✕ ☞✖✂✁✗✄ ✕ ☞✘✂✏✙✑✚✆✛✞✡✜✣✢ ✕✥✤ ✏✦☞✡✧
★✪✩✬✫✮✭✪✯✱✰✲✴✳✶✵✸✷✺✹✼✻✺✽✾✳❀✿✙❁✣❂❄❃❆❅❈❇❆❉✙❊●❋❍■❇❆❏✎❇❑❍■❇❆▲❆▼■◆P❖◗❁P❉❘✿✙❍❑❋❙▼❚❏❑❍❑▼❯❇❱❏❲▲✘❇❆❊❚❃❑✿
✰❙✯✼❳❨★❬❩❩✭✪✷✱★✪✩❭✭❪✻❫✰★❴✯❛❵❆✰✻✺✽❜❁P❝❬▲❞◆❘❂❄❃❆❂❡❇❆❝❴❢❴❇❱◆❯▼❬✿❴❇✘✭✪✯✾✵✟✿❴❇❱◆❜✿
❣❛❤❞✐❦❥❧❣❜✐♥♠♣♦rqts✖✉ ✐❦✈❯q①✇③②✂④✖②✂⑤✚✈
⑥⑧⑦ ♠☛❣✣④⑨♠♣✐❦②✂❥☎q ⑩❑❶❱❶❆❷
❣❛♦r❥ ⑦ ✐❞♠❸❣❛♦✘❹✖④ ⑦ ✐❦❥❻❺❘❼✚♠✚⑤✚q✚♦✘❣❽⑩❑❾✣❿➀⑩❆⑩✗⑤✚❥☎q ⑩❑➁
➂➄➃➆➅➈➇❜➉✼➊P➇❜➋P➊➌➃r➍❚➎❚➏⑧➇✼➉❜➊➑➐✱➒❴➓
⑩➔❾→✇③⑤♣♠♣❹◗➣ ⑩➈❶❆❶❆❷
④ ⑦ ✇✥♦◗❺➌↔❆❾↕✇ ⑦ ❥☎②✂④➙♦✘❣
❥☎②✂✇③s◗♦❈♠①✐ ⑥➜➛ ②✂♦➙❣✣④ ⑦ ✐❦❥❧❣➌❺➌➁➝❾
➞➠➟➙➡●➢❽➤➦➥➧➡
➨❡➩➭➫
➯➔➩✛➲
➳❑➩➭➫
➵➈➩➭➸
➺➔➩✛➲
➻❑➩✛➲
➼
➩➭➸
➽❑➩
➇
➾❑➩✛➲
➨➆➚❑➩➭➸
➨❡➨❡➩➭➸
➨❚➯➔➩
➊
➨➆➳❑➩✛➲
➨✙➵➈➩
➊
➨❚➺➔➩
➊
➨➆➻❑➩➭➫
➨ ➼ ➩
➊
➨➆➽❑➩➭➸
➨➆➾❑➩
➊
➨❡➩☞☛✡✌✎✍✏✌✎✍✏✌✎✑
☛✓✒✔✍✕✒✔✍✖✒✗✑✙✘ ✍✚✌✛✍✚✌✛✑
✜✕✢
✘✤✣✦✥★✧
➯➔➩ ✩
✪✬✫✮✭
✘
➐ ➍❴➒✰✯✆✱ ➐ ➒❬➒✲✯
✘
➍❬➒✲✯
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵❬➎
✩
✫✽✪✾✭
✘
➐❬➐✚✿✼✯✆✱◗➍❬➒✰✯
✘❁❀ ✿✰✯
✧
A
B
C
100
o
115
o
➳❑➩
➃✎❂✲❃★❄✼✶✖❅❇❆✛❈❊❉❋✺✼●✖✳■❍✓❅❑❏✎✵✷❍✾✺✼✸✽●✖✳★✵▲✵✡❂✲❃★❄✏●✕❅▼✺✰❆■◆ ❖✾P✂➐
✘◗❀
➎❙❘❚✵▲✺✼❉✎●❯❄✦❅❇❆❱❖❲P ➐
✘
➏
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷❆❳❖❨P
✣❩✘
➐ ➒❊❄✦❆★❏
➂✻❖✾P
✣
➓
✜
✘
➐✱➒❬➒
✧
➵➈➩
➐ ➍✮✱ ➐ ➒
✘
➍
✧
➺➔➩❭❬
✵✬❪❫✵✷✶✓●❯❄✦❅❇❆✛❴▼❵▲✺✼❉✛●✕❄✦❅❇❆❲●✖✳★✵✠❴❇❄✼✶✖❈✰✵✷❍✓●❛❆❜❃✛❝✬❉❞✵✹✶❡✺✦✸❙❢❨✺✼❆❋❏✛❄✚❵✎❍❣❅❤✸✐●✕✳✛✵✠❥❋✶✕❍✓●❡❏✛❄✚❵✞❅❇❍❡❄❦❢❨✺✼❆❋❏✛❄✚❵❬➎❞❄✦❆★❏❨❄✼❴❇❍✖✺✙●✖✳✛✵✙❧✡●✖✳❑➎
