1AP CHi GONG IHIfdIIG
THlJC TRANG QUAN LY CHAT LlidNG DICH VU LOGISTICS CUA CAC DOANH NGHIEP VIET NAM
• HOANG TH! DOAN TRANG - HOANG NGQC THUAN
T6MTAT:
Logistics la m6t nganh dich vu quan trong trong ctf cau tdng the nia kinh t^ qud'c dan, d6ng vai tro hb trcf, k^t noi va thiic day phdt trien kinh te - xa hoi cua ca ntfdc cung nhrf ti3"ng dia phifdng. Do do, cdc doanh nghi6p dich vu logistics ctn nam chac cac nhSn to quan trong trong quSn Iji chCt liidng dich vu logistics nham mang d6'n thanh cong. Nhan thay van di do, bai nghien ciJu di vao phSn tich thu'c trang quan ly chat lifdng dich vu logistics hiSn nay cua cdc doanh nghidp logistics Vidt Nam va danh gia thifc trang tren nham difa ra mot so gidi phap cho cac doanh nghidp nay.
TiJf khoa: Doanh nghidp, quan ly, chat lifcfng, djch vu logistics.
1. Khai quat v l chS't hidng dich vu logistics cua doanh nghiep logistics
Tnfdc khi tim hieu the nao la chat lu'cfng dich vu logistics, chung ta phai tim hieu the' nao la dich vu logistics. Dinh nghia du'dc coi la day du nha't va du'dc sii' dung phd bien nha't hien nay la dinh nghia cua Hoi d6ng qudn ly logistics cua Hoa Ky (Council of Logistics Management CLM):
"Logistics la qua tnnh lap ke hoach, td chtfc thu'c hien va kiem soat qua tnnh lifu chuydn, dif triJ hang hoa, dich vu va nhffng thong tin lien quan ttf diem xuat phat dau tien de'n ndi tidu thu cudi cung sao cho hieu qua va phu hdp vdi yeu cau cua khach h^ng".
Theo Philip Kotler 2003, dich vu la mot boat ddng hay Idi ich cung ijng de trao ddi, chu ye'u la v6 hinh va khong dan de'n vide chuyen quyen sd hiJu.
Nhif vay, cung nhif cdc loai hinh dich vu khdc, cha't lu'dng logistics du'dc hieu la miJc do thoa man, dap iJng nhu c^u cua khach hang vdi cac dich vu logistics ma doanh nghidp cung iJng. Theo khai niem nay, cha't lifdng dich vu logistics la qua trinh nang cao djch vu logistics nham muc dich tdi ifu
hda hidu qu^ cua vong quay tang tnfdng, vong quay thu mua hang hoa, san xua't, phan phoi ban hang, van tai, tai chdva sijf dung lai cac nguon nguydn vat lieu tif cac cong ty ddn le dd'n toan bp nganh cdng nghiep thong qua hdp tac.
2. ThUc trang quan ly ch^t lufcfng dich vy logistics cua cac doanh nghidp logistics Vi§t Nam
2.1. Tong quan ve cdc doanh nghidp logistics ViftNam
Theo Cd sd dff lieu quoc gia ve dang ky doanh nghiep, tinh den het thdng 3/2018, ca nffdc c6 296.469 doanh nghiep dang ky kinh doanh trong cac nganh, nghe lien quan ddn linh vifc logistics, tSp trung chu ydu d khu vifc cd he thdng cang, difdng bp thudn Idi: ddng bang song Hong (38,8%), tid'p theo la Ddng Nam Bp (33,8%), Bdc Trung Bd va duydn hai mien Trung (14,2%), Trung du va mien nui phia Bac (5,6%), ddng bi'ig song Cihi Long (5,2%) va cudi ciing la Tay * yen (2,4%).
