HOl NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH T H A I V A TAl NGUYEN SINH V A T L A N T H U 5
BAO TON TAI NGUYEN BA DANG SINH HOC CHO S\r PHAT TRIEN BEN V U K G CON DAO
LE XUAN AI, TRAN DINH HUE VuoTi Qudc gia Cdn Ddo
Huyen Cdn Dao la mpt dem vj hanh chinh thupc tinh Ba Ria Vung Tau, nam ve phia Ddng- Nam ciia VietNam va cd tga dp dia Iy tir 106°31 phut den I06°45 phut kinh dp, 8°34 phut d6n 8'*49phutvTddBac.
Tong di?n tfch tu nhien phSn tren can ctia huypn dao khoang 7.600ha bao gdm 16 hdn dao. Nam 1984, Nha nude da quan tara dSn cdng tac bao tdn tai nguyen thien nhien, da dang sinh hpc tai quan dao nay va da thanh Igp khu rirng cam Cdn Dao true thupc dgc khu Vung Tau-Con Dao. Rirng cam Con Dao co tai nguyen da dang sinh hgc cao, cd nhieu loai dpng thyc vgt qu^, hi6m, dSc hiru, canh quan dep, hoang sa va cd vai trd quan trpng vd bao tdn thien nhien, phdng hg bao v? mdi trudng va phat trien dan sinh, kinh te, xa hdi, an ninh qu6c phdng huyen dao. De xiing vdi vai trd, tSm quan trpng va phat huy th6 mgnh cua rirng nai day, nam 1993, Thu tudng Chinh phu da ban hanh Quyet djnh sd 135/TTg thanh lap Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao tren ca sd rirng cam Cdn Dao. Vudn Qude gia (VQG) Cdn Dao cd di?n tich la 19.990,7ha, trong do dien tich hgp phin bao tdn rung la 5.990,7ha (chi6m 80%
tong di^n tich tu nhien phan tren can ciia huyen dao); dien tich hgp phan bao tdn bien M.OOOha; ngoai ra cd viing dem bien bao quanh la 20.500ha. Mue tieu va nhiem vy ciia Vudn Qude gia Cdn Dao d2 dugc xac dinh:
- Bao tdn va phyc hdi cac he sinh thai rimg, he sinh thai bien, su da dang sinh hgc va cae Ioai dgng vgt, thyc vat ban dia, quy hiem, cac sinh canh tu nhien dpc dao ciia Cdn Dao de Vudn Quoc gia Cdn Dao trd thanh mdt trung tam bao tdn da dgng sinh hgc cd tam quan trpng ciia Quoc gia va Qude te.
- Bao ve nguyen ven va phat trien dien tich rirng de gia tang dp che phii rirng dau ngudn cac khe, sudi, bao ve dat, gdp phan duy tri su sdng tren dao, cung cap ngudn nude ngpt cho sinh hogt va phat trien kinh te, ddng thdi bao ve rimg nham gdp phan ciing cd qudc phdng va an ninh viing hai dao tien tieu phia Ddng Nam td qudc.
- Sir dung hgp ly tai nguyen da dgng sinh hgc va cac dich vu mdi trudng rung de phat trien du ljch sinh thai, gdp phin xay dung Con Dao trd thanh mdt trung tam du Ijch-dich vu chit Iugng cao, cd tam cd khu vuc va qude td ddng thdi tao ca sd cho su phat tridn bdn vfrng vd kinh te va xa hgi ciia huyen Cdn Dao.
