rd
THE 3 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION
AISTEEL
AND EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIPSupported and Coordinated by:
Postgraduate School
State University of Medan
North Sumatera, Indonesia
Organized by:
Indexing By :
PROCEEDINGS
Emerald Garden Hotel, Medan - Indonesia
03-04 October 2018
Vol. 3, December 2018 Vol. 3, December 2018
2018
i
Proceedings of The 3
rdAnnual International Seminar on
Transformative
Education
and
Educational
Leadership
(AISTEEL 2018)
“Education, Learning, and Leadership Innovation”
Emerald Garden Hotel, Medan City, North Sumatera, Indonesia
October 3-4, 2018
Editorial Board
Editorial-in-Chief
Dr. Juniastel Rajagukguk, M.Si (State University of Medan, Unimed)
Deputy Editor
Dr. Saronom Silaban, M.Pd (State University of Medan, Unimed)
International Advisory Board / Scientific Committee Prof. Dr. Kala Saravanamuthu (University of Newcastle, Australia) Prof. Arjen EJ Wals (University of Gothenburg, Sweden)
Prof. Dr. Bornok Sinaga, M.Pd (Unimed, Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Aytekin Isman (Sakarya University, Turkey)
Prof. Peter Charles Taylor, Ph.D., Med., B.Sc., Dip.Ed (Murdoch University, Australia) Prof. Dr. Mukhlas Samani, Ph.D (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Jailani bin Md. Yunos (University Tun Hussein on Malaysia) Prof. Dr. Nurahimah Mohd. Yusuf (UTM, Malaysia)
Assoc. Prof. Dr Pedro Isaias (University of Queensland, Australia) Assoc. Prof. Elisabeth Taylor, Ph.D (Murdoch University, Australia) Dr. Bambang Sumintono, M.Ed (Universiti Malaya, Malaysia) Dr. Isma Widyaty, M.Pd (UPI, Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Syahrul R, M.Pd (UNP, Indonesia)
Prof. Amrin Saragih, MA., Ph.D (Unimed, Indonesia)
Assoc. Prof. Ade Gafar Abdullah, M.Si (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia) Eng. Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto (Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia) Prof. Dr. Hartono, M.Pd (Universitas Negeri Semarang)
ii Proceedings of the 3rd Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education
and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2018)
Preface
The 3rd Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2018) was held in Emerald Garden Hotel, Medan City-Indonesia on 3-4 October 2018. This seminar is organized by Postgraduate School, Univesitas Negeri Medan and become a routine agenda at Postgraduate program of Unimed now.
The AISTEEL is realized this year with various presenters, lecturers, researchers and students from universities both in and out of Indonesia participating in, the seminar with theme “Education,
Learning and Leadership Innovation.”
The plenary speakers coming from various provinces in Indonesia have been present topics covering multi disciplines. They have contributed many inspiring inputs on current trending educational research topics all over the world. The expectation is that all potential lecturers and students have shared their research findings for improving their teaching process and quality, and leadership.
The third AISTEEL presents a keynote speaker and 4 distinguised invited speakers from Australia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Malaysia. In addition, presenters come from various Government and Private Universities, Institutions, Academy, and Schools. Some of them are those who have sat and will sit in the oral defence examination.
There are 326 articles submitted to committee, some of which are presented orally in parallel sessions, and others are presented through posters. The articles have been reviewed by double blind reviewer and 198 of them were accepted for published by Atlantis Press indexed by International Indexation. Meanwhile 83 papers were published in online International Proceedings indexed by Google Scholar. The Committees of AISTEEL invest great efforts in reviewing the papers submitted to the conference and organizing the sessions to enable the participants to gain maximum benefit.
Grateful thanks to all of members of The 3rd Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2018) for their outstanding contributions. Thanks also given to Universitas Negeri Medan for published this volume.
