang phan ling ngung ket nhanh tren phien kinh theo phuong phap Edwards and Ewing (1972)
2.2.4 Phuong phdp kiem tra tinh nhgy cdm cua VI khudn E coli voi khdng sinh
Su de khang khang sinh cua vi khuan dugc kiem tra dua theo phuong phap khuech tan tren dta thach thuc hien ciia Bauer et OIT (1966). Miic dp de khang cua vi khuan ddi vdi mgt sd loai khang sinh duc'c danh gia dua vao bang Tieu chudn ciia (CLSI, 2014).
Tgp chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dai hgc Cdn Tha 2.2.5 Phuong phdp xii ly so lieu Sd lieu tho dugc xii ly bdng phdn mSm Excel 2007, phep thir (;f-^) ciia phdn mSmMinitab 16, 0 ( d mire y nghia 5%).
3 KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Tinh hinh h^nh tr&n vit do vi khuan E.
coli tai tinh VTnh Long
Ket qua khao sat tinh hinh benh do vi khuan E.
colt trgn vit cua tinh VTnh Long cho thdy, cd 2.238 con Vlt benh tren tdng sd 44.750 con dugc khao sat.
Tap 54 So 6B (2018) 63-71 chi^m ty le 5%o. T^ le nhiem E. coli trea dan gia cam thdng thudng chiem tren 10%, ty le nhiem benh tang tir khi gia cam mdi nd den 6 ngay tudi, Ty le chet thudng thap hon 5% nhung ddi khi cd the len den 20% (Hd Thi Viet Thu va Ly Thi Lien Khai (2014).
Dan vit nudi tai tinh Vinh Long cd ty le benh vi khuan E. coli tuy kha thap nhung xay ra khap cac dia diem khao sat. Dieu nay cd the la do mam benh tir mdi trudng, chuong trai, thiic an, phuang thiic chan nudi, hay trong dieu kien thdi tiet thay ddi da lam giam siic de khang vit tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho VI khuan E. coli trong dudng mgt phat trien va gay benh.
Bang 1: Ket qua Idiao sat tinh hinh bgnh tren vit do vi khuin E. coli tai tinh VTnh Long
Dia diem dieu tra t-; u- T ' a- / ^ *-•=-,., L - L / \ Ty le nhiem benh (Huyen) ^ ^ " ^ **^**°* ^ ' ^ ^^"°^ ' (%) Mang Thit
VQng Liem Long Hd Tam Binh
13 13 10 16
10.600 14.000 10.250 9.900
591 758 539 350
5,58 5,41 5,26 3,54 P = 0.0000
Tdng cdng 52
Dan vit nudi tai 4 huyen ciia tinh VTnh Long cd ty le benh do nhilm E coli tir 3,54% d^n 5,58%
Trong dd, huyen Mang Thit cd ty le benh cao nhat vdi 5,58%, ke den la Vung Liem (5,41%), huyen Long Ho (5,26%) va thap nhat la huyen Tam Binh (3,54%), va su khac biet nay la rat c6 y nghTa thdng ke (P -0,0000). Ty le vit benh do vi khudn E. coli tai huyen Mang Thit cao nhat do dien tich dat ndng nghiep nhieu, chil chan nudi chpn chan nudi vit thit vdi phuang thirc chay ddng, thdi gian chan nudi ngan tan dung ngudn thirc an tu nhien tren dong mdng nhu liia, dc,,.. rat khd kiem soat dugc benh do vi khuan E. coh gay ra tao dieu kien cho vi khuan E. coli de phat trien lay lan tu huyen nay sang huyen khac va rdt khd thuc hien chan nudi theo hudng an toan sinh hpc, an toan djch benh va dieu kien ve sinh thu y trong chan nudi, Huyen Tam Binh cd ty le benh thdp hon so vdi huyen Mang Thit, Vung Liem, Long Hd do ngudi chan nuoi tai huyen Tam Binh chii yeu nudi hinh thirc chay ddng va dupe tiem phdng cac benh nen cd kha nang de khang cao cao, it bi nhiem benh do vi khuan E. coli gay ra .