Nhirng nam qua, Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao da khdng ngirng Idn manh va lam trdn trpng trach dugc Nha nude giao. Ngay nay du khach trong va ngoai nude biet ddn Cdn Dao khdng chl la mgt di tich lich su ndi tidng ma ngudi ta cdn biet den Cdn Dao vdi mpt tai nguyen da ogng sinh hpc phong phu, ddc dao vdi nhieu Ioai quy, hidm, dac hii-u. Mdt so du an da va dang dugc tridn khai tai Vudn Quoc gia Cdn Dao da giiip Cdn Dao phuc hdi Iai cac ngudn gene quy, hiem cd nguy ca tuyet chiing tren toan cku. Cdn Dao la noi dku tien ciia Viet Nam trien khai dy an bao tdn riia biln va duiyc cac nha khoa hpc danh gia la du an thanh cdng vd
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HQl NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH T H A I V A T A I N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N T H U 5
bao ton eac loai riia bien quy, hiem nay. Hing nam cd 400 riia me Ien cac bai bien de tning va dugc deo the de quan ly, theo doi, cd tren 100.000 riia con dugc tha vfi bien mdi nam. Dir an trdng rirng sinh thai Sd Riy da khdi phuc dugc ngudn gene quy, hiem bj nga do do bao sd 5 nam 1997, khdi phyc dupe ngudn thirc an cho cac loai dpng vat hoang da. Du an bao tdn va sir dung ben virng da dgng sinh hgc bien, ven bien Cdn Dao da phyc hdi tai nguyen sinh vat bien va nang cao nhan thirc va nang luc quan ly cho cgng ddng dja phirong.
Chuang trinh du ljch sinh thai dang tirng budc phat tridn dem Iai hieu qua trong viec si;
dung b6n virng ngudn tai nguyen da dgng sinh hpc Cdn Dao va nang cao thu nhap cho cgng ddng dan cu, gdp phan lam tang trudng kinh tk huyen dao. 30 nam qua tren dja ban huy?n Cdn Dao da khdng xay ra chay rirng. Day la mot thanh cdng trong cdng tac bao tdn tai nguyen rirng Cdn Dao.
Ke hoach hanh ddng da dang sinh hpc va chien luge ciia Quy Mdi trudng toan cau (GEF) qude gia Viet Nam da dua Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao vao danh sach cac khu vyc uu tien hang dau can phai bao tdn. Ngan hang Thd gidi, trong an pham xuit ban nam 1995 vdi tieu de "He thdng cae khu vuc bao tdn viing bien tieu bieu toan cau" cung da xep Con Dao la khu vyc uu tien. Lien tiep 2 nam 2011 va 2012, Cdn Dao dugc tap chi du ljch ndi tieng the gidi Lonely Planet (Anh) binh chgn la 1 trong 10 hdn dao tdt va bi an nhat the gidi.
Nam 2005, Thii tudng Chinh phii da ban hanh Quyet dinh so 264/2005/QD-TTg phe duy?t de an phat trien kinh te-xa hgi huyen Cdn Dao, tinh Ba Rja Vung Tau den nam 2020. Mdt trong nh&ng quan diem, ndi dung ma Quyet dinh sd 264/2005/QD-TTg nhan manh "... .phat trien, nang cao gia trj Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao de phat trien du Ijch bien-dao chat lugng cao vdi nhirng khu du ljch sinh thai da dgng, hap dan....". Vdi chu truang, quan diem ciia Dang va Nha nude, bao tdn tai nguyen thien nhien cho su phat trien ben virng Cdn Dao la tam nhin chien lupc va dang dugc trien khai thuc hien.
L PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN CtTU
Dieu tra dugc thuc hien theo tuyen va diem dai dien cho cac sinh canh dien hinh ciia khu vuc Cdn Dao. Cae nghien ciru dugc tien hanh theo cac phuong phap truyen thdng theo cac ITnh vyc chuyen nganh (dgng vgt hpc, thuc vat hpc, sinh thai hpc...). Mau vat sinh vat dugc cac chuyen gia phan logi hpc Viet Nam va nude ngoai giam djnh, hien dang dugc liru giir tai phdng mau vat eiia Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao.
Trong bao cao cd ke thira ket qua dieu tra, khao sat ciia cac doan nghien cuu khoa hpc trong va ngoai nude tien hahh tai khu vuc Cdn Dao va s6 lieu bao cac hang nam ciia cac co quan chuyen mdn thupc huyen Cdn Dao.
II. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN I. Tai nguyen da d^ng sinh hpc tren can
l.L Da dgng thuc vdt rirng
Quin dao Cdn San gdm 16 dao deu dugc che phu bang tham thuc vgt rirng, cd do che phii tdi 80% dien tich tu nhien, rirng phan bd bit dau tir mep nude bi6n Ien ddn dinh nui.
Ket qua dieu tra thuc vgt Cdn Dao nam 2000 da ghi nhgn 1.077 Ioai th^rc vgt thugc 640 chi ciia 160 hg thuc vat bac cao cd mach, trong 6 nganh thuc vgt, nhu sau:
HQl NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U 6 C V £ SINH T H A I V A T A I N G U Y £ N SINH VAT L A N THU 5 Bdng 1 Thong ke he thuc vat
TT Ten Vi^t Nam Tdng quat 1
2 3 4 5
6
Ng^nh Thgch tiing Ngdnh Duong xi
Ng^nh Thien t u i Nganh Day gim NgSnh Thong Ngdnh ttigc v$t h ^ kin:
- Ldp 2 ia mam - Ldp 1 la mam
T£n khoa hgc
Lycopodiophyta Polypodiophyta Cyadophyta Gnetophyta Pinophyta Magnoliophyta Dicolyleonae Moncotyledonae
S d h p 160
1 15 1 1 2 140 116 24
sdchi 640
1 36 1 1 2 600 502 98
sa lo^i Loai 1.077 2 47 4 3 2 1.019
868 161
100
%
4 1
95 SO 15
Cac loai thuc vat a Cdn Dao cd quan hp than thudc vdi mdt sd khu hd thuc vat Malaysia - Indonesia, An E)g-Myanmar, Van Nam-Quy Chau (Trung Qude) va khu he thuc vat ban dja Bae VietNam-Nam Tning Hoa. Nhiing toai thuc vat d day phan bd thanh 2 kieu tham th\re vat chinh la:
Kiev rimg kin thudng xanh mua im nhiet ddi va Kidu rimg kin mia rung la mua im nhiet ddi.
Kieu rimg kin niia ryng la mua am nhiet ddi phan bd d cae dao Cdn Son, hdn Bay Canh, hdn Ba, hdn Cau va hdn Tre Ldn, thudng phan bd thanh timg vat nhd khdng lien tyc tren nhieu dang dja hinh va dieu kien lap dia khac nhau.
Nhimg loai quy hiem: Lat hoa {Chukrasia tabularia). Gang neo {Manilkara hexandra), QuSng Idng {Alangium salvifolium)... Dac biet, trong sd 1.077 loai thuc vat bae cao cd mgch da dugc phat hien d Cdn Dao thi cd 44 loai dugc cac nha khoa hgc tim thay dau tien d Cdn Dao gom: 14 loai cSy gd, 6 Ioai day leo, 10 loai cay gd nhd (tidu mdc), 13 loai cd va 1 loai khuygt.
Trong do cd 11 Ioai dugc lay ten "cdn son" dgt ten cho loai: Bui cdn son {Ilex condorensis), Ggi con son {Amoora poulocondorensis), Thach trang cdn son {Petrocosmea condorensis), \a can con son {Ophlorrhiza harrisiana var condorensis), Dgt danh cdn son {Pavetta condorensis), Lau cdn son {Psychotria condorensis), Xu huang edn son {Lasianthas condorensis), Thi§t thii cdn son {Glossogyne condorensis), Khao cdn san {Machilus thunbergii sieb-et-var condorensis), Dau cdn son {Dipterocarpus condorensis), Dau khau cdn san {Mlrislica guallerifolia).
1.2. Ba dgng dpng vat rirng
Ket qua dieu tra da ghi nhgn dupe tdng sd 160 Ioai dpng vgt hoang da thugc 64 hp, 32 bd, 4 Idp tgi Cdn Dao, gdm 29 loai thii, 85 Ioai chim, 38 Ioai bd sat va 8 Ioai dch nhai.