The Editors
iii
Table of Contents
Titles and Authors page
Design of Physical Practicum Tools on Rotational Dynamics Matter with Scientific Concept
1 Fretty Doharni Ritonga; Nurdin Bukit; Betty M.Turnip...
Analysis of the Leading Sector and Its Effect on the Economy in Pakpak Bharat Regency
6 Dinar Melani Hutajulu; M. Nasir; Arwansyah...
Analyze the Characteristic and Factors Cause of Bullying Behaviours in Early Childhood
12 Fadhilah Syam Nasution; Anita Yus; Aman Simaremare...
Play Finger Painting in Creative Art Model to Help Smooth Motoric
Development and Creativity of Group a in Kindergarten at Aek Loba Pekan Village
18 Lola Wita Harahap; Sri Milfayetty; Rosmala Dewi...
Maintenance of Gayonese Kinship Terms by Gayonese Minority Migrants in Jabodetabek
22 Desi Purnama Sari; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Berlin Sibarani...
Effect of Functional Training and TRX Suspension Training on Body Composition member Golden Fitness and Spa
26 Rafliansyah; Nurhayati Simatupang; Albadi Sinulingga...
Interpersonal Metaphor Used in the Boss Baby Movie
29 Khairuni Syafitri; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Anni Holila Pulungan...
Speech Act in Indonesia Lawyers Club: KPK vs Novanto
32 Theresia Fransiska Sidabutar; Zainuddin; Busmin Gurning...
The Effect of Instructional Strategy and Style Ofthinking Secuential on Students Outcome MAN Medan
36 Siti Aisyah Hanim; Tiur asih siburian; Darwin...
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Models and Self Efficacy on Student Mathematics Learning Outcomes
39 Sabdo Puji Rahayu; Mukhtar; Keysar Panjaitan...
Ideational Grammatical Metahpor in Reading Texts for Senior High School English Textbooks
43 Diemam Ferzhawana; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Zainuddin...
Effect of Soft Modification on Student Learning Results PAB 13 Kwala Begumit Private Vocational School
47 Iskandar Fahmi...
Differences in Metacognitive Ability of Students Through Learning Realistic Mathematics Education and Problem Based Learning in Pangkalan Susu Senior High School
51 Chairi Mutia Lubis; Waminton Rajagukguk; Kms.M.Amin Fauzi...
Development of Interactive Learning Media Projection of Working Drawing on Students of Class X TKR in SMK Markus 2 Medan
56 Irwan Panggabean; R. Mursid; Samsidar Tanjung...
Metaphor of Modality in Donald Trump’s Speech in United Nation General Assembly 2017
60 Nursyah Handaya; Siti Aisyah Ginting...
Traditional Sport Of Silek Tuo In Minangkabau Community (a study of Silek tuo
iv
Prima Nanda; Sabaruddin Yunis; Agung Sunarn... Improved Student’s Generic Science Skills With The Application of Cooperative Learning Models Based on Batak Culture
66 Rika Sari Indah Harahap; Derlina; Rahmatsyah; Sahyar; Bornok...
Management Development Athletes of Shorinji Kempo North Sumatra Region
71 Arti Kurniaty Bangun...
Efforts to Improve Learning Results Free Basketball Shot (Free Throw) Through The Application of Teaching Style Inclusion
75 Bob Rahmat Manalu... ...
Development of Egosan Engineering Extension Models with Straight Sticking in Pencak Silat
77 William Filipus; Amir Supriadi; Tarsyad Nugraha...
The Development of Interactive Learning Media of Athletic on Physical Education in SMP Negeri 15 Medan
81 Akhmad Khaidir; Budi Valianto; Tarsyad Nugraha...
The Effect of Learning Model and Self-Reliance Learning toward Science Learning Outcomes
84 Rohima; Mukhtar; Samsidar Tanjung...
The Effect of Learning Method and Kinesthetic Perception on The Learning Outcomes of Lay Up Basketball
88
Saiful Adrian; Nurhayati Simatupang; Suprayitno………....
