i ABSTRACT
Al Adawiyah, Rabiah. 2101121033. The Effect of Using Storytelling through Video on Students’ Speaking Ability”. A Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Languages and Art, State University of Medan. 2015.
Abstract
This study was focused on the investigation of the effect of using Storytelling through Video on Students’ Speaking Ability. This study discovered the effect of using Storytelling through Video on Students’ Speaking Ability. It was conducted by using experimental research design. The population of this research was grade XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Pantai Cermin divided into two groups, namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by using Storytelling through Video, while the control group was taught by using lecturing method (without Storytelling through Video). The instruments used to collect the data was writing recount text. After the data were analyzed, it was found that the value of t-observed was 3.909 with the degree of freedom (df)= 38 at the level of significance 0,05. It means that t-observed was higher than t-table (3.909 > 2.024). The result of this study showed that teaching speaking by using storytelling through video was higher than that by using lecturing method (without using storytelling through video). It implies that storytelling through video is appropriate to be applied for speaking.
ii for the Prophet Muhammad who brings us from darkness to the brightness.
The writer realizes that this thesis would not have been accomplished without generous helps, supports, advices, and prays of others. Many people have helped and contributed their ideas and time in completing this thesis and it would be impossible to mention all of them. However, the writer would like to express her sincerest gratitude and appreciation to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Languages and Arts Faculty. Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature
Department.
Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department.
Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., the Head of English Education Study
Program and the writer Academic Consultant.
Dr. Siti Aisah Ginting, M.Pd., the writer Thesis Consultant. Dr. Rahmad Husein, M. Ed., the writer Thesis Reviewer.
The writer sincerely thanks to her Dad and her Mom for never giving up on her and for their tireless pray and love to the writer not only in completing this thesis but also in her life. The writer’s special gratitude also goes to her dearest Brothers ( Fakhrurrozi, M.Pd., Rahmattulloh, S.T., Abdul Halim, S.S.T., Najamuddin, S.Pd., Roni Pandapotan,
Abdul Rahim, Ade Ilham Syaputra and M. Abdillah Harkan) for
being so cute and relieving.
To her beloved Sisters (Patimah Sahro, S.Pd, Nur Azizah and Nur Habibah) who always keep the writer on the right way and cover her with
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Special Thanks to writer’s Cousins, Masitoh, Rizki Ulfa and Khairunnisa, who sincerely feed her and give her a shelter whenever she
need it.
Her very beautiful thanks for all the precious experiences in Sanggar Teater LKK Unimed. To the unexplainable people who always do a lot of unexplainable stupid things in her days, Mentari Asgara, Eva Dina, Fenny Chairani, Rizki Akbar, Rahma Amelia, Asri Handayani, Putri
Viana, M. Rusdi, Tiarma Hutaoit and Ari Dondong Handoko.
Her dearest and beloved best friends, Mia Adilla Panjaitan, Afni Aisyah Sihaloho, Maya L Hutapea, Sartika Dewi Panjaitan, Aprilza Azwani,
Suryani Hasibuan, and Sabar Parsaulian Harahap. Thanks for being the sweet encouragers, constant supporters and amazing friends who she can always count on in these last four years.
A big thanks to all the students of English Department, especially ReAction (Reg A in Action) 2010, to all friends from PPLT SMA N 1
PANTAI CERMIN 2013, and for all people that can not be mentioned
one by one for their care, support, pray and love.
Finally the writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer will happily accept constructive criticism in order to make it better. The writer hopes that this thesis would be beneficial to everyone.
Medan, Februari 2015 The Writer
Rabiah Al Adawiyah
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E. The Significance of the Study... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
8. Storytelling through Video... 21
B. Conceptual Framework... 23
C. The Instrument of Collecting Data... 28
D. The Scoring of the Test………. 29
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1. Pre – test... 31
2. Treatment... 31
3. Post – test ... 32
F. Controlling the Treatment... 33
G. The Validity and Reliability of the Test... 34
H. Technique of Data Analysis... 34
I. The Statistical Hypothesis……… . 35
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS A. Data Analysis... 36
1. Testing Reliability of the Test... 36
2. Analyzing the Data by Using T-Test... 37
3. Testing Hypothesis... 38
B. Research Findings... 39
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion... 40
B. Suggestion... 40
REFERENCES... 39
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 3.1. Research Design ... 31
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
APPENDIX 1. The result of students’ Experimental Group (Pre-test) ... 43
APPENDIX 2. The result of students’ of Experimental Group (Post-test)... 44
APPENDIX 3. The result of students’ of Control Group ( Pre-test) ... 45
APPENDIX 4. The result of students’ of Control Group ( Post-test)... 46
APPENDIX 5 . The Calculation of t-test (The Data of Experimental Group) ... 47
APPENDIX 6 The Calculation of t-test (The Data of Control Group) ... 48
APPENDIX 7.The Calculating of t-table and t-observed. ... 49
APPENDIX 8.The Statistical Anlysis for realibility Cofficient. ... 50
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of The Study
English as international language is important for human beings. It means English is widely used in at least some parts of everyday life of some people around the world. Learning English means learning language components and language skills. Grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and spelling are examples of language components. Meanwhile, language skill covers listening, speaking, reading and writing.