●✖✳✛✵⑧➐
✥
●✖✳➔➎❜✵✹●✕❪✦➎✛❏★❄✚❵❦❄✏✸♠●✖✵✷✶❚●✖✳★❄✦●
✧
➃❜✺✾❘✆✵✮❆✛✵✷✵✷❏✄●✕✺✙✳★❄✚♥✼✵✮❢❨✺✼❆★❏★❄✚❵♦✸♣❄✼❴▼❴q✺✰❆❦●✕✳✛✵⑧➐✷❍✓● ➎➆➍✏●✕✳✘➐✚✿✚●✖✳❑➎
✧❇✧▼✧
➎
✥✰❀ ✶✕❏❦❏★❄✚❵
✧
➇
●✖✺✦●❯❄✦❴q✺✼✸❙❧♦❏✛❄✚❵✎❍
✧
➻❑➩
➅✴✳✛✵▲❉★❄✦❴❇❴❚●✖✶❯❄✚♥✼✵✹❴❑❍ ➐
✥✼✥
➒❴➒❬➒r❝✾✵✹●✖✶✕✵✷❍♦❅▼❆■s❬➒✦t✎s❴➒✉❍✖✵✷❪❫✺✰❆★❏✛❍
✧
➅✴✳★✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✼✶✕✵✄●✕✳✛✵❨❍✓✈❞✵✹✵✡❏❩❅▼❆❳❝✙✵❫●✖✶✕✵✷❍✾✈❞✵✹✶✙❍✓✵✡❪❫✺✰❆★❏✇❅❑❍
☛②①✕①❛③✕③✖③
④
③✦✌
④
③⑤✘✤✥
➒
✧
➅✴✳✛✵⑥❉★❄✦❴❇❴⑦●✕❄✼⑧✼✵✡❍
✜
③
①✖③✾✘
☛
✜
❍✖✵✷❪❫✺✰❆★❏✛❍❚●✕✺✾✶✕✵✷❄✰❪❯✳⑨●✕✳✛✵⑥❉★❄✦●
✧
➼
➩ ✩
⑩⑥❶✬❷
✘
❖
✯
✧⑤❸ ❆❺❹
⑩⑥❶✠❻❽❼
✣
❖
✯
P
✣
s
✯
✘
➏❴➒
✯
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵
✣
❖
✘
s
✥
➎✎✺✰✶✴❖
✘❾❀✲✣
✯
✧
T
S
R
P
26
o
x
o
x
o
➽❑➩
➇❡❏✛❏✞●✖✳✛✵❿●✕✳✛✶✖✵✷✵⑥❈✼❅❇♥✼✵✷❆✞✵✡❂✰❃❋❄✏●✖❅❇✺✼❆❋❍✹➀P➂➂➁❿P❳➃❪➓✔P✗➂➂➃✐P❱➄✾➓✗P☛➂♣➄➅P❱➁✙➓
✘✤❀
P
✥
P❳✿
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵
✣
➂♣➁❿P❱➃✐P❳➄✾➓
✘
➐
✣
❄✦❆★❏❲➁✮P❳➃✐P✇➄
✘
s
✧
➾❑➩➇➆
✵✹●❙●✖✳✛✵❡❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳★❍❙✺✼✸⑦●✖✳✛✵✽❍✖❅❑❏✎✵✷❍ ➎✰❅❇❆❦❪❫✵✷❆✲●✖❅❇❝✾✵✹●✖✶✕✵✷❍ ➎✰❉❞✵
✣
❖
❼
❀
❖⑨❄✦❆❋❏❦✿✏❖
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷❆➙➂
