Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head, Secretary,
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on February 14th 2013.
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners
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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, SANDRA CATTELYA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
SIGNED :
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : SANDRA CATTELYA
TITLE OF THESIS : THE IMPACT OF NARRATIVE TO LITERARY JOURNALISM AS SEEN THROUGH JOHN HERSEY’S HIROSHIMA
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
SIGNED :
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Since it seems that this is the only page where I can say anything I want
without going all formal and boring, I am not going to waste my chance. Sure I will
keep it decent and cuss-free.
Thank Lord! I was able to finish my thesis. The road to finally be in this state,
the state where I can actually relax and not losing my hair because stressing out, was
rather bumpy and painfully slow. It was all God’s guidance and blessing so I could
finish this thesis. Thank goodness! I am grateful that I learn to trust in Him.
I love my family. God knows I love them until death. I may not able to see
the glimmering proud in my Mama’s eyes, but I know she would. She had been the
greatest Mama for me. She made me the way I am now, and I could not be more
honored to dedicate this modest thesis to her. I also thank God for giving me my
Papa. His patience and understanding for my slacking-mode during the making of
this thesis are just plain awesome. You are the most awesome, Pa! You support and
trust me, and that has been my source of energy since I could remember. And finally,
I must send bear hugs and thousand kisses to my only sibling, Leon Adelbert
Kendrick. I am still amused with our rare communication. But, each time we texted,
usually at midnight or even dawn, it never came as a dull conversation. And you
never forget to remind me to graduate quickly and look for a job so I can pay for
your living cost. What a brother.
The next gratitude I want to throw is for Johan Christian Tobing. Somehow,
he manages to be my best friend for these… three years? I know I had been silly and
unstable for most of the time and yet you still stick around and care to help me out.
generosity you had given me because that will waste too many papers. But notice
this, I am highly grateful to have you as my best friend. Whatever will happen
between us, I hope we can still acknowledge each other, at the very least, as a friend.
And I also want to throw a bunch of hugs and kisses to my girlfriends! I will
state your names alphabetically so we can prevent any silly jealousy, because we
know we are that silly, girls! Can I add smiley emoticon? Probably I should not. So,
you know your names, Arianna Silaban, Ayu Sugianto, Dewi Meliala, Faiza Balqis,
Juliatma Pamela Silitonga, Marshinta Veronika Napitupulu, Rina Sari Nainggolan,
Siti Utami Firdausy, Yosi Maulana Sitorus, and Yuliza Sembiring. We had great
moments and done crazy things like normal crazy people we actually are. And for all
my classmates in batch 2008, you all had colored my college life. Whether I actually
befriended you or not, whether we talked a lot or never talk at all, whether you are
secularist or pluralist, whether you are hedonist or ascetic, whether you are apathetic
or concerned, whether you are backstabber or sincere, whether you even know my
name or not, I sincerely thank you all for the experiences we had together.
I learned English literature in campus but I practiced journalistic in daily
basis. For these three and a half years, I am devoted to Pers Mahasiswa SUARA
USU. This place made me realize the importance of journalistic so I made this thesis
according to my passion for that. Applied to SUARA USU in that cloudy afternoon
in August 2009 has been one of the best choices I have ever made in my life! No
kidding. It may seem I exaggerate it, but I understand if people outside SUARA
USU cannot comprehend this easily. This is the place where I actually grew up,
where I learned to be tough, confident, sincere, brave, responsible, rational, fair, and
I learned to be stubborn too. Because we know we do not back down easily, we
whole amazing guys in SUARA USU. You are my brothers and sisters from another
mothers and fathers. I cannot put names in here because I seriously thank all of you,
each person who ever be involved in working at SUARA USU. Keep going, guys.
And for the lecturers and staffs and officials, I am not going to thank you for
you doing your job helping me to graduate, that is your job after all. I sincerely thank
Mr. Mahmud Arief Albar for his time and patience for me during the making of this
thesis. You actually listened and gave me great advices. I know it was not your
proportion, but I am glad you helped me anyway. For Mr. Siamir Marulafau, thank
you for always been there and encouraged me to finish this thesis as quick as
possible, you have incredible spirit and I appreciate it so much. I would also like to
thank Mr. Yulianus Harefa because, somehow, you still acknowledge me whenever
we met and always gave warm smile and positive energy. I was glad having you as
my academic supervisor. Last, I would like to acknowledge the late Mr. Perdamen
Perangin-angin. He had been a great lecturer, had been kind and friendly all the time
I knew him. He was one idealist lecturer that I knew and I honored him more than he
ever knew. God bless his soul. And thank you very much for Bang Am! You surely
are a way cooler administration dude than the one worked before you.