Tuy so' Iffdng doanh nghiep ddng nhutig chQ ye'u cdc doanh nghiep hoat ddng \i(5ng, thffe nho le, chu yeu la boat ddng ,j^j^ ^^^
phufdng thu'c logistics tif cap - Fu ..gistics
KINH TE
(IPL) hoac la bdn cung cSfp dich vu logistics thff 2 - Second Party Logistics (2PL). Hidn nay, phffdng thu'c cung cap dich vu logistics ben thff 3 - Third Party Logistics (3PL) la phffdng thffe cung ca'p pho bien nhd't va co tim anh hffdng quan trong ddn chudi cung ffng hang hda, song sd Iffdng doanh nghidp cung cap theo phffdng thffe 3PL chi chiem khoang 16% va chii ydu la nhffng doanh nghidp cd von dau tff nffdc ngoai [2].
Ve thi tnfdng, thd'ng kd cua Hidp hoi Cac doanh nghidp logistics Vidt Nam (VLA) nam 2018 cho thay, cdc doanh nghidp hoi vien cung cd'p dich vu logistics kha da dang, bao gdm ndi dia (52%) va qud'c te' chu ydu tdp trung d khu vffc ASEAN (67%), Trung Qud'c (59%), Nhdt Ban (50%), EU (45%), Han Qud'c (43%) va Hoa K^ (38%) [2].
Cdc doanh nghiep da qud'c gia cd thd' manh vi hdp ddng chuydn chd vdi cdc hang tdu Idn do cdng ty me ky vdi cdc chu hang Idn co mang Iffdi toan clu, mffc do dau tff ffng dung cdng nghd thong tin vao hoat ddng logistics cao, trinh dd quan ly tien tidn va ddc bidt cd quan hd td't vdi cdc chu hang toan cau. Trong khi do, the m^nh ciia cac doanh nghidp logistics Vidt Nam la ddm nhidm hiu nhff todn bd vdn tai ndi dia, tff khai thdc cdng, vSn tai bd, dai ly thu tuc hdi quan, de'n khai thac kho bai, dich vu kho [7].
Khi ddnh gid chat Iffdng dich vu logistics khdng the khdng ke dd'n chi sd' Nang lffc hoat dpng logistics (LPI) cua Ng^n hdng Thd gidi vdi 6 tidu chi: (i) Hai quan; (ii) Ha tang; (iii) Van tdi qudc td'; (iv) Chat Iffdng va nang lffc logistics; (v) Giam sat & truy tim hang hoa va (vi) Giao hang dung han. Chi so' LPI 2018 cua Viet Nam dffde Ngan hang The' gidi cdng bd trong Bdo cdo thdng 07/2018, diem sd la 3,27, xep hang 39/160 nu'dc tham gia dieu tra, tang 25 bac so vdi xep hang nam 2016 (64/160), so vdi nam 2016 la 2,98 tdng 0,29 didm. Trong khu vffc ASEAN, Viet Nam xd'p thff ba sau Singapore (xep hang 7) va Thai Lan (xep hang 32) [4]. (Hinh 1)
2.2. ThUc trang quan ly chat l^ng dich vu logistics cua cdc doanh nghifp logistics Vi^t Nam
Nhffng nang lffc ma bp mdy quan ly chat Iffdng dich vu logistics can cd la kha nang lam vide cua dpi ngu qudn ly cua cdng ty logistics, kha nang quan ly thdi gian thifc hidn dich vu logistics, kha nang kidm soat chi phi logistics cho cdng ty, sff hdp tac giffa cac bd phdn lidn quan khi thffe hien dich vu, kha ndng giai quyd't td't cac sff cd bat ngd/ngSu nhien (Dd Xuan Quang, 2015).