Bang 2: Ket qua phSn lap vi khuan E. coli tren mau phSn cua vjt benh Dja di?m dieu tra (Huyen)
Long Hd Mang Thit Tam Binh Vung Liem Tdng cdng
3.2 Ket qua phan lap vi khuan £ . coli tren man phan cua vit bfnh
Qua ket qua phan lap cho thay 200 mau phan deu duang tinh vdi vi khuan E. coli, chiem ty le 100%, ty le phan lap vi khuan E. coli duong tinh d 04 huyen cd ket qua nhu nhau. Nguyen nhan lam anh hudng den kha nang gay benh cua vi khuan E. coli nhu: khi hau thay ddi dot nggt, mua nhieu. thiic an kem chat tugng, quy trinh tiem phdng hay mua nhiing vit khong cd ngudn gdc ro rang, qua trinh van chuyen xa lam giam sire de khang ciia vit, trang thai cang thang (stress); siic de khang ciia co the vit giam siit tao dieu kien cho vi khuan E coli de dang xam nhap vao CO the qua niem mac mdi ciia vit de gay benh.
Theo Nguyen Nhu Thanh va ctv. (1997) va Bames et al.-. (2008), vi khuan E. coli thudng cu tru trong dudng mdt d dieu kien binh thudng thi khdng gay benh, khi cac dieu kien nudi duong, khau phan thirc an, ve sinh thii y kem va siic chdng d o benh tat cua con vat yeu thi vi khuan E. coli trd nen cudng dgc va cd kha nang gay benh tren vit
So m a u ducmg tinh 50 50 50 50
So mau khao sat 50 50 50 50
Ty Ic % 100 100 100 100
Tap chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha 3.3 K^t qua p h a n ISp vi khu4n E. coli tren cac loai benh p h a m
Kat qua phan lap vi khuan E. coli cua cac ca quan ciia vit bi nhiim benh vdi 602 mau duong tinh, chiam ty le 75,25%. Trong dd, phdi chiim ty le 80,5%, ka din nly xuong chiim ty le 75,5%, sau do la gan chiim ty le 74% va cudi ciing la lach chilm ty le 7 1 % va su khac biet nay rat cd y nghia thdng ka (P=0,0000) Do VI khudn E. coli khdng chi hien dien trong dudng mgt ma con trong cac co quan npi tang nhu: phdi, tiiy xucng, gan va lach, gay ra cac biln doi benh ly. Vi khuan xam nhap qua dudng hd hdp, dudng smh san gay benh true tiep tren CO quan, tiiy vao tung vi tri cua ca quan ma vi khuan E. coli xam nhiam vdi cac benh ly khac nhau. Ngoai ra, vi khuan thudng xuyen cd mat trong dudng mot, khi vit siic de khang giam sut, vi khuan se phat trien gay benh, Ket qua nay cao ban so vdi nghien cim ciia Roshdy el al. (2012) va kat qua phan lap ty le E. coli gay benh d vit mot ngay tuoi ddi vdi gan la 10% va phdi 4,7%, vit tren mot tuan tudi cd ty le phan lap gan la 36,2% va phdi la 11,9% va ket qua cao hon so vdi nghien ciiu cua Le Van Le Anh (2016) khi phan lap vi khuan E. coli tran dan vit tai Thanh pho Can Tho cho thay phdi chiem ty le 67%
va tiiy xucng chiam ty Ip 67,5%, Ddng thdi ket qua nay ciing cao han so vdi nghian cuu ciia Nguyen Hdng Sang (2016), phan Up vi khuan E. coli tren dan vit tai tinh Ddng Thap cho thay gan chiam ty Ip cao nhat 68,69%, phdi chiem ty le 63,55%, thap nhat lach va tuy xuong 45,79%.