Analysis Of Physical Education Teacher Management Skills In State Elementary School Sub-District Medan Tembung
91 Syahrul Effendi Nasution; Amir Supriadi; Albadi Sinulingga...
Innovation Of The Speed Model Using Running With The Ball Techniques In Football
95 Julio Roberto; Amir Supriadi; Novita... ...
The Development of Penetration Drill Training Technique of Wrestling Sport
99 Ihsan Idris Silalahi; Jan Bobby Nesra Barus...
Speech Function of Anies Baswedan’s Speech in Approval Ceremony as the Governor of Jakarta in the Period of 2017-2022
102
Ahmad Rifa’i Ritonga; Sumarsih... ... Development of Web-Based Learning Media to Enhance Writing Capability of Biography Text of Student Class X SMA
105 Rencus B. Sinabariba, Tiur Asi Siburian, Mutsyuhito Solin...
Implementing the Teaching Supervision by Principals in Improving the Performance of Teachers in Aceh Besar
109 Said Ashlan... ... ...
Female Principal Leadership
115 Hendro Widodo; Hengkang Bara Saputra... ...
The Ways of Rohingya Teenagers in Medan Realized Their Language Attitude
120 I Wayan Dirgayasa; Rahmat Husein; Lonni NurIffah Nasution...
Metaphor in Umpasa of Saurmatua Toba Batak Ceremony
124 Heppy Yersin Digita Purba; Rahmad Husein; Anni Holila Pulungan...
The Influence of Part Method, Whole Method and Determination Exercise Methods on Improving Exercise in the Sports Branch of Pencak Silat Single Art Category of College Students SPDKK (Art of Kencana Kwitang Self Defense) Deli Serdang Year 2018/2019
127 Mawar Sari... ... ...
v
Philosophy of Rakut Sitelu
Desi Haryati Nianggolan... Evaluation of Implementation of Sustainable Professional Development (PKB) for Junior High School Physical Education Teachers to Increase Professionalism in Tebing Tinggi City
135 Mhd Fazar Afandi...
Development of Innovative PJOK teaching materials on floor gymnastics
materials to improve learning outcomes of Grade Students at Junior Hight School
138 Bangun Saragih...
The Influence of the Discovery Learning Model assisted with Image Media and Motivation Against Civics Learning Outcomes of Students in Class IV of Public Elementary Schools 055980 Aman Damai 2017/2018
142 Heryansyah Ginting; Dede Ruslan; Reh Bungana Br.Perangin-angin...
Development of science teaching materials based on Science Technology Society (STM) and its influence on learning outcomes of fourth grade students of MIN Medan Tembung
149 Diah Hafizhotul Husna; Nuraini; Ramlan Silaban...
The Improvement of Cooperative Learning Model Application Skill in Numbered Head Together Through Clinical Supervision of Art Teacher in SDN 060886 Medan Baru
154 Unita Vitta Omas Sianturi; Martua Manullang; Rosmala Dewi...
Gold of North Sumatera Program Coach Performance
159 Suyono; Hariadi; Supryetno...
Transitivity Systems Analysis of Bilingual Civic 3 Education Textbook for Grade XII
163 Jusup Sitepu; Anni Holila Pulungan; I Wayan Dirgeyasa Tangkas...
The Lecturer Performance Development of the STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena Banda Aceh
169 Saiful Bahri...
The Interference of Batak Mandailing Language to Indonesian (In The Interaction
At The SeventhGrade Students Of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Al-Azhar
Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan Padang Sidimpuan)
175 Siti Jahria Sitompul; Abdurrahman Adisaputera; Sumarsi...
The Influence of Microbiology Dictionary and Microbiology Textbook
Utilization in the Contextual Learning Framework on Biology Students Higher Order Thinking Skills
177 Kiki Rizqi Sahara; Hasruddin; Ashar Hasairin...
The Differences of Learning Style and Students’ Creativity to Students’
Achievement in Dribbling the Ball in Playing Football of Seventh Grade Students of SMP Ar – Rahman Percut
180 Muammar Afif Marpaung; Imran Akhmad; Rahma Dewi...
Development of Gobag Sodor Game Model to Increase Interest in Elementary Students
184 Siska Nova Undari...
The Influence of Research-Based Learning with Portfolio Assessment on Science Process Skills in Microbiology Course for Biology Program Students
187 Saudah Rahmayanti; Hasruddin; Tumiur Gultom...
The Influence of Teaching Style and Confident Against the Results of a Study of Shooting in the Game of Football (Experiment Studies the Self Check Style and
vi
Tembung Sabilina)
Muhammad Syaiful; Ramadhan Harahap... Development of Mirror Writing Teaching Materials Based on Class XI Media Literation of Lolomatua 1 State High School
195 Yanida Bu'ulolo; Biner Ambarita; Marice...
The Development of Teaching Materials for Technology- Assisted Procedure Text in Vocational High School
197 Nova Andarini; Biner Ambarita; Malan Lubis...
Development of Adobe Flash Based Floor Gymnastics Media Learning on Health Sport Education Lesson
201 Hardiansyah...
The Effect of Learning Approach and Linguistic Competence Capability Reading The English Narative Text of Student SMA Negeri 6 Padangsidimpuan.