Hinh /: Chi so hoat dong logistics (LPI) Viet Nam giai doan 2007 - 2018
10D7 2D10 2011 IDI4 201« 2011
Ngudn: Cong ty co phan Bdo cdo Ddnh gid Viet Nam (Vietnam report)
Bp mdy quan ly chat Iffdng dich vu logistics trong doanh nghiep logistics Viet Nam thffdng gdm;
-Hpi dong quan tri: La cd quan qudn ly Cdngty, cd toan quyen nhan danh Cdng ty dd quye't dinh moi van de lien quan dd'n muc dich, quyen Idi cua Cong ty, trff nhffng va'n dd thudc tham quydn cua Dai hpi ddng cd ddng.
- Ban Tdng Giam ddc: Tdng Giam dd'c la ngffdi dieu hanh va cd quyen quye't dinh cao nha't ve ta't ca cac van de lien quan de'n hoat ddng hang ngay cua Cong ty va chiu trdch nhidm tri/dc Hdi ddng quan tri ve viec thffe hidn cac quyen va nhidm vu dffde giao. Cac Pho Tong Giam ddc la ngffdi giiip viec eho Tong Giam ddc va chiu trdch nhidm tnfdc Tong Gidm ddc ve phan viec dffde phan cdng, chu ddng giai quye't nhffng cdng viec da dffde Tdng Giam ddc iiy quyen vd phan cdng theo dung che'dp chinh sach cua Nha nffdc va Didu Id cua Cdng ty.
- Trffdng phdng Quan tri chat Iffdng: La ngifdi tham mffu va giup vide cho Ban Tdng Gidm ddc, trffc tie'p dieu hanh dieo chffc nang chuyen mdn quan tri chat Iffdng dich vu logistics trong cdng ty va theo chi dao cua Ban Tong Gidm doc.
- Nhan vien phong Quan tri chat Iffdng va eac nhan vidn diffe hidn cdc khau trong qua trinh cung cap dich vu logistics eua cdng ty.
2.3. Bdnh gid thUc trang quan ly chat Idtfng dich vu logistics cm cdc doanh nghiep logistics Vi^t Nam
2.3.1. Thdnh cong vd nguyen nhan
Chat Iffdng dich vu logistics cua cac doanh nghidp Viet Nam nhin chung deu cd bffdc tie'n trien
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TAFCHiCONfiTHIfdNG
rd ret. Cdc tidu chi ddnh gia LPI 2018 ddu tang it nhat 30 bac so vdi nam 2016 bao gdm: Hai quan;
Ha tdng, Van tai qudc te; Chat Iffdng va nang lffc logistics; Gidm sat va truy tim hang hda va Giao hang diing han [4].
Cdc doanh nghidp Viet Nam cung dffde danh gid td't ve Chat Iffdng dich vu logistics va kha nang cua cdc doanh nghiep logistics, Kha nang truy xua't va theo ddi Id hang va Xdc suat hang tdi ndi dung didi gian cao, tham ehi con cao hdn danh gia eua NganhangThe gidi nam 2018 [1].
Hau hd't cdc doanh nghidp tff nhan cd dpi ngu cdn bd qudn ly tre nhutig cd trinh dp cao va khd nang tid'p can khoa hpc cdng nghe mot each nhanh chdng, tff dd cd the hpc hoi va dp dung nhffng cdng nghd hien dai de bat kip vdi tdc dp phdt trien ciia thd'gidi.
Hien nay nbidu doanh nghiep logistics dang ffng dung mdt sd' nghidn cffu khoa hpc cdng nghd cao vao hoat dpng logistics nhff: Quan ly van tai (TMS), he thd'ng dinh vi GPS cung cap dinh tuyen cho ngffdi qudn ly xa cung nhff cung cap cap nhat thdng tin Id hang cho khdch hang; Tao cdc San giao dich van tai; San giao dich giiip ke't nd'i xe tdi vdi ngffdi gffi hang, ket nd'i cung (xe tai nhan rdi) va cau (chu hang cd hang can gffi), giup tan dung tdi nguydn, tie't kiem chi phi; He thdng dinh tuyd'n; Nhffng phan mem lap ke' hoach cho dffdng xe chay, theo ddi Iffdng hang tren xe...; Qudn ly kho hang, tff dpng hda da dffde thiet lap d nhieu kho, bai tff ddng hda quy trinh cdng viec bang he thd'ng qudn ly kho (WMS).