Bang 3 : Ket q u a p h a n lap vi khuan E. coli tren cac loai benh p h a m (n=200)
Ty le % Tong so mau
d u o n ^ tinh Phoi
Tuy xuong Gan Lach
161 151 148 142
80,50 75,50 74,00 71,00 P-O.OOOO Tdng cdng
3.4 Ket qua p h a n l^p vi khudn E. coli t r e n vit b^nh theo lira tudi
Tren dia ban tinh VTnh Long, cac chii chan nudi vit nudi vdi hai gidng vjt sieu thit (Super Meat) va vit cd. Tien hanh phan lap benh do vi khuan E. coli theo gidng vdi 200 m l u deu duang tinh vdi ty le 100%, trong dd vit sieu thit cd 122/200 con, chiem ty le 6 1 % so vdi vit cd 78/200 con, chiem ty le 39%
va su khac biet nay rat cd y nghia thdng ke (P^0,0000). Do gidng vit sieu thit la gidng duoc nhap khau tir nude ngoai va lai tao ra nen kha nang thich nghi dugc vdi dieu kien khi hau d Viet Nam rat thap, do anh hudng cua thdi tiet thay ddi lam cho
Tap 54 So 6B (2018): 63-71 Vlt thit de bi stress va giam siic da khang tao dieu kien thuan lgi cho vi khuan E. coli de dang xam nh^p va phat triln gay benh. Ben canh dd, gidng vit co co ngudn gdc d Viet Nam, thich nghi diau ki?n khi h(iu nhiet ddi gio miia va cd tap tinh sdng theo dan, dl dang tun k i l m thiic an tren cac canh ddng chan tha nen tao ra miln dich manh ban va siic de khang cao hen nen ty le nhi6ro bpnh do vi khuan E. coh thdp ban vit thit. Tuong tu nhan dinh ciia Ho Thi Viet Thu va Ly Thi Lien Khai (2014), moi loai gidng co Stic de khang va mdi trudng chan nudi ciing khac nhau, do dd ty le mac benh tren cac gidng vit khac nhau. Theo Kaper el al (2004), vi khudn £. coli luon hien dien trong mdt ciia ddng vat nhung khi dpng vat banh hoac siic de khang giam, vi khuan se tdn cdng va gay benh: tiau chay, nhiem trung dudng tilt nieu va nhiim trung huyet (viSm mang nao).
Bang 4: Ket q u a p h a n lap vi khuan E. coli trSn vit bf nh theo gi6ng (n=200) Giong
Vit siau thit (Super Meat) Vit cd
S o m S u d m m g T v l e ( % l tinh (con) ' y ' ^ ^ ^ ° '
122 78
61,00 39,00 PK1,0QQ0 Tong
3.5 Ket q u a p h I n lap vi k h u ^ n E. coli tren vit bfnh theo lira tuoi
Kat qua phan lap vi khuan E. coli tren vit theo lira tudi cho thay ty le nhiem E. coli tren vit < 1 thang tudi chiem ty le 5 1 % , ke den la vit > 3 thang tuoi, chiem ty le 26,5% va thap nhat la vit tir 1 - 3 thang tudi, chiam ty le 22,5%), su khac biet nay rat co y nghTa thdng ke (P=0,0000), Vit do vi khudn £, coli gay ra tren vit chu yeu la vit < 1 thang tudi, vit < 1 thang tudi ty le benh cao gan hai lan so vdi vit 1-3 thang va > 3 thang, nguyan nhan la vit con da nhiem mam benh tir Id ap, vd tning dinh phan tir vjt benh, he mian dich d vit con cdn non yen, man cam cao, bi nhiem trung huyat, cd trieu chitng viem rdn phinh to. Vit > 3 thang tudi la vit de theo hudng chay ddng nan ngudn nude kem, thdi tiat thay doi bat thutmg, tan dung thiic an roi vai, di chuyan xa, bi stress lam giam siic da khang la co hdi cho vi idiuan E. coli gay benh. Ddi vdi vit 1-3 thang tu6i, chil hd chan nudi vit chii yeu chan nudi vdi m\ic dich hudng thit, thdi gian nudi n g i n , khdng tham gia tiam phdng vac xin cac benh, dac biet la benh do vi khudn E. coli gay ra. Hd Thi Viet Thu va Ly Th]
Lian Khai (2014) cho rang tat ca cac liia tudi gia cam deu man cam vdi benh, nhung gia cdm non cd tinh man cam cao va benh thudng nghiem trgng hon.