✣
❖❡➓✾➂
❀
❖❄➓❪➂➈✿✏❖❡➓
✘
s
✥
➍❬➒
✧✗❸
●➅✸✻✺✰❴▼❴❇✺✏❘❛❍
●✖✳★❄✦●
❀
➒✼❖❋➉
✘
s
✥
➍❬➒❲❄✦❆★❏➊❖❞➉
✘
s
✥
➍❴➒✲➋
❀
➒
✘➌✣ ➐✷s
✘
s✼➉
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✰✶✖✵✄❖
✘
s✰❪❫❝➧➎❽❄✼❆★❏❊●✖✳★✵⑨❴❇✵✹❆✛❈✼●✖✳❩✺✦✸✴●✕✳✛✵
❍✓✳✛✺✰✶✓●✕✵✷❍✓●❛❍✓❅❑❏✎✵❿❅❇❍
✣
❖
✘
➐
➨➆➚❑➩ ➉✽✺✦●✖✵✙●✕✳★❄✏●❿●✕✳✛✵✹✶✕✵✙❅❇❍❿✺✰❆✛❴▼❵r✶✖✺✰❃✎●✖✵♦●✖✺❲❈✼✵✹●❿●✖✺❲✵✷❄✰❪❯✳ ✺✼✸❛➇❘➎ ➸ ➎ ➲ ➎ ➊ ❄✦❆❋❏ ✁ ✧ ➅✴✳★✵✹✶✕✵✬❄✦✶✕✵ ✣ ✶✖✺✰❃✎●✖✵✡❍✴●✖✺ ➫ ➎ ❀ ✶✕✺✼❃✎●✕✵✷❍✴●✕✺ ❸ ❄✦❆★❏✄✂❛➎❞s ✶✖✺✰❃✎●✖✵✡❍❚●✖✺✆☎■➎ ✥ ✶✕✺✼❃✛●✖✵✷❍❚●✕✺✞✝ ❄✼❆★❏❦❥❋❆★❄✦❴❇❴▼❵❴➎➔➐ ➒✾✶✕✺✼❃✎●✕✵✷❍✆●✖✺ ➲✣➲ ✧
S
CC
East
→
←
South
➨❡➨❡➩ ➅✴✳★✵⑨❄✦✶✕✵✷❄▲✺✦✸❡❹ ✫ ❷✠✟ ❅❇❍ ☛ ✜ ➂ ✫ ❷ ➓☛✡ ➂♠●✕✳✛✵⑥✳✛✵✹❅❇❈✼✳✲●❛✺✼✸✐❹ ✫ ❷☞✟ ➓ ✧ ➸ ❃✛● ✫ ❷ ❅❑❍✄✺✼❆✛✵▲●✕✳✛❅▼✶❯❏ ✺✦✸ ✫✽✪ ➎❣❄✦❆★❏❳●✖✳★✵✉✳✛✵✹❅❇❈✼✳✲●❦✺✼✸✠❹ ✫ ❷✠✟ ❅❇❍❿✺✰❆✛✵✬●✕✳✛❅❇✶✕❏r●✖✳✛✵✙✳✛✵✷❅▼❈✰✳✲●✮✺✼✸❣❹ ✫✽✪✾✭ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵✠●✕✳✛✵✄❄✦✶✕✵✷❄❦✺✼✸ ❹ ✫ ❷✠✟ ❅❇❍➌➂ ☛ ➉ ➓ ✜ ✘ ☛ ✍ ✺✦✸✔●✕✳✛✵❡●✖✺✦●❯❄✦❴q❄✦✶✕✵✷❄✠✺✦✸❽❹ ✫❡✪♦✭ ✧ ➃❜❅❇❝✾❅❇❴❑❄✦✶✕❴▼❵ ●✖✳✛✵❊❄✦✶✕✵✷❄✼❍❦✺✦✸♦❹ ✪✍✌✏✎ ❄✦❆★❏❁❹ ✭☛✑✓✒ ❄✼✶✖✵ ☛ ✍ ✺✦✸⑥●✕✳✛✵r❄✦✶✕✵✷❄➊✺✼✸ ❹ ✫✽✪♦✭ ✧ ➸ ❵❊✶✖✵✷❝✙✺✏♥✲❅❇❆✛❈❲●✕✳✛✵❦●✕✳✛✶✖✵✷✵✄●✖✶✕❅❑❄✦❆✛❈✰❴▼✵✡❍✠❘❚✵❦✺✼❉✎●❯❄✦❅❇❆➊●✖✳✛✵ ❄✦✶✕✵✷❄➊✺✦✸❿●✕✳✛✵✉✳✛✵✹t✎❄✼❈✼✺✰❆ ❷☞✟ ✒✔✑✕✎✖✌ ●✖✺✇❉❞✵❦➂❫➐✾✱ ➉ ✍ ➓ ✘ ✜ ➉ ✺✼✸ ❹ ✫✽✪♦✭ ✧C