Thong ke he dgng vat Cdn Dao
Bdng 2
Nhdm d$ng v$t Thu Chim B6s^t
£ch nhai Tdng s6
S6ba 10 17 4 1 32
s e h p 16 32 13 4 65
Sd \ok\ 6a bi§t 29 65 38 8 IEO
HQl NGH] KHOA HQC T O A N Q U O C V £ SINH T H A I VA T A I NGUYgN SINH VAT L A N T H U 5 Trong 160 loai da xac djnh cd 31 Ioai quy hidm (chidm 19,38% tong so loai ddng vat da phat hien) bao gdm: 11 loai thu, 8 Ioai chim va 12 loai bd sat.
Dae biet cd nhirng loai nhu sde Mun {Callosciurus sp.), sde Den cdn dao {Ratufa bicolor condorensis), Bd cau Nicobar {Caloenas nicobarlca). Gam ghi tring {Ducula bicolor), chim Dien byng tring {Sula leucogaster)... do la nhung Ioai chi phat hien hogc cdn cd d Cdn Dao trong lanh thd nude ta.
Nhdm dpng vat dac hiru ciia Cdn Dao: Cd 4 loai ddng vgt dgc hiiu ciia Cdn Dao. Dd la nhiing loai can quan tam bao ve dac biet vi chi cdn cd d day nhu: Soc Mun {Callosciurus sp.j la loai chua duge dinh ten, song cd the ndi la loai mdi, d Viet Nam mdi chi gap d Cdn Dao;
loai phu sde Den cdn dao {Rafuta bicolor condorensis) chi mdi gap d Cdn Dao; Thgch siing cdn dao {Cyriod lyliis condorensis) cung chi mdi biet d Cdn Dao, loai nay cdn tuang ddi phd bien; Khi dudi dai cdn dao {Macaca fascicuiaris condorensis) la phan Ioai Iinh trudng dgc hiru cho VietNam.
2. Da dang sinh hoc viing bien Con Dao 2.1. Cdc he sinh thdi bien khu vuc Cdn Ddo
Bien Cdn Dao cd 3 he sinh thai chinh: He sinh thai rirng nggp man cd dien tich 32ha, he sinh thai cd bien cd di?n tich khoang 600ha, hp sinh thai cac rgn san hd cd dien tieh khoang l.OOOha.
+ He sinh thai san hd: He sinh thai san hd phat tridn rit manh d viing bidn bao quanh cac dao, thudc rgn riem dien hinh (typical fringing reef), nhieu ran san hd cdn mang tinh nguyen thuy cao, vdi 360 loai, 61 gidng, 17 hp. Cd thd ndi thanh phin loai khu hp san hd Cdn Dao phong phii va da dgng vao loai nhit, nhi ciia Viet Nam va chu yeu la cac loai san hd tgo rgn. Cac giong san hd chiem uu thd la Acropora, Porites, Pachyseris, Montipora, Panova.
+ He sinh thai cd bien: Qua khao sat nghien ciru viing bien Cdn Dao cd 11 loai cd bien chiem 84,61% tong sd loai hi?n nay da bidt d Viet Nam (13 Ioai), nhidu hon cua Singapore 4 loai va nhieu han Brunei 06 loai. H? sinh thai cd bien la nai sinh tdn ciia loai Bd bien {Dugong diigon). Hien xac dinh d viing bidn Cdn Dao ed khoang 8-12 ca the Bd bien. Day la loai thii bien an thue vat ldn nhit cdn tdn tgi va dugc thd gidi dgc biet quan tim, hien nay chi cdn thiy d Cdn Dao va Phii Qudc.
+ He sinh thai rimg nggp man:
He sinh thai rirng ngap man tgi Cdn Dao cd dien tich khoang tren 32ha. Tuy di?n tich khdng ldn nhung he sinh thai rimg ngap mgn d day cdn nguyen sinh, chua bj tac dgng cua con ngudi va dac trirng cho logi hinh rimg ngap man phan bd tren nen san hd chet, cat, sdi. So loai thuc vgt ngap man d Cdn Dao da dugc thdng ke va dinh danh la 46 Ioai, trong dd cd 28 loai ca^
ngap man diu yeu thudc 14 hp, 18 loai tham gia ngap man thudc 13 hg. Hg cd nhieu Ioai nhat trong khu vuc la hg Dude vdi 9 loai, hp Bang 3 Ioai, hp Dau 3 Ioai, cac hp cdn Iai cd 1-2 Ioai.
