i ABSTRACT
MILITARY ACTIVITIES IN OUTER SPACE REVIEWED BY
THE ARTICLE IV OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY 1967
By:
Virandani Amalia*
Dr. Hj. Chairul Bariah, SH.M.Hum** Dr. Sutiarnoto MS, SH.M.Hum.***
In this space race century with progressively and ultramodern science in outer space sphere, space powers have been increasingly competing to demonstrated their supremacy and prestige in the space race by launching variegated spacecraft or other space instrumentalities in consequence it became hardly to recognized it cater the elements of peaceful purposes or militarization for military state prominence. The Outer Space Treaty 1967 constituted the authoritative basic legal instrument and the magna charta of exploration and exploitation of every outer space activities.
The issues in this research lies on the Article IV which proclaimed military activities in outer space were prohibited. Nevertheless, in the next paragraph stated Outer Space Treaty still provide military activity opportunities for peaceful uses purposes such as scientific research is allowed. The aim of this research are firstly, to elucidate establishment of the international law regarding activities in space, secondly, to ascertain the development of military activities in space and thirdly, implementation of Article IV of the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 regulation concerning military activities in space.
The type of research used in this study is a normative legal research which a research method refers to the legal norms contained in the agreement, treaty, convention and charter.
The results of this research were first, the disallowing of military activity in space. Second, the divergence of perception by the space power nations on the interpretation of Article IV of the Outer Space Treaty 1967. Third, the ambiguity of ‘peaceful uses’ purposes. Fourth, the elucidations of jurisprudence ‘use of force’ in space, and Fifth, the implementation of Article IV of the Outer Space Treaty 1967 regarding military activities in space.
Key Words : Military Activities, Outer Space, Article IV of The Outer Space Treaty 1967.
* Law Student in University of Sumatera Utara ** 1st Preceptor
*** 2nd Preceptor
ii ABSTRAK
KEGIATAN MILITER DI RUANG ANGKASA DITINJAU DARI
ARTICLE IV OF THE OUTER SPACE TREATY 1967
Oleh :
Virandani Amalia*
Dr. Hj. Chairul Bariah, SH.M.Hum.** Dr. Sutiarnoto, SH.M.Hum.***
Di era space race ini dengan progres dan ultramodern ilmu pengetahuan di bidang keruangangkasaan negara space powers semakin berkompetisi untuk menunjukkan supremasi dan prestise mereka dalam perlombaan di ruang angkasa dengan meluncurkan spacecraft atau benda – benda angkasa lainnya yang akibatnya tidak dapat direkognisi memenuhi unsur tujuan damai atau militerisasi untuk kepentingan militer suatu negara. The Outer Space Treaty 1967 merupakan instrumen hukum dasar yang otoritatif dan magna charta bagi eksplorasi dan eksploitasi serta segala aktivitas di ruang angkasa.
Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini terletak pada Article IV menyatakan aktivitas militer di ruang angkasa dilarang tetapi di paragraf selanjutnya masih memberikan kesempatan bahwa aktivitas militer dengan maksud tujuan damai berupa penelitian ilmiah diizinkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pembentukan hukum internasional mengenai kegiatan di ruang angkasa, mengetahui perkembangan mengenai kegiatan militer di ruang angkasa dan implementasi pengaturan Article IV of The Outer Space Treaty 1967 mengenai kegiatan militer di ruang angkasa.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian hukum normatif adalah metode penelitian yang mengacu pada norma – norma hukum yang terdapat dalam agreement, treaty, convention dan charter.
Hasil penelitian adalah adanya pelarangan aktivitas militer di ruang angkasa, terdapat divergensi persepsi oleh negara space powers atas penafsiran Article IV of The Outer Space Treaty 1967, terdapat keambiguan kata peaceful
uses purposes didalam treaty, penjelasan yurisprudensi use of force di ruang
angkasa, dan pelaksanaan atas Article IV of The Outer Space Treaty 1967 mengenai kegiatan militer di ruang angkasa.
Kata Kunci : Kegiatan Militer, Ruang Angkasa, Article IV of The Outer
Space Treaty 1967.
* Mahasiswi Fakultas Hukum USU ** Dosen Pembimbing I
*** Dosen Pembimbing II