Ngoai ra, khdng the khdng ke de'n nd lffc cua Nha nffdc trong cdng tdc thue 6iy va tao dieu kidn cho cac doanh nghiep logistics phdt trien dffpc he thd'ng cdng nghd thdng tin hoan thidn, tien bp.
2.3.2. Han chevd nguyen nhan
So vdi cdc nffdc tren the' gidi va trong khu vffe, cha't Iffdng cung ffng dich vu logistics cua Viet Nam vIn chffa dffde danh gid cao. Dien hinh la tieu chi ve thdi gian cung u'ng, hd thdng thdng tin va tinh linh boat trong hoat ddng khai thac va qudn ly dich vu. Thi phan ciia cac doanh nghiep nffdc ngoai vd FDI vdn dang Idn va dffde tin dung hdn cac doanh nghidp trong nffdc.
Vidt Nam da va dang dp dung he thd'ng qudn ly van tai (TMS) eho dich vu logistics. Ve ly thuyet, he thd'ng nay can cd kha nang quan ly ciing liic cdc hoat ddng van chuyen hang hda bdng nhieu phffdng thffe khac nhau, qua nhieu bien gidi khdc nhau
nhutig cbl do mdt nha dilu hdnb tJ men. Tuy nhidn, nha cung cap TMS chuydn nt:' .ep tai Vidt Nam vdn ra't han chd', vide cai dat he thdng cdn gap rat nhidu khd khan do kha nang lidn ket ddng bd dff lieu vdi cac hang tau, hang hang khdng, hai quan.
cang bien, cdng hang khdng, va trong noi bd cdc cdng ty logistics qua phffc lap.
Cdc cdng ty trong nffdc thffdng ffng dung cdc he thdng quan ly vdn tai noi dia. quan ly dpi xe, sff dung cdc cdng cu qudn l;y dich vu giao nhan tniyen thdng do cdc nha cung cap trong nffdc phdt trien (nhff Fast, VT Doanh FMS,...). Ty Id ulig dung ciing chi dffdi 10% so'doanh nghiep, da so doanh nghiep con dung Excel tff quan ly (Ngpc Mai, 2018). Cdc he thd'ng qudn ly giao nhdn (FMS), quan ly van tai (TMS), quan ly kho hang (WMS), quan ly ngudn lffc (ERP) mdi chi dffde ffng dung mdt cdch manh miin chff chffa dong bd, cd he thdng va viec ffng dung dien todn ddm may trong qudn ly thdng tin va chd't Iffdng vdn cdn han che. Khd khan dd'n tff nhilu ydu td nhff:
- Mdi trffdng cdng nghd thdng tin ciia toan nen kinh td' cdn chffa cao nen ddng lffc thue day cdc doanh nghidp dau tff vao vao cdng nghe thdng dn chifa Idn.
- Nguon vd'n dau tff ciia cdc cdng ty chffa du de dap ffng nhu eau.
- Nguon nhdn lffc cd trinh dd cao, chuydn sdu ve cdng nghe thdng tin cdn thieu hut nghiem trpng.
- Dpi ngu quan ly tre cd trinh dp chuyen sau cao lai chffa cd kinh nghiem, ky nang ve quan ly cdng viec
- Dpi ngu qudn tri day dan kinh nghidm lai chffa cd kidn thffe bai ban chuyen sau, khd bat kip vdi cdng nghd mdi vd da dang hda dich vu, khd nang hoach dinh ke hoach ben vffng.
