REFERENCES
Afrianto. (2018). Being a professional teacher in the era of industrial revolution 4.0: opportunities, challenges and strategies for innovative classroom practices. English language teaching and research, 2(1).
Akayoglu, S., Satar, H. M., Dikilitas, K., Cirit, N. C., & Korkmazgil, S. (2020).
Digital literacy practices of Turkish pre-service EFL teachers. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 36(1), 85-97.
Akmal. (2017). Local culture and morality attachment to TPACK framework of pre-service English teachers within the challenge of the 21st century skills.
International Journal of Education, 9 (2), pp. 113-119.
Ally, M. (2019). Competency Profile of the Digital and Online Teacher in Future Education. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20(2), pp. 303-318.
Altun, D. (2019). Investigating Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Competencies Regarding Digital Literacy Skills and Their Technology Attitudes and Usage. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(1), 249-263.
Anggeraini, Y., Faridi, A., Mujiyanto, J., & Linggar, D. A. (2019). Pre-service English TeachersViews on Digital Literacy Competences in Language Teaching. In ISET 2019: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Science, Education and Technology, ISET 2019, 29th June 2019, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia (p. 453). European Alliance for Innovation.
Ariel, Y., & Avidar, R. (2015). Information, interactivity, and social media.
Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23(1), 19-30.
Arifin, B.S. (2015). Psikologi Sosial. Bandung: CV Pustaka Setia.
Ary, D., Jacob, L. C., Razavieh, A., & Sorensen, C. (2010). Introduction to research in education (8th Ed.). Wadswort: Nelson Education, Ltd.
Ata, R., & Yıldırım, K. (2019). Exploring Turkish pre-service teachers‘
perceptions and views of digital literacy. Education Sciences, 9(1), 40.
Auhadeeva, L., Valiahmetova, A., Akhmadullina, R., Pimenova, T., Salpykova, I., Valiakhmetova, N., & Aukhadeev, A. (2017). Pre-service teachers' communicative competency formation in Russia. In 11th International Technology, Education and Development Conference (pp. 6-8).
Bawden, D. (2008). Origins and concepts of digital literacy. Digital literacies:
concepts, policies and practices, 30, 17-32.
Bawden, D. (2008). Origins and concepts of digital literacy. Digital literacies:
Concepts, policies and practices, 30(2008), 17-32.
Bedir, H. (2019). Pre-service ELT teachers‘ beliefs and perception on 21st century learning and innovation skills (4Cs). Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(1), pp, 231-246
Blume, C., Gerlach, D., Roters, B., & Schmidt, T. (2019). The ABCs of inclusive English teacher education: a quantitative and qualitative study examining the attitudes, beliefs and (reflective) competence of pre-service foreign language teachers. The electronic Journal for English as a Second Language, 22(4), pp. 1-18
Boholano, H. A. (2017). Smart social networking: 21st century teaching and learning skills. Research in Pedagogy, 7(1), pp. 21-29.
Botta, A., Dainotti, A., & Pescape, A. (2012). A tool for the generation of realistic network workload for emerging networking scenarios. Computer Networks, 56(56), 3531-3547.
Brian, K., Williams, S.C., Sawyer, Sarah, E, Hutchinson. (2000). Using information
Chai, S., C, et al. (2017). Examining pre-service teachers‘ design capacities for web-based 21st century new culture of learning. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 33 (2).
Chu, S. K. W., Reynolds, R. B., Tavares, N. J., Notari, M., & Lee, C. W. Y.
(2017). 21st Century skills development through inquiry-based learning.
Singapore: Springer Singapore. doi: https://doi. org/10, 1007, 978-981.
Cresswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. London: SAGE Publication.
Cresswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed). University of Nebraska – Lincoln
Diyanti, B. Y., Nurhayati, L., & Supriyanti, N. (2020). The profile of primary English teachers in Indonesia. ResearchGate, 19(1), pp. 37-51.
Ersanli, C. Y. (2016). Improving Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) of Pre-Service English Language Teachers. International Education Studies, 9(5), 18-27.
Eryansyah, E., Petrus, I., Indrawati, S., & Ernalida, E. (2020). Pre-Service EFL Teachers‘ Digital Literacy and Factors Affecting Digital Literacy Development. (IRJE) Indonesian Research Journal in Education|, 402412.
Eryansyah., Erlina., Fiftinova., & Nurweni., A. (2019). EFL students' needs of digital literacy to meet the demands of 21st century skills. Indonesian Reearch Journal in Education, 3(2), 442-460.
Fatimah, A. S., & Santiana. S. (2017). Teaching in 21st century: Students-teachers‘
perceptions of technology use in the classroom. Script Journal: Journal of Linguistic and English Teaching, 2(2), 125.
