ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رد يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ يﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ و مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﺎﻤﯿﭘ زروﺎﺸﮐ ن
1
-*
ﺮﻫوﺮﻓ ﺪﯿﺠﻣ -2
رﻮﯾداد دﻮﻌﺴﻣ
3
ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
02 / 02 / 1394
شﺮﯾﺬﭘ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ :
04 / 08 / 1394
هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
و ﺖﯿﻤﻫا زا آرﺎﮐ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ،رﻮﺤﻣ ﺖﻌﯿﺒﻃ و راﺪﯾﺎﭘ يزروﺎﺸﮐ هﺎﮔﺪﯾد زا ﻪﭼﺮﮔا ﺪـﯿﻟﻮﺗ ياﺮـﺑ نﻼـﮐ يﺎﻫ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ رد ﯽﻟو ،ﺪﻧرادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ يا هﮋﯾ
ا ،ﯽﻄﯾاﺮﺷ رد و ارﺎﮐ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ مﺎﻗرا ،ﯽﻄﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﯾز و يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا ،ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا تﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺎﺑ ﯽﻏﺎﺑ و ﯽﻋارز تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ مﺎﻗر
ﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا رﺎﮐ و ﺖﺸﮐ ياﺮﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﻊﻗاو ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ .
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺎﻘﻣ ظﺎـﺤﻟ زا مﺪـﻨﮔ يﺎـﻫ ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﯽـﺧﺮﺑ ﻪﺴﯾ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ
يور فﺮـﺼﻣ (Zn)
و يﺎﻫ كﻮﻠﺑ حﺮﻃ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ،ﻞﯾرﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ،ﺎﻫ نآ يﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ
ﯽـﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ و يزروﺎـﺸﮐ تﺎـﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ هﺎﮕﺘﺴﯾا رد راﺮﮑﺗ ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ
نﺎﺳاﺮﺧ يﻮﺿر ) قﺮﻃ ( لﺎﺳ ﯽﻃ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻋارز -90 1388 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا . يﺎﻫ رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ﯾﺎﻣزآ
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶ 6 مﺪﻨﮔ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ )
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ يﺎـﻫ مورود و ﻪـﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪـﻨﮔ
) ﺦﯿﻠﺑ ﻢﻗر 2(– مﺎﻗرا و تﻼﻓ ،ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ﻦﯾﻻ و سﻮﻃ و
C75-5) ( تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ فﺮﺼﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ ود و يور
ﮏﺸﺧ ) و ﺮﻔﺻ 40 رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ (
دﻮـﺑ . سﺎـﺳا ﺮـﺑ
ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ود ﺐﮐﺮﻣ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ داد
،ﺎﻫ ه ﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪ
ﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ رﻮﻃ ﯽ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ راد ناﺰﯿﻣ
61 / 12 رد ﺪﺻرد يﺎـﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ،مﺪـﻨﮔ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ .
مﺎﻗرا ﻦﯿﺑ رد
، ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ و ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ
ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ مورود مﺪﻨﮔ رد )
93 / 92 ( سﻮـﻃ ﻢﻗر و )
97 /5 ( هﺪﻫﺎـﺸﻣ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻧاد رد يور بﺬﺟ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا )
ﻄﺳ رد ﺢ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا 5 (%
ﺪﺷ . ﻈﻠﻏ ،يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧاد رد ار يور بﺬﺟ و ﺖ
6/
8 و 5/
21 داد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﺻرد .
يور فﺮﺼــﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ )
ﯽﯾآرﺎـﮐ يور (
ﻪﻧﻮـــﮔ رد ترﻮﺼــــﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻒﻠـــﺘﺨﻣ مﺎـﻗرا و ﺎـﻫ سﻮـﻃ
~
ﻪﻟﺎﮑــﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ تﻼــﻓ <
ﺪﻧﻮــﻟا <
<
C75-5
مورود<
، ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ .
هژاو ﻠﮐ يﺎﻫ
:يﺪﯿ مﺎﻗرا
،مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ
،مورود ، ور ي آرﺎﮐ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
21
3
شﺮﺘـﺴﮔ تﻼـﻏ ﺖـﺸﮐﺮﯾز ﯽـﺿارا رد فﺮﺼﻣ ﻢﮐ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ دراد . ﺎﯿﻧد رد ﺖﺸﮐ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽﺿارا زا رﺎﺘﮑﻫ ﺎﻬﻧﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ رﺎـﭼد
دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ
ﻢﮐ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺎﯾ ﮏﯾ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ فﺮﺼﻣ
25) .(
د تﻼـﻏ ر
، دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ
ًﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﻦﻫآ نآ لﺎﺒﻧﺪﺑ و يور ﻊﯿﺳو
ﻢـﮐ ﺮـﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﯿـﺑ رد دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ
ﺖﺳا فﺮﺼﻣ .
دﻮـﺷ ﯽـﻣ هﺪـﯾد رﻮﻓو ﻪﺑ ﯽﮑﻫآ يﺎﻬﮐﺎﺧ رد ﻪﺿرﺎﻋ ﻦﯾا
.1( ) ﺖـﺳا هﺪﺷ دروآﺮﺑ رﺎﺘﮑﻫ نﻮﯿﻠﯿﻣ800 ﺎﻫ كﺎﺧ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﻌﺳو
. pH و ندﻮﺑ ﯽﮑﻫآ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ ناﺮﯾا رد
و ﯽـﻟآ داﻮـﻣ ﯽﻤﮐ ،ﺎﻬﮐﺎﺧ دﺎﯾز
ﯿﺑ ﮑ شﺮﺘـﺴﮔ يور دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ،يرﺎﯿﺑآ يﺎﻬﺑآ ندﻮﺑ ﻪﺗﺎﻨﺑﺮ و ﻪﺘـﺷاد يدﺎـﯾز
هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا يﺎﻬﯿﺳرﺮﺑ ﻖﺒﻃ 40
ﯽـﺑآ مﺪﻨﮔ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺖﺤﺗ عراﺰﻣ زا ﺪﺻرد
ﯽﻣ يور ﺪﯾﺪﺷ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ رﺎﭼد ناﺮﯾا ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ
)2 .(
دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ فﺮـﺼﻣ ﻢﮐ
تﻼﻏ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺖﺤﺗ ﯽﺿارا رد
، ﯽـﻣ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻧ دﻮـﺷ
1 ، 2 و -3 ﭘ نﺎﯿﺑﺮﻣ و رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺰـﮐﺮﻣ ،بآ و كﺎـﺧ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋ
نﺎﻣزﺎـﺳ ،يﻮـﺿر نﺎـﺳاﺮﺧ نﺎﺘـﺳا ﯽـﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﻊﺑﺎـﻨﻣ و يزروﺎـﺸﮐ شزﻮﻣآ و تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ
،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،يزروﺎﺸﮐ ﺞﯾوﺮﺗ و شزﻮﻣآ ،تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ناﺮﯾا
- *) لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ :
[email protected] (Email:
ﻪﮑﻠﺑ لﺰﻨﺗ ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ مﺪﻨﮔ يا
هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ار ﺰﯿﻧ دراد لﺎـﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ )
13
(. يور ﯽﻫددﻮﮐ و يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ
و تﻼﻏ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
ﯽﺘﺣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﮏﯾ مﺎﻗرا )
15 ( . يﺎﻬﻫار زا ﯽﮑﯾ
درﻮـﻣ هﺎـﯿﮔ زا ﯽﻣﺎـﻗرا ﺖـﺷﺎﮐ ،كﺎﺧ رد ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ نآ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺮﻈﻧ .
نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ
4ارﺎﮐ ﺮـﺼﻨﻋ ﮏـﯾ فﺮـﺼﻣ يﻻﺎـﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺎﯾ
ﺪـﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ فﺮﻃﺮﺑ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ ود زا ار ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ نآ ﻪﺑ دﻮﺧ زﺎﯿﻧ ،ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ . كﺎﺧ زا ﺮﺼﻨﻋ بﺬﺟ ياﺮﺑ يﻮﻗ يﺎﻫ رﺎﮐوزﺎﺳ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻦﯾا ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد )
uptake efficiency ﻪـﺑ و لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا رد ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﺎﯾ و (
هﺎـﯿﮔ ﻞـﺧاد رد ﺮـﺼﻨﻋ يﺮـﯿﮔ رﺎﮐ )
utilization efficiency ﻪﺘـﺷاد (
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﺮﻨﺷرﺎﻣ ) 18 ( ـﺑ نﺎـﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻪـﮐ دﻮـﻤﻧ دﺎﻬﻨـﺸﯿﭘ ار ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻢﺴﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ
ﻪ دﻮـﺧ فﺮـﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ و هدﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﻪﻠﯿﺳو ﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ ار .
ﺮـﺼﻨﻋ ندروآ ﺖـﺳﺪﺑ شور رد ﺖـﺳا ﻦـﮑﻤﻣ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ
ر ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻪﮑﯾرﻮﻄﺑ ،ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﻞﻤﻋ ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺖﺨﯾ
ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﺪﻨﻫد ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ار دﻮﺧ ﻪﺸﯾر نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺧﺮﺑ
ﻂـﺑاور ﮏـﻤﮐ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ
ﻻﺎـﺑ ار دﻮﺧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ،تادﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺰﻤﻫ
4- plant efficient
ﻢﺘﺴﯿﺳ ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻞﯿﻣ يﺎـﺸﻏ يور ﺮـﺑ هﮋـﯾو ﯽﯾاﺬـﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ بﺬﺟ يﺎﻫ
،ﯽﯾﺎﻤﺳﻼﭘ ﯽﻣ ددﺮﮔ ﺐﺒﺳ ار ﺮﻣا ﻦﯾا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ .
ﯽـﺗاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺖـﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ هﺎﯿﮔ
ﺪﯾﺎﻤﻧ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺰﯿﻧ دﻮﺧ ﻪﺸﯾر ﺮﻔﺳوﺰﯾر رد )
تﺎـﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ،ﺎـﻬﺗﻼﮐ ﺢـﺷﺮﺗ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ
و هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ءﺎﯿﺣا ...
( ﺪﻫد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﯽﺳﺮﺘﺳد ﺎﺗ .
زا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد يﺎﻬﺷور رد ﺮـﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦـﯾا فﺮـﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا
ﻮﻤﻧ هرﺎﺷا هﺎﯿﮔ ﻞﺧاد ﺮـﺻﺎﻨﻋ لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﻖـﯾﺮﻃ زا ﻪـﮐ د
ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ) هﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺴﻣ رد لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻢﻫ ﯽﻧﻻﻮـﻃ ﺖﻓﺎﺴﻣ رد لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﻢﻫو1
(2
ﯽﻣ ﺎﻬﻟﻮﻠﺳ ﻞﺧاد رد ﯽﻨﯾﺰﮕﯾﺎﺟ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﺎﯾ و دﻮﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
. دﻮـﺟو ﺎـﺑ
و ﯽـﮑﯿﺘﻧژ سﺎـﺳا زﻮـﻨﻫ ،ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ﺖﺧﺎﻨـﺷ ﻪـﻨﯿﻣز رد ﯽﯾﺎـﻫ ﺖﻓﺮـﺸﯿﭘ ﺴﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ ﻤ ـﺳا هﺪﺸﻧ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ،نآ ﯽ ﺖ
)8 (.
آرﺎـﮐ يور نﺎـﻫﺎﯿﮔ
3
ﺪـﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ﺮﯿﻘﻓ يﺎﻬﮐﺎﺧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ار دﻮﺧ زﺎﯿﻧ درﻮﻣ يور ﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﺪﻨـﺳر ﯽﻣ دﻮﺧ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ زا ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﺑ و )
11 .(
نﺎـﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻦـﯾا
ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻤﻧ نﺎﺸﻧ يور دﻮﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ يزرﺎﺑ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ .
ﻦﯾا ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ فﺮﻃ رد
دﺎﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ يور ﻢﮐ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ،هوﺮﮔ ندﺮـﮐ هدروآﺮـﺑ ﻪﺑ ر
ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ و ﺪﻨﺘﺴﯿﻧ ،ﺮﯿﻘﻓ يﺎﻫ كﺎﺧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد دﻮﺧ زﺎﯿﻧ دﻮـﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾا
ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ يور .
ظﺎـﺤﻟ زا مﺎـﻗرا ﻖﯿﻗد ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺢﺿاو ﺮﭘ
ﺐـﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﯾﺮﯾﺪﻣ ذﺎﺨﺗا رد ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ،ﺎﻫ نآ يﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ ﺎﯾ و ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻢﯿﻤﺼﺗ و ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻢﻗر بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ،ﻪﻠﻤﺟ نآ زا و رﺎﮐ و ﺖﺸﮐ ياﺮـﺑ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻫد دﻮﮐ .
سﺎﺳا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ
، ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺮـﺿﺎﺣ رﻮـﻈﻨﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻫ مﺪـﻨﮔ مﺎـﻗرا و يﺮﯾﺬـﭘدﻮﮐ و يور فﺮـﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ظﺎـﺤﻟ زا
) دﻮﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يور
( ﺮـﺼﻨﻋ ﻦـﯾا تاﺮﺛا ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ و ﺮـﺑ
دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﻪـﻧاد
ﻪﻧاد رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ مﺎﺠﻧا
ﺪﺷ .
شور و داﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺳ ﻢﻗر ﻦﯾﻻ ﮏﯾ و ﻨﮔ
نﺎﻧ مﺪ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﮔود و4
مورود ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ و5
و يور فﺮـﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺮﻈﻧ زا6
يﺮﯾﺬـﭘدﻮﮐ ﺎـﻬﻧآ
و دﺮــﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮــﺑ يور دﻮــﮐ فﺮــﺼﻣ ﺮــﺛا ﯽــﺳرﺮﺑ رد يور ﺖــﻈﻠﻏ و ﻪــﻧاد
،ﻪﻧاد ﯽﻓدﺎـﺼﺗ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ يﺎﻬﮐﻮﻠﺑ حﺮﻃ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﻞﯾرﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ
نﺎﺳاﺮﺧ يزروﺎﺸﮐ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ رد راﺮﮑﺗ ﻪﺳ ﺎﺑ )
قﺮُﻃ ( ﯽﻃ ود لﺎـﺳ
ز ﯽﻋار 90 - 1388 ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ يﺎﻫ رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ :
6 ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
مﺪﻨﮔ ) ﻪﻧﻮﮔ يﺎﻫ و ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗو مورود مﺪﻨﮔ اﻗر
ﺎ سﻮﻃ ،ﺪﻧﻮﻟا نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ م
تﻼﻓ و ﻦﯾﻻ و C75-5) فﺮﺼﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ود و(
ﯽﮐﺎـﺧ يور دﻮـﮐ ) 0
و .دﻮــﺑ(ﺪــﺻرد36يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮــﺳ رﺎــﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮــﻠﯿﮐ40 مﺎــﺠﻧا زا ﻞــﺒﻗ
ياﺮﺑ ،ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ
ﻞـﺤﻣ ﻦﯾﺪـﻨﭼ زا ﺶﯾﺎـﻣزآ نﺎﮑ
، ﻪـﻧﻮﻤﻧ يرادﺮـﺑ
1 - Short distance translocation 2 - long distance translocation 3- Zn- efficient
4-Triticum aestivum 5-Triticum durum 6-Thriticosecale witmack
ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ بﺬﺟ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ يور ناﺰﯿﻣ شور زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ
لورﻮـﻧ و يزﺪـﻨﯿﻟ
) 17 ( زا ﺮـﺘﻤﮐ نآ بﺬـﺟ ﻞـﺑﺎﻗ يور ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﯽﻧﺎﮑﻣ ،
7/
0 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد مﺮﮔ دﻮﺑ
) لوﺪﺟ 1
.( 9 ﯽﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ تﺮﮐ ﺮﻫ لﻮﻃ نآ ضﺮﻋ و ﺮﺘﻣ
6/
3 ﺮﺘﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد
ﺪﺷ . ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ،يور ﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ درﻮﻣ
، كﺎـﺧ نﻮﻣزآ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ
ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد تﺮﮐ ﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ نﺎﺴﮑﯾ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﺎﻫ .
رﺬﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﯽﻓﺮـﺼﻣ ﺮـﺑ
ﻢﮐاﺮﺗ سﺎﺳا 400
ﻊﺑﺮﻣﺮﺘﻣ رد ﻪﻧاد
، ﻦﯾزﻮـﺗ و ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻢﻗر ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ
و ، راﺰـﻫ رد2 ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺲﮐاوﺎﺘﯾو ﺶﮐ چرﺎﻗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﻮﻔﻋﺪﺿ زاﺲﭘ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ
تﻼـــﻏ ﯽﺗﺎــﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ رﺎﮐرﺬﺑ هﺎﮕﺘﺳد (Plot Planter)
ﺪـﺷ ﺖـﺷﺎﮐ
. .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﯽﺘﺳد ترﻮﺼﺑ زﺮﻫ يﺎﻫ ﻒﻠﻋ لﺮﺘﻨﮐ ﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ياﺮﺑ زا ﺐـﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ،ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ و ﺮﻔﺴﻓ ،نژو
350 مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﯿﮐ
،هروا رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد 200
و ﻞـﭙﯾﺮﺗ تﺎﻔـﺴﻓ ﺮﭘﻮـﺳ رﺎـﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ
120 ﻞﮑـﺷ ﻪـﺑ ﻦـﻫآ .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ Fe-
EDDHA ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ
5 تﺎﻔﻟﻮـﺳ ﻊـﺒﻨﻣ زا ﺰـﻨﮕﻨﻣ و رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ
ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣ 25
ﺎﻫ تﺮﮐ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ رد ﺖﺸﮐ زا ﻞﺒﻗ رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ و ﯽﮐﺎﺧ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ .
30 ﻪﺗزا دﻮﮐ ﺪﺻرد
و ﺖـﺷﺎﮐ مﺎﮕﻨﻫ رد ـﻧﺎﻤﯿﻗﺎﺑ
ﻪـﺗزا دﻮـﮐ هﺪ )
هروا ( يﺎـﻬﺘﻧا ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ ود رد
ﻪﺠﻨﭘ ﻪﺷﻮﺧ ياﺪﺘﺑا و ﯽﻫد فﺮﺼﻣ كﺮﺳ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻫد
ﺪﺷ . ﻪﺑ يرﺎﯿﺑآ
ﯽﺘﺸﻧ هﻮﯿﺷ )
ﻪﺘﺸﭘ و يﻮﺟ (
راﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ 8 نﺎـﺴﮑﯾ ترﻮـﺻ ﻪـﺑ رﺎﺑ ﮏﯾ زور
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا .
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪـﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد ﯽﯾاﻮـﻫ ماﺪـﻧا رد يور
ﯽﺸﯾور ﺪﺷر )GS6
ﺲﮑﯿـﻓ سﺎﯿﻘﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ،
اﺪـﺘﺑا ﻪﻗﺎـﺳ ي و ﻦﺘـﻓر
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ هﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﻟوا رﻮﻬﻇ (
ﻪـﻧاد رد يور بﺬـﺟ ﻦﯿـﻨﭽﻤﻫ
، زا هدﺎﻔﺘـﺳا ﺎـﺑ
ﻪﻄﺑار ) ﺖﻈﻠﻏ × دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ = بﺬﺟ ( ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ، هﺎﯿﮔ زا يرادﺮﺑ ﻪـﻧاد و
مﺎـﺠﻧا
ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ . ﻪـﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ و ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ،
ﺮـﯾز ﻂـﺑاور سﺎـﺳا ﺮـﺑ
ﯽﯾارﺎــﮐ ﺖــﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎــﮐ و يﺮﯾﺬــﭘدﻮﮐ ، فﺮــﺼﻣ و مﺎــﻗرا رد يور
ﻧﻮﮔ ﻪ مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ
يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ياﺮﺑ. )
ﯽﯾآرﺎﮐ يور (
ارا ﻒـﯾﺮﻌﺗ زا ، ـﺋ
ﻪ ،ﻦﯿـﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻦﯾا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا( )9نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ومﺎﻫاﺮﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ
ار ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ
،ﺮـﯿﻘﻓ كﺎﺧ رد ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﮏﯾ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ
رد نآ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ
ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ يا بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺪﻨﺘﻓ .
100
ﻦﯾودﻮﮔ و لو ساﺮﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ زا )8
( ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ياﺮﺑ
ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا يﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ ﺎﯾ يور دﻮﮐ ﯽﻋارز .
ﺎﻬﻧآ يدﺎـﺼﺘﻗا ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ
هﺪـﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﺪﺣاو ﺮﻫ يازا ﻪﺑ هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ ار
ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ دﻮﮐ ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ دﻮﻤﻧ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ
ﺪﻧ.
لوﺪﺟ -1 ﯽﺧﺮﺑ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻞﺤﻣ كﺎﺧ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﮑﯾﺰﯿﻓ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ )
ﻖﻤﻋ -30 0 ﺮﺘﻤﯿﺘﻧﺎﺳ (
Table 1- Some physical and chemical properties of the experimental soil (0-30 cm)
كﺎﺧ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ Soil Texture Sand
Silt Clay P
K Zn Fe Mn Cu
T.N.V O.C
pH EC
% mg/kg
dS/m %
ﻟ ﯽﺘﻠﯿﺳ ﯽﻣﻮ Silt Loam 50.6
27.4 20
7.2 180 0.52 2.4 3.4 0.7 18.7
0.48 8.1 1.4
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ يدﻮﮐ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ -
راﺪﻘﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ هﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ
100 ) بﺬﺟ يور ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻧاد رد بﺬﺟ -
يور يدﻮﮐ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻧاد رد (
راﺪﻘﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ هﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ
ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ1
ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ نﻮـﺴﻧﺎﺟ و نﻮـﺋار
) 21 ( ، ﺮـﺑ
ﯽﯾاﺬـﻏ ﺮـﺼﻨﻋ ﺪﺣاو ﺮﻫ يازا ﻪﺑ هﺪﺷ بﺬﺟ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ هﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ ،
ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺪﺷ .
و ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺚﺤﺑ ياﺮـﺑ ار ﺎـﻫ ﺲﻧﺎـﯾراو ﯽﺘﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ ﺖﻠﺗرﺎﺑ نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﮐ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
لﺎـﺳ ود ﯽـﻃ رد يﺮـﯿﮔ هزاﺪـﻧا درﻮـﻣ يﺎـﻫ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ زا ﮏﯾﺮﻫ ﺶﯾﺎـﻣزآ
) ﻪـﻧاد رد يور بﺬﺟ و هﺎﯿﮔ و ﻪﻧاد رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ (
ﺪـﯿﯾﺎﺗ
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺎﻫ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ زا ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ هداد ﻪﻟﺎﺳود ﺐﮐﺮﻣ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ،دﺮﮐ . .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا ﺎﻫ هداد ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ود ﺐﮐﺮﻣ ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﯾز رد
ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ يﺎﻬﺨﺳﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
مﺪﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ فﺮـﺼﻣ ﻪـﺑ
يور
(Zn) ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﯿﻠﮐ رد ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ رﻮﻄﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ يﺎـﻫ ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ مﺪـﻨﮔ
ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا 5/
10 ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ﺪـﺻرد
) لوﺪﺟ 2 .(
و مورود مﺪﻨﮔ ياﺮﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻦﯾا ﻦـﯾﻻ
C75-5 ﺐـﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪـﺑ
ﺎﺑ 19 و 16 دﻮـﺑ مﺎـﻗرا ﺮﯾﺎﺳ زا ﺶﯿﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﺻرد .
ﻪـﮑﯿﻟﺎﺣ رد
ﺗ ﻪـﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ و سﻮﻃ ﻢﻗر ﺎـﻬﻨ
3/
1 و 4 دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﺪـﺻرد
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ . رد يور فﺮـﺼﻣ زا ﯽـﺷﺎﻧ دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا سﺎﺳا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ
ﺢﻄــﺳ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎــﺑ )
مورود مﺪــﻨﮔ (
ﻪــﺑ ﮏــﯾدﺰﻧ 16
رد دﺮــﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮــﺑاﺮﺑ
ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ )
سﻮﻃ ﻢﻗر ( ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ . گﺮـﮔ و نﺎـﺠﻧارﺎﺘﻧﺎﻤﻫ )
12
( ﺘـﺳا لوﺪﻨﯾا و گﺮﺑ ﻞﯿﻓوﺮﻠﮐ ﺮﺑ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ يور ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﯿـﺳا ﮏﯿ
(IAA) ﯽـﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ و دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ياﺰـﺟا رد يراد
رد ﺖـﯾﺎﻬﻧ
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ددﺮﮔ
. ﻞـﯿﻓوﺮﻠﮐ ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ مﻼﻋا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺎﻬﻧآ
-1 لدﺎﻌﻣ ﻢﯿﺴﻠﮐ تﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐ Total Neutralizing value
وa ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا ردb ﺪـﺑﺎﯾ
. ﻞـﯿﻓوﺮﻠﮐ ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا
هدﺎـﻣ ﺪـﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺐـﺟﻮﻣ ﺮـﻣا ﻦـﯾا ﻪﮐ هﺪﺷ ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺑ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﮏﺸﺧ ﯽﻣ يﺮﺘﺸﯿ
ددﺮﮔ . ﺮـﮕﯾد فﺮـﻃ زا ﺐـﯾﺮﺨﺗ زاIAA
ﯽﻣ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﻞﯿﻓوﺮﻠﮐ ﯽـﻣ ﻻﺎـﺑ دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و ﺪﻨﮐ
دور
. ﺰﯿﻧ ( )3نواﺮﺑ
ﻪـﻧاد و ﻢﭼﺮﭘ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺮﺛا رد ﻪﮐ دﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ
ﻦﯿﯾﺎـﭘ تﺪـﺷ ﻪـﺑ ﻪـﻧاد دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد و هﺪﯾد ﺐﯿﺳآ مﺪﻨﮔ رد هدﺮﮔ ﯽﻣ ﺪﯾآ . يور ﯽﻠﻠﻤﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻦﻤﺠﻧا ،IZA )
13 (،
ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ 50 رد يﺪـﺻرد
دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮـﺷ رد ار ﻪـﻧاد رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ ماﻮﺗ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ هداد شراﺰــﮔ يور ﺖــﺳا
. ﯽﺗﻮــﮑﻠﻣ و نﺎﯿﺋﺎﯿــﺿ )
27 ( ﯽــﺳرﺮﺑ ﮏــﯾ رد
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ يا ﯽﮐﺎﺧ
10 مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ يور مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد
،كﺎﺧ يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ زا ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ رد
) يور فﺮـﺼﻣ مﺪـﻋ
( 17 ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺶﻠﮐ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﺪﺻرد
ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻪﺑ 13 ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﻧﻮﮔ رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ. ﺎﻫ
ﺮـﻈﻧ زا ﺰﯿﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗرا و
ﯽـﻣ نﺎـﺸﻧ ار راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا يرﺎﻣآ ـﺑ ،ﺪـﻫد
ﻪ يرﻮـﻃ ﻦﯾﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ ﻪـﮐ
ﺎـﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ زا دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ 2/
7999 و رﺎـﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﯿﮐ ﻦﯾﺮـﺘﻤﮐ
زا راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﻻ C75-5 ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 7/
5917 ﺪـﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ رﺎﺘﮑﻫ رد مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ
. ﻢـﻗر4 ﻦﯿ ﮕﻧﺎـﯿﻣ) نﺎـﻧ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻪﺳ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ،ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻦـﯾﻻ و
مﺪﻨﮔ ( دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ و مورود ،
مورود مﺪﻨﮔ زا يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا رد ﻪﻧاد )
5/
23 ﺪﺻرد ( زا نآ ﻦﯾﺮـﺘﻤﮐ و
ﮔ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨ )
25 /4 ﺪﺻرد ( و هﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﺎـﺑ نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ
6/
11 ﺖـﺳا ﻪـﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮـﻗ ود ﻦـﯾا ﻦﯿـﺑ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد .
كﺎـﻣ كﺎـﮐ
و ( )5 نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ
رد يور فﺮـﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾرد
ﯽﻣ نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ مﺎﻗرا و ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ مورود مﺪﻨﮔ ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ
. يوﻮـﻟآ )1
( ﻪﮐ دﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ
زا ﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ يور دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻪـﺑ مورود مﺪﻨﮔ مﺎﻗرا ﺖﯿﺳﺎﺴﺣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ مﺎﻗرا .
ﺰـﯿﻧ مﺪـﻨﮔ عﻮـﻧ ﺮـﻫ رد مﺎـﻗرا ﻦﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
دراد دﻮﺟو يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ رد ﯽﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ .
= ﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﯽ يﺮﯾﺬﭘ دﻮﮐ) (
= ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
بﺬﺟ يور ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻧاد رد -
بﺬﺟ يور يدﻮﮐ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﻧاد رد
هﺪﺷ فﺮﺼﻣ دﻮﮐ راﺪﻘﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ=
ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ
لوﺪﺟ -2 يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ رد ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺑ
مﺪﻨﮔ ) ﻦﮑﻧاد نﻮﻣزآ
Table 2- Effect of zinc use on grain yield of wheat genotype
ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد
Grain yield increase percentage ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ
Mean +Zn
-Zn ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
Genotype
23.5 6352.2c
7027.3ce 5689.1gh
مورود –
Durum
4.25 7999.2a
8166.0a 7833.3ab
ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ –
Thriticosecale
16.1 6629.8bc
7125.6cd 6134.0fg
ﺪﻧﻮﻟا – Alwand
11.7 6977.5b
7363.0bc 6592.0df
تﻼﻓ – Falat
18.8 5917.7d
6426.3ef 5409.1h
C75-5
1.3 6666.6bc
6709.6df 6623.6df
سﻮﻃ – Toos
12.61 7136.3**
6380.2 Mean
فﺮﺣ ﮏﯾ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ياراد داﺪﻋا نﻮﺘﺳ ﺮﻫ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ، ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ
5 ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﻣآ فﻼﺘﺧا ،ﺪﺻرد
* و **
لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ 5
و 1 ﺖﺳا راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺪﺻرد
- Means followed by similar letters in a column are not significantly different from each other atα=0.05
* and ** significant atα=0.05 and 0.01 respectively
ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ــﺑ يور فﺮــﺼﻣ ﻪ
يراد ﯽــﻨﻌﻣ رﻮــﻃ )
05 /0
= ( ،α ﺶﯾاﺰــﻓا ﺐــﺟﻮﻣ
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
مﺪﻨﮔ زا 2/
31 ﯽـﻠﯿﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا ﮏﺸﺧ نزو مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد يور مﺮﮔ 6/
42 رد مﺮـﮔ ﯽـﻠﯿﻣ
مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ لدﺎﻌ 5/
36 ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ دﻮـﺑ
) لوﺪﺟ 3 .(
ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﻪـﺑ مورود مﺪـﻨﮔ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ 4/
35 ﯽﻟﺎـﺣ رد . دﻮـﺑ مﺎـﻗرا ﺮﯾﺎـﺳ زا ﺶﯿﺑ ﻪﮐداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد رد ﻪـﮐ
ﺎـﺑ ﯽﯾاﻮـﻫ ماﺪـﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ 9/
6 ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﺪـﺻرد
ار راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺖﺷاد
. ﻦـﯾا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ
، مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻒـﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎـﻗرا ﻪـﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ
نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻪ ﯽﯾاﻮـﻫ ماﺪـﻧا رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎـﯿﻣ رﻮﻃ
مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﯾﻻ
C75-5 مورود مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ نآ ﻦﯾﺮـﺘﻤﮐ و ﺖــﺳا هدﻮـﺑ
. نارﺎــﮑﻤﻫ و يﺮﯿـﺸﻣ )
20 ( ،يا ﻪــﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ ﻪــﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﮏـﯾ رد
رد ار مﺪﻨﮔ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻄﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﯽﮐﺎـﺧ فﺮـﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا
10 ﺪـﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰـﮔ ،يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮـﺳ ﻊـﺒﻨﻣ زا يور مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﯿﮐ رد مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ . ./5 زا ﺮـﺘﻤﮐ) كﺎـﺧ يور دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮـﺷرد ،ﺎﻫ نآ تاﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ كﺎـﺧ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ (،
ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ يور رد ماﺪـﻧا مﺎـﻤﺗ رد ﯽﯾاﻮـﻫ
،مﺎﻗرا 5/
1 ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ زا ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ
10 مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
يور ﯾاﺮﺷ زا ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ رد .دﻮﺑ
رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﺰـﯿﻧ يور ﺖـﯾﺎﻔﮐ و دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻂ
دﻮﺑ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗرا ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا .
يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ندﻮﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﯾآ ﻪﮑﻨﯾا
،ﻪـﻣادا رد ؟ﺮـﯿﺧ ﺎـﯾ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ يور ﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ راﺮﻗ ﺚﺤﺑ درﻮﻣ .
لوﺪﺟ 3 - ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﺑا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد مﺪﻨﮔ ﻦﺘﻓر ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ياﺪﺘ
(GS6) ) ﻦﮑﻧاد نﻮﻣزآ α=0.05
(
Table 3- Zinc concentration in shoot of wheat genotypes at stem elongation stage (Duncan’s multiple range test)
ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد
Zn concentration increase percentage in shoot ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
يور (mg/kg)
Mean + Zn
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ -Zn Genotype
54.9 29.7c
36.1bd 23.3e
مورود -
Durum
7.4 32.1bc
33.3ce 31.0ce
ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ -
Thriticosecale
42.4 40.0a
47.0ab 33.0ce
ﺪﻧﻮﻟا - Alwand
18 37.4ab
40.5ac 34.3ce
تﻼﻓ - Falat
35.3 43/9a
50.5a 37.3bd
C75-5
72.6 38.3ab
48.5a 28.1de
-سﻮﻃ Toos
36.5 42.6**
31.2
Mean
ﺮﻫ رد لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ، ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ فﺮﺣ ﮏﯾ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ ياراد داﺪﻋا نﻮﺘﺳ 5
ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﻣآ فﻼﺘﺧا ،ﺪﺻرد
* و **
لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ 5
و 1 ﺖﺳا راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺪﺻرد
- Means followed by similar letters in a column are not significantly different from each other atα=0.05
* and ** significant atα=0.05 and 0.01 respectively
ﻪﻧاد رد يور بﺬﺟ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﯽـﻨﻌﻣ ﻪـﻧاد رد يور بﺬﺟ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا راد
ﺪـﯾدﺮﮔ
) ﺢﻄﺳ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا 5 .(%
يور بﺬـﺟ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪـﻧاد رد
ﻪـﺑ ار
ناﺰـﯿﻣ ﻪـﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ 6/
8 و 5/
21 داد ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﺪﻫﺎـﺷ ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ﺪـﺻرد
) لوﺪﺟ 4 .(
لﺎﺣ ﻦﯿﻋ رد
، يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪـﺑ ﯽﺗوﺎـﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻬﺨـﺳﺎﭘ مﺪـﻨﮔ
ﺪﻧداد نﺎﺸﻧ يور فﺮﺼﻣ .
رد ،ﻪﻧاد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ
مورود مﺪﻨﮔ )8
/ 13 ﺪﺻرد ( ،ﻪـﻧاد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ و
ﯾﻻ رد ﻦ C75-5 )3 /0 ﺪﺻرد ( ﺪﺷ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ
. ،ﻪﻧاد رد يور بﺬﺟ ناﺰﯿﻣ ظﺎﺤﻟ زا ﺎـﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﯽﺸﯾاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ مورود مﺪﻨﮔ
6/
40 ﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔو ﺪﺻرد ﺎـﺑ ﻪـﻟﺎ
4/
9 و ﻦﯾﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ ﺐـﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪـﺑ ﺪـﺻرد
ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ بﺬﺟ
ﺪـﻧداد نﺎـﺸﻧ يور فﺮـﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا رد ار .
ﻦﯿـﻨﭽﻤﻫ
بﺬــﺟ ﻪــﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪــﻨﮔ ﻪــﻧاد رد يور )
4/ g/ha 198 ( ﺮﯾﺎــﺳ زا ﺶﯿــﺑ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ دﻮـﺑ نﺎﻧ و مورود ﺮﯿﻈﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ .
ﻦـﯾا ﻪـﺠﯿﺘﻧ شراﺰـﮔ ﺎـﺑ يﺎـﻫ
ﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺎ ﺮﮕﯾد ن ﺮﯿﻈﻧ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ و نارﺎـﮑﻤﻫ ) 19 ( ﯽﺗﻮـﮑﻠﻣ و يرﺪـﺳ ، )
22
( .دراد ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ
دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮـﺑ هوﻼـﻋ ،نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ و ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ هﺎﮔﺪﯾد زا د يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،ﻪﻧاد ﻪـﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﯽﺘـﺴﯾﺎﺑ ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳا ﯽﻤﻬﻣ رﻮﺘﮐﺎﻓ ﺰﯿﻧ ﻪﻧاد ر
ﻢﯿـﻈﻨﺗ ﺎـﻫ نآ ﺢﻄﺳ ءﺎﻘﺗرا يﺎﺘﺳار رد مﺪﻨﮔ ﯽﻋارز ﻪﺑ و يداﮋﻧ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ
. ﻊـﺒﻨﻣ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻪـﮐ ﻪﻌـﺳﻮﺗ لﺎـﺣ رد يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ رد هﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﺮﻣا ﻦﯾا
ﺖـﺳا رادرﻮـﺧﺮﺑ ﯽﺻﺎﺧ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا زا دﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ بﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﯽﻠﺻا
. ﯽﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ،4 و2 لواﺪﺟﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ
ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﺐﺒـﺳ مﺪـﻨﮔ يﺎـﻫ ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﺐـﻠﻏا رد كﺎـﺧ رد يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ ﻪـﻧاد رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و ﻪﻧاد دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ .
سﺎـﺳا ﺮـﺑ
كﺎﻣ كﺎﮐ تارﺎﻬﻇا )4
( يﺎـﻫ ﻪـﻧاد رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ لﻮـﻤﻌﻣ هدوﺪﺤﻣ ،
دوﺪﺣ مﺪﻨﮔ 25
ﺎﺗ 30 ﻪـﻧاد ﮏـﺸﺧ نزو مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﯿﮐ رد يور مﺮـﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ
ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺖﺳا رد ﻪـﮐ ﻦـﯾا ياﺮﺑ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻧاد رد يور بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ
زا ﺶﯿـﺑ ،ﺪـﺷﺎﺑ راﺬﮔﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ 50
مﺮـﮔ رد يور مﺮـﮔوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻧاد ﮏﺸﺧ نزو .
لوﺪﺟ رد ﻪﭼ نآ 4
ﻦـﯾا دﻮـﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ
دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮـﺷ رد ﺶﯾﺎـﻣزآ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﻧاد رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ زا يور 2/
24 ﺎﺗ 8/
26 ر ﺖـﯾﺎﻔﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد و ﻦﯿـﺑ ،يو
4/
25 ﺎـﺗ 5/
30 ﺖﺳا ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ
كﺎـﻣ كﺎـﮐ ﻂـﺳﻮﺗ هﺪﺷ ﺮﮐذ لﻮﻤﻌﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد و
دراد راﺮﻗ . ﭼ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨ 50
ﺮﺛﻮـﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔوﺮﮑﯿﻣ
يﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺪﻣ نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ رد نﺪﺷ ﻊﻗاو ﺖﺳا زﺎﯿﻧ ،يور زا .
ﻦﯿـﻋ رد ﻪـﮐ ﺰـﯿﻧ مﺪـﻨﮔ زا ﯽﻣﺎﻗرا ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ و حﻼﺻا
د ﻪـﻧاد رد ﻢﻫ ار يور زا ﯽﯾﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺘﺑ لﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻦﺘﺷا
هار رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺰﮐﺮﻤﺘﻣ دﻮﺑ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺎﺸﮔ
.
لوﺪﺟ 4 - رد ﻪﻧاد ﻂﺳﻮﺗ يور بﺬﺟ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﺮﺛا يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
مﺪﻨﮔ ) ﻦﮑﻧاد نﻮﻣزآ α=0.05
(
Table 4- Effect of zinc use on zinc concentration and uptake in grain of wheat genotypes ﺖﻈﻠﻏ Concentration(mg/kg) بﺬﺟ
Uptake(g/ha)
اﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد ﯾ ﺶ
ور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ي رد
ﻪﻧاد Increase percentage of
Zn concentration
in grain Mean
+Zn -Zn
اﺰﻓا ﺪﺻرد ﯾ ﺶ
بﺬﺟ ور ي ﻪﻧاد رد
Increase percentage of Zn uptake in
grain Mean
+Zn ژ -Zn
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧ Genotype
13.8 28.6ab
30.5a 26.8ab
40.6 183.3b
214.3a 152.4d
مورود -
Durum
4.9 24.8b
25.4ab 24.2b
9.4 198.4a
207.4a 189.5ab
ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ -
Thriticosecale
8.9 29.2a
30.5a 28.0ab
26.6 194.5a
217.3a 171.7cd
ﺪﻧﻮﻟا - Alwand
10.1 28.1ab
29.5a 26.8ab
23.0 196.9a
217.2a 176.6bd
تﻼﻓ - Falat
0.3 28.5ab
28.6ab 28.5a
18.3 168.9c
183.1bc 154.7d
C75-5
12.4 27.4ab
29.0a 25.8ab
13.9 182.6b
194.5ab 170.8cd
-سﻮﻃ Toos
29* 26.7
21.5 205.6**
169.2 Mean
ياراد داﺪﻋا نﻮﺘﺳ ﺮﻫ رد لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ، ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ فﺮﺣ ﮏﯾ ﻞﻗاﺪﺣ
5 ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ يرﺎﻣآ فﻼﺘﺧا ،ﺪﺻرد
* و **
لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ 5
و 1 ﺖﺳا راد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺪﺻرد
- Means followed by similar letters in a column are not significantly different from each other atα=0.05
* and ** significant atα=0.05 and 0.01 respectively
رد يور ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
مﺪﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ
لوﺪﺟ 5 ، فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
) يﺮﯾﺬـﭘ دﻮﮐﺎﯾ يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا
( ـﺑ . ﺪـﻫد ﯽـﻣ نﺎـﺸﻧ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗرا رد ار يور ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ و ﻪ ﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ و سﻮﻃ ﻢﻗر مﺪﻨﮔ ،ددﺮﮔ ﯽﻣﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪﮐيرﻮﻃ ياراد ﻪﻟ
زا ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ 90
ﺎـﺑ مﺎـﻗرا ناﻮـﻨﻋ ﻪـﺑ و هدﻮـﺑ ﺪـﺻرد
رد ﯽـﻨﻌﯾ ،ﺪﻧﻮـﺷ ﯽـﻣ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨـﺷ يور ياﺮـﺑ ﻻﺎـﺑ فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺖﯿﻠﺑﺎﻗ يور فﺮﺼﻣ مﺪﻋ ترﻮﺻ
، ﻦﯾا ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ود زا ﺶﯿـﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ
90 ﺪـﺻرد
ﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ار دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺮﺜﮐاﺪﺣ ـﻨ
ﺪ . ﻞـﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد
، ﺎـﺑ مورود مﺪـﻨﮔ 9/
80 .ﺪــﺷﺎﺑﯽــﻣ يور فﺮــﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎــﮐ ﻦﯾﺮــﺗ ﻦﯿﯾﺎــﭘ ياراد ﺪــﺻرد شﻮــﺧ
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﺶﻨﻣرﺎﺘﻔﮔ )
16 ( ﻪـﻋرﺰﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﮏﯾ رد ﺰﯿﻧ ، يا
) كﺎـﺧ ﺎـﺑ
ياراد 29 /0 يور مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ ﺎﺑ يﺮﯿﮔ هرﺎﺼﻋ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
DTPA
فﺮﺼﻣ و 40 يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮـﺳ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ يور مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ (
ار مورود مﺪـﻨﮔ ،
ﻦﯾﺮﺗ ارﺎﮐ يور ار ساﺮﮐ مﺪﻨﮔ و ﻦﯾﺮﺗارﺎﮐﺎﻧ يور ﻦﯿـﺑ رد ﺎـﻫ ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﺪـﻧدﺮﮐ ﯽـﻓﺮﻌﻣ ، مورود و تﻼـﻓ ، ساﺮـﮐ ،ﺮﯾﻮﮐ ،ﻦﺷور يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ .)يور دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ شراﺰﮔ ( )5 نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ وكﺎﻣ كﺎﮐ 09 /0 كﺎﺧ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ رد مﺮﮔ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ (
ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ رد ﮏﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺎـﻫ
نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﯽﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ رد ﺶﻫﺎـﮐ ﻦـﯾا ﯽـﻟو ﺪﺑﺎﯾ يﺎـﻫ
ﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ مورود مﺪ .