3. Dl \usit giai phap hoan thi^n quan ly chS't lif^g dich vu logistics cho cac doanh nghidp logistics Vi^t Nam
3.1. Xu hu&ng phdt trien nganh kinh doanh dich vu logistics tai Vi^t Nam trong nhOng nam tdi Theo Vietnam Report, tinh den thdng 12/2019, Viet Nam cd tren 4.000 cdng ty vdn tai va logistics trong nffdc, cung ca'p dich vu tif khau lam thii tuc vdn chuyen hang hda cho dd'n ddng thue hay thanh todn ; trong dd, 88% la doanh nghiep trong nffdc, 10% doanh nghiep lidn doanh va 27r la doanh nghiep nffdc ngoai; dia ban ddt tru s<> ijip trung chii yeu d 2 thanh phd Idn la Ha N.n rp. Ho Chi Minh (www.viemamreport.net.vn)
KINH IE
Nganh logistics ciia Vidt Nam cd nhieu tiem nang tang trffdng, tham gia sau hdn vao nhffng trung tdm giao dich vdn tai thd' gidi den tff vide Chinh phii cd nhieu chinh sach tao dieu kien cho nganh phat trien, ciing vdi xu the hdi nhap kinh td' toan cau, nhieu hiep dinh thffdng mai dffde ky ke't, cung vdi sff phdt trien manh me cua thi trffdng thffdng mai didn tijf va nganh cdng nghiep tff ddng hda, cd sd ha ttng ngay cang dffde cai thidn.
Thd nhat, ffng dung cdng nghe 4.0 trong nganh logistics. Vdi sff phdt trien bung nd eiia cupc cdch mang 4.0, da ed nhilu ffng dung khoa hoc cdng nghd vao boat ddng logistics. Hien nay, cdc nffdc phdt tridn dang tffng bffdc thffe hien E-Logistics, green logistics, E-Documents,.,. vd ffng dung edng nghe dien toan dam mdy, cdng nghd Blockchain, tri tue nhan tao hay robot vao thu'c hien mdt sd dich vu, nhff dich vu ddng hang vao container hay dd hang khdi container, xep dd hang hda trong kho, bai,...
Thii hai, xu hffdng mua sara trffc tuyd'n md ca hpi cho cdc doanh nghiep van tai vd logistics. Vdi t;^ Id 70% dan sd Viet Nam dang sff dung Internet, truy edp binh quan mdi ngffdi khoang 28 gid/tuan da tao dilu kidn cho nganh thffdng mai dien tff phat trien manh. Trong bd'i canh hien nay, khi the gidi chifa sdn xua't dffde vae-xin cho bdnh Covid- 19 vd cdc nffdc, trong do cd Viet Nam, vdn phai thffe hien gian edcb xa hdi nhff mdt giai phdp chinh. Thffdng mai didn tff phdt trien keo theo nhilu ngffdi tieu dung chuydn qua mua sam trffc tuye'n va sff phdt trien ciia md hinh kinh doanh mdi tao cd hdi Idn cho cdc cdng ty dich vu chuyen phdt vdi tin suat giao hdng nhd le va dd phii song rdng khap cdc tinh thanh. Nhieu trang thffdng mai dien tu' cung dau tff vao xay dffng nen tang edng nghe vd hd thd'ng logistics, md rpng quy md kho bai, tang diem phan phd'i hang hda dd ddp ffng nhu cdu cua ngffdi dung.
Thd ba, mua bdn sdp nhdp (M&A) tiep tuc sdi ddng vdi ngdnh logistics. Trong vong 2-3 nam tdi, lan sdng M&A vdn tiep tue sdi ddng trong linh vffc logistics do dp lffc canh tranh gay gat trong bdi canh hpi nhdp kinh te toan cau, cung vdi sff tien bd cua khoa hpc edng nghe va tac ddng cua cudc each mang 4.0.