Mat dg binh quan la 2.099 cay. Nam loai ddng vai trd quan trpng, chiem uu thd la Su dd, V?t dii. Da vdi. Dung va Dude ddi.
Trong 46 cay rimg ngap man da phat hien tai Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao cd 3 cay cd ten trong Sach Dd Viet Nam la Dude ddi {Rhizophora apiculata Blume), Cde dd {Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt), Quao nude {Dolichandrone spathacea (L.) K.Sch.). 2 Ioai chua cd ten trong danh myc thuc vat rirng nggp man Viet Nam la Vet hainesii {Bruguiera hainesii CG.
Rogers) va Xu rumphii {Xylocarpus rumphii (Kostel) Mabb), 02 loai it thay xuit hien d rung ngap man Viet Nam la Bing phi {Pemphis acidula J. R. Forst. & G. Forst) va Dude lai {Rhizophora x lamarckii Giff).
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2.2. Kliu hi sinh vgt biin
Khu he sinh vat bien da thdng ke dugc cd 1.735 loai, trong do Thuc vat nggp man 46 loai, rong bidn 133 Ioai, cd bidn 11 Ioai, thuc vgt phii du 226 Ioai, ddng vat phii du 143 loai, san hd 360 Ioai, than mdm 187 Ioai, ca ran san ho 215 loai, giap xac 116 Ioai, da gai 115 loai, giun nhidu ta 130 loai, bd sat bien 9 loai, chim bien 37 Ioai, thu bien 7 loai.
Kk qua nghien cihi da thdng ke dugc d thuy vuc Cdn Dao cd tdi 46 loai la ngudn gene cue ky quy hidm ciia bidn Viet Nam va da dugc dua vao Sach Dd. Chiing bao gdm: 02 Ioai rong, 03 loai thuc vat ngap man, 03 Ioai san hd, 12 loai than mem, 01 Ioai giap xac, 04 loai da gai, 07 Ioai ca, 07 loai bd sat, 05 Ioai chim va 02 loai thii. Thanh phan Ioai sinh vat bien khu vuc VQG Cdn Dao dugc thdng ke trong bang 3.
Bdng 3 Thong ke thanh phan loai sinh vat bien tai Con Dao
Nhom sinh vat Rii'ng ngap m|n Rong bien Co bien ThLFC vat phu du Oong vat phil du San ho (cij'ng va m^m) Giun nhilu to Giap xac Than m^m Da gai Ca san ho Bo sat Chim bien Thu bien
Tong c^ng
S& loai 46 133
11 226 143 360 130 116 187 115 215 9 37 7 1.735
Tyl#(%) 2,65 7,67 0,63 13,03 8,24 20,75
7,49 6,69 10,78 6,63 12,39
0.52 2.13 0,40 100
3. Bao ton tai nguyen da dang sinh hpc cho sir phat trien ben vung Con Dao
Bao tdn tai nguyen da dgng sinh hgc la ca sd va ddng luc cho su phat trien ben vung Con Dao. Tham thirc vat va dg che phii rirng Cdn Dao chiem 80% tdng dien tich tu nhien, la la chan tdt nhat de phdng hg, bao ve mdi trudng. Theo danh gia ciia eae nha khoa hgc, lugng nude ngam va nude mgt Cdn Dao cd he sd tuang quan tuang ddi chat (0,95) va dugc duy tri, dieu tiet, dieu hda hang nam bdi tham thyc vat rimg Cdn Dao. Dja hinh Cdn Dao dp ddc Idn, ldp dat mat can; rung Cdn Dao tao thanh Idp phii hiru hieu chdng lai xdi mdn, rira trdi, lang dpng va bdi lip, Cdn Dao nam giira bien khai, thudng xuyen chju anh hudng gid, bao, ap thap nhiet ddi vi vgy rimg ddng vai trd quan trgng chan gid, cat bay, bao ve mdi trirdng.