206
Sukriyah Batubara; Keysar Panjaitan... ……….
Analysis Effect of Household Consumption, Investment and Labor to Economy Growth In Sumatera Utara
209 Richna Handriyani; Arwansyah; Sahyar...
Idioms Translation Strategies in Pasung Jiwa Novel English Version
213 Hariyanto; Amrin Saragih; Sumarsih...
Code Mixing in Novel: A Case of Indonesian Literary Work
216 Nurul Hidayanti Hasibuan; Amrin Saragih; Sumarsih...
Logico-Semantic Relation in Presidential Debate Between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump
221 Annisa Risma Khairani Lubis; Della Fransiska Ginting; Jumino Suhadi...
Semiotic Meanings in Cigarette Advertisement Texts
227 Rodearta Purba; Zainuddin; Amrin Saragih...
Modality as Hedging Device in the US Presidential Election Debate
232 Roobby Hamdanur; Anni Holila Pulungan; Zainuddiin...
The Improving Mathematical Communication Ability Through Realistic Mathematical Approach Based on Toba Batak Culture
235 Aman Sanusi Siregar...
Speech Functions of Doctors and Patients on Medical Consultation Process
239 Resti Citra Dewi; Anni Holila Pulungan, Sumarsih...
The Development of Venturimeter Instrumentation in Dynamic Fluid
243 Zahrani Dalimunthe; Rahmatsyah; Derlina...
Lexical Metaphors in Onang-onang of Bobby and Kahiyang Tortor Dance
246 Siti Rahma Ritonga; Anni Holila Pulungan; Didik Santoso...
The Discourse Markers in President Joko Widodo’s Speeches in KTT APEC China in 2015
249 Syahbuddin Nasution1; Busmin Gurning; I Wayan Dirgayasa Tangkas...
Preparation of Papers in Two-Column Format for AISTEEL Conference
Proceedings Translator’s Strategies in Transferring Cultural Values in Ratatouille Film
254 Femy Septiani; Anni Holila Pulungan...
Lexical Metaphor In Printed Car Advertisements
258 Misdiana; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Amrin Saragih...
Political Discourse Analysis of Donald Trump Political Speech
263 Elisa Silviani Siregar; Prof. Dr.Zainuddin, M.Hum; Prof.Dr. Sri MindaMurni,
MS... ...
vii
Nurliana Harahap; Mahendra Ginting Manik; Indah Listiana... Appraisal of Healthy Product Advertisement on Television
274 Nurun Nazipah Harahap; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Rahmad Husein Napitupuluh...
Lexical Metaphor in Andrea Hirata’s “The Dreamer” Novel
277
Nurul Sa’adah; I Wy. Dirgeyasa; Siti Aisyah Ginting... Impoliteness Strategies Used by Governor Candidates of DKI Jakarta in Governor Election Debate 2017
281
Sri Minda Murni; Busmin Gurning……...
Intertextuality in Travel Umroh Advertisement
287 Afifah Nurul Khoirot Nasution; Anni Holila Pulungan; Eddy Setia...
Intertextuality on Oral Discourse in Sari Matua Batak Toba Ceremony
290 Dyan Yosephin Hutagalung; Anni Holila Pulungan; Rahmad Husein...
The Effect of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel to Creatine Kinase Serum in Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Fatigue from Swimming
293 Rika Nailuvar Sinaga; Jumadin IP; Zulaini...
Analysis of Technology Utilization to Measure The Throw Distance of The Ball on Hammer Throw