Faulkner, J., & Latham, G. (2016). Adventurous Lives: Teacher qualities for 21st Century learners. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 41(4), pp. 137- 150.
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (7). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Guillen-Gamez, F, D., Mayorga-Fernandez, M, J., & Moral, M, T, D. (2020).
Comparative research in the digital competence of the pre-service education teacher: face-to-face vs blended education and gender. Journal of e-learning and knowledge society, 16(3), pp. 1-9
Haerazi. Irawan, A., L., Suadiyatno, T., & Hidayatullah, H. (2020). Triggering preservice teachers‘ writing skills through genre-based instructional model viewed from creativity. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 9(1), pp. 234-244.
Hakim, A. (2016). Model struktural hubungan teknologi informasi, kualitas informasi dan kinerja manajerial industri kreatif percetakan digital. MIX:
Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 6(1), 154440.
Halimah, L. (2017). Keterampilan Mengajar. PT. Refika Aditama, Bandung.
Hammond, D., L. (2016). Constructing 21st-Century Teacher Education. Journal of Teacher Education, 57 (3).
Handayani, N. (2017). Becoming the effective english teachers in the 21st century: What should know and what should do?. English language and literature international conference Indonesian Perspective. Bandung:
CELTICS Press
Ibrahim, A. H., & Yusoff, Z. S. (2012). Teaching public speaking in a blended learning environment. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2(6), 573.
Irie, K., Ryan, S., & Mercer, S. (2018). Using Q methodology to investigate preservice EFL teachers‘ mindsets about teaching competences. Studies in second language learning and teaching, 8(3), pp. 575-598.
Isler, C., & Yildirim, O. (2018). Perceptions o Turkish pre-service EFL teachers on their technological pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Education and future, (13), pp, 145-160.
Jan, H. (2019). Teacher of 21st Century: Characteristics and Development.
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(9), pp. 50-54.
Johnson, S. D. (1997). Learning technological concepts and developing intellectual skills. In Shaping Concepts of Technology (pp. 161-180).
Springer, Dordrecht.
Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53, 59–68
Khlaisang, J. & Koraneekij, P. (2019). Open online assessment management system platform and instrument to enhance the information, media, and
ICT literacy skills of 21st century learners. International Journal of Emerging Technology in Learning, 14(7), 111-127, http://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i07.9953
Kim, S., Raza, M., & Seidman, E. (2019). Improving 21st-century teaching skills:
The key to effective 21stcentury learners. Research in Comparative &
International Education, 14(1), pp. 99–117.
Koksal, D., & Ulum, O, G. (2019). Pre-service EFL teachers‘ conceptions of language proficiency: Entry and exit level qualifications‘. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(2), pp, 484-495
Limbong, E. (2017). Globalization and Pedagogy: How Should English Teachers Teach English In The 21st Century?. In International Conference on Education, Science, Art and Technology (pp. 61-69).
Liza, K., & Adriyanti, E.. (2020). Digital Literacy Scale of English Pre-service Teachers and Their Perceived Readiness towards the Application of Digital Technologies. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 14(1), 74-79
Lodico, M, G., Spaulding, D, T., & Voegtle, K, H. (2006). Methods in educational research from theory to practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Macleod, K, A & Krauglund-Gauther, W. (2015). A Case Study of Infusing Technology into Pre-service Secondary Science Teacher Learning:
Conceptions and Attitudes While Navigating Changing Digital Landscapes. JEE, 5(2), pp. 1-9
Menggo, S., Suatra, I, M., Budiarsa, M., & Padmadewi, N, N. (2019). Needs analysis of academic-English speaking material in promoting 21st century skills. International Journal of Instruction,12(2), 739-754.
Nabhan, S. (2021). PRE-SERVICE
TEACHERS‘CONCEPTIONS AND COMPETENCES ON
DIGITAL LITERACY IN AN EFL ACADEMIC
WRITING SETTING. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(1).
Napal Fraile, M., Peñalva-Vélez, A., & Mendióroz Lacambra, A. M. (2018).
Development of digital competence in secondary education teachers‘
training. Education Sciences, 8(3), 104.
Nation, I. S. P., & Macalister, J. (2010). Language Curriculum Design. New York
& London: Routledge.
Nugrahani, F. (2014). Metode penelitian kualitatif dalam penelitian Pendidikan Bahasa. Surakarta.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2009). A Report and Mile Guide for 21st Century Skills. Retrieved September 10, 2008 from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/downloads/P21_Report.pdf
Prachagool, V., Nuangchalerm, P., Subramaniam, G., & Dostal, J. (2016).
