355 Tuyln tap cac cong trinh nghien ci>u vat ly Dja cJu 2008
HOP TAC VIET PHAP VE DIA VAT LY VA VAT LY DIA CAU TRONG MOI QUAN HE MAT TRCJI TRAI DAT
Le Huy Minh Viin Vdt ly dia cdu
18 Hodng Qudc Viet, Cdu gidy, Hd Npi Email:
1. Hop tac nghien cmi trong ITnh vyc dia vat ly
Trong ITnh vuc dia vat ly, hgp tac giira Vien Vat ly dia cau, Vien Khoa hgc va Cong nghe Viet Nam vod Vien Vat ly dia cau Paris dugc bat dau tir dau nhiing nam 90. Hgp tac nghien ciiu dau tien ve tim kiem nuoc ngam va sy 6 nhiem nuoc ngam dugc thuc hien 6 khu vuc thanh pho Ho Chi Minh bang viec sir dung to hgp cac phuong phap do sau dien va tir telua.
Ket qua do dac da chi ra mgt moi mong quan chat che giira muc do 6 nhiem tang nuoc ngam vod dac diem co dia mao cua cac thanh tao laterit va voi co dia hinh ciia cac thod ky De Tam va De Tir. Ket qua nghien cim da dua ra mgt huong dan don gian ve viec nghien cim dia chat thuy van nham xac dinh cac lop nuoc ngam sach ca 6 ting nong va tang sau lien quan mgt each tuong img vod kien tao De Tir va De Tam. To hgp do sau dien va tir telua da dugc thuc hien tren 5 myen voi tong cong 60 diem do xung quanh thanh pho Hi Chi Mmh, cho phep xay dyng dugc cac ban do dien tro suat a cac do sau khac nhau, co thi lien quan chat che voi chat lugng nuoc ngam a cac do sau nay [13, 14, 16, 17].
Nam 1995, hgp tac nghien cim cau tnic sau doi durt gay Song Hing sir dung phuong phap do bau tir telua da dugc thyc hien [15]. Viec do dac dugc thyc hien tren hiyin Yen Bai - Tuyen Quang dai 70km gom 10 diem do sau cit ngang doi dirt gay Song Hong. Kit qua cho thay sy ton tai ciia ba vimg diit gay Ion quan sat dugc tren ban dh dia chit: dirt gay Song Hong, dirt gay Song Chay va dut gay Song Lo dugc khing dinh bing sy ton tai cac vimg dan Ion va bat dong nhat 6 pham vi thach quyin. Kit qua do sau tir telua ciing khing dinh dirt gay Song Hong la mgt ranh giod giira hai khii co dac trung dien hoan toan khac nhau. Khii dong bic thuge ve khoi Nam Jrung Hoa, c6 dien tro suit cao. Lop v6 cua no co do day bmh thuong CO 35km va bi biln dang c6 tinh chit dia phuong duoi cac dirt gay Song H6ng, Song Chay va Song Lo va trong lan can ciia chimg. Khii nim o phia tay nam thuoc ve khii Dong Duong duong nhu chiu bien dang manh hon. Mat Moho 6 day duong nhu bi nang len toi do sau 25km. Dien tro suat thip ciia mariti tren va ciia dac biet cua lop v6 ben duoi co thi giai thich bang sy c6 mat ciia lugng Ion chit long tao ra cac qua trinh biln dang, va su co mat cua vimg rat nong duoi khoi Fancipan. Do sy c6 mat cua nuoc va nhiet do cao lam cho lop v6 ben duOT CO the bi nong chay timg phin dan toi sy giam cua dien tro suit. Nhung kit qua thu dugc tir de tai hgp tac nay donggop nhimg hilu bilt tit hon dk hilu co chl biln dang cua vimg duoi tac dgng x6 hue ciia tieu luc dia An Y)o vao mang Au - A.