296 Riki Prastian; Agung Sunarno; Sabaruddin Yunis Bangun...
The Interactions of Social Stratification and Karonese Register in Giving Pedah Pedah Perjabun
300 Elkana Putra Tarigan; Amrin Saragih; Siti Aisyah Ginting...
Implementation Management Training Volleyball Club of Pertamina Year 2017
305 Reza Wibowo; Sanusi Hasibuan; Budi Valianto...
Lexical Metaphor in Printed Car Advertisements
308 Misdiana; Siti Aisyah Ginting; Amrin Saragih...
Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension Ability In Descriptive Text Through Flashcard
309 Aisya Hartati...
The Role of Teacher’s Training Model and Technological Approach to the Improvement of Teachers’ Professionalis
312 Intan Sufiah Batubara...
The Difficulties of Students at the Second Year of St.Thomas 3 Senior High School Medan in Translating English Idioms into Indonesian
315 Fitri Susi Sinurat...
The Effect Of Applying The Great Wind Blows Strategy On The Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
321 Gisca Irdayana Lubis...
Attitude of Examiners in Thesis Convocation
325 Mara Sutan Siregar...
Politeness Strategies in Mandailing Wedding Ceremony
293
The Effect of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Peel to Creatine Kinase Serum in Male Rats (Rattus
norvegicus) with Fatigue from Swimming
Rika Nailuvar Sinaga
Teaching Staff of Sports Science Faculty
Universitas Negeri Medan Medan, Indonesia [email protected]
Jumadin IP
Teaching Staff of Sports Science Faculty Universitas Negeri Medan (Unimed)
Medan, Indonesia
Zulaini
Teaching Staff of Sports Science Faculty Universitas Negeri Medan (Unimed)
Medan, Indonesia Abstract— Oxidative stress that occurs due to heavy physical
exercise causes cells damage in the body, including muscle cells. Acute or chronic muscle cells damage can be marked by measuring the content of creatine kinase in the serum. Natural antioxidant consumption is a way to overcome the effect of oxidative stress. One of natural antioxidants is mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) peel with high content of antioxidants, xanthone and anthocyanin. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of mangosteen peels to creatine kinase serum in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) which have swimming fatigue. This is a true experimental study with post-test only control group design with 29 white rats as the experimental animals which were divided into 4 groups. The first group was given distilled water while the others groups were given mangosteen peels extract with dosage of 50, 100 and 200 mg/KgBW for 3 weeks. Physical activity, swimming, was done thrice in a week to all groups. Creatine kinase test was done at the last day of treatment where the rats had swum to fatigue. The average of creatine kinase serum shows a significant reduction. From the three dosage, 200 mg/KgBW of extract mangosteen peels is better to reduce creatine kinase serum content compared to the other two dosage in male rats. From this study, it can be concluded that mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) peels extract acts as antioxidant to lower creatine kinase serum in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) with swimming fatigue.
Keywords—Mangosteen peels extract; creatine kinase; swimming fatigue.
I. INTRODUCTION
Physical training is a series of structured and rhythmic physical activities with a specific intensity in a certain amount of time that aims to increase physical fitness [1]. However, maximum physical activity can cause fatigue and even muscles injury. Exercise raises oxygen consumption as the metabolism increases in the body such as in muscles, the heart and brain [2]. The increase of oxygen consumption is able to badly affect the cells in the body including muscle cell.
Skeletal muscle produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) when contracted. The imbalance between ROS and antioxidant in the body due to physical activity lead to a condition known as oxidative stress [3]. The raise of oxidative stress can be dangerous to all macromolecules like lipid, protein and DNA [4]. This condition triggers damages in muscle cell.
There is a physiology indicator that is considered as an important parameter to observe the training volume and intensity like Plasma Creatine Kinase to prevent oxidative stress to occur. A number of studies about physical training and Creatine Kinase have been done. There is an insignificant increase of creatine kinase concentration in runners who did 6 kilometer run [5]. According to [6] endurance training induces the rise of creatine kinase level in the circulation.
Oxidative stress effect can be overcome by giving a good either natural [7] or synthesized antioxidant [3,8,9,]. Natural antioxidant studies is Anthocyanin from purple tubers and black rice [10,11], ginger [12], ginseng [13] and grape seed extract [14].