Pedagogical Decision Making through the Lens of Teacher Preparation Program. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young, 4(1), pp. 41-52.
Pradana, S., & Ashadi, A. (2019). Weblog as an Appropriate Online Medium in Teaching Writing. Script Journal: Journal of Linguistics and English Teaching, 4(2), 125-134.
Rao, P. A., Beidel, D. C., & Murray, M. J. (2008). Social skills interventions for children with Asperger‘s syndrome or high-functioning autism: A review and recommendations. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 38(2), 353-361.
Renatovna, A. G. (2019). Modern approaches to the development of critical thinking of students. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences Vol, 7(10).
Saragih, S., & Habeahan, W. L. (2014). The improving of problem solving ability and students‘ creativity mathematical by using problem based learning in SMP Negeri 2 Siantar. Journal of Education and Practice, 5(35), 123-133.
Saricoban, A., Tosuncuoglu, I., & Kirmizi, O. (2019). A technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) assessment of pre-service EFL teachers learning to teach English as a foreign language. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 15(3), 1122-1138.
Sellnow, D. (2003). Public Speaking: A Process Approach, California: Wadsworth Sellnow, D. (2005). Confident Public Speaking, California: Wadsworth
Selwyn, N. (2003). ICT in non-formal youth and adult education: defining territory. OECD/NCAL International roundtable, Philadelphia. Retrieved July, 19, 2008.
Setiyani, R. (2010). Pemanfaatan internet sebagai sumber belajar. Dinamika Pendidikan, 5(2).
Shariman, T. P. N. T., Razak, N. A., & Noor, N. F. M. (2012). Digital literacy competence for academic needs: An analysis of Malaysian students in three universities. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 14891496.
Siregar, R, A., Fauziati, E., & Marmanto, S. (2020). The effective 21st century pedagogical competence as perceived by pre-service English teachers.
Pedagogy Journal of English Language Teaching, 8(1), pp, 1-12.
Siyoto, S., & Sodik, A. (2015). Dasar metodologi penelitian. Yogyakarta: Literasi Media Publishing.
Subadi, T. (2006). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah University Press.
Suherdi, D. (2012). Towards The 21st Century English Teacher Education: An Indonesian perspective. D. Suherdi, Towards 21st Century English Teacher Education: an indonesian perspective, 2.
Syarifudin, F. Peran Buku dan Perpustakaan dalam Demokratisasi Informasi. Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, 2(2).
Tang, C. M., & Chaw, L. Y. (2016). Digital Literacy: A Prerequisite for Effective Learning in a Blended Learning Environment?. Electronic Journal of Elearning, 14(1), 54-65.
Tican, C., & Deniz, S. (2018). Pre-service teachers‘ opinions about the use of 21st century learner and 21st century teacher skills. European journal of educational research, 8(1), pp. 181-197
Tondeur, J., Aesaert, K., prestridge, S., & Consuegra, E. (2018). A multilevel analysis of what matters in the training of pre-service teacher's ICT competencies. Computers & Education 122, pp. 32-42
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st Century Skills Learning for Life in Our Times. United States of America: Jossey-Bass.
Ulla, M. B. (2016). Pre-service teacher training programs in the Philippines: The student-teachers practicum teaching experience. EFL JOURNAL, 1(3), pp.
235-250.
Urbani, J. M., Roshandel, S., Michaels, R., & Truesdell, E. (2017). Developing and modeling 21st-century skills with preservice teachers. Teacher Education Quarterly, 44(4), 27-50.
Üstündağ, M. T., Güneş, E., & Bahçivan, E. (2017). Turkish adaptation of digital literacy scale and in-vestigating pre-service science teachers‘ digital literacy. Journal of Education and Futmichaelsure, 12, 19-29.
Widianingsih, B., & Listyaningrum, R. (2018). A NEED ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LEARNING FOR DESIGNING ENGLISH CURRICULUM
AND WORKSHEET (A Case Study for the sixth semester of Electrical Engineering Students in the Academic Year of 2015/2016 at State Polytechnic of Cilacap). Epigram, 15(2).
Yahya, S. A., Abdullah, M. H., & Mansor, R. (2017). Analysis of teaching practice assessment framework in teacher education towards 21st century assessment. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(6), pp, 858-875
Yuksel, I., & Saglan, S. (2018). Are pre-service teachers competent enough? A cross sectional analysis of ELT pre-service teachers‘ perceived teacher competences. European Journal of Eduaction Studies, 4(11), pp. 205-228.
Yunus, M. M., Lubis, M. A., Lin, C. P., & Wekke, I. S. (2009). Language learning via ICT: Students‘ experience. In Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS/IASME International Conference on Educational Technologies (EDUTE'09) (pp.
136-142).