^^^^JLyai^p TAG QU6C T £ 367
Nho su vien Ug khong hoan lai he thing may do sau tir telua Geo-histrument cua Vien vat ly dia cau Paris, cac hgp tac nghien cim ciu true sau cac doi dirt gay boat dgng bing phuong phap tir telua dugc phat triln manh trong nhung nam gin day tai Vien Vat ly dia ciu:
doi dirt^gay Lai Chau - Dien Bien [4], dirt gay SOT La [11], dirt gay Song Ca [12]. Tren co so cac tuyen do sau tir telua chi tiet cit ngang qua cac doi dirt gay da neu da chi ra ring tren mat cat dia dien thu dugc tir kit qua phan tich 2D sl lieu do sau tir telua (nho hgp tac giup da ciia GS TS Guy Marquis, Vien VLDC Strasbourg), doi dut gay boat dgng co thi duoc phan biet ro boi sy giam^ dien tro suit ro ret, do dit da trong doi dirt gay bi pha buy va co sy luan chuyen ciia nuoc dgc theo dirt gay, hoac do sy nong chay cue bg trong khu vuc dirt gay do nhiet dugc giai thoat trong qua trinh biln dang va biln chit dgc theo dut gay va su nang len cue bg ciia Moho o gan khu vyc dirt gay. Cac kit qua nghien cim cho thiy ring phuong phap do sau tir telua la mgt phuong phap rit hiiu hieu trong nghien ciai ciu tnic sau ciia cac dut gay, nhat la cac dirt gay boat dgng.
Ciing nho sy giup do ciia GS Pham Van Nggc va TS Daniele Boyer a Vien Vat ly dia cau Paris, va GS TS Guy Marquis o Vien Vat ly dia ciu Strasbourg, phuong phap do sau tir telua da dugc sir dung trong viec nghien cim ciu tnic miln vong Ha Ngi nhim tim kilm cac cau friic CO trien vgng dau khi [6]. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thiy sir dung phuong phap do sau tir telua a vimg mien vong co the lam sang to cac cau tnic dirt gay trong miln vong, cac doi nang, dod sut liin, do sau mong da co ket... Cac ket qua nay ket hgp voi cac ket qua do dac dia vat ly va cac ket qua klioan co tlie dinln huong cho cong viec tim kiem tham do chi tilt.
Trong khuon kho hgp tac song phuong giiia Vien Vat ly dia cau, Vien KH&CN VN vod Vien Vat ly dia can Strasbourg, sir dimg to hgp cac phuong phap dia vat ly: phuong phap dien tir, phuang phap do sau dien, phuong phap georadar... da tien hanh nghien cim dac tnmg 6 nhiem vimg bai rac Dong Thanh, thanh pho Ho Chi Minh [2]. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay cac di thuong cau tnic do dan lien quan chat che voi cac vimg 6 nhiem. Tien hanh do dac khao sat 6 nhiing thod diem khac nhau theo thod gian co the danh gia dugc mirc do phat trien ciia cac vimg 6 nhiem. Ket qua minh chimg hieu qua ciia cac phuong phap dia vat ly trong
cac nghien cim dia chit thuy van va moi truong. .'. .
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2. Hop tac trong cac nghien ciru vat ly dja cau trong moi quan he Mat Troi - Trai Dat, nghien cuu trucmg tir ot Viet Nam
U Hgp tac quoc tl nay giira Vien Vat ly dia cau va mgt so po quan nghien cim khoa hoc thuoc Trung tam Nghien cim khoa hgc quIc gia phap (Vien Vat ly dia cau Paris, Tmng tam Nghien cim Moi truong Trai Dat va Cac hanh tinh, Truong Dai hgc Bourgogne, Truong Dai hgc Rennes 1, Truang Vien thong quIc gia Bretagne) huong ling chuong trinh nghien cim "Khi hau va thai tiet trong he thing Mat Troi - Trai Dat"
dugc dl nghi boi Cong ding cac nha khoa hgc quoc gia va quoc tl ciia To chirc Dia tir va Cao khong quIc tl, la mgt chuang trinh khoa hgc quIc te nghien cim moi truong gan Trai dit va moi truong giira cac hanh tinh cho giai do^n 2003-2011. Muc dich ciia chuonc trinh la buy dgng cong ding cac nha khoa hgc quoc te nghien cim moi quan h^
Mat Troi - Trai Dit, dl sir dung tit ca cac so lieu da co, hien dang thu thap va cac so lieu tron? tuong lai nham muc dich:
T r o Tuyln tap cac cong trinh nghian cuu vat ly Dja c^u 2008^
a) Dy bao tit hon vl mat thai gian;
b) Xac dinh cac he thing cong nghe tren cac ve tinh va duoi mat dat sir dung cho muc dich dy bao nay;
c) Hilu dugc vai tro ciia mli lien he giua Mat Troi va Trai Dit trong nhung thay doi toan cau hien nay.
