CONTOH SOAL DAN PEMBAHASAN: Text
7. NEWS ITEM
NEWS ITEM
Jika ada suatu peristiwa penting yang patut diketahui oleh banyak orang, maka peristiwa ini pan- tas dijadikan berita. Nah, teks berita itulah yang dinamakan dengan news item. Namun, jika ada peristiwa yang tidak pantas diketahui oleh orang banyak, maka peristiwa tersebut jelas tidak layak dijadikan berita.
Communicative Purpose
To inform readers/listeners about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or impor- tant.
(Memberitakan kepada pembaca/pendengar tentang peristiwa/kejadian yang dipandang layak diberitakan atau penting)
Text Organization
• Newsworthy event (Kejadian yang patut dijadikan berita/kejadian inti)
• Background events (Latar belakang kejadian): menjelaskan kejadian, orang yang terlibat, tempat kejadian, dsb.
• Sources (Sumber informasi): komentar saksi kejadian, pendapat para ahli, dsb.
Language Features
• Informasi singkat tertuang dalam headline (judul berita). • Action verbs (kata kerja tindakan), e.g. go, read, sing, etc. • Saying verbs, e.g. say, tell, dsb.
• Adverbs (kata keterangan: waktu, tempat, atau cara), e.g. yesterday, the most beautiful bride in the world, badly injured, dsb.
Text 1
JAKARTA POST: Researchers have found a technique to quickly assess disorders in babies. This new meth- od, published Wednesday in the magazine Science Translational Medicine, is a proof of concept that it’s possible to quickly scan a baby’s entire DNA and pinpoint a disease-causing mutation in a couple of days instead of the more typical weeks as months. The study investigation to four babies said that the test could be one of the irst partical fruits of the revolution in squencing an individual’s entire DNA.
The idea behind the test is to take advantage of what is known about disease symptoms to nar- row the search for genetic. And that is a good step in the right direction, said Dr. Joe Gray, an expert in genome analysis at Oregon Health and Science University,. “It’s a big genome,” said Dr. Joe Gray, who was not involved with the study. “How do you know what part of it to search?”
While more research needs to be done before the test is ready for widespread use, he applauded
CONTOH SOAL DAN PEMBAHASAN:
the efort “If people don’t push the envelope like this, then we won’t get there, “Dr. Gray said.
1. What is the text about?
A. The test for healthy genetic. B. Disease symptoms in babies. C. Health analysis demonstration. D. DNA scan technique for babies.
E. Medical research of disease symptoms. UN 2012/ 2013
Jawaban: D Pembahasan:
Dijelaskan dalam kalimat ke-2 paragraf 1:
Researchers have found a technique to quickly assess disorders in babies (Peneliti telah me- nemukan sebuah tehnik cepat untuk me- nemukan kelainan pada bayi). Dalam teks selanjutnya dijelaskan bahwa teknik tersebut adalah Scan DNA. Jadi, teks berbicara tentang
DNA scan technique for babies (teknik scan DNA pada bayi).
2. Besides scanning a baby’s DNA, the new method ....
A. shows disease symptoms B. detects its physical disorder C. points out its health condition D. explains its physical condition E. describes its physical appearance
UN 2012/ 2013
Jawaban: B Pembahasan:
Dijelaskan dalam kalimat ke-2 paragraf 1
This new method, published Wednesday in the magazine Science Translational Medicine, is a proof of concept that it’s possible to quickly scan a baby’s entire DNA and pinpoint a disease- causing mutation …. (Metode ini, yang dipublikasikan pada hari Rabu di Majalah Science Translational Medicine, adalah sebuah bukti dari konsep bahwa memungkinkan untuk dengan cepat mengamati seluruh DNA bayi dan menentukan penyakit yang menyebabkan mutasi (perubahan bentuk) Jadi, dengan kata lain, selain untuk scanning a baby, metode baru tersebut juga berguna untuk menjelaskan kelainan isik seorang bayi. 3. “...,he applauded the efort...” (Paragraph 3).
The underlined word is closest in meaning to ....
A. clapped hands D. objected
B. appreciated E. refused
C. encouraged
UN 2012/ 2013
Jawaban: C Pembahasan:
Makna yang paling dekat dengan kata “ap- plauded” dalam konteks wacana di atas adalah “encourage” (memberi dorongan semangat), clapped hands (bertepuk tangan), appreci- ated (menghargai), objected (berkeberatan), refused (menolak)
Text 2
Ragunan Zoo : Not yet a world class attraction
The city administration ofered Ragunan Zoo in South Jakarta the inancial support it needed to be- come a world-class tourist destination, but the ofer was refused by the management.
Governor Joko “ Jokowi” Widodo ofered to dis- burse up to Rp 500 billion (US$45,5 million) for the project, with the only requirement being a master plan that would be valid for a century.