Tuy nhien, sg khac biet v l ty le n h i i m E. coli tren vit tai Long An cho thay ty le nhiem E. coli cao nhSt
Tgp chi Khoa hgc Trudng Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Tdp 54 Sd 6B (20!Sf 63-71 a vit tren 1 thang tudi (90%i), vit de (57,5%.) va thap
nhat la vit 1 ngay tudi (47,2%i) (Nguyen Xuan Bmh vdcA',, 1997-2000).
Bang 5: Ket qua phan lap vi khu^n E. coli tr£n vit benh theo lira tuSi (n=200)
Lira tudi< 1 t h d n g 1-3 thang
> 3 thang
So mau duwng tinh 102 45 53
Tyie(%)
51,00 22,50 26,50 P = 0,00003,6 Ket qua xac dinh cac chiing vi Ithuan E.
coli tren vit tai tinh VTnh Long
Bang 6: Ket qua xac dinh cac chiing vi Idiuan E.
coli trIn vit tai tinh Vtnh Long.
f... So mSu dmmg tinh/so ,.,,,-„/
Chung „ f,, ,. Tylg% mau Idiao sat 01
078 035 0111 018 092
036081 093
Ket qua dinh danh cac chiing vi idtuan E. coli tren vit tai tinh VTnh Long cho thay chiing Ol co 14/110 mlu, chiim 12,73%; leg dgn la 078 co 12/110 mlu, chiim 10,91%; 0111 co 9/110 mSu, chiim 8,18%; 018 la 8/110 mlu, chiim 7,27%; 035
Bang 7: Ket qua idem tra sw de Idiang cua khang sinh vol vi khuSn E. coli tren vit tai tinh Vinh Long (n-169)
14/110 12/110 3/35 9/110 8/110 2/35 1/35 1/35 1/35
12,73 10,91 8,57 8,18 7,27 5,71 2,86 2,86 2,86
cd 3/35 mlu, chiem 8,57%; 092 cd 2/35 mau chiem, 5,71%; 036, 081 va 093 cd 1/35 mau diu chiim 2,86% Tinh VTnh Long cd nhieu chiing O phd bian va gay banh. Trong dd cd 5 chimg: 01, 078, 0111, 035 va 018 chilm ty le tir 7,27% din 12,73%. Dilu nay cho thay, vi khuan E. coli gay benh tran vit vdi cac chiing phd bian. Ban c^nh dd, chung vi khuan E.
coh thich nghi vdi cac dieu kien, mdi tmdng thuSn
lgi thi de tdn tai va phat trian da gay benh. Theo ket qua nghien ciiu cua Khoo L.L., et al. (2010) tai Malaysia cho thay cd 16/141 mau la chiing 0 1 , chiem ty le 11%. Tai Ai Cap, nghien ciiu tren 228 mau vit benh vdi chiing 078, chiam 3,3% va chiing 0111, chilm 4% (Heba R,et al., 2012). Theo kit qua nghien ciiu ctia La Van Le Anh (2016), tdng sd 157 mau thi cd 23 mau ngung kat vdi khang huyet thanh chimg O, trong do 078 la cao nhat vdi 12/157 mau, chiam ty le 7,64%), kl dan la chung 01 vdi 7/157 man, chiem tyle 4,46%, chiing 0111 vdi 3/157 mau, chiem ty le 1,91% va thap nhat la chiing 018 vdi 2/157 mau, chiam ty le 0,64% va kat qua nghien ciiu ciia Nguyin Hdng Sang (2016) cao nhat la chiing 078 vdi 13/140 mdu chilm ty le 9,29%, kl din la chung 01 vdi 3/140 mSu chiam ty le 2,14%, thap nhat la chimg 0111 vdi 1/140 mdu chiem ty le 0,71% va khdng cd chimg 018. Nhu vay, tai Ddng Bang Sdng Ciiu Long, cac chung phd bian la 01, 078, 0111, 018. Tuy nhian, tinh VTnh Long cd them chung 035 gay benh phd bien tren vit.
