ﻪﺑ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺠﻨﻛ ﺖﻤﻴﻨﻏ ﻡﺮﻛﺍﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺓﺩﻭﺮﺳ ،
ﺖﺒﺤﻣ ﺭﺍﺰﻠﮔ
ﺖﺳﺮﺗ ﺮﻴﻤﻟﺍ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧﻑﺭﺎﻋﺕﺎﻘﻴﻠﻌﺗﻭﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣﻭﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻡ2008 ،ﺕﺍﺮﺠﮔ ،ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺗ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻯﺮﻳﺮﺒﺋﻻ .ﺹ137+128ﮓﻧﺮﻴﻧ
ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﺓﺪﻨﻳﺍﺮﺳ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺠﻨﻛ ﺖﻤﻴﻨﻏ ﻡﺮﻛﺍﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﺑﺖﺒﺤﻣ ﺭﺍﺰﻠﮔ
ﻡﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻯﺍ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ،ﻖﺸﻋ
ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﺠﻨﭘ ﻰﻘﺸﻋ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺁ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ پﺎﭼ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻰﻗﺎﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻚﻳ ﻂﻘﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ پﺎﭼ ﻰﻓﻭﺮﺣ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﻤﻴﺴﻛﺎﻓ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻕ1130 ﺭﺩ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﺏﺍﺩﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺏﺎﺠﻨﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻡﺍﻮﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬـﻴﻧﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻧﺪﻴﺷﻮﻧ ﻰﻣﺎﺳﺍ ﻭ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻡﻮﺳﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻰﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻃ ﻭ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻤﻴﻨﻏ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﻧﺎﺧﺎ ّﺴﻧ ﺖﻣﺬﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺐﻟﺎﺟ ﻯﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ (103 ﺹ) .ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻒﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻜﺗﺮﻣ ﻰﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺩﺡﺪــﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻛ ﺓﻮـﻜﺷ ﻢـﻳﻮﮕﻧ ﺡﺪﻣ ﺶﻧﺍﺩﺮﮔ ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﻞﺧﺩ ﻪﺑ
ﻰﺟﺎﭘ ﺩﺮﻣ ﻢﺷﺍﺮﺗ ﺮﮔ ﺵﻮﺠﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻰﺟﺎﺗ ﺩﺮﻣ ﺪﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﺶﻔﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ
،
ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺒﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﮔﺭﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
،ﻢﻗ ،ﻱﺮﺋﺎﺣ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺒﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﮔﺭﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺦﻴﺷ ﺵﺭﺎﮕﻧ .ﺵ1386 ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺮﺋﺎﺧﺫ ﻊﻤﺠﻣ ﻲﺼﺼﺨﺗ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻣ ،ﺪﻧﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻱﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺩﺮﻛﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﺮﺋﺎﺧﺫ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻴﺠﻳﺩ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺔﻴﻬﺗ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺩﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺮﺗ ﻢﻛ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻭ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻲﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻭ ﻲﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻚﭼﻮﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻭ ﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻱﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻪﻛ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺍﺪﺑ ﻲﻧﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺒﻧ ﺎﻨﺘﻋﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺯﺍﻭ ﺪﻫﺩ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺴﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﻧﺍﺩﺮﮔ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ،ﻲﻳﻮﺳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺖﻳﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ،ﺪﻨﻛ ﺐﻠﺟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﮔﺭﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺦﻴﺷ ﺝﺎﺣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ 154 ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ (ﻢﻗ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ) ﻱﺮﺋﺎﺣ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺒﻬﺑ ﻱﺎﺟ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ( ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻭ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻚﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻋﺍ) ﺲﻳﻮﻨﺘﺳﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻲﻧﺎﮔﺭﺍ ﻱﺎﻗﺁ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻲﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓﻱﺍﺮﺑ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺬﺘﻣ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺔﭼﺎﺒﻳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺸﻳﺍ ﻪﻜﻧﺎﻨﭼ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺭﻮﻜﺷﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﺪﻴﺳ ﻯﺎﻗﺁ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ ﺯﺍﺭﺎﻛﻦﻳﺍ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺒﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻩﻮﻴﺷ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻱﻭﺮﻴﭘ ،ﺪﻧﺮﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ «ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ» ﻭ «ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ» ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ،«ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ» ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ،ﻡﺍﺪﻛﺮﻫ ﻥﺪﻧﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ،ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻴﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﻲﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،[ﺭﺎﺛﺁ] ﻲﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺒﺗﺎﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﺹﺎﺨﺷﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻲﺑﺎﻳﺯﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﻭﺰﻓﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﺑ ﻪﻨﻜﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻱﺎﺟ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﺍﺭ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
ﺹ.ﻉ
ﻪﻤﻃﺎﻓ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﻞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻰﻗﻮﺷ ،
ﺪﻴﺠﻣ ﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﺲﻠﻃﺍ
،ﺵ1386 ،ﻰﻠﭘﺎﭘ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﻰﺤﺘﻓ ﻪﻨﻳﺯ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ،ﻰﻗﻮﺛﻭ .ﺹ240 ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﻔﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﺲﻠﻃﺍ» :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﻴﻟﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻰﻟﻭ ؛«ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ :ﺪﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ ﻰﺸﺨﺑ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ،ﺪﻴﺠﻣ ﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻳﺎﻬﺸﺨﺑ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻢﻬﻓ ﻭ ﻙﺭﺩ .ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ ﻭ ﺐﻴﺠﻋ ًﺎﻨﻤﺿ ﻭ ﺐﻟﺎﺟ ﺕﺎﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺭﺎﺘﻔﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ» ﻪﻛ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﺴﻜﻋ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ» ﻭ «ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻰﺗﺍﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻥﺁ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﺎﻳ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿﺍ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻟﻭ ،ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ .«ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑﺮﻋ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﺘﺑ ﻰﮔﺪﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺘﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ ﻭ ﺮﺗﺍﻮﺗ ،ﻥﺍﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻦﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺎﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻭ ﻰﻣﺎﺳﺍ ﻯﻭﺎﺣ ﺕﺎﻳﺁ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺭﻮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺍﻮﻗﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻉﺎﺟﺭﺍ (ﺹ) ﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻯﺎﻬﮕﻨﺟ .ﺪﻳﺁ ﻰﻣ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻰﺿﺍﺭﺍ ،ﺏﺎﺤﺻﺍ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﻠﺻﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﺁ ﻯﺎﺟ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﺬﺧﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﻨﻣ ،ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ،ﺕﺎﻘﺤﻠﻣ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻯﺎﻬﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺹﺎﺨﺷﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻧ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺳﻼﮔ ﺬﻏﺎﻛ ﻯﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻤﻫ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺔﻴﻬﺗ ﻭ ﺖﺳﻻﺎﺑ ﺶﺘﻤﻴﻗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻭ پﺎﭼ ﻰﻨﻓ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﻅﺎﺤﻟ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻊﻗﻮﺗ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻯﺎﻬﺒﻧﺍﺮﮔ ﺬﻏﺎﻛ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ .ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻥﺁ پﺎﭼ ﺮﺑ ﻯﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧﻰﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﺯﻭﺮﻬﺷ
،ﻰﻣﺩﺎﻛﺍ ﺏﺭﻮﭘ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ،
ﻥﺎﺘﺳﻭﺪﻨﻫ ﻥﺎﻐﻣﺭﺍ
.ﺹ214 ،ﻡ2008 ،ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﻭﺪﻨﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻡ1988 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﻣﺎﻧﺮﻔﺳ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ــ ﻰﻠﻫﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺮﮕﻴﻠﻋ ــ «ﺪﻨﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻰﻄﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ»پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﻫﻻ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ًﺍﺪﻌﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﻥﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺪﻳﺩ ﺪﻨﻫ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻧﺍﻭﺮﻴﺷ ﻥﺎﺧ ﷲﺍ ﺖﻤﺣﺭ ﺏﺍﻮﻧ ﺩﺰﻧ ،ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻰﻠﻫﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﻧﺎﺛ ﻦﺴﺣ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ ﻭ ﻩﺮﮕﻴﻠﻋ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﻤﻠﺴﻣ ﻯﺎﻫﺎﻨﺑ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺩﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ،ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﻰﻄﺧ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ
ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺪﻨﻫ ﺯﺎﺘﻤﻣ ﺱﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﻴﺒﺘﻛ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ،ﺮﺧﺁ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻳﺬﻧ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻰﻳﺎﺴﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍءﺎﻴﺿ ﺯﺍ ﺮﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﻄﺧ ،ﺪﻤﺣﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻰﻄﺧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻤﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺪﻳﺩ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺸﺨﺑ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ــ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ــ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺪﻨﻫ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﺱﺎﺒﻋ ﻦﺴﺣﺪﻴﺳ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻤﺣﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻇ ﻢﻴﻜﺣ ﻥﻮﭽﻤﻫ .ﻩﺮﻴﻏ ﻭ ﻰﻗﻭﺭﺎﻓ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻧ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻭ ﻰﻗﻭﺭﺎﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﺣﺮﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﺷ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻭﺩﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﻔﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ
ﻲﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻱﺰﻳﺮﻬﻣ ﻱﺪﻬﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،
ﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ
پﺎﭼ ،ﺚﻳﺪﺤﻟﺍﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻢﻗ ،ﻢﻫﺪﻔﻫ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ،ﻲﻳﻮﺧ ﻲﻳﺍﺭﺪﺻ .ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻲﺑﺮﻋ ،ﺹ 570 ،ﺵ 1386 ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻪﻛ ــﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ
ﻢﻫﺪﻔﻫ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻦﻬﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﺿﺮﻋ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ًﺍﺮﻴﺧﺍ ــ ﺖﺳﺍ ،ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ :ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺮﻳﺯ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺭﺎﻴﺧﻻﺍ ﺐﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺒﺧﻻﺍ ﻥﻮﻴﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣﺭﺎﺒﺧﻻﺍ ﻥﻮﻴﻋ
ﺯﺍ ﻱﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ،(35ـ9 ﺹ) ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ (480 ﻡ) ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻐﺑ ﻒﻳﺮﺷ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﻦﺘﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﻲﻘﻟﺎﺧ ﻱﺩﺎﻫ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ (261ـ214 ﺹ) ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﭘﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﻢﻫﺪﻔﻫ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻚﻨﻳﺍ ﻭ ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﺳﺭ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻧﺎﮔ ﻞﻬﭼ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻢﻫﺩﺰﻴﺳ ﻭ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ــ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ (ﺹ) ﻡﺮﻛﺍ ﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻋﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ــ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻟﺍ» .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﺿﺮﻋ ﻢﻈﻋﺍ ﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺖﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﻢﻫﺩ ﻥﺮﻗ) ﻲﻧﺍﺮﺤﺑ ﻩﺮﻴﺸﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻲﻴﺤﻳ ﺯﺍ «ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍﻭ ﻢﻜﺤﻟﺍ (183ـ37ﺹ) ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ (ﻯﺮﺠﻫ ﻪﻛ ﻱﻮﺒﻧ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻱﺪﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺪﺻ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻦﻳﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻑﺮﺣ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ،ﺏﺎﺑ ﻲﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺒﻣﺎﻴﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻞﻬﭼ «ﻪﻴﻧﺎﻋﺩﻮﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻌﺑﺭﻻﺍ» .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﻮﺒﻧ ﻪﺒﻄﺧ ﻞﻬﭼ ﺯﺍ (ﻕ494 ﻡ) ﻲﻠﺻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻋﺩﻭ ﻦﺑﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺁ ﻱﻮﻐﻟ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﺡﺮﺷ ،ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭ ﺡﺮﺷ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ .(306ـ185ﺹ) ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﻲﻘﺗﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻦﻴﻌﺑﺭﺍ ﺡﺮﺷ ﺯﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻱﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺩﺍﻮﺟﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ (ﻕ1299 ﻡ) ﻭ ﻥﺎﻔﻟﺆﻣ ،ﻞﺋﺎﺳﺭ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .(543ـ493ﺹ) ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﺸﻴﻤﻫ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ،ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺮﺗﺎﻓﺩ ﻥﺎﺤﺤﺼﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ
:ﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﻠﻔﻏ ﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻦﺘﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ «ﺓﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ»
ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ًﺎﺗﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﻲﻨﺳ ﻲﻔﻟﺆﻣ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺝﺭﺩ ،ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ
ﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ
ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ «ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻦﻴﻌﺑﺭﺍ» ﻭ «ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍ» ،ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ .ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﻱﻭﺮﻫ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺗﺎﺒﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﻪﻌﻄﻗﺩﻮﺧ ﺔﻔﻴﻇﻭ ﻪﻛ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺭﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻧ ،ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻭ ﺮﺼﺘﺨﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻱﺎﻴﺣﺍ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ» ﺍﺭ ﻲﻌﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ ،ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ «ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻚﻳ ﻢﺠﺣ ﺪﺳﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺔﺘﺴﻳﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻪﻧ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺭﺍﺬﮔﺍﻭ ﺕﻼﺠﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻱﺭﺎﻛ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﺎﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ» ﺓﺭﺎﺑﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ .
ﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ
(475ـ441ﺹ) «ﺏﺍﻮﺑﻻﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺖﺒﺜﻳ ﻢﻟ ﺖﺳﺍﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴﻟﺍﺮﻔﺳ
ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ ،ﻥﺁ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﭼ ،(450ـ446 ،442ﺹ :ﻚﻧ) ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ؟ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ «ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻦﻬﻛ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻱﻮﺒﻧ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﺍ» ﺎﻬﻨﻳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ (439 ـ309ﺹ) ﺵﻮﻫﺩﺍﺯ ﺎﺿﺭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻦﺘﻣ 46 ﺯﺍ ﻱﻮﺒﻧ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﺍﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ
ﺭﺩ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻜﻨﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻑﺮﺻ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ) ﺎﻴﻧ ﻱﺭﺪﺻ ﺮﻗﺎﺑ ﺓﺩﺭﻭﺁﺩﺮﮔﻲﻧﺎﻓﺮﻋ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺭﻮﺛﺄﻣ
ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻱﺪﻨﻣ ﺩﻮﺳ ﺽﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ (ﺵ1381 ،ﺵﻭﺮﺳ ﻲﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻳﺁ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻛ ﻱﺎﻫ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺔﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻌﻧﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ ؟ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﺯﺍ ،ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻳﺩﺮﺗ ﻲﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺖﻳﺎﻋﺭ .ﺖﺳﺎﻛ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧﻲﺒﻳﺩﺍ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
،ﻯﺭﺫﺁ ﺪﻤﺤﻤﻧﺎﺧ ﻰﻴﺤﻳ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،
ﻯﻭﺮﻫ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
،ﻝﻭﺍ پﺎﭼ ،ﺭﺎﺸﻓﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺕﺎﻓﻮﻗﻮﻣ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ .ﺹ587 ،ﺵ1386 ﺪﻟﻮﺘﻣ ﻕ841 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻌﻴﺷ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻯﻭﺮﻫ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺮﺷ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺠﻳﺎﺑﺭﺫﺁ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺪﻣ ﻭﺍ .ﺪﺷ ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺧ) ﺢﺗﺎﻓ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﻓﺭ ﻡﻭﺭ ﻪﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ ﻭ ﺩﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ .ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺎﺣﺍﺪﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﻮﻴﭘ (ﻰﻧﺎﻤﺜﻋ ﺶﻜﺸﻴﭘ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﻕ880 ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺶﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺔﭼﺎﺒﻳﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﻉﻮﻨﺼﻣ ﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ .ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﺡﺪﻣ ،ﻝﻮﺳﺭ ﺖﻌﻧ ،ﺕﺎﺟﺎﻨﻣ ﻯﻭﺎﺣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻡﻮﺳ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻒﻠﻜﺘﻣ ﻭ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻏ ،ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻄﻗ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺝﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺩﺮﻔﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻋﺎﺑﺭﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ .ﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ ﻢﺸﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﺔﻤﻴﻗﺮﺗ ﻯﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ ﻭ ﻰﻛﺮﺗ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻏ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻕﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺖﻗﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ
ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻰﻧﺎﻗﺎﺧ ،ﻯﺭﻮﻧﺍ ﻭﺮﻴﭘ ﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﺖﻴﻌﺒﺗ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ ﻭ ﻯﺪﻌﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻝﺰﻏ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺟﻭﺎﺳ ﻥﺎﻤﻠﺳ ،ﻕ880 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺑ ،ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﻈﻨﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻟﺎﺳ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻪﻴﻨﻄﻨﻄﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺪﺠﻤﻟﺍ ﺙﺎﻴﻏ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﺴﻧ ﺔﻴﻓﻮﺻ ﺎﻳﺍ ﺓﺯﻮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻣ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺁ ﺲﻳﻮﻨﺘﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ 3958 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻟﺎﺗﺭﺍ ﺖﻤﻜﺣ ﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳﺍ 1948 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺎﻤﻀﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺩﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻙﺮﺗ ،ﺪﻟﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻴﻟﺎﺗﺭﺍ .ﺪﻧﺎﺳﺭ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ،ﻯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻭ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﺕﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ،ﺕﻼﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﻰﻧﺍﺪﻨﭼ ﺓﺭﺎﺷﺍ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﺱﺎﺳﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻥﺎﻴﻟﺎﺗﺭﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻪﺑ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺐﺗﺎﻛ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻯﺎﻳﺎﻄﺧ ﻯﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻰﺴﻳﻮﻧﺯﺎﺑ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻰﺳﺎﻴﻗ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﻯﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻯﻭﺮﻫ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﻭ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﺏﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻯﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻥﺎﺸﺼﻠﺨﺗ ﻪﻛ ﻢﺸﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .ﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﻰﻣ
ﻰﺒﺣﺎﺻ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ
ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ﻭ ﻯﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ
.ﺹ240 ،ﻡ2008 ،ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻣﺩﺎﻛﺍ ﺏﺭﻮﭘ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ/ﻕ1403ـ1325) ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﺷﺪﻴﺳ ﺮﮔﺎﻴﺣﺍ ،ﻒﻴﻧﺎﺼﺘﻟﺍﺮﻴﺜﻛ ﻥﺎﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ (ﻡ1983ـ1907 ﺮﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻰﮔﺪﻧﺯ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻖﺷﺎﻋ ﻭ ﻦﻬﻛ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳﺎﻧ ﻯﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﻭ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻭ ﺓﺪﻨﻛﺍﺮﭘ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻭﺍ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﺿﺮﻋ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﺑ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺩﺮﮔ ﺶﻳﻻﺍﻭ ﺖﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﻛﺎﻴﻧ ﺖﻣﺎﻗﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻳﺎﻬﻟﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ،ﻯﻭﺰﻨﻣ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺖﻤﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺯﺍ ،ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﻝﺎﭘ ﻦﻫﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺪﻳﺩ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺮﺛﺍ 220 ﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﻓﺭ ﺭﻮﻫﻻ ﻭ (ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ﻩﺎﮔﺩﺍﺯ) ،ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻯﺎﻬﻧﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ (ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ،ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺗ) ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﻰﺑﺩﺍ ،ﻰﻨﻳﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺑﺎﺠﻨﭘ ﻭ ﻭﺩﺭﺍ ،ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻚﻳ ﻚﻳ ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ﻢﻠﻗ ﻪﺑ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﺡﺮﺷ .1 :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .2 ؛ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ .3 ؛ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ ﻭ ﻯﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻢﻠﻗ .ﻯﺩﺪﺠﻣ ﻝﺎﺒﻗﺍ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻢﻠﻗ ﻪﺑ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﺲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﺖﺒﺤﺻ ﻭ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﺩﺍﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺰﻐﻧ ﻥﺎﻨﺨﺳ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻭﺩﺭﺍ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﻓﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺮﺑ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ
،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ،ﻡﻭﺩ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ،
ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ
،ﺵ1386 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﺭﺎﺸﻓﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺕﺎﻓﻮﻗﻮﻣ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ .ﺹ775 ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺓﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﻛ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ 27 ﺓﺪﻧﺮﻴﮔﺮﺑﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻓﺮﻋ ،ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﻣ ،ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻦﻬﻛ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻳﺎﻫ ﻞﺼﻓ .1 :ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟﻦﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﺷﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻔﺤﺗ
ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻞﻳﺫ .2 ،ﺦﻠﺑ ﻞﻳﺎﻀﻓ ﺔﺘﻓﺎﻳﻮﻧﺕﺎﻗﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻻﺍ ﺕﺁﺮﻣ
ﺯﺍ ﻰﻠﺼﻓ .3 ،ﻦﻴﺤﻟﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺎﻜﺣ
،ﺲﻧﻻﺍ ﻖﻳﺍﺪﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺱﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻧ
ﺯﺍ ﻰﺗﺎﺳﺎﺒﺘﻗﺍ .4 ،ﺭﺎﺒﺧﻻﺍ
ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﺦﻴﺷ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ .6 ،ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﺮﻴﺧ
ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺘﻤﺴﻗ .5 .8 ،ﺲﻳﺎﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻣ
ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﺓﺪﻳﺰﮔﺮﺑ .7 ،ﻯﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﻰﻧﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻞﺼﻓ .9 ،ﺎﻨﻴﺳ ﻰﻠﻋﻮﺑ ﺦﻴﺷ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻭ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭﺔﻣﺰﻣﺯ
.10 ،ﻒﻳﺍﺮﻇ ﺔﻨﻴﻔﺳ ﻭ ﻒﻳﺎﻄﻟ
ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﻣ .12 ،(ﺭﺍﺮﺣﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ)ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ
.11 ،(ﻰﻘﻴﺳﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ)ﺕﺪﺣﻭ
ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﺷ ﺎﻧﻻﻮﻣ ﻥﺎﻨﺨﺳ .13 ،(ﺭﺍﺮﺣﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﺧ) ﻪﻴﺋﺍﺭﻮﺣ ﺱﺍﻮﻗ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺯﺕﺎﻇﻮﻔﻠﻣ
.14 ،ﻰﺣﻭﺭ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻄﻠﺳ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺤﻓﺎﺼﻣ ﺩﺎﻨﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ .15 ،ﻰﻓﺍﻮﺧ ﻰﺨﻠﺑ ﻰﻗﺎﺒﻟﺍﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺤﻓﺎﺼﻣ ﺩﺎﻨﺳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ .16 ،ﻰﻬﺑﻭﺍ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ .18 ،ﺭﺍﺮﺳﺍ ﺮﺤﺑ
ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ .17 ،ﺵﻮﭘ ﺱﻼﭘ ﺮﻓﺎﻛ ﺔﻔﻳﺎﻃ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ .19 ،ﺮﻬﻨﻟﺍءﺍﺭﻭﺎﻣ ﺩﻼﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻠﺒﻗ .21 ،ﻯﺯﻮﻣﺎﻛ ﻥﺍﺮﻓﺎﻛ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ .20 ،ﺵﻮﭘ ﻩﺎﻴﺳ .24 ،ﻞﺑﺎﻛ ﻞﺼﻓﺭﺎﻬﭼ .23 ،ﷲﺍ ﻝﻮﺳﺭ ﺔﻴﻠﺣ .22 ،ﺪﻨﻫ ﺮﺑﺎﻘﻣ .ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ﻯﺮﭘ
.26 ،ﻪﺒﻴﻃ ﺓﺮﺠﺷ
.25 ،ﻦﻳﺰﺣ ﺦﻴﺷﺕﺎﻌﻗﺭ
ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺘﻔﮔ 33 ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ،ﻑﺭﺎﻋ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ
ﻝﻭﺍ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺵ1381 ﺭﺩ ﺮﺷﺎﻧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺍﺭ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ.ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﻠﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺓﺮﮕﻨﻛ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ
،ﺩﺍﺯ ﺡﺮﻓ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ،(ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ)ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ
.ﺹ2496 ،ﺵ1387 ،ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ .ﺖﺷﺍﺬﮔ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺔﺻﺮﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺎﭘ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺓﺰﺠﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﻯﺎﻬﺘﻴﺻﺎﺧ ﺯﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻡﻼﻛ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﺲﻴﺳﺄﺗ ؛ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ،ﻁﻮﻄﺧ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﻢﻴﻟﺎﻗﺍ ﻭ ﻭ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻪﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻭ ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ،ﺐﻳﺬﻬﺗ ،ﺪﻴﻠﺠﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻥﻮﻨﻓ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ .ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ ﻰﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﻰﻠﻠﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻯﺍ ﻩﺮﮕﻨﻛ ،ﺱﺪﻘﻣ ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺵ1374 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺪﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺁ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﻯﻮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ .ﺪﺷ ﺭﺍﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺪﻤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ پﺎﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺰﺠﻣ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﭘ ﺶﻳﺎﻤﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺤﻠﻣ ﻭ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻴﺳﺭ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻩﺩﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻯﻭﺎﺣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺩﺎﻳ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻯﺪﻬﻣﺪﻤﺤﻣ /ﺮﺸﺑ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ .1 /ﻪﻤﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﺖﻴﺑ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺶﻘﻧ .2 ؛ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﺲﻤﺷ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻯﺮﻜﻓ ﺭﻭﺮﺗ ﻰﻧﺎﺑﺮﻗ ،ﻰﻧﻭﺮﻴﺑ .3 ؛ﻦﻣﺆﻤﻟﺍ ﺮﻴﻣﻻﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻰﻳﺎﻳﻼﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻙﺪﻧﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﭘ .4 ؛ﻯﺩﺎﻬﻟﺍ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ/ﻯﻮﻧﺰﻏ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ؛ﻯﺪﺳﻻﺍ ﻢﺷﺎﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ /ﺖﻓﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻝﻮﻐﻣ ﺵﺭﻮﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ) ﻰﻧﺎﻨﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﺣﺍ /ﻩﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻯﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ .5 ﻒﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ گﺭﺰﺑ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻰﺼﺨﺷ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ .6 ؛(ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻦﺨﺳ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺎﻤﻋ ﻰﻨﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ .7 ؛ﻥﺎﻳﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﺱﺭﺎﻓ /ﺩﺎﺒﻋ ﻦﺑﺍ ﺐﺣﺎﺻ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ .8 ؛ﻦﻴﻣﻻﺍ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻴﺴﻟﺍ :ﺲﻠﺑﺍﺮﻃ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺒﺠﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ /ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ /ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﻭ ﻥﺁﺮﻗ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺶﺒﻨﺟ .9 ؛ﻰﻋﺎﻓﺮﻟﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺖﺧﺎﻨﺷ .10 ؛ﻪﻋﺎﻓﺭ ﻢﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍ /ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻯﺎﻬﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻪﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .11 ؛ﻯﺯﺍﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﺮﺸﺒﻣ ﷲﺍﺮﺼﻧ ؛ﻰﻤﻘﻟﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻧﻻﺍ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻤﺤﻣ /ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻨﻴﺳ ﻦﺑﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ /ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺘﻳﺮﺑ ﺓﺯﻮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﺲﻴﻔﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺲﻳﻮﻨﺘﺳﺩ .12 ﻭ ﺪﻘﻧ ﻯﺎﻬﺷﻭﺭ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ .13 ؛ﻒﺠﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻰﻫﺎﮕﻧ ،ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ ﻯﺎﻴﺣﺍ .14 ؛ﻰﻧﺎﺘﺴﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ /ﻰﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻦﺘﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻢﻬﺳ ﻭ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺮﺸﻧ ،ﻰﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭﺬﮔ ﻭ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ .ﻰﻋﺎﻓﺭ ﺭﺎﺒﺠﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ /ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﻰﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻄﻴﺣ ﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻦﺗﺪﻨﭼ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻰﺘﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﻩﺮﮕﻨﻛ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ،ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻭ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺔﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﻯﺎﻬﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺤﻠﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮﮕﻨﻛ ﺔﻴﻣﺎﺘﺘﺧﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻃﻮﻄﺨﻣ ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻋ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺮﮕﻨﻛ
ﻰﺒﺣﺎﺻ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﺳ
،(ﺕﺎﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻏ ،ﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ)
ﻰﻧﺎﺘﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﺧﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ
ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ،ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ،ﺭﻮﻫﻻ ،ﺏﺎﺠﻨﭘ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﻭﺎﺧ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ .ﺹ456 ،ﻡ2008 ﺭﻮﻬﺸﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻘﻠﻣ ،ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻣ ،ﺪﻴﻌﺳﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ (ﻕ1088 ﺎﻳ 1087ـ1022) ﻰﺸﻳﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﺧﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻬﺠﻫﺎﺷ ﺮﺼﻋ ﺭﺩ (ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻛﺎﭘ) ﻥﺎﺘﻠﻣ ﻯﻮﮔ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻑﻭﺮﻌﻣ ﻥﺎﮔﺩﺍﺰﻫﺎﺷ ﺖﻣﺯﻼﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻰﻧﺎﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻳﺯ ﮓﻧﺭﻭﺍ ﻭ ﻩﻮﻜﺷ ﺍﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺶﺨﺑ ﺩﺍﺮﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻰﻧﺎﻬﺠﻫﺎﺷ ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻟﻭ ،ﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻰﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺖﻳﺭﻮﻣﺎﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺮﺑ ﺮﺳ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﻭﺍ .ﺖﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻯﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺷﻮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺭﺎﺑ :ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﻭﺍ ﺭﻮﺜﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻮﺒﻨﻛ ﺢﻟﺎﺻ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻭ ،ﻕ1071 ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺭﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻕ1063 ﺭﺪﭘ ﻯﺩﻮﻟ ﺪﺠﻣﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺑ ،ﺢﻟﺎﺻ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻤﺗﺎﺧ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺑﻝﺎﻴﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺁﺮﻣ
ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻯﺩﻮﻟ ﻥﺎﺧﺮﻴﺷ ﻰﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ پﺎﭼ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺭﻮﻫﻻ ،ﻊﻴﻔﺷﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻯﻮﻟﻮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻪﺘﻜﻠﻛ ﻝﺎﮕﻨﺑ ﻰﻳﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﻦﻤﺠﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻤﻫ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﻯﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺔﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻏ ،ﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺸﺨﺑ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺍ ﻭ ﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺡﺮﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺡﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﺑ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻄﻘﻣ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻪﺿﺮﻋ ﻭﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻭ ﺮﻌﺷ ﺪﻘﻧ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﻮﮔ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺔﻘﻴﻠﺳ ﺵﻮﺧ ﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻪﻛ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ ﻝﻮﻜﺸﻣ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﺘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺩﺮﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻞﻤﺤﺘﻣ ﻰﻧﺍﻭﺍﺮﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﺣﺯ ،ﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ:ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻡﻼﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻚﻨﻳﺍ ﻥﺎـﺠﻨﺳ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﺮـﻴﻤﺿ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺯﺎﺗ ﺮـﻌﺷ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻰـﻧﺍﻮﺟﻮﻧ ﻥﺍﻭﺍ ﻮﭼ ﻰﺸﺨﺑ ﻁﺎﺸﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺑ
ﺪﻳﺁ ﻰﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﻋﺮﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﮔ ﺮﻫ ﺕﺍﻭﺩ ﻢ ُﺧ ِﺯ ﻰـﻧﺎﻌﻣ ﻰـﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮـﺑ ﻰــﺘﺴﻣ ﻩﺎﻴﺳ ﻢـﻤﻠﻗ
ﺕﻭﻼﺣ ﺓﺮـﻴﺷ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻢـﻜﻠﻛ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺯﺍ ﺪـﻜﭼ ﻰﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﺮﻜﺷ ﻪﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻢﻨﻛ ﻢﻗﺭ ﻮﭼ
ﻢـﻜﻠﻛ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰـﻜﻠﻣ ﺮـﺜﻧ ﻚﻟﺎـﻤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻧﺎﺑﺯﺮﻣ ﻢﺘﺧ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻢـﻈﻧ ﻦﻴﻣﺯ ﻪﺑ
(244 ﺹ)
ﺲﻳﻮﻧ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳﺁ ﻰﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺠﺑ ﻪﺘﻜﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺭﻭﺁﺩﺎﻳ ؛
ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﺔﻣﺎﻨﺸﻧﺍﺩ
ﺭﺩ «ﻰﻧﺎﺘﻟﻮﻣ ﻰﺸﻳﺮﻗ ﻥﺎﺧ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ»،ﻪﺷﻮﻧﺍ ﻦﺴﺣ ﻰﺘﺳﺮﭘﺮﺳ ﻪﺑ) ﻩﺭﺎﻗ ﻪﺒﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ (ﺵ1380 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﺪﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻰﻣ ﻭﺍ ًﻼﺜﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺒﻧ «ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺶﻧﺍﺩ» ﻥﺎﻳﺎﺷ ﺰﮔﺮﻫ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺖﻣﺪﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻴﻤﺟﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻯﺯﻭﺭ ﺪﻨﭼ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﺐﺴﻛ ﺎﻳﺮﻛﺯ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍءﺎﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﺎﻳ ؛ﺪﻴﻧﺍﺭﺬﮔ ﻰﺘﺸﭼ ﺪﻴﻌﺳ ﻦﻴﺑﺎﻣ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﻰﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﺔﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺲﻳﻮﻧ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ .ﺩﺮﻛ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺰﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﻳﺯ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻜﻧ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺭﺍﻮﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﻯﺯﺎﻏ ﻦﺴﺣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻭﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﺎﻳ ﺍﺭ ﻰﺘﺸﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻰﻧﺎﺘﻠﻣ ﻯﺎﻳﺮﻛﺯ ﺓﺮﻴﺒﻧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍءﺎﻬﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺾﻴﻓ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻭ ﺍﺭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺮﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﺷﺍ
ﻰﻫﺎﺷﻮﻧ ﻑﺭﺎﻋ
ﺱﺪﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺁ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺐﺘﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﻡﺪﻘﻣ ﻲﻣﻼﻏ ﻲﻠﻌﺗﺍﺮﺑ ،(ﺭﺎﺒﺧﺍ :26 ﺝ)ﻱﻮﺿﺭ
ﺱﺪﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺁ ﺩﺎﻨﺳﺍ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺯﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ .ﺵ1386 ،ﻱﻮﺿﺭ ﺰﻛﺍﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﻮﺿﺭ ﺱﺪﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺁ ﻱﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ .ﺪﻳﺁ ﻲﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻠﺟ ﻪﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﺕﺍﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﻳﺎﺘﻛﻭﺍ ﻲﻠﻌﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻩﺩﺍﺰﻫﺎﺷ ﻢﻠﻗ ﻪﺑ ﺵ1305 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﺠﻜﻳ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻴﻟﻭﺍ ــ ﻱﺮﻴﺒﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ــ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺏﻮﺴﺤﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺪﻠﺟ ﻪﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻳﺎﺘﻛﻭﺍ ﻡﻮﺣﺮﻣ ،ﺭﺎﮔﺯﻭﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻲﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺓﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﻲﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺮـﺿﺎﺣ ﺪﻠﺟ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻢــﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻲــﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ «ﺭﺎﺒﺧﺍ» ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪــﺨﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪــﺘﻓﺎﻳﺓﻮﻴﺷ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ 1256 ﺪﻠﺟ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻡﺎﻧ» ﺔﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻭﺩ ًﺎﻨﻤﺿ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻋ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻤﻴﻤﺿ ﻥﺍﺪﺑ «ﻥﺎﻔﻗﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺒﺗﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﻧ» ﻭ «ﺹﺎﺨﺷﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ،ﺖﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ پﺎﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﻟﺍﻭﺭ ﻖﺒﻃ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ؛ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺍﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻥﺁ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻧ ،ﺮﺛﺍ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ،ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻦﺘﻣ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻲــﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ ،ﻭﺍ ﻲﮔﺪﻧﺯ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻲـﺗﺎﺤﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻡﻭﺰﻟ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ،ﺎﻫ ﻱﺪــﻨﺑ ﻞﺼﻓ ،ﺮﺛﺍ ﺕﺎﺟﺭﺪــﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻉﻮــﺿﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺼـﺘﺨﻣ ﻪــﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮــﭘ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺩﺭﺍﻮــﻣ ﻭ ﻡﺎــﺠﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ،ﺐﺗﺎﻛ ﻡﺎﻧ ،ﻂﺧ ﻉﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻱﺎﻫ گﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺮـﻄﺳ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ،ﺬﻏﺎﻛ ﻉﻮﻧ ،ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺁ ،ﺪﻠﺟ ،ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ،ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻒﻗﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻦـﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻭ (ﺎﻫ ﻲﮔﺪﻳﺩ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ) ﻪﺨﺴﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍ
ﺹ.ﻉ
ﺪﻴﺳ ،(ﺯ ـ ﺁ :1 ﺝ)
ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺐﺘﻛ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ
ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻲﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ ،ﻢﻗ ،ﻲﺗﺎﺿﻭﺭ ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ .ﺵ1386 ،ءﺍﺮﻫﺰﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﻴﭘ ﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﮔ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻫ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ،ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﻲﻄﺧ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ» ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻲﺗﺎﺿﻭﺭ ﻲﻠﻋﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﺳ ﷲﺍ ﺖﻳﺁ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ «ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺐﺘﻛ ﻭ ﺪﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﻲﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻱﻭﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺵ1341 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺍﺭ (ﺹ 8 + 399) ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ﺪﺻﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺩﺎﺘﺸﻫ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻱﻭﺎﺣ ﻭ .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻲﺗﺎﺿﻭﺭ ﷲﺍ ﺖﻳﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻲﺘﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺪﻠﺟ ًﺍﺮﻴﺧﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﺲﻳﻮﻨﺘﺳﺩ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ.ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺵ1341 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺑﺮﻋ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﻭﺩ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻞﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
457 ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ،ﻲﻠﻌﻓ ﺓﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻲﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻲﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻲﻄﺧ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻦﻳﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻑﺮﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ .ﺪﻫﺩ ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ «ﺍﺯ» ﺎﺗ «ﻒﻟﺍ» ﻑﻭﺮﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻜﻳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﺑ ــ ﻦﺘﻣ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻞﻳﺫ ﻱﺮــﺼﺘﺨﻣ ،ﺖــﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮــﭘ ــ ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺮــﻛﺫ ﻥﺁ ﻲــﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪــﺨﺴﻧ ﺕﺎﺼــﺨﺸﻣ ﺓﺭﺎــﺑﺭﺩ ﺰــﻴﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪــﺷ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ» ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﻛﺬﺘﻣ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻀﻌﺑ ﻭ ﺮﻴﻘﺣ ﺩﺰﻧ ﻲﺧﺮﺑ ،ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺍ ،ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻲﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻱﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻱﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻳﺩ .«ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻗ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﻫ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺨﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺓﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ گﺭﺰﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻱﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺎﺠﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻥﻮﻨﻛﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻝﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻞﻜﺸﻣ ،ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺮﻫ ﻱﺍﺮﺑ ﻁﻮﺴﺒﻣ ِﻲﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻣﺩﻮﺳ ﻲﻌﺒﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻝﺪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﻥﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺝﺭﺪﻨﻣ ﻥﺎﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺟﺍ ﻱﺍ ﻪﻳﺎﻤﻧ
ﺹ.ﻉ
ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ،ﻯﺪﻴﺳ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ،
ﻭﺮﻣ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻯﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ
.ﺹ298 ،ﺵ1386 ،ﺭﺎﺸﻓﺍ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﺕﺎﻓﻮﻗﻮﻣﻊﺑﺭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﻭ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ،ﻪﺣﺍﻭ ،ﺮﻬﺷ ﻚﻳ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻭﺮﻣ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺳ ﺭﺍﺰﻫﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻰﺘﻣﺪﻗ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻭ گﺭﺰﺑ ﻥﺎﺳﺍﺮﺧ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺙﺭﻮﻤﻬﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺁ ﺙﺍﺪﺣﺍ ﻰﻧﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﺮﻴﻃﺎﺳﺍ ﺩﺎﻳ «ﻮﮔﺮﻣ» ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺸﻨﻣﺎﺨﻫ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻴﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻭ
ﺯﺍ ﺲﭘ ﻭ ﺶﻴﭘ ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ،ﻰﻤﻬﻣ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺙﺩﺍﻮﺣ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻯﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ ﻦﻴﻣﺯﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ،ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺍ ﻪﻛ ﻭﺮﻣ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺳﺎﺧﺮﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻊﺑﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻜﻳ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻚﻨﻳﺍ ،ﺪﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻩﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﺳﺍﺮﺧ ﻯﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻨﻤﻛﺮﺗ ﻯﺭﻮﻬﻤﺟ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺍ .ﺩﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻧﺎﺘﺳﺎﺑ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻯﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﻰﻳﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺓﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻙﻼﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻨﻤﻛﺮﺗ ﺭﻮﺸﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻰﻧﻮﻨﻛ ﺓﺩﻭﺪﺤﻣ ﻢﻫ ،ﻭﺮﻣ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻨﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻯﺪﻨﺑ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻢﻫ ﻭ ﺞﻨﭘ ،ﺩﻭﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﻯﺎﻫﺎﺘﺳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﻧ ﻯﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ .ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺲﻴﻏﺩﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺎﺘﺳﻭﺭ ﺞﻨﮔ ،ﻭﺮﻣ ،ﻩﺩ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺪﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻞﺧﺪﻣ 715 ﻭ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻦﻬﻛ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻉﺎﺟﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺮﻬﻧ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ،ﻥﺁ ﺩﻭﺭ ،ﻭﺮﻣ ﻰﺨﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻯﺎﻴﻓﺍﺮﻐﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻝﻮﺼﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺁ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺯﺍﻭﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻭﺮﻣ ﻯﺎﻫﺮﻬﺷ ،ﺮﻬﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺕﺎﻴﺣ ،ﻥﺁ ﺭﺍﻮﺠﻤﻫ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ،ﻭﺮﻣ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ﻯﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻭ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ .ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻦﺨﺳ ﻭﺮﻣ ﻯﺎﻬﻫﺍﺮﻫﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻭﺮﻣ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﻧﺎﺑﺎﻴﺑ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻦﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﻝﻮﺼﻓ ﻞﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻢﻬﻧ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ،ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻭﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ
ﺹ.ﻡ
ﻰﺟﺎﻧ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻪﺑ ،
ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ
پﺎﭼ ،ﻰﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﻯﺎﻬﺸﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ﻯﺩﺎﺑﺁﺮﺼﻧ .ﺹ443 ،ﺵ1378 ،ﻝﻭﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻡﻼﺳﺍ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﻥﺎﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﺖﺷﻮﻧﺩﻮﺧ ﻰﻳﺎﻬﺘﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺐﺘﻛ ﻭ ،ﻰﻧﻭﺮﻴﺑ ﻥﺎﺤﻳﺭﻮﺑﺍ ،ﻰﻨﺟ ﻦﺑﺍ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺣﻦﺑﺮﺑﺎﺟ ؛ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ .ﺖﺴﻧﺍﺩ ﻪﺘﺳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻰﻴﺤﻣ ﻢﻫﺩﺯﺎﻳ ﻥﺮﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻴﻣﺎﻣﺍ گﺭﺰﺑ ﻢﻟﺎﻋ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ
:ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﻥﻭﺪﻣ ﺵﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻪﺳ ،ﻯﺮﺠﻫ 41 ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺖﺷﻮﻧ 1067 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻴﺘﺴﺨﻧ 1089 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .ﺩﻮﻤﻧ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺮﺛﺍ 115 ﻰﻠﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻯﻭﺎﺣ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ؛ﺩﺮﻛ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺗ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﻤﻈﻧ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺮﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﺐﺗﺮﻣ ﻩﮋﻳﻭ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻣﺍ ،ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻠﻣﺎﻛ .ﺩﺭﻮﺧ ﻰﻤﻧ ﻢﺸﭼ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺖﺴﺨﻧ ﻰﺤﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﻛ ﺩﺭﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﺤﺗ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻪﺋﺍﺭﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ 2099 (1) ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺪﻨﻣ ﻩﺮﻬﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻭ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺘﺴﻧ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻕ1101 ،ﻢﻫﺩﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﻭ ﻢﻫﺩﺰﻴﺳ ﻥﻭﺮﻗ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺑ ﻝﺪﺑ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻪﺳ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻯﺍﺮﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻰﺘﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻕ1090 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﻦﺨﺳ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺪﺻ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺷﻮﻧ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻡﻮﺳ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺭ ،ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺞﻨﭘ ﺱﺪﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺳﺁ 7839 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ 6836 (20) ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ،(ﻕ1090 ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺎﺑ) ،(ﻕ1281 ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻭ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺑ) ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ ﻰﮕﻨﺳ پﺎﭼ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻚﻳ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺭ ﺭﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻯﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺓﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑﺭﺩ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻥﻭﺰﻓﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﻢﻠﻗ ﺭﺩ .ﺪﻨﻛ ﻰﻣ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻭ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ،ﺮﺛﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ،ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻥﻭﺪﻣ ﻰﻳﺎﺒﻔﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻠﺟ ﺪﺼﺸﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻢﻫﺍﺮﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺸﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﺷﺎﻛ ﺾﻴﻓ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ،ﺵﺭﺎﮕﻧ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ،ﻯﺪﻨﺑ ﺶﺨﺑ ،ﻡﺎﻧ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﻦﺨﺳ ﺾﻴﻓ ﻯﺎﻬﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻭ ﻡﺎﺠﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ .ﺩﺮﻴﮔ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺾﻴﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺏﻮﺴﻨﻣ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺲﭙﺳ
ﻰﺒﺣﺎﺻ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺪﻴﺳ
ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ
ﻯﺮﺘﻛﺩ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ :(ﻝﻭﺍ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ)
1ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳﺍ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ
ﻭ ﺏﺩﺍ ﺔﻄﻴﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻤﺷﺯﺭﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻥﺎﻴﻨﻴﺸﻴﭘ ﺏﻮﺘﻜﻣ ﺙﺍﺮﻴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ .ﺩﻭﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﺎﺑ .ﺩﺯﺎﺳ ﻰﻣ ﺎﻨﺷﺁ ﻰﻨﻏ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻢﻴﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻣ ﻪﺘﺳﺍﺭﺁ ﻊﺒﻃ ﺔﻴﻠﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻪﻛ ﻪﺷﻮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻯﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻰﺑ ﺦﺴﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺯﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺴﻳﺎﺷ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﻡﺎﻨﻤﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻥﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧﺍﺩ ،ﻰﻣﺍﺮﮔ ﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻕﻮﺳ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻛﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺎﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻟﺎﺧ ﻢﻫ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻳﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻯﺭﻭﺎﻨﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺗﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺺﺼﺨﺘﻣ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﺪﻴﺗﺎﺳﺍ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﺪﺷﺭﺍ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷﺭﺎﻛ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ ،ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ .ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺩﺎﺠﻳﺍ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﺔﺘﺷﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻥﻮﺘﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ،ﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺭﺍﻮﻣ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ًﺎﻋﻮﻧ .ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻰﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺖﻣﻭﺎﻘﻣ ﻰﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻯﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻰﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻭ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﺐﺒﺳ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻩﺯﻮﺣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻳﺎﻫﺭﺎﻛ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻰﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻰﻟﺎﻤﺟﺍ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺧﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺖﺒﺛ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻩﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻡﺎﻤﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺮﻧ ﻡﺎﻤﺗﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺩﺍ ﺓﺪﻜﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺯﺍ
ﺩﺎﺷﺭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺸﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ؛ﺮﺒﻛﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻰﻧﺍﺭﺍﺩ ﻯﺪﻤﺣﺍ .1 ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺠﺨﻧ ﻰﺸﻨﻣ ﺲﻤﺷ ﺮﺛﺍ ،ءﺎﺸﻧﻻﺍ ﻰﻓ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ؛ﻰﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﺮﺼﻧ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻯﺮﻫﺎﻈﻣ ﺪﻴﺸﻤﺟ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻯﺩﺮﺠﺘﺳﺩ ﻝﺎﺤﺷﻮﺧ ﻩﺮﻫﺎﻃ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ .ﺹ 258 ،ﺵ1386 ،2032 ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ،ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﻭ ﺖﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺓﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ
ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ
،ﻩﺎﺷﻭﺪﻨﻫ ﻦﺑﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻭ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺠﺨﻧ ﻩﺎﺷﻭﺪﻨﻫ ،ﻦﻳﻭﺎﻨﻋ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻘﻟﺍ ،ﻥﺁ ﺖﻴﻤﻫﺍ ﻭﺩﺎﺷﺭﻻﺍ
،ﺐﺗﺍﺮﻤﻟﺍ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻰﻓ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺵﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻰﻜﺒﺳ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻰﮔﮋﻳﻭ ﺏﺎﺑ ،ﻞﺼﻓ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺏﺎﺑ ،ﻞﺼﻓ ﺩﺎﺘﻔﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺏﺎﺑ،ﻰﻨﻳﺩ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺏﺮﺿ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺖﻔﻫ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ ﻡﻮﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺎﻐﻤﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺏﺎﺑ ،ﻞﺼﻓ ﻩﺩﺰﻧﺎﺷ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻯﺯﺎﻌﺗ ﻭ ﻰﻧﺎﻬﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻧﺍﻮﺧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﺏﺎﺑ ،ﻞﺼﻓ ﺖﻔﻫ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻞﺼﻓ ﻚﻳ ﻭ ﺖﺴﻴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻟﺎﻤﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻧﺁﺮﻗ ﺕﺎﻳﺁ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻩژﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺩﺎﻳ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ،ﻰﻧﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺕﺎﺣﻼﻄﺻﺍ ،ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺮﻌﺷ ،ﻝﺎﺜﻣﺍ ،ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﺍ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﻬﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ
ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ
ﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ 3341 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺩ 194 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻢﻠﻴﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﻭ ﻝﻮﺒﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﻯﺪﻨﻓﺍ ﺪﻌﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺷ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺭﺍﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻯﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ 742 ﻭ 471 ﻯﺎﻫ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺯﺍ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﺸﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ؛ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ،ﻩﺩﺍﺯ ﻞﻴﻋﺎﻤﺳﺍ .2 ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻧﻼﻴﮔ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺲﻴﻘﻠﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻯﺮﻔﺻﺎﺑﺎﺑ ﺮﻐﺻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺭﻮﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ .ﺹ 535 ،ﺵ1387 ،ﻰﺗﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ .ﻩﺩ ﻭ ﺪﺼﻜﻳ ﺎﺗ ﻚﻳ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ :ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻢﻫﺩﺯﺎﻳ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻧﻼﻴﮔ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻞﻀﻔﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻛ ﻰﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﺭﺩ .ﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﺷﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻯﺎﻤﻧ ﻭ ﻮﺸﻧ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﺮﺠﻫ ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﻛﺭﻮﮔ ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻓﺭ ﺪﻨﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺕﺭﺎﺠﺗ ﺔﺸﻴﭘ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺯﺍ .ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺕﺎﻓﻭ ﻕ1028 ﺭﺩ ﻰﻧﻼﻴﮔ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ .ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ ﺮﻴﻣﺍ
ﺔﻣﺎﻧ ﻖﻠﻐﺗ
ﺔﻤﻴﻤﺿ ،ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻭﺍ ،ﺪﻳﺎﺼﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ .ﺩﺮﺑ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺍﺭﺲﻴﻘﻠﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ
.ﺖﺳﺍ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻋﺎﺑﺭ ،ﺪﻨﺑ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ،ﺕﺎﻌﻄﻗ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺰﻏ .ﺪﺳﺭ ﻰﻣ ﺖﻴﺑ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ﻉﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻰﺷﺎﻛ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺡﺮﺷ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ .ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺨﻴﻣﺁﺭﺩ ﻪﻳﻮﻔﺻ ﻰﺑﺩﺍ ﻭ ﻰﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺎﻬﻧﺁ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻭ ﻰﻧﺎﻛﺭﻮﮔ ﺖﺳﻭﺩ ﺏﺩﺍ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻧﺎﻛﺭﻮﮔ ﻭ ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ،ﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻣ ،ﻕﻼﺧﺍ ،ﻰﻧﻼﻴﮔ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻥﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻴﺠﻨﺳ ﺭﺯ ﻪﺑ ،ﺍﺮﻌﺷ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺎﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ،ﺎﻫ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺭﺩ ،ﻥﺎﺣﻭﺪﻤﻣ ،ﺎﻫ ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﺩﺮﻛﺩﺎﻳ ،ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ گﺮﻣ ،ﺮﻋﺎﺷﺭﻮﻧ ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻰﻤﻠﻋ ﺖﺌﻴﻫ ﻮﻀﻋ .1
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،ﻂﺨﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺭ ﻭ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻰﮔﮋﻳﻭ ،ﻯﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ ،ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻝﺰﻏ ،ﻯﺪﻨﻫ ﻚﺒﺳ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻡﺎﻤﺗﺎﻧ ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ،ﻯﺮﻌﺷ ﺐﻟﺍﻮﻗ ﺮﻌﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺩﺯﺩ ،ﻯﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ،ﺩﻭﺮﺳ گﻮﺳ ،ﻰﺣﺪﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ،ﻭﺍ ﺮﻌﺷ ﺮﺑ ﺢﺘﻔﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻢﻴﻜﺣ ﻭ ﺮﻴﮕﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺪﻘﻧ ،ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻰﻗﺎﺳ ،ﺎﻫ ﺎﻔﺘﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﻤﻀﺗ ،ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻧﻼﻴﮔ ﺢﺘﻔﻟﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺔﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ،ﺕﺎﺤﻴﻤﻠﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﺭﺩ ﻰﺗﺎﻴﺣ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ،ﻰﻣﺎﻈﻧ
ﻦﻳﺮﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻭﺮﺴﺧ
ﺎﺑﺲﻴﻘﻠﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ
،ءﺎﻴﺒﻧﻻﺍ ﺺﺼﻗ ﻭ ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ ،ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﺐﺘﻛ ﺎﺑﺲﻴﻘﻠﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ
ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ،ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻰﻗﺎﺳ ﻭﺩ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺟ ،ﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﻮﻧ ﻰﭘ ﻰﻧﺎﻛﺭﻮﮔ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻩﺮﺠﺷ ،ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﻯﺮﻌﺷ ﺐﻟﺍﻮﻗ ﻯﺪﻣﺎﺴﺑ ﻪﺘﺧﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻰﻧﺎﻛﺭﻮﮔ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺷﺩﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻰﻄﺧ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻯﺮﻳﻭﺎﺼﺗ ﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻯﺮﻌﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺷ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻠﻌﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﻴﮔ ،ﺎﻬﻠﮔ ،ﺎﻫ ﺡﻼﺳ ،ﻞﻏﺎﺸﻣ ،ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﺟ ،ﺎﻫ ﻯﺎﺟ ،ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻯﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺧﺭﺩ ﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ،ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﺮﻴﺧ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﻯﺩﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ؛ﻰﻠﻌﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻰﺴﻳﻭﺍ .3 ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺔﺘﺷﻮﻧ ،ﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺪﻴﺸﻤﺟ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻤﺷﺎﻫ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻝﺎﺤﺷﻮﺧ ﻩﺮﻫﺎﻃ .ﺹ 429 ،ﺵ1386 ،2033 ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻯﺮﻫﺎﻈﻣ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺖﺷﺬﮔﺮﺳ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻯﺍﺮﻌﺷ ﺮﻛﺫ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﻭﺍ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺼﺨﺷ ،ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﺯﺍ ،ﻩﺮﻛﺬﺗ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺭﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻥﺍﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻭ ﻦﻴﻣﺪﻘﺘﻣ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻯﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻰﺴﻜﻋ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ 86544 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺘﻳﺮﺑ ﺓﺯﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ 1293 ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ،3397 ﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ ﻍﺍﺮﭽﻫﺎﺷ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ 2431 ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ
ﻞﺻﺍ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻴﺸﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ؛ﻢﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺍﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،ﺭﻮﭘ ﺝﺮﻳﺍ .4 ،ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺼﺣ ﻰﻓ ﻝﻮﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ﻢﻫﺪﻔﻫ ﻭ ﻢﻫﺩﺰﻧﺎﺷ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺭﻮﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺖﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﻥﺎﺧ ﻰﻠﻗﺎﺿﺭ ﺮﺛﺍ ﺮﻐﺻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻛﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﻯﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ .ﺵ1387 ،ﻯﺮﻔﺻ ﺎﺑﺎﺑ ﺖﻓﺍﺮﺷ ﻥﻮﭼ ﻰﻠﻳﺎﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻓﺮﻋ ﻭ ﻑﻮﺼﺗ ،ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺮﻜﻔﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻛﺬﺗ ،ﻞﻘﻋ ﺐﺗﺍﺮﻣ ،ﺡﻭﺭ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ،ﻢﻟﺎﻋ ﻞﻀﻓ ﻭ ﻢﻠﻋ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺚﺤﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ...ﻭ ﻩﺎﺷ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﺸﻧﺎﺟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻑﻮﺼﺗ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻭ ﺖﻘﻳﺮﻃ :ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻭﺩ .ﺩﺯﺍﺩﺮﭘ ﻰﻣ ﻰﻟﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺖﻤﻌﻧ ﻂﺧ ﻪﺑ 57 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ﻭ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ 2103 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ
.ﻥﺍﺪﻤﻫ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺭﺩ ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻰﻟﺎﻤﺟ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻴﻠﺤﺗ ﺡﺮﺷ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ؛ﻦﻳﻭﺮﭘ ،ﺶﺨﺑ ﺝﺎﺗ .5 ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻯﺮﺨﻓ ﺲﻤﺷ ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺗ ،ﻰﻗﺎﺤﺳﺍﻮﺑﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﺗﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻯﺮﻫﺎﻈﻣ ﺪﻴﺸﻤﺟ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ،2029 ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﺖﻌﻳﺮﺷ ﺩﺍﻮﺟﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ .ﺹ 345 ،ﺵ1385 ﻰﻟﺎﻤﺟ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ،ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻯﺎﺑﺩﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻰﻧﺎﻬﻔﺻﺍ ﻯﺮﺨﻓ ﺲﻤﺷ ﻡﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﻐﻟ ﻭ ﻊﻳﺪﺑ ،ﻪﻴﻓﺎﻗ ﻭ ﺽﻭﺮﻋ ﻦﻓ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻮﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﻕﺎﺤﺳﺍ ﻮﺑﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺟ 1337 ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ (ﺖﻐﻟ) ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﺶﺨﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻕ 745 ﻥﺁ ﻪﺳ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺎﻴﻛ ﻕﺩﺎﺻ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ،ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﺔﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻨﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ،ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﺨﺑ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻩﺩﺯﺍﻭﺩ ﻯﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻉﺎﺿﻭﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﻰﺒﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺓﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺲﻤﺷ ﻰﻓﺮﻌﻣ ،ﻮﺠﻨﻳﺍ ﻝﺁ ،ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﻭ ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﻥﺮﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ
ﺮﺤﺴﻟﺍ ﻖﺋﺍﺪﺣ
ﺯﺍ ﻯﺮﻳﺬﭘﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﺓﻮﻴﺷ ﻭ ﻚﺒﺳ ،ﻯﺮﺨﻓ .ﺖﺳﺍﻰﻟﺎﻤﺟ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ
ﺮﺑﻢﺠﻌﻤﻟﺍ
ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ،ﻊﻳﺪﺑ ﺶﺨﺑ ﺭﺩ،ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭﻰﺑﺮﻋﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ،ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﺍ،ﺕﺎﻳﺁﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ،ﺕﺎﺤﻴﺿﻮﺗ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺮﺧﺁﺭﺩﺰﻴﻧﻰﺑﺩﺍﺕﺎﺣﻼﻄﺻﺍ،ﺕﺎﻐﻟ
ﺔﻴﺸﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ؛ﻰﻀﺗﺮﻣ ،ﻯﺩﺮﺠﺷﺍ ﻯﺪﻴﺷﺭ .6 ﺰﻳﺰﻌﻟﺍﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﺰﻋ ﺮﺛﺍ ،ﺮﻃﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻫﺰﻧ ﻭ ﺮﻇﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺿﻭﺭ ﺐﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺤﻣﻼﻏ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺭﻮﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﺷﺎﻛ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻰﻛﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﻯﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﺴﺤﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﻔﻳﺮﺷ .ﺹ260،ﺵ1387 ،ﻝﻮﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ ﺎﺿﺭﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺒﺨﺘﻨﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﮕﻨﺟ ،
ﺮﻇﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺿﻭﺭ
ﻯﺭﺎﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ .ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﻥﺮﻗ ﺎﺗ ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﺏﺩﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭﺍ ﻩﺎﮕﻳﺎﺟ ،ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ،ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺡﺮﺷ ﺓﺭﺎﺑﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ،ﻝﺎﻴﺧ ﺭﻮﺻ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺑﺯ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻰﮔﮋﻳﻭ ،ﻰﺑﺮﻋ ﻭ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻂﺨﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﺭ ﻭ ،ﻒﻟﺆﻣ ،ﻝﻭﻻﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ :ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﻭﺪﺗ ﻢﺴﻗ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺏﺎﺑ ﻭﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺨﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺢﻳﺍﺪﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﻭ ﻢﻜﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻓ ؛ﻞﺼﻓ ﻩﺩﺰﻧﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻭﺩ ﺏﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻞﺼﻓ ﻩﺎﺠﻨﭘ ﺭﺩ ﻝﻭﺍ ﺏﺎﺑ ﻢﺴﻗ ؛ﺏﺎﺑ ﻪﺳ ﻭ ﻰﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺒﺗﺎﻜﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺍﺩﺩﺎﻳ .ﺏﺎﺑ ﺖﺸﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻗﺮﻔﺘﻣ ﺭﺩ ،ﺚﻟﺎﺛ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺕﺎﻴﺑﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ :ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺦﺴﻧﻢﻠﻴﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ ﺎﻴﻓﻮﺻﺎﻳﺍ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﻕ777 ﺥﺭﻮﻣ ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺘﻳﺮﺑ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ ﻯﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ 416 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻭ ﻝﻮﺒﻧﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ 766 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﺎﻨﺳ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ 1379 .ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ 247 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﻢﻠﻴﻓﻭﺮﻜﻴﻣ
ﻡﻭﺩ ﺔﻤﻴﻧ ﺔﻴﺸﺤﺗ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ،ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ؛ﺎﺿﺮﻴﻠﻋ ،ﻡﺍﺭﺁﺩﺎﺷ .7 ،ﻯﺮﻫﺎﻈﻣ ﺪﻴﺸﻤﺟ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺮﺛﺂﻤﻟﺍ ﺝﺎﺗ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﺎﺑﺎﺑ ﺮﻐﺻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻝﺎﺤﺷﻮﺧ ﻩﺮﻫﺎﻃ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ .ﻯﺮﻔﺻ .ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻩﺩ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺕﺎﺤﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﻯﺭﻭﺎﺧ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ؛ﻡﺍﺮﻬﺑ ،ﻰﻧﺎﺒﻌﺷ .8 ﺮﻐﺻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺭﻮﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻯﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ .ﻰﻨﻴﺴﺣﺎﻗﺁ ﻦﻴﺴﺣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺩﺮﻓ ﻯﺮﻗﺎﺑﺮﻴﻣ ،ﻯﺯﺍﺮﻴﺷ ﻯﺭﻭﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺭﻮﻬﺸﻣ ،ﻰﻔﻳﺮﺷ ﻰﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﷲﺍ ﻞﻀﻓ ﺍﺯﺮﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﻴﺸﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﻢﻫﺩﺰﻴﺳ ﻥﺮﻗ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻰﺒﻫﺫ ﻢﺷﺎﻫ ﺎﻗﺁ ﺪﻧﺯﺮﻓ ﻯﺍﻭﺮﻧﺎﻣﺮﻓ ،ﺍﺯﺮﻴﻣ ﻰﻠﻘﻨﻴﺴﺣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺯﺍ ،ﻯﺭﺎﺟﺎﻗ ﻥﺎﮔﺩﺍﺰﻫﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ،ﻭﺍ ﺮﻳﺯﻭ ﻰﻧﺍﺭﺪﻧﺯﺎﻣ ﻊﻴﻔﺷ ﺍﺯﺮﻴﻣ ﻭ ﺱﺭﺎﻓ ،ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻯﻭ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻴﺑ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﺖﻔﻫ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭﺍ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺮﺳ ﺮﻌﺷ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﺑﺭ ،ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ،ﺪﻨﺑ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ،ﻝﺰﻏ
ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ
،ﻦﻴﻧﺮﻘﻟﺍﻭﺫ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ
ﻪﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺗ ﻰﻣ ﻯﺭﻭﺎﺧ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺭﺎﺛﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻭﺦﻳﺭﺍﻮﺘﻟﺍﺩﺍﻮﻣ
،ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﻔﺳ
،ﻯﺭﻭﺎﺧ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ
،ﺎﺨﻴﻟﺯ ﻭ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ
.ﺩﺮﻛ ﻩﺭﺎﺷﺍﺕﺎﻴﺣ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺱﺮﺘﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺯﺍ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ ﻩﺩ ﺩﻭﺪﺣ ﺭﺩ 144 ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ﻰﻄﺧ ﺦﺴﻧ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻦﺘﻣ ،ﺢﺤﺼﻣ ﻪﻛ 3643 ،ﺰﻳﺮﺒﺗ ﻰﻠﻣ 2568 ﺔﺨﺴﻧ ،ﻯﻭﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﻐﺻﺍ ﺔﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺎﻨﺳ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ 1129 ﻭ ﺲﻠﺠﻣ 226 ،ﻥﺍﺮﻬﺗ ﻩﺎﮕﺸﻧﺍﺩ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﻤﻧﺎﺑ ،ﻯﺰﺟ ﺱﺎﺒﻋ ﺶﻳﻭﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﻮﻳﺩ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ؛ﺪﻤﺣﺍ ،ﻞﺿﺎﻓ .9 ﺮﺘﻛﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻳﺭﻮﻧ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻯﺰﮔ ﻰﻠﺤﻣ ﺶﻳﻮﮔ ﺖﺒﺛ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻦﻳﺪﺗ ﻯﺪﻬﻣ ﺮﺘﻛﺩ :ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ،ﻰﺗﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﻮﻤﺤﻣ .ﺹ 677 ،ﺵ1383 ،2018 ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻥﺍﺮﻋﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ،ﻯﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻣ ﻯﺰﮔ ﺱﺎﺒﻋ ﺶﻳﻭﺭﺩ ﻭﺰﺟ ﻯﺰﮔ ﺶﻳﻮﮔ .ﺖﺳﺍ (ﻕ1323 ـ1264) ﺭﺎﺟﺎﻗ ﺪﻬﻋ ﺎﺑ ،ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻭ ﺭﻮﺘﺳﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻯﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻯﺎﻫ ﺶﻳﻮﮔ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﺑﺍﺮﻗ ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻢﻳﺪﻗ ﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻰﺳﺭﺎﻓ ﻯﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ .ﺖﺳﺍ ﻝﻭﺍﺪﺘﻣ ﺭﺍﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﺰﮔ ﺖﻴﺑ ﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﻩﺩﺰﻴﺳ ،ﻯﺰﺟ ﺱﺎﺒﻋ ﺶﻳﻭﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻌﺷﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ
ﺖﺸﻫ ،ﻂﻤﺴﻣ 34 ،ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻗ 92 ،ﻝﺰﻏ 297 ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻰﺘﻴﺑﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﺑﺭ ﺪﻨﭼ ،ﺪﻨﺑ ﻊﻴﺟﺮﺗ ﻚﻳ ،ﺪﻨﺑ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﻭﺩ ،ﻪﻌﻄﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻟﻮﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺷﺭﺍ ﻯﻮﻨﺜﻣ ﻭ ،ﺖﻴﺑ ﺭﺍ�
