ABSTRAK
Redina Marlina Batubara, Peran Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pupuk Anorganik dalam Meningkatkan Efisiensi Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kenaf. Dibimbing oleh Deni Elfiati dan Erwin Nyak Akoeb.
Untuk mendapatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kenaf yang optimal salah satunya dilakukan dengan memenuhi kebutuhan hara tanaman. Kebutuhan hara tanaman kenaf tergantung kondisi iklim dan sifat tanah. Tanaman kenaf memiliki persyaratan tumbuh pada tanah lempung berpasir yang kaya bahan organik. Status tanah di daerah tropis seperti Indonesia miskin hara dan kandungan bahan organik tergolong rendah (<2%) sehingga diperlukan pemberian pupuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) dan pupuk anorganik dalam meningkatkan efisiensi serapan hara N, P, K dan pertumbuhan tanaman kenaf. Penelitian di lakukan di Desa Martebing Kecamatan Dolok Masihul Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis kompos TKKS (O) dengan empat taraf, yaitu 0, 10, 20, dan 30 ton ha-1 dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk anorganik (A) dengan empat taraf, yaitu 0, 200, 400, 600 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi kedua perlakuan berpengaruh nyata pada peubah pengamatan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap biomassa dan volume akar. Kompos TKKS dengan dosis 30 ton ha-1 dapat meningkatkan efisiensi serapan hara NPK. Efisiensi serapan hara N tertinggi (76,75%) pada dosis pupuk organik 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk anorganik 600 kg ha-1, efisiensi serapan hara P dan K tertinggi adalah 13,25% dan 11, 40% pada dosis pupuk organik 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk anorganik 0 kg ha-1.
Kata kunci: kenaf, kompos TKKS, pupuk NPK, kombinasi pupuk organik dan anorganik, efisiensi serapan hara NPK.
ABSTRACT
Redina Marlina Batubara, Role of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Compost and Inorganic Fertilizers in Improving Nutrient Uptake Efficiency of N, P, K and Growth of Kenaf. Supervised by Deni Elfiati and Erwin Nyak Akoeb.
Plants require nutrients for normal growth. These must be in a form useable by the plants and in concentrations that allow optimum plant growth. The nutrient requirement of kenaf is dependent on climatic conditions and soil properties. Kenaf grows best in sandy loam soil which are higher organic matter. Status soil in tropical regions like Indonesia poor in nutrients and organic matter content is low (<2%) thus need fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost and inorganic fertilizer to improved nutrient uptake efficiency of N, P, K and growth of kenaf. The experiment was conducted in the village of the District Martebing, Dolok Masihul, Serdang Bedagai-North Sumatra Province. The design used was a factorial design in randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was the dose of EFB compost (O) with four levels: 0, 10, 20, and 30 ton
ha-1 and the second factor was the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A) with four levels:
0, 200, 400, 600 kg ha-1. The results showed that the interaction of both
treatments were significant in the observation variable plant height and diameter of the stem but did not affect the biomass and the root volume. Application of EFB
compost at level 30 tons ha-1 and inorganic fertilizer 600 kg ha-1 increased plant
height and stem diameter as the highest, 218, 03 cm and 14.68 mm. The highest
nitrogen uptake efficiency was 76.75% at level 30 tons ha-1 of EFB compost and
600 kg ha-1 of inorganic fertilizer. The highest P and K uptake efficiency was
13,25% and 11, 40% at level 30 tons ha-1 of EFB compost and 600 kg ha-1 of
inorganic fertilizer.
Key words : kenaf, oil palm empty fruit bunch compost, inorganic fertilizers (NPK), combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers, nutrient uptake efficiency of NPK.