3.7 KH qua kiem tra su de khang cua khang sinh vdi vi khuan E. coli tren vjt tai tinh Vinh Long
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Khang sinh khiio sat
Ampicillin Amikacin Ceitazidime Cetiiroxime Colistin Ciprofloxacin Doxycycline Gentamycin Florphenicol Ofloxacin Streptomycin Tetracycline
Trimethoprim/sulfamethazole
LirQUg khang Ky sinh
lOng
30pg 30pg 30Rg lOng 5 n g 30ng lOng 30pg5ng
lOpg 30pg 1.25/23.75 HBhieu Am Ak CAZ Cu Ct Ci Do Ge FFC
on
Sm Te BtBanh gia:
Nhav So lu-ong
mau 77 153 128 169 127 139 155 110 154 H I 78 81 78
T y K 45,56
(%)
90,53 75,74 97,63 75,15 82,25 91,72 65,09 91,12 65,68 46,15 47,93 46,15
tep loai Khans So lirong
mau 92 16 41 04 42 30 14 59 15 58 91 88 91
T y l e 54,44
(%)
9,47 24,26 2,37 24,85 17,75 8,28 34,91 8,88 34,32 53,85 52,07 53,85
Tgp chi Khoa hoc Trudng Dai hoc Cdn Tha Sg d l khang khang sinh ciia cac chimg vi khudn E. coli tai tinh VTnh Long dupe phan lap tir vit benh, su d l khang khang smh d miic tmng binh vdi cac loai ampicillin vdi ty le 54,44%, streptomycm vdi ty le 53,85%, trimethopnm/
sulfamethazole vdi ty le 53,85% va teti-acycline vdi ty le 52,07%. Nguyen nhan, chu chan nudi vit trinh dp hiiu bilt cdn han cha nan khi phat hien vit c6 biiu hien, tneu chiing bat thudng thi tu y sir dung khang sinh de dieu tn la ampicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim/ sulfamethazol, gentamycin, florphenicol la nhiing khang sinh sic dung phd biln rdng rai. Ban canh do, chii chan nudi vit cdn sir dung khang sinh vdi muc dich phdng, dieu tri va kich thich tang tmdng, kich thich tinh them an cho vit nen dan dan tinh trang khang thudc ngay cang cao. Ngoai ra, cac hd chan nuoi sic dung khang sinh khdng theo nguyen tac, khdng dugc kiem sodt cho nan hien nay viec khang thudc cua vi khuan E.
coll trd nen rat phd bian se gay ra hien tugng de khang khang sinh cua vi khuan Tuy nhien, khac vdi k i t qua nghien ciiu nay, nghian ciiu cua Le Van Ddng (2011) cho rdng vi khuan E. coli de khang cao vdi doxycyclme (68,75%). Nguyen nhan khac nhau la ed the quy trinh bao quan va sic dung thudc, thdi tiet khi hau va dia diem chan nudi khac nhau, ngudi chan nudi it sir dung idiang sinh doxycycline trong qua trinh nudi nen dd nhay cam cua vi khuan E. coli cdn rat cao.