D I tang cuong cac thilt bi quan sat phuc vu de tai hgp tac nghien cuu, 3 may thu GPS lien tuc dugc lip dat tai Ha Ngi, Hul ya thanh phi H I Chi Minh, nham nghien cim ning do dien tir ting cong ting dien ly, nhip nhay dien ly... 6 khu vyc di thuong dien ly xich dao Viet Nam lien quan vai biln thiin tir truang Trai dit. Bk tai hgp tac nay vira voi muc dich trao dii hgp tac khoa hgc, vira co muc dich dao tao can bg tre cua Viet Nam. Theo dk an hgp tatNCS Pham Xuan Thanh se bao ve luan an tien sy tai Truang Dai hgc Bourgogne, Dijon vao ngay 8/12/2008 voi dk tai ''Nghiin ciru khi hdu chi dp gid miia a Viet Nam vd nhieng dp dung du bdo miia : cdc qud trinh vdt ly liin qugn din cdc chu ky nude, ddng thdng dieng vd ddng dm khi quyin, cdc chu trinh trung binh ndm vd nhiiu logn, nghiin ciru du bdo'' duai sy huong dan cua GS TS Bernard Fontaine.
ThS Luu Viet Himg va ThS Pham Thi Thu Hing da dugc nhan lam nghien cim sinh khoa 2008-2012 tai Truong Dai hgc Paris 11 va Truong Dai hgc Paris 6 ve cac de tai ''Nghiin cicu trudng tic telua vd minh gidi sd lieu do sdu tic telua a Viet Nam" (ThS Luu Viet Hiing, nguoi huong dan: GS TSKH Michel Menvielle va TS Le Huy Minh),
"Nghiin ciru biin thiin chuyin tiip ciia truang tic Trdi ddt a Viet Nam'" (ThS Pham Thi Thu Hing, nguoi huong dan: TSKH Christine Amory-Mazaudier, TS Le Huy Minh).
Mgt so bai bao chung da dugc cong bo, vai cac ket qua nghien cuu ve dynamo nhieu loan dien ly 6 pham vi toan cau [3, 8] toi cac ket qua nghien cuu co tinh chat tong quan ve cac truong vat ly 6 khu vyc Viet Nam trong moi quan he Mat Troi-Trai Dat [1] va nhiing ket qua nghien cim buoc dau ve nong do dien tir tong cong tang dien ly 6 Viet Nam [5, 7], va moi tuong quan giira ham lugng hoi nuoc tang khi quyen va do chinh x.ic ciia dinh vi tuyet doi bang GPS o khu vyc Viet Nam [9, 10].