“The preparation to make the blueprint and macro design for the zoo should start now. The ad- ministration is ready to release the luids as long as there is a clear program ” he said on the sidelines of the public dialogue at the zoo on Tuesday.
The newly installed zoo supervisor, business ty- coon Hashim Djojohadikusumo, declined the ofer, saying that blueprint could only be formulated next year.
He further insisted “ we can request budget funds the following year once we inish collecting public feed back.”
Zoo director Marsawitri Gumay said that the zoo was in dire need of more funds to improve infra- structure, such as animal enclosures.
On regular days, the 147-hectare zoo is visited by around 3.000 people, this number rises to 20,000 people on weekends and can reach 60,000 during school holidays. During peak seasons, such as Idul Fitri, visitors can number over 140,000 each day.
“With such a tight budget, we cannot make infra- structure improvements. Most of enclousures need to be replaced, not to mention street vendors who enter the zoo and littering visitors,” Marsawitri said.
1. What is the text about? A. The world class attraction. B. Ragunan zoo master plan.
C. The world class tourist destination. D. More fund to improve its infrastructure. E. Refusal fund by Ragunan Zoo manage-
ment.
UN 2013/ 2014
pustaka-indo.blogspot.com
Jawaban: E Pembahasan:
Teks tersebut membicarakan tentang peno- lakan penawaran dana oleh manajemen ke- bun binatang Ragunan.
2. What happens at Ragunan Zoo on regular days?
A. It replaces most of the enclousures. B. It is visited by around 3,000 people. C. It covers its attractions operational costs. D. More attractions are shown..
E. It makes the blueprint and macro design. UN 2013/ 2014
Jawaban: B Pembahasan:
Dijelaskan dalam kalimat ke-1 paragraf 7 : On
regular days, the 147-hectare zoo is visited by around 3.000 people ...
3. “Governor Joko “Jokowi” Widodo ofered to disburse up to Rp 500 billion ...” (paragraph 2). The underlined word is closest in meaning to ... A. pay D. distribute B. return E. compensate C. repay UN 2013/ 2014 Jawaban: A Pembahasan:
Makna yang paling dekat dengan kata “dis- burse” dalam konteks wacana di atas adalah “pay” (membayar), return (mengemba- likan), repay (membayar kembali), distribute (mendistribusikan), compensate (mengganti rugi).
3.
DISCUSSION
DISCUSSION
Discussion text adalah teks yang memaparkan perdebatan sebuah masalah yang didiskusikan dari sudut pandang yang berbeda. Tulisan atau teks discussion ini biasanya kita dapati di dalam tulisan ilsafat, sejarah dan sosial.
Communicative Purpose
To present (at least) two opinions about an issue. (untuk menyajikan paling sedikit 2 (dua) pendapat tentang sebuah masalah.
Example of Discussion Text
Teks discussion ini biasanya kita dapati di dalam editorial surat kabar, journals, dsb.
Text Organization • Issue (memperkenalkan topik yang menjadi perhatian)
• Arguments-for (argumen pro dalam mendukung masalah ini. Di sini penulis membahas setiap poin, dan kemudian memberikan informasi rinci atau bukti yang mendukungnya)
Arguments-against (argumen konatr dengan masalah ini. Di sini penulis membahas setiap poin, dan kemudian memberikan informasi rinci atau bukti yang mendukungnya.
• Conclusion/recommendation (Pada akhir teks, penulis biasanya menyimpulkan diskusi: as the result of the controversy, after all, in summary, dsb.) Penulis juga biasanya memberikan reko- mendasi tertentu untuk masalah yang dibahas.
Language Features
• General nouns, e.g. examination, cloning, etc. • Relating verbs, e.g. is, are, etc.
• Thinking verbs, e.g. think, feel, hope, believe, etc. • Additive connectives, e.g. furthermore, besides, etc. • Contrastive connectives, e.g. although, nevertheless, etc. • Causal connectives, e.g. because, since, etc.
• Modalities, e.g. must, should, etc.
• Adverbs of manner, e.g. hopefully, likely, etc.
CONTOH SOAL DAN PEMBAHASAN:
Text 1Internet has been the most outstanding invention in the history of mankind. With internet, our earth has become a global village. Yet, like many other human made technologies, it has its own advantages and disadvantages.
There are plenty of software that can entertain us or help us to communicate with our beloved ones. In a mere second, we can chat for hours with a person who is sitting at the other parts of the world, read our e-mail in our smart phone, or listen to our favorite radio broadcast by streaming it on our table.
With its easy access, internet also has its disadvantages. One of them is children may be exposed to violence and explicit contents that only suitable for adults. There are thousands of such inappropriate contents on the internet which can be easily found. It is a very serious issue and may harm children well-being.