Among the four skills, speaking is often considered as the most difficult skill to be mastered by the students. Learning to talk in the foreign language is often considered being one of the most difficult aspects of language learning for the lecturer to help the students. The development of speaking skill is a good source of motivation for most learners, who are normally much concerned to be able to speak and understand a foreign language.
By speaking with others, people are able to know what kind of situation is in the world. People know that language is a habit. Language is not only taught and learnt but it is used as a habit. So people must be able to speak English well because other people identify the English mastery with their ability. So we can conclude that people who have ability to speak will be better in receiving the information.
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processes teaching should be communicative because the graduated of the students in Senior High School are directed to have life skill for communication to meet the need job opportunity, besides they can continue their study to the higher level.
That is why the Government chosen instructional materials based on notional and function syllabus to acquire communicative competence in English. The students can express the meaning well with the appropriate form, such as, in grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary.
The weakness of the students have in learning English, according to the researcher’s observation is speaking ability. Their English Speaking ability is
still low. The indicators of the problems are as follows: First, the students feel shy to express their ideas in English, second, the students do not know how to apply different transactional and interactional expression in different situation. Third, the students are afraid of making mistakes in grammar, pronunciation and intonation. Fourth, the students have no courage to express their own English ability; and finally, they never use English in their daily communication either inside, or moreover outside the class because of their limited vocabulary.
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techniques. The teacher usually focus their teaching on the written test which was held in the mid or at the end of the semester, even in the final exam.
Wilkie (2001) states that in diagnosing the learning situations, teachers are required to design the teaching techniques that will make the students easy to follow and understand to the lessons given. Besides, in teaching English, the teacher has to be able to make students participate in discussing the materials actively, so that they will be able not only to understand what they are learning in the class but also to express their ideas in English orally. The most important thing to carry out in English teaching is that the teacher has to be able to use an appropriate approach, strategy and model of teaching.
The researcher assumed that an appropriate approach is needed to improve the students’ problem in speaking during teaching learning process. In other words, students need something new in their learning process. Using media is one of solutions that can help clarify the subject matter presented to students, and prevent the occurrence of verbal self-student. By using media, it can help teachers to make the new fun and active atmosphere in the classroom. It hoped that the teaching and learning process becomes interesting and make the students interested and motivated to learn the material.
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Brown, Lewis & Har (1977:233) support that video can create a link between mind, sight and hearing. If this condition happens, students will be likely to focus on the material and will learn it in an optimum way.
Beside that storytelling is the interactive art of using words and actions to reveal the elements and images of a story while encouraging the listener’s imagination. Using storytelling in the classroom is one way to address literacy development by improving oral language, reading comprehension, and speaking. Because of the interrelated nature of the processes involved in reading and speaking, storytelling is an effective strategy that can be woven into instruction to increase students’ competencies in all areas. Engaging in storytelling activities is a way to motivate even the most reluctant reader or speaker.
Storytelling is defined as, “relating a tale to one or more listeners through
voice and gesture” (National Council of Teachers of English, 1992, p. 1).
Using of storytelling through video can be more appropriate media to be used in increasing students’ speaking ability. Because the combination between
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storytelling through video encourage the listener’s imagination and exercise the emotions of both teller and listener.
A. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background of the study, the problem is formulated as follows: “Is there any significant effect on students’ ability in speaking by using Storytelling through video?
B. The Objective of the Study
The objective of this study is to find out if the using of Storytelling through Vide could significantly improves students’ speaking ability.
C. The Scope of the Study
There are many kinds of media in learning, they are audio media, visual media and visual media. Storytelling through Video is one of audio-visual media that can be used in teaching speaking. This study is focused on the effectiveness of Storytelling through Video on students’ speaking ability in Senior High School especially on second grade.
D. The Significance of the Study
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
This study deals with using Storytelling through Video on students’ Speaking
Ability. After analyzing the data, conclusions are taking as follows : The students’ speaking ability was improved by applying Storytelling through Video. And then this research found that the good media could help students to be more active and interested in teaching and learning process, especially in speaking lesson. So Using Storytelling through Video was an appropriate media to improve the students speaking ability.
B. Suggestion
In the relation to the conclusion above, the writer point out some suggestion as folowing:
1) It suggested to the English Teacher to Use Storytelling through Video in improving the students’ speaking with giving the interesting explanation,
good motivation and giving much time for the students to practice it.
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Nunan, David. 1991. Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary of Current English. London : Oxford University.
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