Cung vdi tiem nang tdng trffdng cao ciia thi trffdng dich vu logistics Viet Nam vd kha nang canh tranh kem cua cdc doanh nghiep trong nffdc, tao cd hdi Idn cho nhilu doanh nghidp nffdc ngoai tham gia vao thi trffdng logistics Viet Nam didng qua
hinh thffe M&A de tan dung mang Iffdi sdn cd, cung nguon khdch hang va kinh nghiem van hanh npi dia. Trong nam 2019, da cd nhilu thffdng vu M&A tri gid hang trieu do, nhff Tap doan Symphony International Holdings (Singapore) mua cd phan ciia Cdng ty CP Giao nhan va Vdn chuyen Indo Trin (ITL Corp) tff Singapore Post vdi gid 42,6 trieu USD, SSJ Consulting da chi gan 40 trieu USD de mua 10% tdng sd' cd phan cd quyen bieu quyd't dang Iffu hanh eiia Germadept.
Thii tie, dau tff vao kho, trung tam logistics va ehudi cung ffng lanh. Vdi sff gia tang manh sd Iffdng doanh nghiep thffdng mai dien tff, cung vdi nhu cau thud mat bang Iffu giff, phan loai hang hda, hoan ta't ddn hang,.. nhieu doanh nghiep da nam bat xu the', xay dffng vd dau tu he thdng kho, trung tam logistics vdi chffc nang cung ffng dich vu van tdi, hodn ta't ddn hdng, phan phd'i,... mot cdeh chuydn nghiep theo hffdng hien dai vdi cha't Iffdng cao.
Tinh dd'n dau nam 2019, toan qudc cd 6 trung tam logistics Idn du'dc khdi cdng xay dffng va du'a vao vdn bdnh. Mac du thi trffdng ehudi cung ffng lanh ndi chung va kho lanh ndi rieng tai Vidt Nam bi ddnh gid la nhd le va manh mun, tuy nhidn thi trffdng nay dang md rpng va dffde ky vpng cd nhffng bffdc phdt trien mdi trong nam 2020.
3.2. Mdt so gidi phdp hodn thien quan ly chat lid/ng dich vu logistics cho cdc doanh nghidp logistics ViitNam
Mot Id, hoan thien he thdng dich vu logistics.
Cdc doanh nghiep logistics Vidt Nam can cung cd', md rpng dai ly, xdy dffng cdc dai ly ddc quyen tie'n tdi dat van phdng dai dien phii khap ca nifdc vd md chi nhdnh d nffdc ngoai la nhffng bffde di hdt sffc quan trpng de tridn khai dich vu mdt each nhanh chdng vd cha't Iffdng, dap ffng kip thdi nhu cau eua khach hang. Ben canh do, doanh nghiep logistics can tham gia vdo Hiep hpi Doanh nghiep logistics Viet Nam hay Hiep hpi Dai ly va Mdi gidi hdng hdi de cung nhau boat ddng vd cd thdng tin can thiet trong nganh, giiip doanh nghiep cd sffc canh tranh vdi cac doanh nghiep nffdc ngoai khde cd cd sd ha tang va vd'n dau tff Idn dang hoat ddng tai thi trffdng Viet Nam. Cdc doanh nghidp logistics Viet Nam cd the hoe tap hen minh Thai Logistics Alliance (TLA)-mpt td chffc cd hdn 30 cdng ty logistics tham gia. Dang sau lien minh ndy td't nhien cd sff ung hp tich cffc cua chinh phu Thdi Lan va thffe sff day la mdt giai phap td't cho cac doanh nghidp logistics Viet Nam.
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Hai Id, dau tff eho cd sd vat chat - ky thudt.
Doanh nghiep logistics can tiep tuc dau tff hien dai hda trang thiet bi hidn cd, mua sam cdc trang thie't hi mdi. tao dieu kidn thuan Idi cho cdng tdc giao nhan. Ong dung edng nghd thdng tin theo hai chid'n Iffdc cho phep cdc doanh nghiep hoat ddng dich vu logistics phdt hidn ra ede diem yeu trong toan bd qud tnnh Iffu chuyen eua hang hda, loai bd dffde didi gian chdt, thdi gian Iffu kho tai cdc diem chuydn tai, nhd vay nang cao dffde hieu qua quan ly cha't Iffdng dieh vu logistics:
+ Chid'n Iffdc ngan han: Doanh nghiep logistics khai thdc tdi da he thdng quan ly van tai va trien khai he didng quan ly WMC (Warehouse Management System).
