Abstrak
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan yang penting di Indonesia karena dapat mempengaruhi angka kematian. Ada banyak daerah di Indonesia yang menjadi daerah endemis DBD, dan salah satu diantaranya adalah Sumatera Utara.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik penderita DBD yang dirawat inap di bagian penyakit dalam RSUP H. Adam Malik tahun 2012.
Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, berdasarkan keluhan semua penderita DBD menderita demam dan mayoritas keluhan adalah nyeri sendi (78%), sakit kepala (62.7%), dan mual (52.2%), berdasarkan jumlah trombosit saat masuk terbanyak pada trombosit >100.000/mm3 (63.6%), berdasarkan jumlah trombosit terendah selama dirawat terbanyak pada trombosit >100.000/mm3 (47.5%). Berdasarkan jumlah hematokrit saat masuk terbanyak pada hematokrit <45% (79.7%), berdasarkan jumlah hematokrit tertinggi selama dirawat terbanyak pada hematokrit <45% (76.3%). Berdasarkan derajat penyakit terbanyak pada derajat I (55.1%). Berdasarkan sosiodemografi, prevalensi DBD terbanyak pada umur 16-20 tahun dan 21-25 tahun dengan jumlah masing-masing 21 orang (17.8%), jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 65 orang (55.1%), suku tapanuli sebanyak 35 orang (29.7%), tingkat pendidikan SLTA sebanyak 53 orang (44.9%), dan berdasarkan pekerjaan wiraswasta (31.4%).
Diharapkan untuk masa ke depan, pencatatan rekam medis di RSUP. Haji Adam Malik, Medan dapat dilakukan dengan tulisan yang mudah dibaca,. Masyarakat juga diharapkan supaya memperhatikan status kesehatan mereka dan segera mendapatkan pertolongan di Puskesmas, praktik dokter ataupun rumah sakit jika mereka mendapatkan tanda-tanda DBD pada tubuh mereka.
Kata kunci : DBD, karakteristik
Abstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the crucial medical problems in Indonesia due to the increasing of case fatality rate. Many areas of Indonesia were classified as an endemic area of DHF and Sumatera Utara is one of them.
This research is descriptive study with cross-sectional design was aimed to identify the characteristics of DHF patients who are hospitalized in the Internal Medicine department of H. Adam Malik general hospital in 2012.
From the research, based on clinical symptoms, fever were positive in all of the patients and other frequent symptoms are arthralgia (78%), headache (62,7%), nausea (52%). Based on first laboratory thrombocyte test results when encountered, the most common thrombocyte was at >100.000/mm3 (63.6%) and during hospitalized was at >100.000/mm3 (47.5%). Based on first laboratory hematocryte test results when encountered, the most common hematocryte was at <45% (79.7%) and during hospitalized was at <45% (76.3%). Based on stage, most of them were encountered at stage I. Based on sociodemography, prevalence of DHF were common in 16-20 years old (17,8%) and 21-25 years old group with the same amount 21 people (17,8%), women (65 patients, 55,1%), Tapanulian (35 patients, 29,7%), high school graduates (53 patients, 44,9%), and businessman (31,4%).
For a better research, medical records in RSUP. Haji Adam Malik should be revised so then it will be easily read by general physicians. The community should be more concerned for their own health and look for physicians when DHF symptoms start.
Key words : DHF, characteristics