3. Trien vong ho'p tac trong nhirng nam toi
Trong nhiing nSm toi, cac hgp tac da tiln hanh voi Vien Vat ly dia ciu Strasbourg ve viec img dyng cac phuong phap dia vat ly trong nghien cim cac ciu tnic nong gin mat dat nham phucvu cac nghien cim dia chit thiiy van, ciing nhu cac nghien cim cau tnic sau v6 Trai Dat bang phuong phap tir telua se dugc diy manh. Hgp tac voi Vien Vat ly dia cau Strasbourg se dugc mo rgng sang huong danh gia anh huong ciia ting khi quyin toi viec truyen tin hieu GPS va ham lugng hoi nuoc ting cong tir sl lieu GPS, chuyin dgng kien tao v6 Trai dat o khu vyc Viet Nam. Hgp tac voi Trung tam Nghien cim Moi truong Trai dat va cac hanh tinh sir dung tin hieu ve tinh Demeter nghien cuu cac tin hieu tir dien ly lien quan toi hoat dgng dgng dit va cac nhieu loan dien ly lien quan toi nhieu qua trinh vat ly khac nhau trong ting dien ly, trong tir quyin... bit diu tir nam 2008 se dugc tiep tuc trong tuong lai. Cac hgp tac nghien cim vl truong tir Trai dat, ve img dung cong nghe GPS trong nghien ciai dien ly vai Vien Vat ly dia ciu Paris,
aiAaALUQ'P TAG QUrtG Tg , 369
Trung tam Nghien cim moi truang Trai dit va cac hanh tinh, Truang Dai hgc Rennes 1, Trudng Vien thong quoc gia Bretagne tilp tuc dugc duy tri va phat triln. Nghien cim vl cac van de bien doi khi hau .o khu vyc Viet Nam voi Tmng tam Nghien cim khi hau, Truong Dai hgc Bourgogne se dugc tilp tuc phat triln sau khi NCS Pham Xuan Thanh bao ve thanh cong luan an tiln sy. Cac hgp tac vl nghien ciiu boat dgng dong set 6 Viet Nam, nghien ciiru khi quyen bing cong nghe laser la nhiing chii de co the dugc mo ra va phat trien tiiy theo nhu ciu hgp tac cua Vien Vat ly dia ciu.
4. Tai lieu tham khao
1. Amory-Mazaudier C, Le Huy Minh et al., 2006. Sun-Earth system interaction studies over Vietnam: an international cooperative project, Ann. Geophys., 24,1-15.
2. Marquis G., Nguyen Van Giang & Le Huy Minh, 2008. Geophysical mapping of contaminant spread around a domestic waste site, Near-Surface Geophysics, revised.
3. Le Huy Minh and C. Mazaudier, 2005. Magnetic signature of the ionospheric disturbance d>namo at equatorial latitudes "Ddyn". J. Geophys. Res, 110, A10301, doi :10.1029/2004JA010578.
4. Le Huy Minh, Le Tmong Thanh, Ngo Van Quan, Pham Van Nggc, Daniele Boyer, Truong Thi Himg, 2003. Bao cao "Ket qua nghien cim so bg cau tnic sau long chao Dien Bien Phii bing phuong phap do sau tir - telua", thuoc de tai KC08 "Phan vimg du bao chi tilt dgng dit vimg Tay Bac", luu trir Vien Vat ly dia cau.
5. Le Huy Minh, A. Bourdillon, P. Lassudrie Duchesne, R. Fleury, Nguyen Chien Thang, Trin Thi Lan, Ngo Van Quan, Le Tmong Thanh, Tran Nggc Nam, Hoang Thai Lan, 2006. Xac dinh ham lugng dien Ui tong cong tang dien ly o Viet Narn qua so lieu cac tram thu tin hieu ve tinh GPS Ha Ngi, Hue va Hoc Mon, Tap chi Dia chat, A296, 54-62.
6. Le Huy Mmh, V6 Thanh Son, Nguyen Chiln Thing, Luu Viet Himg, Truong Thi Himg, Le Truong Thanh, Ngo Van Quan, 2006. Bao cao "Ket qua khao sat mien vong Ha Ngi bing phuong phap do sau tir - telua", luu trii Vien Vat ly dia ciu.
7. Le Huy Minh, A. Bourdillon, P. Lassudrie Duchesne, R. Fleury, Nguyen Chien Thang, Trin Thi Lan, Ngo Van Quan, Le Tmong Thanh, Tran Nggc Nam, Hoang Thai Lan, 2007. Anh huong ciia bao tir tod nong do dien tir tong cong ting dien ly vimg di thudng
• dien ly xich dao Dong Nam A, Tap chi Cac khoa hgc Trai Dit, 29(2), 104-112.