+ Chid'n Iffdc dai ban: Doanh nghidp nghien cffu ffng dung he thd'ng trao ddi dff heu didn tff EDI vdi 5 bffdc: (1) Chuan bi tai lieu ben gffi dff heu didn tff chudn bi tai heu dien tff; (2) Dich dO' lieu chuyen di;
(3) Truyen thdng truyin EDI trong mdi trffdng mang;
(4) Dich dff lieu de'n; (5) Xff ly tai lidu dien tff.
Ba Id, nhan vien cung ffng dich vu logistics. De nhdn vien trong cdc doanh nghiep logistics nhanh nhay trong vide xff ly tinh hud'ng bd't ngd cung nhff hieu ro nhu cau, mong mudn cua khach hang, ede doanh nghiep logistics cd the dp dung eac giai phdp sau:
- Khau luyen dung: Mudn cd ngudn nhan lffc chat Iffdng cao, ngay tff khau myen dung cac doanh nghiep phdi Iffa ehpn cho minh dpi ngu nhan lffc cd cha't Iffdng. TCiy vao vi tri cdng tac, doanh nghidp ebon lijfa nhan vien cd kinh nghidm hoac khdng
- Cdng tdc dao tao: Doanh nghiep logistics phai thid't kd' chffdng trinh ddo tao cua rieng minh, tai lieu lien quan nen dffde thiet ke' bai ban, chuyen nghiep, ngffdi giang day chuyen mdn phdi am hieu ve chie'n Iffdc, ehinh sdch eiia edng ty va cd nang life sff pham de tdng hieu qua truyen dat.
- Nang cao tinh than trdch nhiem ciia nhan vien: Doanh nghiep can tuyen truyen giao due cho ddi ngu nhan vien cd trdch nhiem cao ddi vdi hang hda, coi hang hda la chinh ban than minh.
Xay dffng mdt chinh sdch thifdng ptiiu rd rang, cdng khai cho loan bp nhan vidn ciing dffde biet vd thiet ke chinh sdch sff dung lao ddng hdp ly sau dao tao phu hdp vdi cffdng vi trdch nhidm mdi cua hp, tranh tinh trang suf dung ngffdi khdng phu hdp vi tri cdng tie gay tam ly chdn nan va thieu trdch nhiem vdi cdng vide.
Bon Id. td chffc bp mdy cung ffng dich vu logistics: Cde doanh nghidp logistics can quy dinh quyen ban, ehffe nang cho mdi bd phan trong doanh nghidp de dam bao mffc dp va quyen ban trong xfi ly va bd trd phd'i hdp van hanh. Cung vdi sff phdt trien cua doanh nghiep nhff md rdng tren toan qudc va sff phdt trien van tdi ndi dia trong tffdng lai, vide xay dffng bd may quan ly theo eum/vung tap trung se giup giam tai cd ca'u bd mdy theo chieu dpc chffa ebuydn sau nhff hien tai.
Nam ta, xdy dffng, hodn thien md hinh quan ly cha't Iffdng. Cdc doanh nghiep logistics Viet Nam can dau tff hodn thien md hinh quan ly chat Iffdng dieh vu logistics nham giup cdc khdu trong qud trinh tbffc hien dieh vu logistics didn ra mot cdch ddn gian va dam bao bdn. Ngoai vide Iffa ehpn dp dung md hinh qudn ly chat Iffdng tien tie'n cua thd gidi nhff ISO, SERQUAL hay TQM, cdc doanh nghiep logistics Viet Nam can hoan thidn ehffe ndng to chffc, kiem tra, kiem soat vd dilu chinh.