As typical as it is, there are still many people I want to thank to for helping
me in the process of the making of this thesis, but sadly I cannot mention all of them.
So I just thank God for giving me all of them and I will beg Him to bless you all.
Medan, February 2013
The Writer,
Sandra Cattelya
ABSTRACT
Sastra lekat dengan imajinasi sedangkan jurnalisme menyucikan fakta. Dua bidang ilmu yang bertolak belakang ini ternyata bukan tidak mungkin bisa berjalan beriringan. Pada 1973, seorang jurnalis sekaligus novelis dari Amerika, Tom Wolfe, menerbitkan buku The New Journalism, sebuah aliran jurnalisme baru yang termasuk di dalamnya adalah jurnalisme sastrawi. Jurnalisme sastrawi mengadopsi penulisan sastra, yaitu narasi, dalam penyampaian laporannya. Hasilnya tetap menjunjung tinggi fakta, tapi estetika penyampaian ceritanya juga menjadi senjata utama. Ada karakter, dialog, emosi, detail yang tidak ditemukan pada laporan jurnalisme konvensional. Terdapat empat pengaruh dari penggunaan narasi pada jurnalisme sastrawi seperti dilihat dari Hiroshima karya John Hersey. Pertama, narasi membuat laporan jurnalistik menjadi seperti novel. Kedua, narasi membuat laporan jurnalistik menjadi lebih panjang daripada laporan jurnalistik biasanya. Ketiga, narasi dapat mengelaborasi kepribadian karakternya. Keempat, narasi menajamkan emosi.
Penelitian ini memakai teori narasi dari Gorys Keraf dan memakai metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk membuktikan bahwa Hiroshima karya John Hersey ini adalah juga sebuah karya narasi, selain karya jurnalistik, pertama dipaparkan dahulu unsur-unsur narasi yang ada di dalamnya. Kemudian, dipaparkan pengaruh gaya penulisan narasi terhadap jurnalisme sastrawi sesuai analisis dari penulis. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan menjadi bahan bacaan informatif dan inspiratif, baik bagi pembaca dari kalangan sastrawan, jurnalis, maupun mahasiswa.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 Background of The Study
1.2 Problems of The Study
1.3 Objectives of The Study
1.4 Scope of The Study
1.5 Significances of The Study
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 Narrative
2.3 Review of Related Literature
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Data Collection
3.3 Data Analysis
CHAPTER IV THE IMPACT OF NARRATIVE TO LITERARY
JOURNALISM AS SEEN THROUGH JOHN HERSEY’S HIROSHIMA
4.1 Narrative in John Hersey’s Hiroshima
4.1.1 Plot
4.1.3.3 Father Wilhelm Kleinsorge (Father Makoto Takakura)
4.1.3.4 Miss Toshiko Sasaki (Sister Dominique Sasaki)
4.1.3.5 Mrs. Hatsuyo Nakamura
4.1.3.6 The Reverend Mr. Kiyoshi Tanimoto
4.1.4 Setting
4.1.5 Point of View
4.2 The Impact of Narrative to Literary Journalism as Seen
through John Hersey’s Hiroshima
4.2.1 Narrative Makes the Story is Like a Novel
4.2.1.1 Characters
4.2.1.3 Structure
4.2.2 Narrative Makes The Story Longer
4.2.3 Narrative Elaborates The Character’s Personality
4.2.3.1 Dr. Masakazu Fujii
4.2.3.2 Dr. Terufumi Sasaki
4.2.3.3 Father Wilhelm Kleinsorge (Father Makoto Takakura)
4.2.3.4 Miss Toshiko Sasaki (Sister Dominique Sasaki)
4.2.3.5 Mrs. Hatsuyo Nakamura
4.2.3.6 The Reverend Mr. Kiyoshi Tanimoto
4.2.4 Narative Sharpens Emotion
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Suggestion
REFERENCES APPENDICES
i. John Hersey’s Biography and His Works