He sinh thai rirng nggp man, he sinh thai cd bien va he sinh thai rgn san hd chira dung su da dgng cao cac loai ca va cac loai thiiy sinh vat khac; la sinh canh de trung, uam nudi iu triing, kiem an ciia nhieu loai sinh vat bien ciia khu vuc bien Ddng Nam Viet Nam va ciia ca khu vuc
HQI NGHI KHOA HQC T O A N Q U Q C Vg SINH THAl VA TAI N G U Y E N SINH VAT L A N T H U 5 Ddng Nam A. Cac he sinh thai bidn cdn cd tim quan trgng trong vipc dieu hda, can bang Iugng oxy trong nude bien va bao vp bd bien Cdn Dao.
Bao tdn da dgng sinh hpc (da dgng he sinh thai, da dang thanh phin Ioai) nhim duy tri, luu giu' ngudn gene va cac sinh canh dac tnmg ciia Cdn Dao va ciia Vi?t Nam, tgo su can bang sinh thai cho mdi trudng sdng ben vixng.
Nhilu Ioai sinh vat tai Cdn Dao cd gia tri cung cip thuc pham va dugc lieu. Bao tdn da dgng sinh hpe tai Cdn Dao chinh la su bao tdn va khai thae b^n vihig kho dupe li?u va diuc pham trong tucmg lai.
Nhidu nam qua, Cdn Dao la noi dd cac nha khoa hpc den nghien cuu va nhieu sinh vien den thuc tap. Cd the ndi ring da dang sinh hpc Cdn Dao cd gia tri cao vd giao due va khoa hpc.
Tai nguyen da dang sinh hpc va canh quan Cdn Dao dang la tiem nang va the manh de khai thae va phat trien du ljch sinh thai. Phat tridn du Uch sinh thai va dich vu du lich sinh thai dang tgo ra nghe va thu nhap dn djnh, dang ke cho cgng ddng dia phuong.
Bao tdn tai nguyen da dang sinh hpe, canh quan thien nhien gdp phan bao tdn va tdn tao di tich lich su dac biet ciia Viet Nam tai Cdn Dao.
Quan ly, bao tdn tai nguyen da dgng sinh hgc tgi Cdn Dao dang ap dung phuang phap ddng quan ly va dem Igi hieu qua cao. Tit ca cac kd hogch, phucmg an bao ve tai nguyen thien nhien, da dgng sinh hgc ddu dugc ca quan quan ly va cac chuyen gia thao lugn, ban bac vdi cdng ddng dia phuang. Lpi ich tir bao tdn tai nguyen da dang sinh hpc dugc chia se cdng bang cho eae ben ed lien quan.
III. KET LUAN
1. Quan dao Cdn Scm gdm 16 dao deu dugc che phii bang tham thuc vgt rimg vdi dg che phii tdi 80%) dien tich tu nhien (phin tren cgn). Tgi day da ghi nhan 1.077 Ioai thuc vgt thupc 640 chi cua 160 hp thudc 6 nganh thuc vat bac cao cd mgch.
2. Da ghi nhan 160 loai dgng vat hoang da tren cgn thudc 64 hp, 32 bp, 4 ldp tgi Cdn Dao, gom 29 Ioai thu, 85 Ioai chim, 38 Ioai bd sat va 8 loai ech nhai. Mgt sd loai trong do ta dac huu.
3. Bien Cdn Dao cd 3 he sinh thai chinh: He sinh thai rung ngap man cd dien tich la 32ha, he sinh thai cd bien cd dien tich khoang 600ha, he sinh thai cac ran san hd cd dien tich khoang l.OOOha.
4. Da thdng ke dugc 1.735 loai sinh vat bidn, trong do: Th\rc vat nggp mgn 46 loai, rong bidn 133 Ioai, cd bidn 11 Ioai, thuc vgt phii du 226 Ioai, ddng vat phii du 143 Ioai, san hd 360 Ioai, than mem 187 Ioai, caran san hd 215 Ioai, giap xac 116 Ioai, da gai 115 Ioai, giun nhieu to 130 loai, bd sat bien 9 loai, chim bien 37 Ioai, thii bidn 7 loai.