8. Le Huy Minh and C. Mazaudier, 2008. Planetary magnetic signature of the storm wind disturbance dynamo currents: Dd>n, J. Geophys. Res., 113, A02312, doi :10.1029/2007JA012686.
9. Le Huy Minh, Pham Xuan Thanh, Nguyen Chien Thing, Trin Thi Lan, R. Fleury, P.
Lassudrie-Duchesne, A. Bourdillon, C. Amory-Mazaudier, Trin Nggc Nam, Hoang Thai Lan 2008. Danh gia quan he giua ham lugng hod nuoc khi quyen va do chinh xac dinh vi tuyet doi bing GPS d Viet Nam, Tap chi cac Khoa hgc Trai dit, 30(2), 161-169.
10. Le Huy Minh, Pham. Xuan Thanh, Nguyen Chien Thang, Tran Thi Lan, R. Fleury, P.
Lassudrie-Duchesne, A. Bourdillon, C. Amory-Mazaudier, Trin Nggc Nam, Hoang Thai
3yQ Tuy6n tap cac cong trinh nghien CUOJ Vat ly Dja c4u 2008
Lan, 2008. Total uopospheric water vapour and precision of the absolute position bv GPS m Vietaam, J. Geology, Serie B, 31-32,118-126.
11. Le Huy Mtah, V6 Thanh SOT, Nguyin Chiln Thing, Nguyen Trgng Vu, Nguyen Dinh Xuyen, G. Marquis, Trin Van Thing, 2008. Mat cat cau tnic dia dien doi dut gay Son La theo kit qua do sau tir telua. Tap chi Cac khoa hgc Trai Dat, dang m.
12. Le Huy Minh, V6 Thanh SOT, Nguyen Dinh Xuyen, Trin Van_Thing, Guy Marquis, Nguyen Trgng Vu, Le Tnrdng Thanh, Nguyen Ba Duan, Nguyen Ba Vinh, Dong Thi Nhan, TruOTg Thi Himg, Nguyen Van Ngy, 2008. Bao cao dl tai khoa hgc cong nghe cip Vien KH&CN VN "Nghien cim dac tnmg ciu tnic sau vimg dut gay hoat dgng (dut gay SOT La va dut gay Song Ca) bing phuOTg phap do sau tir telua", Luu trir Trung tam
Thong tin tu lieu, Vien KH & CN VN, va thu vien Vien VLDC. , 13. Pham V. N., D. Boyer, T. K. T. Nguyen, V. G. Nguyen, 1993. Mise en evidence par les
propries electriques du processus de pollution des aquiferes dans 1'agglomeration de Ho Chi Minh Ville (Viet Nam), Guide pour la recherche hydrogeologique, C. R. ACad. Sci.
Paris, Ser. II, 316,1223-1230.
14. Pham V. N., D. Boyer, T. K. T. Nguyen, V. G. Nguyen, 1994. Deep ground water uivestigation by combmed VES/MTS methods near Ho Chl Mmh City, Vietnam, Ground Water, 32, 675-682. ; i .j^;
15. Van Ngoc Pham, D. Boyer, Van Giang Nguyen et Thi Kim Thoa Nguyen, 1995.
Propretes electriques et stmcture profonde de la zone de faille du Fleuve Rouge au Nord Viet-Nam d'apres les resultats de sondage magneto-tellurique, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 320, serie Ila,/5;-/57.
16. Van Ngoc Pham, Daniele Boyer, Jean-Louis Lemouel, Thi Khn Thoa Nguyen, 2002.
Hydrogeological investigation in tlie Mekong Delta around Ho Chi Mmh City (South
Vietaam) by electric tomography, C. R. Geoscience, 334, 733-740. » ' 17. Nguyin Thi Khn Thoa, Nguyen Van Giang, Pham Van Nggc, Daniele Boyer, 1994.
Khao sat nude ngam sau bang to hgp cac phuong phap tir telua va phuang phap do sau dien. Tap chi Khoa hgc Cong nghe, XXXIL2,J7-67. ...