- Chffc nang td chffc thffe hien: Doanh nghidp phai lam cho nhan vien thffe hien ke' hoach biet rd muc tieu, sff can thie't va npi dung cdng vide md minh phai lam.
- Chffc ndng kiem tra, kiem sodt viec thffe hidn md hinh qudn ly chat Iffdng va lien hanh dilu chJnh neu can thie't: Day la qua tnnh danh gid cdc boat dpng tdc nghiep nham dam bao chat Iffdng dich vu logistics theo dung yeu cau de ra. Nhiem vu cua khau nay la xdc dmh kd hoach cd dffde tuan theo mdt each chat che hay khdng. Bat eff phan nan nao cua khdch hang vl tien dp giao hdng hay hang hda dffde giao khdng dam bao chat Iffdng nhff ban dau hoac td khai hdi quan cd sai sdt, deu co nghia Id muc tidu khdng dat dffde •
TAI Lliai THAM KHAO:
1. Bo Cling ThifcJng, 2019. Bao cao Logistics Viel Nam 2019: Logistics-Nang cao gid tri nong v, NXB Cong ThifUng.HiiN6i.tr 77-78.
KINH TE
2. Bp C5ng Thifdng, 2018 Bdo cdo Logistics Viet Nam 2018, NXB Cong Thildng, Ha NOi.
3. D5 Van Quang, 2015, Thifc trang va dinh hifdng phdt trien nganh Logistics Viet Nam Tnjy cap ngiy 29l04l2020lzi https://www.saga.vn/thuc-trang-dinh-huong-phat-trien-nganh-logistics-tai-viet-nam~34525 4. Ngin h^ng The gidi, 2018, Logistics Performance Index. Truy cap ngay 02/05/2020 tai https:/Api.worldbank org/lnternational/global.
5. Ngoc Mai, 2018. L/ng dung cdng nghd thdng tin trong logistics tai Viet Nam con khiem ton. Truy cSp ngay 01/05/2020 tai: https://ictnewsvietnamnet.vn/chlnh-phu-dten-tu/ung-dung-cang nghe thong tin-trong-logistics-tai- viet-nam-con-khiem-ton-167280.ict
6. Vietnam Logististics Review (1970), Ha tang logistics Viet Nam cin difdc quan tam dung mtjc, truy cap ngay ]0/5/202Q, http://vlr.vn/giao-thong/-ha-tang-logistics-vlet-nam-can-duoc-quan-tam-dung-muc-1632.vlr 7. Vietnam Logistics Review (2016), Logistics Viet Nam & nhOng Idi thd' ve vi tri dia ly, truy cap ngSy 10/5/2020 lai http://vlr.vnAogistics/news-2754.vlr
Ngay nhan bai: 6/6/2020
Ngay phan bi$n danh gia va sita chSa: 16/6/2020 Ngay chg'p nhSn dang bai: 26/6/2020
Thong tin tdc gid:
1. ThS. NCS. HOANG THI DOAN TRANG 2. TS. HOANG NGQC THUAN
Vi^n Kinh td' va Kinh doanh quo'c td' - D^i hpc Ngoai thiftfng
THE CURRENT QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS ENTERPRISES IN VIETNAM
• MA. HOANG THI DOAN TRANG
• Ph.D HOANG NGOC THUAN Institute of Economics & internationai Business,
Foreign Trade University
ABSTRACT:
Logistics is an important service sector in the overall structure of the national economy, playing a supporting, connecting and promoting socio-economic development of the whole country as well as each locality. Therefore, logistics service providers need to deeply understand the important factors in managing the quality of logistics services in order to achieve success. This stody analyses and assesses in detail the current siniation of quality management of logistics service providers in Vietnam, providing solutions to help diese enteiprises improve Uieir performance.
Keywords: Enterprise, management, quality, logistics services.
So 16 - Thang 7/2020 51