A
Z
B
Y
X
W
U
V
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➨❚➯➔➩ ➐ ✘ ➂ ☛ ✗ P ☛ ✘ ➓✗P ☛ ✙ ✘ ✗ ✒ ✘ ✗✚✘ P ☛ ✙ ✘ ✗ ✒ ✘ ✛ P ☛ ✙ ✧ ✁ ✵✹❆❋❪❫✵❬➎ ✗ ✒ ✘ ✛ ✘ ➐❣✱ ☛ ✙ ✘ ☛✢✜ ✙ ✙ ➎✛❄✼❆★❏✍✣♦P✥✤ ✘✧✦ ➂ ✙ ✜✔☛ ✙ ➓ ✧ ➨➆➳❑➩ ✣✩★✬✘ ✥ ➐❙✱ ❀✩✪ ❘❣✳✛✵✷✶✖✵ ✣✫★ ✳★❄✼❍➅●✖✺✾❉❞✵❡✈❞✺✰❍✖❅❤●✕❅▼♥✰✵ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵ ✥ ➐❙✱ ❀✬✪ ✳★❄✼❍➅●✖✺✾❉❞✵❡✈❞✺✰❍✖❅❤●✕❅▼♥✰✵ ✧ ➅✴✳✛❅❑❍❚✺✼❆✛❴❇❵✙✳★❄✦✈✛✈❞✵✹❆❋❍ ✸✻✺✼✶✮✭ ✘ ➐ ❼ ✣ ❄✼❆★❏ ❀✛✧ ❸ ✸✯✭ ✘ ➐❴➎ ✣ ★ ✘❾✥ ➐✴✱ ❀✬✘✤❀ ➍✾❘❣✳✛❅❑❪❯✳▲❅❑❍✴❆✛✺✼●✽❄♦✈❞✺✏❘❚✵✹✶✴✺✦✸ ✣✎✧ ❸ ✸✯✭ ✘❁✣ ➎ ✣ ★ ✘❾✥ ➐✴✱✖➏ ✘✤❀✰✣✠✘✤✣✩✰ ➎✛❅ ✧ ✵ ✧ ❖ ✘ ✿ ✧ ❸ ✸✯✭ ✘✤❀ ➎ ✣ ★ ✘❾✥ ➐✴✱ ✣ ❧ ✘ ➐ ✥ ❘❣✳✛❅❑❪❯✳▲❅❇❍❛❄✼❴❇❍✖✺✾❆✛✺✦●✽❄✾✈❞✺✏❘✆✵✷✶❚✺✼✸ ● ❘❚✺ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✰✶✖✵☛✭ ✘❺✣ ➎✎❖ ✘ ✿➆➎✛❄✼❆★❏▲❖✾P✱✭ ✘ ❧ ✧ ➨✙➵➈➩ ✪✖✲ ✜ ✘ ➂✻❖ ✱☎➐✮➓ ✜ ✱ ✫✏✲ ✜ ❄✦❆❋❏ ✪✖✲ ✜ ✘ ➂✻❖❨P❻➐✱➓ ✜ ✱ ✲⑨✭ ✜ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✰✶✖✵ ✲⑨✭ ✜ ✱ ✫✏✲ ✜ ✘ ➂♣❖⑨P☎➐✱➓ ✜ ✱✂➂♣❖▲✱✚➐✮➓ ✜ ✘ ✥ ❖ ✧ ➸ ❃✎● ✲⑨✭ ✜ ✱ ✫✳✲ ✜ ✘ ➂ ✲⑨✭ ✱ ✫✏✲ ➓❪➂ ✲✞✭ P ✫✏✲ ➓ ✘ ➂ ✲✞✭ ✱ ✫✏✲ ➓❖❑➎ ❍✓❅❇❆★❪❫✵ ✫❡✭ ✘ ❖ ✘ ✫✳✲ P ✲✞✭ ✧ ➃❜✺❡❘✆✵❙✳❋❄✚♥✼✵❬➎➆➂ ✲⑨✭ ✱ ✫✳✲ ➓②❖ ✘ ✥ ❖ ❄✦❆★❏ ✲⑨✭ ✱ ✫✳✲ ✘ ✥❋✧A
D
C
B
x−1
x+1