5. Bao tdn tai nguyen' da dang sinh hgc, canh quan thien nhien cd vai trd quan trgng cho sy phat trien ben viing cua Cdn Dao. Nd khdng chi cd y nghia ddi vdi viec duy tri sir can bang cac he sinh thai, bao ve mdi trudng va cac gia trj thien nhien dgc dao cua khu vyc, ma cdn cd gia trj giao due, dam bao kha nang cung cip thuc pham, dugc lieu, tdn tgo gia trj di tich ljch sir va tgo tiem nang, ca sd cho phat trien du ljch siph thai tgi quin dao Cdn San.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Bo Khoa hpc Cdng nghe & Vifn Khoa hpc viCfing nghS Vift Nam, 2007. SSch Dd Viet Nam, phin I. Ddng vSt, phin II. Thuc v|t. NXB. BChoa hpc Tu nhien va Cdng ngh?.
i. Gerald R.AIIen, Roger Steene, 1998. Indo-Pacific, Coral reef. Field guide.
358
HOI NGHj KHOA HQC T O A N Q U Q C V E SINH T H A I V A TAI NGUYEN SINH VAT L A N T H U 5 3 Lfing v a n Keng, 1997. Di^u tra tdng hgp tai nguyen bidn va ven biSn Cdn Dao. Phan vi?n Hai
duong hpc Hai Phdng.
4. Lyndon Devantier, 2002. San hd tao ran va cac quan xa san hd d Vudn Qudc gia Con Dao.
5. Nguyin Chi Thanh (chii bien), 2004. Tai nguyen dpng, thuc vat Vudn Quoc gia Cdn Dao. NXB.
Nong nghiep
6. Nguyin Van TiSn, D3ng Ngpc T h a n h , Nguyin Hfru Dgi, 2002. Co bi^n Viet Nam: Thanh phin lo4i, phSn bo. sinh thai-sinh hpc. NXB. KHKT.
7. Bh Cong Thung (chii bien), 2007. K€t qua dieu tra ve gia trj tikm nang sinh hpc va gia trj cac he sinh thii biSn tgi Vudn Qudc gia Cdn Dao.
8. Nguyen Van Tien, 2004. Tien tdi quan Iy he sinh thai cd biln Viet Nam. NXB. KHKT.
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CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CON DAO ISLAND
LE XUAN Al, TRAN DINH HUE
SUMMARY
The survey was carried out in areas, places represen^ng the typical habitat of Con Dao area. The report has inherited fi^m survey, research results of national and International organizations conducted in Con Dao region and data of annual reports ofthe Con Dao specialized agencies.
Con Dao archipelago with 16 islands is covered by forest vegetation accounting for 80% of natural area (the land). There were 1.077 recorded species in 640 genera, 160 families and 6 phylums. It has recorded 160 species of terrestrial wildlife in their 64 families, 32 ordoes, 4 classses in Con Dao, including 29 species of mammals, 85 species of birds, 38 species of reptiles and 8 species of amphibians. Some species of which are endemic. Con Dao marine region has 3 main ecosystems Mangrove forest covers an area of 32 hectares, seagrass beds covers about 600 hectares, coral reefs has an area about 1.000 hectares. It has recorded 1.735 marine species, of which 46 species of mangrove tree, 133 species of seaweed. 11 species of sea grass, 226 species of phytoplankton, 143 species of zooplankton, 360 coral species, 187 species of molluscs, 215 species of reef fish, 116 spedes of cmstaceans, 115 speaes of echinodenns, 130 species of poiychaete worms, 9 reptiles species, 37 seabirds species, marine mammals 7 species.
Conservation of biodiversity resources, natural landscape with an important role for the sustainable development in Con Dao. It not only has significance for mainlenancing the balance of ecosystems.
environmental protection and the unique natural values ofthe region, but also the value of education, to ensure the ability to provide real products, pharmaceuticals, embellish historical value and create potential, basis for eco-tourism development in Con Son islands.