294 II.
This study is a pure experimental research with posttest-only control group design. The sample in this research was 29 of 2-month old white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) with body weight of 180 – 200 grams. The rats are acclimated for one week in the cage and they were given food and drink as much as they like. The light was controlled to be 12 hours lights (06.00 – 18.00) and 12 hours dark (18.00 – 06.00), while the room temperature and humidity were left at their natural state. The usage and handling of experimental animal have obtained ethical clearance from ethics committee in Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty of Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.
Samples were put into 4 groups, the first group as a control group was given distilled water and swimming activity. The
second group received 50mg/kg weight of mangosteen rind extract and asked to swim. The third and fourth groups were given 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg weight of mangosteenn skin respectively and swimming activity for both groups. Swimming was done three times a week for 30 minutes in Week I, 35 minutes in Week II and 40 minutes in Week III. At the end of treatment, the rats were let to swim to almost drawn or when fatigue was shown with full body except the nose in the water and the weakening of limbs movement.
Mangosteen rind extract (EKBM) was made by ethanol 96% maceration method. Extract was given every day, half an hour before the swim. Creatine Kinase examination was done at the last day of treatment after the rats swam to fatigue. The rats were executed and the blood was taken from the heart. Blood test was done with enzymatic kinetic method. Data obtained was tested with ANOVA test and followed by LSD Test. Differences were considered significant at p<0,05.
III. RESULTS
This research aims to observe the effect of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) rind extract to creatine kinase serum level is male rats (Rattus norvegicus) that were asked to swim to fatigue. From the study, the difference of creatine kinase level is shown in Table 1 and Figure 1.
From Table 1, it can be seen that the average level of creatine kinase is the highest in control group. Next, the group that was given mangosteen peel extract had reduction in creatine kinase level. In ANOVA test, p value obtained was
equal to 0.000 which means that there is a significant difference in the average level of creatine kinase in male rats that were asked to swim to fatigue after the administration of mangosteen rind extract in various dosage. LSD test show 200
mg/kg weight dosage was better in reducing creatine kinase serum level in male rats.
IV. DISCUSSION
The research shows that creatine kinase is the highest in control group that received aquadest and swimming. Similar result was shown in a study conducted by [24] in which creatine kinase serum increased in rats which had swum to fatigue. Creatine kinase is an indicator that marks muscle damage [25]. Endurance test is able to cause damages in
[6,26]. The damages are indicated by the increase of several circulations in muscle protein like creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin [27].
Creatine kinase serum decreased in the groups of rats which were given mangosteen skin extract. Several studies used natural plants and showed the influence to creatine kinase. Reference [28] found that the administration of curcumin is effective in reducing creatine kinase-MB level. Lycium barbarum administration is able to reduce creatine kinase and CK-MB activities in rats that were asked to swim to fatigue [24]. Mangosteen rind extract has the potential as antioxidant [15] like xanthone and anthocyanin [18]. Antioxidant is a substance that is capable to ward off and muffle the negative impact of oxidants in the body by donating one of the electrons. As a result, oxidant activity can be hindered [29]. The antioxidant activity of mangosteen peel extract reduces stress oxidation hence the reduction of damages in mucle cell.
Based on this study, it can be concluded that mangosteen rind extract (Garcinia mangostana L.) as antioxidant is able to reduce creatine kinase serum level in male rats (Rattus norvegicus) which were let to swim to fatigue.
TABLE 1. Differences in Levels of Creatin Kinase in Male Rats
Parameter Treatment group p value
P1 P2 P3 P4
Note: P1 (Control); P2 (EKBM 50 mg/KgBW); P3 (EKBM 100 mg/KgBW); P4 (EKBM 200 mg/KgBW); Average ± S.D ; * indicates the difference between groups (p<0,05).
Fig. 1. LSD testing in group control, EKBM 50 mg/KgBW, EKBM 100 mg/KgBW and EKBM 200 mg/KgBW. a,b,c,d. (p<0,05).
295 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors gratefully acknowledge Ministry of Research and Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia under the research grant Universitas Negeri Medan of Year 2018 for supporting this research.
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