،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
يور مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژيﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ ﺎﯾ
ﺪـﺣاو يازا ﻪـﺑ ار ﺪـﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا ﻪـﮐ
ﯽﻓﺮﺼﻣ
،يور ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﻫد
، دﻮـﺧ ﻪﺑ ار راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ مورود مﺪﻨﮔ رد
و هداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
يور يﻻﺎـﺑ يﺮﯾﺬـﭘدﻮﮐ ﺎـﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ددﺮﮔ . رﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺮـﻫ فﺮـﺼﻣ ءازا ﻪـﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻦـﯾا رد ﺮـﮕﯾد ت
يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ زا ﺺﻟﺎﺧ يور مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ
، 93 / 92 مﺮﮔﻮـﻠﯿﮐ ﺶﯾاﺰـﻓا
دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ رد مﺪﻨﮔ ﻪﻧاد
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ،يور فﺮﺼﻣ مﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺖـﺳا هﺪـﺷ
. ﻦﯾﺮـﺘﻤﮐ . دراد ار يﺮﯾﺬـﭘدﻮﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑC75-5ﻦﯾﻻ مﺪﻨﮔ نآ لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ ﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ و سﻮﻃ ﻢﻗر ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺖـﺳا ﻪ
. طﺎـﺒﺗرا رد ﯽﻣ ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺰﯿﻧ يور ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ
ددﺮـﮔ ﻪـﺑ طﻮـﺑﺮﻣ نآ ﻦﯾﺮﺗﻻﺎـﺑ
مورود ) 43 /0 ﺪﺻرد ( ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ نآ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ و )
12 /0 ﺪـﺻرد
( 36/ مورود مﺪـﻨﮔ رد يور ﺖـﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ رد.ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺮـﺑاﺮﺑ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ مﺪﻨﮔ
. كﺎﻣ كﺎﮐ
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و )7
( ﺎﻣزآ ﯽﻃ يور ﯽـﺸﯾ 8
مﺪـﻨﮔ ﭗـﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ مورود و نﺎﻧ يور دﻮـﺒﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ موﺎﻘﻣ مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ
دﻮﺑ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺸﯾر زا يور لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ياراد ﺪـﻧ
. ﺎـﻫ نآ
ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪـﺸﯾر رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﻪـﺑ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا ﻞﮐرد يور ار
رد 17/ ﺎ ـﺗ12/ سﺎـﺴﺣ يﺎﻫﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ رد و34/ موﺎﻘﻣ يﺎﻫﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ هزاﺪـﻧا
ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ يﺮﯿﮔ .
ﺎﺑ ﻪـﺑ ﺮﻔـﺻ زا يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا 1
رد رﻻﻮـﻣ وﺮـﮑﯿﻣ
ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ )
ﻊﺒﻨﻣ زا يور تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ (
مﺪـﻨﮔ رد ﻪـﻧاد دﺮـﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ و ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ مورود ﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ نﺎﻧ مﺪﻨﮔ يﺎﻫ
ﺖـﺳا هدﻮـﺑ
)6 .(
ﻪﻧﺎﺨﻠﮔ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﮏﯾ رد يا
نرﻮﺗ نارﺎـﮑﻤﻫ و )
24 ( ﺲـﮑﻋ ، ﻞـﻤﻌﻟا
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ و ﺪـﻧدﺮﮐ ﯽـﺳرﺮﺑ يور ﻪـﺑ ﺖﺒـﺴﻧ ار نﺎـﻧ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﺪﻧدﻮﻤﻧ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯽـﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ار يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ
ﺪـﻨﻫد
ﯽﻣ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ يﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ
. ﻪـﮐ ﺪـﻨﺘﻓﺎﯾرد ﺎـﻬﻧآ ﻦـﯾا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ
زا يور بﺬـﺟ رد نآ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﮏﯾ رد يور ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ هدزﺎﺑ رد نآ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا و كﺎﺧ ﯽﻣ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ
دﻮﺷ
. (5 لوﺪـﺟ) يور فﺮـﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ماﺪـﻧا رد يور ﺖـﻈﻠﻏ و
يور دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ )
لوﺪـﺟ 3 ( ﻪـﮐ ﺖـﺳا نآ هﺪـﻨﻫد نﺎـﺸﻧ
يور فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ زا ﯽﺼﺧﺎﺷ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻤﻧ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻄﻠﻏ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ . ،دﻮـﺷ ﯽـﻣ ﻪـﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻪـﮐ نﺎـﻨﭽﻤﻫ رد يور فﺮﺼـــﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ
ﻪﻧﻮــﮔ ا و ﺎﻫ رﻮﺼــــﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﻒﻠــﺘﺨﻣ مﺎﻗر ت
: سﻮـﻃ و ﻪﻟﺎﮑـــﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ
ﻓ<
تﻼــ ﺪﻧﻮــﻟا<
C75-5 <
مورود<
،ﺑ ﺪﻣآ ﺖﺳﺪ ﺖﺳا ه .
لوﺪﺟ 5 يور ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ و ﯽﻋارز ،فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ– يﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ رد
مﺪﻨﮔ
Table 5- Zinc use efficiency, agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency wheat genotypes ﺖﻓﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ Apparent Recovery
Efficiency (%) ﯽﻋارز ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
) يﺮﯾﺬﭘ دﻮﮐ (
Agronomic Efficiency kg/kg) ( فﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﯾارﺎﮐ
يور
Zinc Use Efficiency (%) ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ
Genotype
0.43 92.93
مورود 80.9
-
Durum
0.12 23.1
ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ 95.9 -
Thriticosecale
0.32 68.86
ﻧﻮﻟا 86.0 -ﺪ Alwand
0.28 53.54
تﻼﻓ 89.5 - Falat
0.20 70.64
84.1 C75-5
0.16 5.97
سﻮﻃ 98.7 - Toos
0.25 52.51
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ 89.2
يور ،يﺮــﺳ ﻦــﯾا رد ﯽﯾارﺎــﮐ
C75-5 زا ﺮــﺘﻤﮐ رﺎﯿــﺴﺑ ،سﻮــﻃ
و ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ زا نآ ﯽﯾاﻮـﻫ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺖﺳا تﻼﻓ
ژ ﻦﯾا زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ يدﺪﻋ ظﺎﺤﻟ توﺎـﻔﺗ يرﺎـﻣآ ظﺎـﺤﻟ زا و هدﻮـﺑ ﺎﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧ
ﺖـﺷاﺪﻧ ﺎـﻫ ﭗﯿﺗﻮﻧژ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ يراد ﯽﻨﻌﻣ .
ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ يور ،ﻦـﯾا ﺮـﺑ هوﻼـﻋ
C75-5 رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد ﺖﺳا مورود ﻪﺑ ﮏﯾدﺰﻧ ماﺪﻧا رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
مورود زا ﺮﺘـﺸﯿﺑ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ،نآ ﯽﯾاﻮﻫ ﺖـﺳا هدﻮـﺑ
. شﻮـﺧ و ﺶﻨـﻣ رﺎـﺘﻔﮔ
نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ) 16 ( يور ﯽﯾارﺎـﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ شراﺰﮔ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺎـﺑ مﺪـﻨﮔ مﺎـﻗرا رد
ﯽﮕﺘـﺴﺒﻤﻫ مﺪـﻨﮔ ﯽـﻧز ﻪـﺠﻨﭘ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد هﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ رد يور ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ . يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺑ
،ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ ﻪ تﺎﻓﻼﺘﺧا
هﺪﻤﻋ نﺎـﯿﻣ يا
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ رد ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﮏﯾ مﺎﻗرا ﯽﺘﺣ ﺎﯾ و ﺎﻫ مﺪﻨﮔ
فﺮـﺼﻣ و بﺬـﺟ رد
دراد دﻮﺟو يور .
ماﺪﮐ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﮏﯾ رد ﻪﮐ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻦﯾا يﺎﻫ مﺮﻫا زا ﮏﯾ
راﺪـﯾﺎﭘ ﺪـﯿﻟﻮﺗ و ﻂﯿـﺤﻣ و نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ﺎﯾ اﺬﻏ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ يﻮﻗ ﺖـﺳا ﺮﯾﺬﭘدﻮﮐ مﺎﻗرا ﺎﯾ آرﺎﮐ مﺎﻗرا بﺎﺨﺘﻧا هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑﺮﺗ .
ﺎـﺑ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ياﺮـﺑ ﺎﻫ نآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ،سﻮﻃ و ﻪﻟﺎﮑﯿﺘﯾﺮﺗ يﻻﺎﺑ ﯽﯾآرﺎﮐ يور
و رﻮﺤﻣ ﺖﻌﯿﺒﻃ يﺎﻫ يﮋﺗاﺮﺘﺳا ﺎﯾ و ﮏﯿﻧﺎﮔرا يﺎﻫ ﺖﺸﮐ رد ﻮـﺟ ﻪﻓﺮﺻ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ،دﻮﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ .
مورود مﺪﻨﮔ ﺖﺸﮐ ﯽﻠﯿﻟد ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﭽﻧﺎﻨﭼ
و ﺪﻧﻮﻟا ﻢﻗر و ﻦﯾﻻ
C75-5 ﻟﻮـﺼﺤﻣ ﻦﺘـﺷاد ياﺮﺑ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ
ﯽ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ ودﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋﺎﺑ
ﯽـﻣاﺰﻟا يور دﻮﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ رد بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
ﺖﺳا .
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
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2- Balali M.R., Malakouti M.J., Khademi Z., and Mashayekhi H.H. 1999.The effects of micronutrients on the increase of yield, and determination of their critical level in irrigated wheat in Iran. Journal of Soil and Water (Special Issue, Wheat), 12(6), 111-119. (In Persian with English abstract).
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Investigation of Zn Use Efficiency and Zn Fertilization Efficiency in Some Genotypes of Wheat
P. Keshavarz1*- M. Forouhar2- M. Dadivar3 Received: 22-04-2015
Accepted: 26-10-2015
Introduction: World cereal demand is growing at the present in accordance with the global expansion of human populations.Bread wheat is the most widely grown cereal grain with 65% (6.5 million hectares) of the total crop cultivated area in Iran. Deficiency of micronutrients in cereal cropping is one of the major worldwide problems. Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants. It plays a key role as a structural constituent or regulatory co-factor of a wide range of different enzymes and proteins in many important biochemical pathways.
Nearly half of the world’s cereal-growing areas are affected by soil zinc deficiency, particularly in calcareous soils of arid and semiarid regions. High pH levels and bicarbonate anion concentration in these soils are the major factors resulting in low availability of Zn. About 40% of the soils, used for wheat production in Iran are Zn-deficient, which results in a decrease in growth and wheat grain yield under field conditions. Although application of zinc fertilizers is a common practice to correct Zn deficiency, growing varieties with high Zn efficiency has been reported to be a more sustainable approach. There is significant genetic variation both within and between plant species in their ability to maintain significant growth and yield under Zn deficiency conditions. Plant response to Zn deficiency and Zn fertilization are two distinct concepts. Knowing about these variations, can be very essential and useful for making correct fertilizer recommendation.
Materials and Methods: In order to investigate Zn efficiency in various wheat genotypes, a factorial experiment as a randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications in agricultural research center of Khorasan razavi (Torough Station), during 2009-2011. Treatments consisted of two levels of Zn fertilizer (0 and 40 kg/h as ZnSO4) and six genotyps of wheat including: three cultivars and one line of bread wheat (Alvand, Falat, Toos, and C75-5 respectively), two species of wheat known as Thriticosecale and Durum. The plot size was 9*3.6 (32.4 m2). Soil fertility status showed 0.05% nitrogen, 7.2 mgkg-1phosphorus, 180 mgkg-1 potassium and 0.52 mgkg-1DTPA extractable zinc. At defined phonological stage (SG6 based on Fix’s Index) Zn concentration in shrub was measured. Also grain yield and Zn uptake by grain were determined at the end of ripening stage. Zinc use efficiency, agronomic efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency were calculated according to “Graham, et al.”, “Craswell and Godwin” and “Raun and Johnson” respectively. Zinc use efficiency can be defined as the ratio of grain yield or shoot dry matter yield produced under Zn deficiency to that produced under Zn fertilization.
Results and Discussion: Grain yield is the most integrative trait of a particular genotype. The results showed that Zn application increased significantly grain yield by 12.61% in comparison with control. This result is supported by Ziayeian and Malakouti (1999). Who reported that Zn application significantly increased the wheat yield (17%). In our research the highest grain yield increase due to Zn application was found in durum wheat (23.5%), and the lowest grain yield increase, were found in Toos cultivar (1.3% yield increase). Cakmak and et al (1997) also obtained more yield with the application of zinc in durum wheat. Application of Zn increased Zn concentration and uptake in grain, 8.6% and 21.5% respectively. Also, application of Zn significantly increased Zn concentration in shoot (36.5%) over the control. Similarly, Moshiri et al (2010) reported increase of Zn concentration in shoot with application of Zn fertilizer. Zn use efficiency in bread wheat genotype, Durum and Thriticosecale wheat was ranked as: Durum < C75-5 < Alvand < Falat < Triticale ~ Toos. The findings of Khoshgoftarmanesh et al (2004) showed that, Durum wheat is Zn inefficient genotype. According to our research results, Toos and Falat cultivars and Thriticosecale have higher efficiency than Alvand and C75-5 cultivars and Durum wheat. The results also suggest that to obtain higher yield in Durum wheat, soil and foliar application of Zn is more necessary in comparison with other genotypes especially Toos and Thriticosecale.
Conclusion: wheat genotypes were different in their response to Zn deficiency and Zn supply. Thriticosecale and Toos were the most Zn efficient genotypes, whereas Durum and C75-5 were the most responding to Zn supply.
1, 2 and 3- Associate Professor and Sientific Staffs of Soil and Water Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran, Respectively
(*- Corresponding Author Email: [email protected])