3.8 Ty le da khang cua vi khuan E. coli g i y b^nh trgn vit
Phan lap 132 mau vi khuan E coli de kiem tra su da khang khang sinh cho ket qua vi khuan E. coli khang ddng thdi tir 02 loai khang sinh trd len, trong d d c d O l chiing khang vdi 12 loai khang sinh vdi 01
Tap 54 So 6B (2018): 63-71 kilu hinh da khang chiem 0,76%., 04 chung khang vdi 9 loai khang sinh vdi 03 kieu hmh da khang chilm 3,04yo, 05 chiing khang vdi 8 loai khang sinh vdi 03 kilu hinh da khang chiem 3,82%o_, 15 chung khang vdi 7 loai khang smh vdi 08 kieu hinh da khang chilm ll,36%i, \6 chung khang vdi 6 io^i khang sinh vdi 12 kieu hinh da khang chilm 12,12%, 17 chimg khang vdi 5 loai khang sinh vdi 22 kilu hinh da khang chilm 17,43%.,^ 12 chiing khang vdi 4 loai khang smh vdi 23 kieu hinh tta khang chilm I7,43%i, 11 chiing khang vdi 3 loai khang sinh vdi 27 kiau hinh da khang chilm 20,46%!, 13 chiing khang vdi 2 loai khang sinh vdi 18 kilu hinh da khang chiam 13,66%. Phan tich s6 lieu tran cho thay, dan vjt ciia tinh VTnh Long co s\f da khang cao nhdt vdi 03 loai khang sinh chiem ty le 20,46%) vdi 11 k i l u hinh da khang va su da khang thdp nhdt vdi 12 loai khang smh chilm ty le 0,76%
vdi 01 kilu hinh da khang. Su da khang khang sinh da va dang dien ra mgt each phiic tap, dan den kho khan trong viec lua chpn khang sinh de dieu tri b$nh do VI khuan E. coli gay ra va viec diau tri se khong dat hieu qua nhu mong mudn, vi khuan cd kha nang tiep nhan va da khang nhanh vdi nhieu loai khang sinh. Viec lam dung nhiau loai khang sinh ciing luc d l dilu tri benh, tao c o hdi cho vi khuan san smh siic de khang chdng lai khang sinh khac. Hien nay, raiic do da khang ciia vi kliuan cang tang len gay anh hudng cdng tac phdng tri benh. Ngoai ra, sir dung khang sinh trong chan nudi khdng diing lieu lugng, lich trinh va bd sung khdng han che vao thiic an da lam cho vi khuan de khang lai vdi nhieu loai khang sinh. Vi vay, da han che dugc tinh trang da khang khang sinh, chu chan nudi vit khdng nen sii dung khang sinh mgt each bira bai, khdng nen lam dung khang sinh phd rdng trong khi khang smh pho hep van cdn hieu qua
Bang 8: Ty If da khang cua vi khuan E. coli g l y bf nh tren vit So
lu?aig k h a n g sinh
S6 kilu
da Kieu hinh da k h a n g khang
S l chung vi Ty TJ I?
khuSn d l le chung k h a n g (%) (%)
Bt + Am 2 1,52 13,66
Ci + Sm Bt + Sm Ak + A m Do + Ci Ge + Ak Ak + Sm Sm + Te Bt + Tc Ct + Te Te + Ofl Ge + Te CAZ + Te
1 0,76 3 2,27 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 3 2,27 1 0,76 1 0,76
Tap chi Khoa hoc Truimg Dai hoc Cdn Thir Tap 54, So 63 (2018): 63-71
sa
Iiryng Ithang sinh
SokiSn
da K i l u hinh da k h a n g k h a n g
So chiing vi Ty Ty le k h u a n de le Chung
k h a n g (%) (%) 3 10 B t + S m + Am
B t + T e + Am Bt + Sm + Te Ci + Sm + Am Do + Sm + Te Sm + Te + Am Do + Te + Am Te + Am + FFc CAZ + Te + Ofl Ak + Te + Ofl
11 8,33 20,46 3 2,27 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 2 1,52 1 0,76 3 2,27 2 1,52 2 1,52
Bt + Ci + Sm + Am 2 1,52 17,43
Ge + Bt + Sm + Am B t + S m + Te + Am Bt + S m + C A Z + Am Do + BT + Sm + Am Ge + BT + Ci + Am Ge + CAZ + Te + Ofl Bt + Sm + A m + O f l Do + Bt + Te + Ofl Do + Ci + Te + Am A k + C A Z + Te + FFc Ak + CAZ + Te + Ofl
4,55 3,03 1,52 0,76 0,76 1,52 0,76 0,76 0,76 0,76 0,76
Ge + Bt + Sm + Te + Am 3 2,27
B t + C i + CAZ + Te + Am Bt + Ct + CAZ + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + CS + Sm + Am Bt + Ct + Sm + Te + A m Do + Bt + Sm + Te + Am Bt + Ct + Te + Ofl + FFc Bt + Sm + Te + Cu + FFc G e + B t + Sm + CAZ + Am Do + Ct + Te + Am + Ofl Do + Bt + Ct + Sm + Te Ge + Ct + CAZ + Am + Ofl Ct + Ak + CAZ + Te + Ofl Ge + Ct + CAZ + Te + Ofl Ge + CAZ + Te + Ofl + FFc Bt + Ak + Sm + CAZ + Te Ge + CAZ + Te + Ofl + Cu
1 0,76 1 0,76 3 2,27 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 3 2,27 1 0,76 1 0,76 Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + Te + Am
Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ci + Sm + Te + Am Bt + Ct + Ci + Ak + Am + Ofl Do + Bt + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Sm + CAZ + Te + Am Do + Ct + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Do + Bt + Ci + Sm + Te + Am Ge + Bt + Ct + Ci + Am + Ofl Bt + Ct + Sm + CAZ + Am + Ofl Bt + Ci + Sm + CAZ + Te + Ofl Bt + Ct + CAZ + Te + Ofl + FFc Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + CAZ + Am + Ofl
1 0,76 3 2,27 2 1,52 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0.76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 2 1,52 1 0,76
Tap chi Khoa hgc Tnrdng Dai hoc Can Tha Tdp 54 So 63 (2018): 63-71 So
lugng kh^ng sinh
sSkilu
da khangKieu hinh da khang
S6 chiing vi Ty Ty le khudn d l 1^ chung
khang (%) (%) Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + CAZ + Te + Am
Bt + Ct + Ci + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Sm + CAZ + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ct + Ci + Te + Am + Ofl Do + Ge + Bt + Ci + Sm +-Te + Am Ge + Ci + AK + Sm + CAZ + Te + Ofl
1 0,76 1 0,76 8 6,06 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 1 0,76 8
9
12 Tong cong
3
3
1 79
Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + CAZ + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ct + Ci + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Do + Ge + Bt + Ct + Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ct + Ci + Ak+ Sm + Te + Am + Ofl Oe + Bt + Ct + Ci + Ak+ Sm + CAZ + Te + Ofl Ge + Bt + Ak+ Sm + CAZ + Te + Am + Ofl + FFc
Ge + Bt + Ct + Ci + Ak+ Sm + CAZ + Te + Am + Ofl + Cu + FFc
2 2 1 2 1 1 1 132
1,52 1,52 0,76 1,52 0,76 0,76 0,76
3,82
3,04
0,76
Am: ampicillin; Ak- amikacin; CAZ: ceftazidime; Cu: cefuroxime;
gentamycin, FFC. florphenicol; Ofl. ofloxacin; Sm: streptomycin;
4 K E T L U ^
Ty le nhiem benh do vi khuan E. coli tren vit tai tinh VTnh Long kha thap la 5%. Benh do vi khuan E.
coli xay ra tren vit con phd bien hon vit thit va vit de.
O vit benh, vi khuan E. coli dugc phat hien nhieu nhat d mlu phan ty le 100%), k l din la mdu phdi ty le 80,05%, tuy xuong ty le 75,5% va ke tiep la gan ty le 74%) va thdp nhat la lach ty le 7 1 % .
Cac chiing 0 1 , 0 7 8 , 0 1 1 1 , 0 3 5 va 0 1 8 la 5 chiing phd bien gay benh tran vit tai tinh Vinh Long
Cac ehiing vi khuan E coli phan lap dugc d l khang d miic tmng binh vdi khang sinh ampicilin, streptomycin va trimethoprime/sulfamethoxazol, Ngoai ra, cac loai khang sinh cefuroxime, doxycycline, florphenicol cd kha nang dilu tri hiau qua vdi vi khuan E coli.
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