Although, internet can create havoc and destruction, its advantages are more important than its disadvantages.
1. What is one of disadvantages of the internet? A. It exposes children to violence
B. It helps us chat with our beloved ones C. It helps us communicate from faraway D. It streams our favorite radio broadcast E. It sends to our e-mail from our smart
phone
UN 2014/ 2015
Jawaban: A Pembahasan:
Dijelaskan dalam kalimat 1 dan 2 paragraf 3: With its easy access, internet also has its disadvantages. One of them is children may be exposed to violence and explicit contents that only suitable for adults.
2. The main idea of paragraph 2 is … A. The use of internet can be very fatal B. Internet has some advantages C. People should not use internet D. Internet can make us lazy
E. Internet brings more harm than good UN 2014/ 2015
Jawaban: B Pembahasan:
Gagasan utama paragraf 2 adalah internet
mempunyai beberapa manfaat.
3. From the passage, we can assume that chil- dren should be .... By their parents while they are using the internet.
A. Taught D. Accompanied B. Watched E. Observer C. Seen UN 2014/ 2015 Jawaban: D
pustaka-indo.blogspot.com
Pembahasan:
Dari teks di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketika anak-anak sedang menggunakan in- ternet sebaiknya mereka ditemani (accom- panied) agar tidak membuka situs-situs yang
seharusnya tidak dibuka..
Text 2
There are a lot of discussions as to whether children should be given homework or not.
Some people claim that children do enough work in school already. They also argue that children have hobbies that they want to do after school, such as sports or music. A further point they make is that a lot of homework is pointless and doesn’t help the child learn at all.
However, there are also strong arguments againts this point of view. Parents and teachers argue that it is important to ind out whether children can work on their own without the support from the teacher. They say that the evening is a good time for children to sit down and think about what they have learned in school.
Furthermore, they claim that the school day is too short to get anything done that needs doing and it makes sense to send home tasks like inde¬pendent reading or further writing tasks that don’t need teacher’s support.
On balance, I think that some homework is a good idea but that it should only given at the weekend when children have more time.
1. How do we compare the second and the fourth paragraph?
A. Both paragraphs argue that homework is necessary for students.
B. Unlike the fourth paragraph, the second paragraph argues that homework is un- necessary.
C. The second paragraph supports that stu- dents need homework, but the fourth paragraph does not.
D. The second paragraph and the fourth paragraph argue that students do not need homework.
E. The second and the fourth paragraphs do not say anything about the beneit of homework.
UN 2008/ 2009
Jawaban: B Pembahasan:
Paragraf ke-2 menentang PR untuk anak-anak karena tugas di sekolah sudah cukup berat dan mereka butuh waktu untuk hobinya. Sedangkan paragraf ke-4 mendukung adanya PR karena waktu belajar di sekolah masih kurang.
2. How many reasons are presented by those who are against homework?
A. 1 D. 4 B. 2 E. 5 C. 3 UN 2008/ 2009 Jawaban: C Pembahasan:
Ada tiga alasan yang dinyatakan oleh mereka yang menentang pekerjaan rumah. Semuanya bisa ditemukan pada paragraf 2, kalimat ke-1, 2, dan 3.
3. Those who are pro homework think that the students can ... in the evening.
A. Prepare for the next lesson. B. Review their lessons. C. Enjoy their pastime. D. Do their hobbies. E. Test themselves.
UN 2008/ 2009
Jawaban: B Pembahasan:
Mereka yang setuju dengan PR berpendapat bahwa murid-murid bisa mengulang pela-
jaran mereka pada malam hari. They say that
the evening is a good time for children to sit down and think about what they have learned in school. (Paragraf ke-2 kalimat terakhir).
pustaka-indo.blogspot.com
4. “A further point they make is that a lot of homework is pointless and doesn’t help the child learn at all.” (Paragraph 2)
The underlined word is synonymous with ....
A. Terrible. D. Unimportant.
B. Careless. E. Uninteresting.
C. Diicult.
Jawaban: D Pembahasan:
Makna yang dekat dengan kata “pointless” adalah “unimportant” (tidak penting). Terrible (mengerikan), careless (ceroboh), diicult (sulit), uninteresting (tidak menarik)
UN 2008/ 2009
5. What is the writer’s suggestion about home- work?
A. Homework is pointless. B. Homework is badly needed.
C. Homework should be given at weekend. D. Student should not be given any home-
work.
E. Student must frequently have homework. UN 2008/ 2009
Jawaban: C Pembahasan:
Penulis menyarankan untuk memberikan pekerjaan rumah di akhir pekan, informasi
tersebut ada di paragraf terakhir: “On Balance,
I think that some homework is a good idea but that should only be given at the weekend when children have more time.”