x
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>
➨❚➺➔➩ ➆
✵❫●❿●✕✳✛✵✾❏✛❅▼❝✙✵✹❆❋❍✓❅❇✺✼❆★❍✮✺✼✸❙●✖✳✛✵✾✶✕✵✷❪ ●❯❄✦❆✛❈✰❴▼✵♦❉❋✵✵✴❭❄✦❆❋❏✷✶➝➎q❘❣✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✖✴ ❄✦❆★❏✄✶❳❄✦✶✕✵♦❉❞✺✦●✕✳r✈❞✺✰❍✖❅❤●✕❅▼♥✰✵♦❅❇❆✲●✖✵✹❈✰✵✹✶❯❍
✧ ❬ ✵ ❄✦✶✕✵✽❈✼❅❇♥✼✵✷❆❦●✕✳★❄✏●✸✴✹✶ ✘ ✥ ➂✺✴ P✻✶❑➓ ✧ ➅✴✳✛❅❑❍❣❪✹❄✼❆❦❉❞✵✮✶✕✵✷❄✼✶✖✶❯❄✦❆★❈✼✵✷❏✾❅❇❆✲●✖✺✍✴✹✶✄✱ ✥ ✴ ✘❾✥ ✶➝➎❜✳✛✵✹❆★❪✹✵✳✴◗➂✺✶✄✱ ✥ ➓ ✘❾✥ ✶ ✧ ➅✴✳✛❅❇❍❡●✕✵✹❴❇❴❇❍❿❃★❍❡●✕✳★❄✏●✠✶✇❅❑❍✮❴❇❄✼✶✖❈✰✵✹✶❡●✖✳★❄✼❆ ✥ ➂✻✺✦●✕✳✛✵✹✶✕❘❣❅❑❍✓✵♦●✖✳✛✵✙❴❇✵❫✸♠●⑥✳★❄✼❆★❏r❍✖❅❇❏✛✵♦❅❑❍❿❆✛✵✹❈✲❄✏●✕❅▼♥✰✵♦❄✦❆❋❏❨●✖✳★✵✾✶✕❅❇❈✼✳✲●✮✳❋❄✦❆★❏ ❍✓❅❑❏✎✵⑥❅❑❍✴✈❋✺✲❍✓❅▼●✖❅❇♥✼✵✮➓ ✧ ➃❜✺✰❴▼♥❜❅❇❆✛❈✾✸✻✺✼✶✮✴✖➎ ✴ ✘ ✥ ✶ ✶❲✱ ✥ ✘✤✥ P ➐✡s ✶▲✱ ✥ ❼ ❘❣✳✛✵✹❆✇❏✎❅❇♥❜❅❇❏✛✵✷❏❩✺✰❃✎● ✧
➉❛✵✹t❜●✬❘✆✵⑨❃★❍✓✵❦●✖✳✛✵✄✸♣❄✰❪ ●✠●✕✳★❄✏●♦❉❋✺✼●✖✳✥✴ ❄✦❆★❏✼✶❾❄✦✶✕✵✄❅❇❆✰●✕✵✹❈✰✵✹✶❯❍
✧✞❸ ●✬✸✻✺✼❴❇❴❇✺✏❘❛❍❿●✖✳★❄✦●✽✶❊✱ ✥ ❝✬❃★❍✓●✽❉❞✵✬❄✦❆❨❅❇❆✲●✖✵✹❈✰✵✹✶❣●✕✳★❄✏●✮❏✎❅▼♥❜❅❑❏✎✵✷❍✽✵❫t✛❄✼❪❫●✖❴❇❵⑨❅❇❆✲●✖✺✎➐✡s ✧ ➃❜✺✆✶❲✱ ✥ ❪✹❄✦❆❲✺✰❆✛❴▼❵▲❉❞✵ ➐❬➎ ✣ ➎ ✥ ➎➪➍✙✺✰✶❘➐✷s■➎★❘❣✳✛❅❑❪❯✳❲❈✼❅❇♥✼✵ ✶ ✘
✿ ❼ s ❼ ➍ ❼ ➐
✣ ✺✰✶ ✣ ➒✄❄✼❆★❏✾✴ ✘ ✣ ➒ ❼ ➐ ✣
❼ ➍ ❼ s✠✺✰✶✮✿
