The Effect of Education Based on the Pattern of Behaviors in Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Between Parent Families Living in the City Rāmhormoz in 2015

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J TOLOO E BEHDASHT, School of Public Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Received: 2016/05/03 Accepted:2016/05/30

The Effect of Education Based on the Pattern of Behaviors in Promoting Preventive

Behaviors of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Between Parent Families Living in the City

Rāmhormoz in 2015

Abas Ali Dehghani-Tafti (Ph.D)

¹

,Arefeh Dehghani-Tafti(MS.c)

2

,Mohammad Zobeydi(MS.c)

³

,Syed Abed Tofighyan(MS.c)

⁴

1.Assistant Professor, Department of Health Services ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 2.Instructor Master of Biostatistics, ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

3.Corresponding Author: MS.c Student In Health Education ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran Email: [email protected] Tel: 09163909028

4. MS.c Student In Health Education ShahidSadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran Abstract

Introduction: The study and application behavior change intervention for the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in endemic areas is essential. In this study, the effectiveness of BASNEF model-based education in promoting preventive behaviors of cutaneous leishmaniasis in between parent households was conducted under the guise of health centers Rāmhormoz city

Methods: In this study, the method of intervention that was conducted in 1394, the total sample size was 154 health centers Rāmhormoz just random cluster sampling were selected. Then research units required data using questionnaires were collected and 2 training sessions held: after three months of training, Needed again were collected and finally data analysis statistical.

Results: The mean change scores of knowledge, attitude, behavior, enabling factors and parental behavior before and after the intervention significantly increased (P < 0/000 1). The mean score changes before and subjective norms after the educational intervention showed no significant changes in parent households ( P<

0 /452 )

Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that educational programs on the pattern of behaviors, all aspects required to create lasting change in educational behavior of parents And in the end we can say that the program on Basnef Parents that have a significant impact on them..

Keywords: parent households, cutaneous leishmaniasis, BASNEF, health education Conflict of interest: The authors declared that there is no Conflict interests.

This Paper Should be Cited as:

Effects of Exercise Training on Housewives Married 20-45 Years Noor City. ..J Tolooebehdasht Sci 2017; 16(2):62- 74. [Persian]

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ود ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ

دﺰﻳ لﺎﺳ

ﺷ ﻢﻫدﺰﻧﺎ

، هرﺎﻤﺷ مود

، ﺮﻴﺗ و دادﺮﺧ 1396

ﺗ ﺄ يﻮﮕﻟا ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ي ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣﺮﻴﺛ زا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ءﺎﻘﺗرا رد ﻒﻧﺰﺑ

يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻦﻴﺑ رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ لﺎﺳ رد ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رد ﻦﻛﺎﺳ 1394

نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :

ﻲﺘﻔﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻘﻫد ﻲﻠﻌﺳﺎﺒﻋ ﻲﺘﻔﺗ ﻲﻧﺎﻘﻫد ﻪﻓرﺎﻋ ،

1

ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،

2

يﺪﻴﺑز نﺎﻴﻘﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﺪﺑﺎﻋ ﺪﻴﺳ ،

3

4

1 . دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ، ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ هوﺮﮔرﺎﻳدﺎﺘﺳا

2 . و رﺎﻣآ هوﺮﮔ ﻲﺑﺮﻣ دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ، يژﻮﻟﻮﻴﻣﺪﻴﭘا

3 . لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :

ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد

سﺎﻤﺗ ﻦﻔﻠﺗ دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد :

09163909028

gmail: [email protected]

4 . ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ، ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ، ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد

دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ

ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ

ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ود دﺰﻳ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد لﺎﺳ ﻢﻫدﺰﻧﺎﺷ

هرﺎﻤﺷ : مود

ﺮﻴﺗ و دادﺮﺧ 1396

ﻞﺴﻠﺴﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ 62 :

لﻮﺻو ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :

14 / 2 / 1395

شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :

10 / 3 / 1395

هﺪﻴﻜﭼ

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ رد ﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ياﺮﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ و ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا:

ﺖﺳا يروﺮﺿ ﻚﻴﻣﺪﻧآ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ .

يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ءﺎﻘﺗرا رد ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ شزﻮﻣآ ﻲﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا فﺪﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا

ﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﺤﺗ يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻦﻴﺑ رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ

نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘ

ﺪﺷ اﺮﺟا و ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار .

ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ شور :

لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ يا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ شور ﻪﺑ ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا 1394

ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﻢﺠﺣ ،ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا 154

دﻮﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ

ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد و ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﻞﻛ زا ﻪﻛ -

ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا يا ﻪﺷﻮﺧ .

يﺎﻫﺪﺣاوزا ﺲﭙﺳ

زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ هداد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ و ﺪﺷ يروآ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ راﺰﺑا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ

2 ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ راﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ

زا ﺲﭘ و 3 ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ هداد ًﺎﺘﻳﺎﻬﻧو ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ ًادﺪﺠﻣ ﺎﻫ ه داد ، شزﻮﻣآ زا هﺎﻣ .

ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ

ﺪﺼﻗ ،شﺮﮕﻧ ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تاﺮﻤﻧ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ:

ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ،رﺎﺘﻓر

ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رد رﺎﺘﻓر و هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ

) /0001

<0 (P

تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رد ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ هزﺎﺳ هﺮﻤﻧ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻲﻟو ﺪﻨﺘﺷاﺪﻧ يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ )

042 /

<0 .(P

يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ و ﺚﺤﺑ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﻤﻫ ،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ:

دراد ار ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رد ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ رﺎﺘﻓر يرﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ و ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ دﺎﺠﻳا ﺖﻬﺟ مزﻻ يﺎﻫ .

ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ نﺎﻳﺎﭘ رد و

اد نﺎﻧآ رد ار ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ و هدﻮﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ياﺮﺑ ،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺟا ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷ

.

يﺪﻴﻠﻛ يﺎﻫژاو ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ ،ﻲﺘﺳﻮﭘ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ، ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو:

ﺎﻳﺎﭘ زا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا ن

،ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ و ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد

دﺰﻳ ﻲﻗوﺪﺻ ﺪﻴﻬﺷ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ

.

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ود ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ دﺰﻳ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ

لﺎﺳ

ﺎﺷ ﻢﻫدﺰﻧ

، هرﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﻴﺗ و دادﺮﺧ،مود 1396

ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ،ﻲﻨﻴﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ و يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ )

ﻚﻟﺎﺳ ( رد

يﺮﻬﺷ ﻚﻟﺎﺳ ﻞﻜﺷ ود ﻪﺑ نﺎﺴﻧا )

ﻚﺸﺧ (

ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور ﻚﻟﺎﺳو

) بﻮﻃﺮﻣ ( ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ زوﺮﺑ

ﺎﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﺳﻮﭘ رد

زا ﻢﻳﺪﻗ يﺎﻴﻧد رد ﻪﻛ ،دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﻚﻟﺎﺳ ﺎﻳ يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ناﺮﻳا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ ﺎﻜﻴﭘوﺮﺗ ﺎﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ نآ

L.tropica) (

ﺖﺳا . ﻪﺑ

دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻚﺸﺧ عﻮﻧ نآ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻳﺎﺿ ﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﻞﻴﻟد .

ﺎﺠﻧآ زا

مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣﻼﺘﺒﻣ نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ ًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ نآ نﺰﺨﻣ ﻪﻛ

ﻴﺘﻧﻮﭘوﺮﺘﻧآ عﻮﻧ ـــ

) ﻚ (Anthroponotic Cutaneous

Leishmaniasis= ACL دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ

. ﻞﻣﺎﻋ روژﺎﻣ ﺎﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ

دﻮﺟو ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ هدﻮﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور عﻮﻧ يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ هﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ بﻮﻃﺮﻣ عﻮﻧ مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻳﺎﺿرد ﺢﺷﺮﺗ .

روژﺎﻣ ﺎﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ

ﻚﻴﺗﻮﻧﻮﺋز عﻮﻧ مﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻧﻮﺟ نﺰﺨﻣ ﻦﺘﺷاد ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ )

ZCL

Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (

دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ هﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ

) 1 .(

ﺎﺑ

لﺮﺘﻨﻛ صﻮﺼﺧ رد نوﺰﻓا زور يﺎﻫ ﺖﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ دﻮﺟو

زا ﻲﻠﮕﻧا يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻢﻫ زﻮﻨﻫ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﻲﻧﻮﻔﻋ يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺪﻨﻳآ ﻲﻣ رﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻠﺻا تﻼﻀﻌﻣ .

ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ

رد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﻣ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ هدﻮﺑ ﻲﻠﮕﻧا يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺮﻴﻏ و يﺮﻴﺴﻣﺮﮔ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد هﺪﻤﻋ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ،نﺎﻬﺟ ﻲﻳﺎﻫرﻮﺸﻛ ﺮﺜﻛا ﮔ ﺖﺳا حﺮﻄﻣ يﺮﻴﺴﻣﺮ )

2 .(

ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ار نآ ناﻮﺘﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ﻪﻛ

ﺖﺴﻧاد ﺎﻳرﻻﺎﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻲﻠﮕﻧا يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ )

3 .(

ﻪﺑ ًًﺎﺗﺪﻤﻋ ،ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻦﻳا

ﺶﻳﺎﻣﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ مأﻮﺗ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ ،ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻲﻳﺎﺟ ﻪﺑﺎﺟ و تﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﻞﻴﻟد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا يژﻮﻟﻮﻛا رد تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ )

4 .(

نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ

ﻒﻳدر رد ار يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳا ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ 9

ﻲﻠﮕﻧا ﻢﻬﻣ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ

ﺖﺳا هدﺮﻛ ﻲﻓﺮﻌﻣ يﺮﻴﺴﻣﺮﮔ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ )

5 .( يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا مﺮﻓ

رد زﻮﻴﻧ ﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ 8

ﺪﻨﭼ زا و ﺖﺳا ﻲﻣﻮﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ رﻮﺸﻛ نﺎﺘﺳا ،نﺎﻣﺮﻛ ،زاﺮﻴﺷ ،راوﺰﺒﺳ ،رﻮﺑﺎﺸﻴﻧ ،ﺪﻬﺸﻣ ،ناﺮﻬﺗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺮﮕﻳد ﺶﺨﺑ

ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ نﺎﻬﻔﺻا نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ و نﺎﺷﺎﻛ ،دﺰﻳ ،ﻢﺑ )

6 .(

دوﺪﺣ رد ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎﺳ 20

ﺰﻫ ناﺮﻳا رد ﺲﻳزﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ درﻮﻣ را

ﻲﻌﻗاو دراﻮﻣ ﺎﻣا دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ شراﺰﮔ 5

- 4 ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ )

7 .(

دﺎﺠﻳا ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ يدﻮﺧ ﻪﺑدﻮﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ترﻮﺻ رد يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ﻪﺑ ار يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻲﻧاور و ﻲﻋﺎﻤﻨﺟا ضراﻮﻋ ، بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ يﺎﻬﻫﺎﮕﺷﻮﺟ و تﺎﻌﻳﺎﺿ نﺪﺷ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ترﻮﺻ رد و ﺖﺷاد ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ لﺎﺒﻧد دوﺪﺤﻣﺎﻧ شﺮﺘﺴﮔ و وراد و نﺎﻣرد ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﺖﻧﻮﻔﻋ

دراد هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ار رﺎﻛ يوﺮﻴﻧ فﻼﺗا )

-10 8 .(

ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ تﺎﻌﻳﺎﺿ و

ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧاور يﺎﻫ ﺐﻴﺳآ و ﻪﺘﺷاﺬﮔ داﺮﻓا ﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻤﺴﺟ ﺮﻈﻧ زا ﻪﻛ يﺎﻬﻳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﺴﻛاو دﻮﺟو مﺪﻋ و ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﻲﻣ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻦﻳا يﻻﺎﺑ عﻮﻴﺷ و يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻲﻠﮕﻧا ، ﺎﻬﻳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ

نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ رﺪﺻ رد ار ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺖﺳا هدادراﺮﻗ ﺎﻬﻳرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳا زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻬﺟ ) 11 .(

دراﻮﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻫد ﻲﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ﺎﻫ ﻦﻴﻤﺨﺗ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ

نﺎﺘﺳا بﺮﻏ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ نﺎﺘﺳزﻮﺧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ رد يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ

د ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﻴﻌﻤﺟ رد ناﺮﻳا بﺮﻏ بﻮﻨﺟ و ﻪﺑور ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﻪﻫد ر

ﺖﺳا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا )

12 .(

شزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺟا ﻦﻴﻘﻘﺤﻣ زا يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ

زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ و لﺮﺘﻨﻛ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ رﺎﻨﻛ رد ار ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺸﻛ شﻮﻣ ، ﻂﻴﺤﻣ يزﺎﺴﻬﺑ ، وراد و ﻦﺴﻛاو ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ار نآ و ﺪﻨﻧاد ﻲﻣ يروﺮﺿ ﻲﺷﺎﭘ ﻢﺳ و )

-14

13 .(

تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﮕﻳد يﻮﺳ زا ار ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﺶﻘﻧ يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ

ﻦﻴﻨﻛﺎﺳ رد زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ زا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ئﺎﻘﺗرا رد ﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺪﻴﻳﺎﺗ ﻚﻴﻣﺪﻧآ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ )

-17 15 .(

ﻲﻧﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ داﺮﻓا ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻤﻧ ﻲﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ )

-19 18 . ( نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و يﺰﻛﺮﭼ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

(4)

لﺎﺳ ﺎﺷ ﻢﻫدﺰﻧ

نﺎﺸﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﻫﻮﺷ ردﺎﻣ و ردﺎﻣ ، ﺮﺴﻤﻫ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ داد

ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ناردﺎﻣ ﻲﻫدﺮﻴﺷ يرﺎﺘﻓر يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ )

20 . ( ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ

و نﺎﺘﺳود ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ نارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﻲﺒﺤﻣ نﺪﻴﺸﻛ رﺎﮕﻴﺳ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻢﻬﻣ ، نﺎﺳآ ﻲﺳﺮﺘﺳد زﺎﺳردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ دﻮﺑ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد )

21 ( ﻮﻣآ رد رﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ زا ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شز

رﺎﺘﻓر ﻦﻴﻣﺎﺗ نوﺪﺑ و ﺖﺳا رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺨﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ، ﺖﺳرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ )

22 (

. ﻦﻜﻴﻟ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻴﻧ ﻖﻓﻮﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻤﻫ ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔا بﻮﺧ يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻚﻳ ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻬﻧآ دور ﻲﻣ يﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ لﺎﻤﺘﺣا

ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻘﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ رد ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ ﺖﺳد

) 23 ( يﺮﻴﮔرﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ

دﻮﻤﻧ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻚﻤﻛ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ نﺎﺣاﺮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ يرﻮﺌﺗ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ و ﻲﺠﻨﺳ زﺎﻴﻧ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻦﻴﺣ رد يدﺮﻓ ءاروﺎﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ زا ﻲﺘﺳرد كرد ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ رد و ﺪﻨﺸﻳﺪﻨﻴﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺐﺴﻛ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ و ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر )

24 . ( ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ

ﺮﻛذ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ رد ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻢﻳﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺟﻮﺘﻣ ﻻﺎﺑ رد هﺪﺷ

يﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ارﺎﻣ رﺎﺘﻓر ياﺮﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ندﻮﺑ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ و دﺮﻓ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﺖﻳاﺪﻫ رﺎﺘﻓر ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ و ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يﺎﻬﻟﺪﻣ و ﺎﻬﻳرﻮﺌﺗ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا موﺰﻟ دﺎﺠﻳا و رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻌﻣﺎﺟ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﻪﻛﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﻲﻣ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ

ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ اﺮﭼ ، ﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳا ، نآ فﺪﻫ يﺎﻬﻫوﺮﮔ و ، رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ شﺮﮕﻧ ،هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ ندﻮﺑ اراد يﺎﻫ يﺪﻨﻤﻧاﻮﺗ و ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ياراد ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ و تادﺎﻘﺘﻋا ﺎﺗ ﻢﻳﺪﺷ نآ ﺮﺑ ور ﻦﻳا زا ، ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ شزﻮﻣآ ياﺮﺑ يدﺎﻳز ا رد ﻢﻳراﺬﮕﺑ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ﻪﺗﻮﺑ ﻪﺑ ار ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳ .

لﺎﺳ رد ﻲﻠﺑﺎﻫ نﺎﺟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ 1988

هﺪﻴﻘﻋ يو ﺪﺷ ﻪﻳارا

ﻚﻳ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﺖﺷاد يا هﺪﭽﻴﭘ يﺎﻫﺪﻧور ﻲﻠﻛ حﺮﺷ يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ يﺰﻳر ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺒﻬﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ

لﺪﻣ ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ دﺮﻓ ﻚﻳ رﺎﺘﻓر يﺎﻫ ﻪﻳﻻ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻳﺮﮕﻧ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ

يرﺎﺘﻓر تادﺎﻘﺘﻋا ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ زا BELIEF )

( ﺎﻫ شﺮﮕﻧ ،

ATTITUDES) (

ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫ مﺮﻧ و ﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ،

SUBJECTIVE NORMS) (

هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و ،

ENABLING FACTORS) (

ﻪﻤﻠﻛ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ

BASNEF ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﻳا لوا فوﺮﺣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻢﻫ رﺎﻨﻛ زا

ﻣ ود ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ زا لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ و ﺪﻴﺳﺮﭘ لﺪ

ﺖﻬﺟ يﺰﻳر ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ و رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ و ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا يﺮﻴﮔ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻠﻣاﻮﻋ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ و نآ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ دﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ رﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ رﺎﺘﻓر .

لﺪﻣ هﺪﻤﻋ توﺎﻔﺗ BASNEF

ﻦﻳا رد يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ لﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ

ﺼﻗ لﺪﻣ فﻼﺧ ﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يﺪﺼﻗ ﺮﻫ يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪ

ﺎﻣاﺰﻟا

"

ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ يزﺎﺳردﺎﻗ يﺎﻫرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﻪﻜﻠﺑ دﻮﺷ ﻲﻤﻧ رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ :

و ﺪﺼﻗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ و دﻮﺟﻮﻣ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ ، ﺖﻗد ، ترﺎﻬﻣ ، لﻮﭘ دراد دﻮﺟو رﺎﺘﻓر )

13 .(

ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﻪﭽﻧآ ﻪﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ

ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رد يﺪﻠﺟ زﻮﻴﻧﺎﻤﺸﻴﻟ ندﻮﺑ ﻚﻴﻣﺪﻧآ ﻄﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا مﺪﻋ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ تﻼﺧاﺪﻣ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎ

ﻦﻳا ، ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻦﻳا رد يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻦﻳا زا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا ﺮﺑ ﻲﻨﺘﺒﻣ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺎﺗ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﺘﻓر ءﺎﻘﺗرا رد و ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رد ﻦﻛﺎﺳ يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو اﺮﺟا

ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ شور

لﺎﺳ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يا ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ عﻮﻧزا ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ 1394

رد

ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ .

، ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ

(5)

لﺎﺳ

داﻮﺳ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو )

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻦﺘﺷﻮﻧ و نﺪﻧاﻮﺧ ﺪﺣ رد داﻮﺳ ﻞﻗﺪﺣ (

ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ﺐﺴﻛزا ﺲﭘ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ رد ﻦﻛﺎﺳ

ﻧﺪﺷ دراو ﺶﻫوﮋﭘرد نﺎﻧآزا ﺪ

. ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا يرﻮﻃ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ

ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ مﺎﻤﺗ هﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ و هدﻮﺒﻧ صﺎﺧ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻚﻳ زا ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد و ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ زا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ 154

ﺮﻔﻧ

ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا دﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ 5

، ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور ﺰﻛﺮﻣ 2

ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور ﺰﻛﺮﻣ

/ و يﺮﻬﺷ 1 ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ يﺮﻬﺷ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ .

ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺮﻫ زا هﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا داﺮﻓا داﺪﻌﺗ ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺮﻫ زا ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ ترﻮﺻ 15

ﺮﻔﻧ و

ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺮﻫزا /

يﺮﻬﺷ 20 ﺰﻛﺮﻣ زا و ﺮﻔﻧ

يﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ 39

هﺪﻧوﺮﭘ ياراد ﻪﻛ يداﺮﻓا ﻦﻴﺑ زا ﺮﻔﻧ

ترﻮﺼﺑ داﺮﻓا ، ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ رد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا هدﺎﺳ ﻲﻓدﺎﺼﺗ .

نﺎﻧآ ﺖﻳﺎﺿر ﺐﻠﺟ و ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﺪﺟاو داﺮﻓا بﺎﺨﺘﻧا زا ﺲﭘ ﺮﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ هﻮﺤﻧ و ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ مﺎﺠﻧا زا فﺪﻫ ،دﻮﺧ ﻲﻓ

هداد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو زا ﺲﭙﺳ داد ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ار ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ و ﺪﺷ يروآ دﺮﮔ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ راﺰﺑا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ 2 ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ )

يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ درﻮﻣ رد ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ

ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻠﻔﻤﭘ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻟﺎﺳ (

ﺪﺷ راﺰﮔﺮﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ياﺮﺑ :

ﻚﻳ

ﺟ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷآ ﻪﺴﻠﺟ ﻚﻳ ،نآ ﻞﻗﺎﻧ و ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﻨﺷآ ﻪﺴﻠ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻠﻔﻤﭘ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫو ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﺎﺑ هزرﺎﺒﻣ و يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ يﺎﻬﺷور هداد راﺮﻗ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ داﺮﻓا رﺎﻴﺘﺧا رد ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺪﺷ . هﺎﻣ ﻪﺳ ﻲﻧﺎﻣز ﻪﻠﺻﺎﻓ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ و شزﻮﻣآ زا ﺲﭘ )

3 ﻪﻫﺎﻣ (

ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺪﺣاو ﻪﺑ ًادﺪﺠﻣ ﺮﮕﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﺎﺑو هدﺮﻛ ﻪﻌﺟاﺮﻣ

يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺲﭘ يﺎﻫ هداد ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ نﺎﻤﻫ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا رد و هﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ﺪﻛ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺎﻫ هداد يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ زا ﺲﭘ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ راﺰﻓا مﺮﻧ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻪﺨﺴﻧ SPSS

16 دراو ﺪﻧﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ و

و ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ،ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،ﺪﺻرد ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻔﻴﺻﻮﺗ يﺎﻫ هرﺎﻣآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ،رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﻪﻛ ﻲﻳﺎﻫ هداد ياﺮ

نﻮﻣزآ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻚﻳﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﻣآ يﺮﻴﮔرﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺎﺑ ردو ﻲﺟوزT

لدﺎﻌﻣ يﺎﻫ نﻮﻣزآ زا ترﻮﺼﻨﻳا زا ﺮﻴﻏ )

يﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘﺎﻧ (

ﺎﻫ هداد

يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ و ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ يرﺎﻣآ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﻳﺰﺠﺗ درﻮﻣ زا ﺮﺘﻤﻛ 05 /

<0 ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد P .

ﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآدﺮﮔ راﺰﺑا ، ت

درﻮﻣ ﻲﻠﺒﻗ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد نآ ﻲﻳﺎﻳﺎﭘو ﻲﻳاور ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يا ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺗ )

11 .(

تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋرﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ

و شﺮﮕﻧ ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ،ﻞﻣﺎﺷ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ يوﺎﺣ ﻚﻴﻓاﺮﮔﻮﻣد رﺎﺘﻓرو هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ، يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ ، ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ

) دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ( دﻮﺑ . ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ يﺎﻫ

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ : ﻞﺤﻣ ، راﻮﻧﺎﺧ داﺮﻓا داﺪﻌﺗ ، داﻮﺳ ،ﻞﻐﺷ ،ﺲﻨﺟ ،ﻦﺳ

ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷزرا هﻮﺤﻧ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ءﻼﺘﺑا ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ و ﺖﻧﻮﻜﺳ )

زﺎﻴﺘﻣا شور

ﻲﻫد ( دﻮﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﻦﻳا ﻪﺑ تﻻاﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ .

لوا ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﺎﺑﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻚﻴﻓاﺮﮔﻮﻣد تﻻاﺆﺳ 7

لاﻮﺳ .

مود ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ تﻻاﺆﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ

24 لاﺆﺳ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ . هﺪﺷ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ يا ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ رﺎﻬﭼ ترﻮﺼﺑ ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ تﻻاﻮﺌﺳ

زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا 1

ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ و ﻂﻠﻏ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ﻪﺑ و

زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﻢﻧاد ﻲﻤﻧ 0

ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ .

مﻮﺳ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﻪﻛ ﻲﺷﺮﮕﻧ تﻻاﺆﺳ 12

لاﺆﺳ

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ . ﻳﺰﮔ ﺶﺷ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ شﺮﮕﻧ تﻻاﻮﺌﺳ تﺮﻜﻴﻟ يا ﻪﻨ

ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ )

"ﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﺎﺗ ، ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ يﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ، ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ، ﻢﻘﻓاﻮﻣ

ﻼﻣﺎﻛ ، ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ ، ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ يﺪﺣ

"

ﻢﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ ( ﻦﻴﺑ تازﺎﻴﺘﻣا و 0

ﺎﺗ 5

(6)

ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ﻖﻠﻌﺗ شﺮﮕﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻲﻔﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻛ و شﺮﮕﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ .

مرﺎﻬﭼ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﺆﺳ

ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ 11

ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ لاﺆﺳ .

ﻪﺑ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ تﻻاﻮﺌﺳ

ترﻮﺻ 3 يا ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ ) ﺮﻴﺧ ، يﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ، ﻲﻠﺑ (

، ﺪﻧا هﺪﺷ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ

ﻲﻠﺑ باﻮﺟ ياﺮﺑ 2

يﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ باﻮﺟ ، زﺎﻴﺘﻣا 1

ﺮﻴﺧ و زﺎﻴﺘﻣا 0

زﺎﻴﺘﻣا

ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد .

ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﺼﻗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﺆﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪ

7 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ لاﺆﺳ .

ﻢﺸﺷ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﺆﺳ

ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ 8 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ لاﺆﺳ .

ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ :

ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﻳ رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﺆﺳ

ﺮﺑ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ 8 ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ لاﺆﺳ .

ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﻮﺌﺳ 3 ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ يا ) ﺮﻴﺧ ، يﺪﺣﺎﺗ ، ﻲﻠﺑ (

ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ، ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ

ﻲﻠﺑ باﻮﺟ 2

يﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ، زﺎﻴﺘﻣا 1

ﺮﻴﺧ و زﺎﻴﺘﻣا 0

ﺮﻈﻧ رد زﺎﻴﺘﻣا

ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ .

ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ رﺎﺘﻓر ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ تﻻاﻮﺌﺳ 2

يا ﻪﻨﻳﺰﮔ )

ﺮﻴﺧ ، ﻲﻠﺑ (

ﻲﻠﺑ باﻮﺟ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ ، ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ 1

باﻮﺟ ياﺮﺑ و زﺎﻴﺘﻣا

ﺮﻴﺧ 0 ﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد زﺎﻴﺘﻣا ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪ

.

3 ﻲﻨﻌﻳ هﺎﻣ 90 ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ياﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺟا زا ﺲﭘ زور

ﻲﻧﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻲﺑﺎﻴﺷزرا رﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو ﻪﺑ ًادﺪﺠﻣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .

ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد 154

راﺮﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ داﻮﺳﺎﺑراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو

ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ 60

دﺮﻣ ﺮﻔﻧ ) 39 ( % و 94 نز ﺮﻔﻧ ) 61 ( % ﻧدﻮﺑ ﺪ . 58 ﺮﻔﻧ

) 37 % ﺪﺻرد ( ﺮﻳز ﻦﺳ 24 ، لﺎﺳ 45 ﺮﻔﻧ ) 2 / 29

% ﺪﺻرد ( ﻦﺳ

ﻦﻴﺑ 35 - 25 و 51 ﺮﻔﻧ ) 1 / 33 % ﺪﺻرد ( يﻻﺎﺑ ﻦﺳ 35

لﺎﺳ

ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد . زا ﺪﻨﺗرﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﻪﺳ ردراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﺑ :

ﺮﻳز يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ 3

ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ 23

و 9 / 14 % ، دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد

ﻦﻴﺑ يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ –5

3 اﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ ﻲﻧاو 73 و دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺮﻔﻧ 4

/ 47 %

يﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻀﻋا داﺪﻌﺗ ﺎﺑ يﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ًﺎﺘﻳﺎﻬﻧ و ﺪﺻرد 5

ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ

58 و 7 / 37 % هداد ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ار راﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ زا دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد

ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ . ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﺳ رد تﻼﻴﺼﺤﺗ ﺢﻄﺳ :

1 - ﻊﻄﻘﻣ

ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻳاﺪﺘﺑا 43

و 9 / 27 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد 2

- ﻄﻘﻣ ﻞﻜﻴﺳ ﻊ

ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ 40

و 26 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد 3

- ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻠﭙﻳد ﻊﻄﻘﻣ

42 و 3 / 27 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد 4

- ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻢﻠﭙﻳد قﻮﻓ ﻊﻄﻘﻣ 29

و 8 / 18 %

هداد ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ار ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد

ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ . رد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ درﻮﻣ داﺮﻓا ﻞﻐﺷ 4

ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺪﻨﺑ ﻪﻘﺒﻃ ﺢﻄﺳ :

1 - ﮔرﺎﻛ ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻣرﺎﻛ و ﺮ 15

و 7 / 9 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد

–2 ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺸﻧزﺎﺑ 8

و 2 / 5 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد 3

- ﺎﺑ دازآ

ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ 43 و 9 / 27 % دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد 4

- ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺎﺳ 88

و

1 / 57 % هداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ لﺎﻐﺘﺷا ﺮﻈﻧ زا دراﻮﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﺻرد

ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ . ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻧﻮﻜﺳ ﻞﺤﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ زا 83

و 9 / 53 % ﻞﺤﻣ

و يﺮﻬﺷ نﺎﺸﺘﻧﻮﻜﺳ 1

/ 46 % ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ و ﺪﺻرد 71

نﺎﺸﺘﻧﻮﻜﺳ ﻞﺤﻣ

ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ ﻲﻳﺎﺘﺳور .

هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ رد ءﻼﺘﺑا ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﺮﻈﻧ زا 11

% ﺎﺑ و ﺪﺻرد

ﻲﻧاوﺮﻓ 17 ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ رد ءﻼﺘﺑا ﻪﻘﺑﺎﺳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ هدﺮﻛ ناﻮﻨﻋ .

ﻲﺗ نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ -

و ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺟوز

3 ﺪﻌﺑ هﺎﻣ ،شﺮﮕﻧ ،ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا دﻮﺟو يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا رﺎﺘﻓر و هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ،رﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ

(7)

لﺎﺳ

ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاد )

لوﺪﺟ 3

، 2

، 1 ) ( 0001 /

<0 (P

نﻮﻣزآ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ

ﻲﺗ - زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻴﺑ يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ يرﺎﻣآ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻲﺟوز

يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫﺎﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا

يﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎﻣرد ،ﻞﺤﻣ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻣ داﺮﻓا ،نﺎﮕﻳﺎﺴﻤﻫ ،نﺎﺘﺳود ،هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ

ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﺮﺑ ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻦﻴﻄﺑار و ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ،ﻲﻠﺤﻣ

ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو،ﺎﻫراﻮﻧﺎﺧ ) .

042 ٠ /

<

) (P لوﺪﺟ 3

، 1 .(

لوﺪﺟ

1 : ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا و ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ

ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ

ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ 3

ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ هﺎﻣ P.V

رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا و ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ رﺎﻴﻌﻣ فاﺮﺤﻧا و ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ

ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ شﺮﮕﻧ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ

يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ

هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ

رﺎﺘﻓر 83

/

± 15 69 / 45

91 /

±4 31 / 12

42 /

±25 92 / 61

70 /

±20 71 / 69

54 /

±23 45 / 42

18 /

±18 35 / 55 72

/

± 1 54 / 84

35 /

±8 52 / 52

42 /

±16 54 / 63

90 /

±12 17 / 86

93 /

±14 72 / 80

42 /

±16 20 / 89 000

/ 0

000 / 0

452 / 0

000 / 0

لوﺪﺟ 2 : ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒﻧﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ شﺮﮕﻧ و ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ يﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ

<39 ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ

59 - 40 ﻲﻟﺎﻋ

100 - 60

ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﺪﺻرد

ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ 50

1 1

/ 35

% 6

%/

74 4 1

/ 48

%

6 / 2

% 30

149 5

/ 19

%

9 / 96

%

شﺮﮕﻧ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ

154

2 100

%

3 / 1

% 0

139 0

3 / 90

% 0

13 0

4 / 8

%

لوﺪﺟ 3 : ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ و ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒﻧﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ يرﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ و ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫ مﺮﻧ يﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ

ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ

ﻒﻴﻌﺿ

<39 ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ

59 - 40 ﻲﻟﺎﻋ

100 - 60

مﺮﻧ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ 26

13 9

/ 16

% %8/4 35

42 7

/ 22

% %27/3 93

99 4

/ 60

% %64/3

ﺪﺼﻗ يرﺎﺘﻓر ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ 11

- 1

/ 7

% - 29

5 8

/ 18

%

2 / 3

% 114

149 74

%

7 / 96

%

(8)

لوﺪﺟ 4 : هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ يﺎﻫﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺿو ﻲﻧاواﺮﻓ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ و ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒﻧﺮﺑ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ هزﺎﺳ رﺎﺘﻓر و

3 زا ﺪﻌﺑ هﺎﻣ

ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ

ﺮﻴﻐﺘﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻒﻴﻌﺿ

<39 ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻣ

59 - 40 ﻲﻟﺎﻋ

100 - 60

ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ردﺎﻗ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ 73

5 4

/ 47

% 2 / 3

% 41

4 6

/ 26

%

6 / 2

% 40

145 27

%

2 / 94

%

رﺎﺘﻓر ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﻌﺑ 37

1 24

% 6

%/

49 9 8

/ 31

%

8 / 5

% 12

134 8

/ 47

%

5 / 93

%

يﺮﻴﮔ ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧو ﺚﺤﺑ

ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ، ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد ﺖﺳا شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻬﻫ وﺮﮔ ﻦﻳازﺎﻴﻧ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ .

ﻪﻛ اﺮﭼ

ﻦﺘﺷاد و ﺪﻧراد يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ رد ﻲﻤﻬﻣ رﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺶﻘﻧ داﺮﻓا ﻦﻳا دﻮﺧ ﻒﻳﺎﻇو مﺎﺠﻧا ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻬﻧ آ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا يراﺰﺑا ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﺪﻧراد زﺎﻴﻧ نآ ﻪﺑ .

ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ 3

ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ هﺎﻣ

ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺷاد يﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ

ﺖﺳا ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ي ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ .

هﻮﻴﺷ نﻮﻣاﺮﻴﭘ ،شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻪﻛ ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳا ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﻲﮔﺪﻧز يﺎﻫ )

25 ( ناﻮﺨﺘﺳا ﻲﻛﻮﭘ زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ و )

26 (

دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺧ ﻢﻫ ،ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ترﻮﺻ .

تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ

ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ناﺮﮕﻳد ﺖﻴﻌﻃﺎﻗ ترﺎﻬﻣ ﺮﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ )

27 ( ﻣ ، نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻢﺸﭼ زا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮ

ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳد ) 28 ( رازآﻻﺎﻛ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا و )

29 (

دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ .

ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رد شﺮﮕﻧ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ

و ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ 3

يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ هﺎﻣ

لﺪﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ندﻮﺑ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛا هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺷاد ﺎﻘﺗرا ﺮﺑ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ

دﻮﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو شﺮﮕﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ء .

ﻲﺗﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻦﻳا

ﻲﻛﻮﭘ زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ نﻮﻣاﺮﻴﭘ ﻦﻴﻄﺑار شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ناﻮﺨﺘﺳا ) 26 ( ناور ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ و )

30 ( دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ .

ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ

ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ناﺮﮕﻳد تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺴﺟ يﺎﻬﺘﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ نﻮﻣاﺮﻴﭘ شزﻮﻣآ )

31 ( و

ﻲﺒﻠﻗ ي ﻪﺘﻜﺳ يﺎﻫرﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﻚﺴﻳر عﻮﻗو زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ )

32 ( و

ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ صﻮﺼﺧرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻦﻴﻄﺑار شزﻮﻣآ )

33 (

داﺮﻓا مﺎﻤﺗ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ نﻮﻴﺳﺮﮔر نﻮﻣزآ ﻪﻛ ﻦﻳا ﻢﻏر ﻲﻠﻋ نﻮﻣزآ و ،ﺪﻧا ﻪﺘﺷاﺪﻧ يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﺮﺑ راﺬﮔﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻦﻣ - ﺮﻓا ﻪﻛ دﻮﻤﻧ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﻲﻨﺘﻳو ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺲﭘ راﺬﮔﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ دا

ار نآ ﻞﻠﻋ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧا ﻪﺘﺷاﺪﻧ يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ و ﺖﺴﻧاد ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ رد داﺮﻓا ﻦﻳا ﺖﻛﺮﺷ مﺪﻋ ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ﺮﺑ داﺮﻓا ﻦﻳا ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ندﻮﺑ ﮓﻧر ﻢﻛ ﺪﻳﺎﺷ ،مود ﺖﻠﻋ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ندﻮﺑ راﻮﺷد ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ار مﻮﺳ ﺖﻠﻋ و ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻘﻧ و ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﺖﺴﻧاد تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳا رد داﺮﻓا ﻦﻳا ﺶ

. ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ

رد يداﺰﻬﻛ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ يﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يﺎﻫ

(9)

لﺎﺳ

ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ يو اﺮﻳز ،دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ﺰﺟ ﻪﺑ لﺪﻣ ءاﺰﺟا ﻞﻛ ﺮﺑ ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ ﺎﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ )

34 .(

ﻣ ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺲﭘ ﻪﺑ ،ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ ﺮﻴﻈﻧ يدراﻮ

ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻃ .

ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ار نآ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﻛ

ﺖﺴﻧاد شﺮﮕﻧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و ﻲﻫﺎﮔآ .

،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو رﺎﺘﻓر ﺪﺼﻗ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد رد شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ناﺮﮕﻳد تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ رد ﻢﺸﭼ زا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳد نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ

) 28 ( ﻲﻫدﺮﻴﺷ رﺎﺘﻓر و

ناردﺎﻣ ) 35 ( دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ .

هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ

ﺎﻣا دﻮﺒﻧ ﻲﻟﻮﺒﻗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺢﻄﺳ رد ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ، ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا يراد ﻲﻨﻌﻣ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ ، ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳا و هدﻮﺑ شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ نﺪﺷ ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ

ﺖﻴﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﻞﻠﻋ زا ﻲﻜﻳ ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ ار ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ياﺮﺑ هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺖﺴﻧاد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا رد نﺎﻧآ .

زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ناﺮﮕﻳد تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ،ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا رد شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

ﺎﻴﻤﻴﻛ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ نﺎﻨﻛرﺎﻛ ﻲﻨﻤﻳا )

36 ( نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ رد ﻢﺸﭼ زا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ،

ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳد ) 28 ( ناردﺎﻣ ﻲﻫدﺮﻴﺷ رﺎﺘﻓر ، )

35 ( ترﺎﻬﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و

ﺖﻴﻌﻃﺎﻗ ) 27 ( يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ي ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻦﻴﻄﺑار شزﻮﻣآ و

ﻚﻟﺎﺳ ) 33 ( دراد ﻲﻧاﻮﺨﻤﻫ ، .

ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ

ﺪﻟاو رﺎﺘﻓر هﺮﻤﻧ ﻦﻴﮕﻧﺎﻴﻣ ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ زا يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑار رد ﻦﻳ

دﻮﺒﻧ ﻲﺑﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ رد شزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ .

ﺖﺳا ﻲﻟﺎﺣ رد ﻦﻳا

ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﺷاد يﺮﻴﮕﻤﺸﭼ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ زا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻛ .

رد شزﻮﻣآ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗﺮﻳﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ

ﻢﺸﭼ زا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ رد ﻲﺘﺑﺎﻳد نارﺎﻤﻴﺑ دﺮﻜﻠﻤﻋ )

28 ( ناﺮﮔرﺎﻛ ، رد

ﻲﻨﻤﻳا ﻪﻨﻴﻣز )

37 ( نﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧاد ﻲﻧﺎﻤﺴﺟ يﺎﻬﺘﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ، )

31 ( لﺮﺘﻨﻛ ،

ﺖﺑﺎﻳد ) 38 ( ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﻦﻴﻄﺑار شزﻮﻣآ ، )

33 ( ،

سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻲﺷزﻮﻣآ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻦﻳا يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ يرﺎﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣ و ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ دﺎﺠﻳا ﺖﻬﺟ مزﻻ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﻪﻤﻫ ،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا و رد رﺎﺘﻓر هزﺎﺳ ندﻮﺑ اراد ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ يﻮﮕﻟا و دراد ار ﻦﻳﺪﻟا

ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ،هﺪﻨﻨﻛردﺎﻗ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ و ﻲﻋاﺰﺘﻧا يﺎﻫرﺎﺠﻨﻫ ،شﺮﮕﻧ يﺎﻫ رﺎﺘﻓر ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ و هﺪﻳدﺮﮔ شزﻮﻣآ نﺪﺷ ﺮﺗ ﺶﺨﺑﺮﺛا ﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو هﺪﻨﻨﻛ يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ .

،ﻒﻧﺰﺑ لﺪﻣ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ياﺮﺟا ﻪﻛ ﺖﻔﮔ ناﻮﺗ ﻲﻣ نﺎﻳﺎﭘ رد و هدﻮﺑ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ،ﻪﺘﺷاد نﺎﻧآ رد ار ﻲﻬﺟﻮﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﻴﺛﺄﺗ

لﺮﺘﻨﻛ و يﺮﻴﮕﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ار ﻦﻳﺪﻟاو ﻒﻳﺎﻇو مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻛ يرﻮﻃ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻴﺸﺨﺑ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺗ يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻮﺤﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻚﻟﺎﺳ يرﺎﻤﻴﺑ .

رد

دراو ﻪﻧادازآ ًﻼﻣﺎﻛ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﺖﻛﺮﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺰﻧ ﺎﻬﻧ آ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺪﺷ هداد نﺎﻨﻴﻤﻃا ﺎﻬﻧ آ ﻪﺑ و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻖﻘﺤﻣ د

ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻪﻧﺎﻣﺮﺤﻣ رﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ .

دﺎﻳز ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺮﻛذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ

داﺮﻓا ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و ﺖﻗد ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ًﺎﻫﺎﮔ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ تﻻاﺆﺳ ندﻮﺑ

ﻲﻣ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ؛ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ ﻞﻴﻤﻜﺗ رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ داﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﻳﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﺸﺳﺮﭘ زا يﺪﻌﺑ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد دﻮﺷ ﺪﻧراد يﺮﺘﻤﻛ تﻻاﺆﺳ

و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ

دﺰﻳ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ هزﻮﺣ زا ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﺎﺠﻨﻳا رد ﺶﻜﺘﻤﺣز ﻞﻨﺳﺮﭘ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و نآ ﻲﻟﺎﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻳﺰﻫ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ

(10)

ﺰﻣﺮﻬﻣار نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺧ و ﻲﻧﺎﻣرد ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ و ﺮﻜﺸﺗ لﺎﻤﻛ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد يرﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﻦﻳا مﺎﺠﻧارد ﻪﻛ ﺪﻳآ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻲﻧادرﺪﻗ .

ﻊﻓﺎﻨﻣ دﺎﻀﺗ

ﻲﻣ مﻼﻋا ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳا نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻲﻌﻓﺎﻨﻣ دﺎﻀﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺪﻧراد

دراﺪﻧ دﻮﺟو .

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