➨➆➻❑➩✁ ❂ ❀✄✂ ✿✆☎ ➨ ✩ ✫✏✲⑨✭ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✰✶✖✵✮❅❤●❛❅❑❍✣➏❬➒ ✯ ✧ ☎✼✺✰❅▼❆ ❶ ✪ ❄✦❆★❏ ⑩ ✪ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✹❆ ✩ ✫ ❶ ✪ ❄✦❆❋❏ ✩ ✪ ⑩ ✭ ❄✼✶✖✵❣❄✦❴❑❍✖✺❡✶✕❅▼❈✰✳✲●✐❄✼❆✛❈✼❴❇✵✷❍ ✧ ➅✴✳★✵✹✶✕✵✞✝ ✸✻✺✼✶✕✵ ❶ ✲ ⑩ ✪ ❅❑❍❿❄⑨✶✕✵✷❪❫●✕❄✦❆★❈✼❴❇✵♦❄✦❆❋❏✉●✕✳✛✵✾❏✛❅❇❄✼❈✼✺✼❆❋❄✦❴ ❶✠⑩ ✵✷❂✲❃★❄✼❴❇❍❛●✖✳✛✵✙❏✎❅❑❄✦❈✼✺✰❆★❄✦❴ ✪✽✲ ✧ ➃❜✺ ❶✠⑩ ❅❑❍✮❄✦❴❑❍✓✺ ➐ ➒ ✧ ❂ ❀✟✂✯✿✆☎ ➯ ➀♥➉❛✺✼●✖❅❑❪❫✵✉●✕✳★❄✏●▲❵✼✺✰❃✤❄✦✶✕✵r❄✼❍✖⑧✼✵✡❏■●✖✺ ❪❯✳✛✺❜✺✰❍✖✵❾❉❋✵✹● ❘✆✵✷✵✹❆ ✥ ❆❜❃✛❝♦❉❋✵✷✶✕❍❳❄✦❆★❏✡✠❨➉❛✺✰❆✛✵✤✺✦✸ ●✖✳✛✵✡❍✓✵✄☛ ✧ ➃❜✺❩●✕✳✛✵✉❅❇❝✾✈★❴▼❅❑❪✹❄✦●✖❅❇✺✼❆✤❅❑❍✄●✕✳★❄✏●❦●✕✳✛✵ ❄✼❆☞✝ ❍✓❘❚✵✹✶❛❅❑❍✽❄❦❆✲❃★❝✬❉❞✵✹✶ ✧ ➉✽✵❫t❜●❡❆★✺✦●✖❅❑❪❫✵✠●✖✳★❄✦●✽❘✆✵✬✳★❄✚♥✼✵
A
B
C
D
P
Q
❆✛✺✦●❛❉❞✵✹✵✷❆▲❈✰❅▼♥✰✵✹❆⑨●✖✳✛✵⑥✶❯❄✼❏✎❅❇❅q✺✦✸✁●✖✳★✵ ❀ ❍✖✵✹❝✙❅❑❪❫❅❇✶✕❪✹❴▼✵✡❍ ✧ ➅✴✳✛❅❑❍✴❅❇❝✾✈★❴▼❅❇✵✷❍✴●✕✳★❄✏●❣●✕✳✛✵⑥❴❇✵✹❆✛❈✼●✖✳▲✺✦✸ ❶✠⑩ ❏✎✺❜✵✡❍✴❆✛✺✦●✽❏✎✵✷✈❋✵✷❆★❏ ✺✼❆✞●✖✳✛✵✡❍✓✵⑥✶❯❄✼❏✎❅❇❅ ✧ ➆ ✵❫●❛❃★❍❣●✖✳✛✵✷✶✖✵✹✸✻✺✼✶✕✵✮❪❯✳✛✺❜✺✲❍✓✵✮●✖✳★✵✠❏✎❅❇❄✼❝✙✵❫●✖✵✷✶✕❍ ✫❡✪ ❄✦❆★❏ ✪♦✭ ●✖✺✄❉❞✵⑥✵✷❂✲❃★❄✼❴ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✷❆ ❶✠⑩ ✘ ➐ ➒ ✧ ➨ ➼ ➩ ➅✴✳✛✵▲❄✦✶✕✵✷❄❨✺✼✸✮❹ ✫✽✪♦✭ ❅❑❍ ☛ ✜ ➂♣❉★❄✼❍✖✵ ✭❿✪ ➓ ✡♣➂✻♥✰✵✹✶✖●✖❅❑❪✹❄✦❴q✳★✵✹❅❇❈✼✳✲●✶➓ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✞❉★❄✼❍✖✵⑨❴❇✵✹❆✛❈✼●✖✳✇❅❑❍ ❥✛t✎✵✷❏r➂♣❄✦●✐●✖✳✛✵✽♥✚❄✼❴▼❃★✵ ✣ ➓❽❉✛❃✛●❙●✖✳✛✵✽♥✼✵✹✶✖●✖❅❑❪✹❄✼❴✎✳✛✵✹❅❇❈✼✳✲●❙❘❣❅❇❴▼❴❋❉❋✵✽❴❇❄✼✶✖❈✰✵✷❍✓●❽❘❣✳★✵✹❆ ✩ ✫✽✪✾✭ ✘ ➏❬➒ ✯ ➎ ●✖✳✛✵✷❆ ✫✮✭ ✜ ✘ ✫✽✪ ✜ P ✪✾✭ ✜ ✘ ✥ P ✥♦✘ ➍ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❫✸✻✺✰✶✖✵ ✫❡✭ ✘✤✣ ◆ ✣✎✧2
2
x
➨➆➽❑➩ ➋❣✵✹❝✙✵✹❝♦❉❋✵✷✶✴●✖✳★❄✦●❛❅▼❆❨❄♦●✖✶✕❅❑❄✦❆✛❈✰❴▼✵❡●✖✳✛✵✠❍✖❃✛❝ ✺✦✸✗●✕✳✛✵⑥❴❇✵✹❆✛❈✼●✖✳★❍✴✺✼✸ ✣ ❍✖❅❇❏✎✵✡❍✴✺✦✸ ●✖✳✛✵❿●✕✶✖❅❑❄✦❆✛❈✰❴▼✵ ❝✬❃★❍✓●❚✵✹t✛❪❫✵✹✵✡❏✄●✕✳✛✵❿❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳⑨✺✦✸✗●✖✳✛✵❡●✖✳✛❅❇✶❯❏✞❍✖❅❇❏✛✵ ✧ ❬ ✵❿❪✹❄✼❴▼❴❞●✕✳★❄✏●❚●✖✳✛✵✍✌✏✎✒✑✔✓✖✕✘✗✚✙✜✛✢✑✣✕✤✛✦✥★✧✩✓✖✙✪✑✣✌✏✫ ✧ ❸ ✸ ✫✽✪ ✳★❄✰❍✙❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳ ✥ ➐⑨●✕✳✛✵✹❆■✺✼❆✛✵❨❍✖❅❇❏✛✵✞✺✼✸⑥❹ ✫✽✪✾✭ ❄✦❆❋❏❱✺✰❆✛✵▲❍✖❅❑❏✎✵❲✺✦✸⑥❹ ✫❡✪✽✲ ✳★❄✼❍ ❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳ ✥ ➐ ✧ ➃❜✺✄❅❇❆❲✵✷❄✰❪❯✳✞✺✼✸ ●✕✳✛✵✷❍✖✵ ✣ ●✖✶✕❅❇❄✼❆✛❈✼❴❇✵✷❍❚●✕✳✛✵✠❍✓❃★❝➌✺✦✸✁●✖✳★✵✠❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳★❍✴✺✦✸✁●✖✳★✵✠✺✦●✕✳✛✵✹✶ ✣ ❍✖❅❇❏✎✵✡❍✬❝♦❃★❍✓●✾✵✹t✎❪✹✵✹✵✡❏ ✥ ➐ ✧ ➅✴✳✛✵✷✶✖✵▲❄✦✶✕✵ ✣ ✈❞✺✰❍✕❍✓❅❇❉✛❴❇✵✞❍✖✵❫●❯❍✬✺✼✸ ✣ ✈★❄✼❅▼✶❯❍✠✺✼✸❛❴▼✵✷❆✛❈✦●✕✳★❍♦✸✻✺✼✶ ●✖✳✛✵✠✺✼●✖✳✛✵✷✶ ✣ ❍✖❅❇❏✛✵✷❍❛✺✼✸✆❹ ✫✽✪♦✭ ❄✦❆❋❏r❹ ✫✽✪✽✲ ➀P➐ ➍■➎ ✣ ❧✾❄✼❆★❏◗➐ ❀ ➎ ❀ s■➎✛✺✼✶❯➐ ➍❚➎ ✣ ❧✾❄✼❆★❏✉❧✙➎ ❀ s ✧ ➫❄✼❪❯✳r✺✦✸❙●✕✳✛✵✷❍✖✵✙✈★❄✦❅❇✶✕❍✮❪❫✺✰❆✲●✕❄✦❅❇❆★❍ ➐ ➍▲❄✦❆★❏
✣ ❧ ✧ ➃❜✺▲❴▼✵✹●✠❹ ✫❡✪♦✭ ✳★❄✚♥✰✵♦❴❇✵✹❆★❈✦●✖✳❋❍ ✥ ➐❬➎ ➐ ➍➀➂ ✘ ✫❡✭ ➓➅❄✦❆★❏ ✣ ❧✸➂ ✘ ✪♦✭ ➓ ✧✁❸ ✸✁❹ ✫❡✪✽✲ ✳★❄✰❍❙❴❇✵✹❆✛❈✼●✖✳★❍✼➐ ❀ ❄✦❆❋❏ ❀ s✮●✖✳★✵✹❆ ✲⑨✭ ✘ ❧ ✧❽❸
✸
A
B
❂ ❀✟✂✯✿✆☎
➯
✣ ✧
❉❋✺✼●✖✳❲✺✦✸✁●✖✳✛✵✷❝ ●✕✳✛✵✹❆✵✣➈➂♣❖❡➓✴❄✼❴❇❍✖✺✄❏✎❅▼♥❜❅❑❏✎✵✷❍✴❅❇❆✲●✖✺
❀
❖
①
P
✥
❖
✜
P
✣
➍✦❖✬P❳✿✮✱
❀
➂✻❖
①
P✇s✼❖
✜
P
✣
✿❴➓
✘
✱✟➐
✥
❖
✜
P
✣
➍✼❖✄✱❩❧✦➒
✘
✱✟➐
✥
➂✻❖
✜
✱
✣
❖♦P❱✿❴➓
❼
❘❣✳✛❅❇❪❯✳❲❅❑❍❣❄✙❂✰❃❋❄✼❏✎✶❯❄✏●✕❅❇❪
✧
➃✎✺✙❄✼❈✰❄✼❅▼❆✍✣➈➂♣❖❡➓
✘
❖
✜
✱
✣
❖✾P❳✿✾❄✦❆★❏✍✣❲➂❫➐✱➓
✘✤✥★✧
➯➪➚❑➩
✁
✺✰❃✛✶✕❍ ❢❨❅❇❆✲❃✛●✖✵✷❍
t ❵
✱ t
➇✽❏★❏ ❵ ✱
❸
❆✞●✕✳✛✵✠❝✙❅❇❆✲❃✛●✖✵✷❍✽❪❫✺✼❴❇❃✛❝✙❆❲✵✹❅▼●✖✳✛✵✷✶❛❖✾P✥✭
✘✁
✺✼✶✱➎✎❅▼✸❽❖✙P✱✭✄✂■s❴➒❚➎❜●✕✳✛✵✹❆❨❖✾P✥✭
✘☎ P❱s❬➒
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✷❆▲❅❇❆▲●✖✳✛✵⑥✳★✺✼❃✛✶❯❍
❪❫✺✼❴❇❃✛❝✙❆➔➎❽❅▼✸❛❖✞P ✭
✘✆
●✖✳✛✵✷❆✇❖✞P
❊✘
✭
✧
➇✽❏★❏✎❅▼❆★❈✉●✖✳★✵✷❍✖✵✄●❘✆✺❨✵✡❂✲❃★❄✏●✕❅▼✺✰❆★❍✠❈✰❅▼♥✰✵✷❍⑥❃★❍✠●✖✳★❄✦●✬❖
✘
➒
✧✞✝ ✶✱➎✁❅❤✸
❖✾P✱✭
✘☎
P✇s❴➒✠●✕✳✛✵✹❆❨❅❇❆▲●✖✳✛✵⑥✳✛✺✰❃✛✶❯❍❚❪✹✺✼❴❇❃✛❝✙❆❲❖✾P P✚➐
✘
✭
✧
➇✽❈✰❄✼❅▼❆❨❄✼❏★❏✎❅▼❆★❈♦●✕✳✛✵⑥❴❑❄✼❍✓●
✣
✵✡❂✲❃★❄✏●✕❅▼✺✰❆★❍❚❘✆✵⑥❈✰✵❫●
✣
❖✾P✂➐
✘
s❬➒✾❘❣✳✛❅❑❪❯✳❲❏✛✺✲✵✡❍✴❆✛✺✦●❛❈✰❅▼♥✰✵❿❃★❍❣❅❇❆✰●✕✵✹❈✰✵✹✶❛❍✖✺✼❴❇❃✎●✖❅❇✺✼❆★❍
✧
➃❜✺✾●✕✳✛✵✠✺✼❆★❴▼❵⑨❍✖✺✼❴❇❃✎●✕❅▼✺✰❆▲❅❑❍❣❖
✘
➒
✧
➅✴✳✛✵✹✶✕✵❿❅❇❍❣✺✰❆✛❴❇❵
✺✼❆✛✵❿✈❞✺✰❍✕❍✓❅❇❉✛❴❇✵⑥♥✚❄✼❴▼❃★✵✮✺✼✸✁❖
