راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻲﺑآ يﺎﻬﻟﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا و ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﺪﻴﺳا ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ
نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
ﻲﻳﺎﺿر ﺎﻤﻴﺷ نﺎﻴﺗﻮﻜﻠﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ،1
2
1 . ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ هوﺮﮔ ﺪﺷرا ﻲﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﻛ
ﺘﺳدﺮﻛ نﺎ
2 . لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ :
نﺎﻣﺮﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هوﺮﮔ و ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ دﺎﺘﺳا
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هﺪﻴﻜﭼ ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ ،ﺖﺴﻳز ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻴﻠﺨﺗ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ نﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺴﻳز تﻼﻜﺸﻣ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻞﻴﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻲﮕﻧر يﺎﻬﺑﻼﺿﺎﻓ :
ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ .
ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ،ﻲﮕﻧر يﺎﻬﺑﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﺘﻓر رﺎﻜﺑ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻬﺷور ﻦﻴﺑ زا و ﺪﻧراد يرﺎﻴﺴﺑ عﻮﻨﺗ ﺎﻬﮕﻧر
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻲﻣ ﺎﻬﺷور ﻦﻳﺮﺗدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺮﭘ زا ﺖﻤﻴﻗ نازرا بذﺎﺟ ﺎﺑ بﺬﺟ .
ﻴﻴﻌﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ بﺬﺟ زا، بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ و مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻦ
نﺎﺘﺳﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﺗراﺮﺣ قﺮﺑ هﺎﮔوﺮﻴﻧ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﮓﻧر ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﻲﻧﻮﻴﺗﺎﻛ ﮓﻧر ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا ،ﺪﻧرز .
شور ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ نﺎﻣز رد مﺎﺧ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد: 5
ﺪﻴﺳا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 8
/ 1 يﺎﻣد ،رﻻﻮﻣ C
2˚ 29±
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﺳا ﺖﺒﺴﻧ و 7
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻚﻳرﻮﻔﻟﻮﺳ ﺪﻴﺳا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ .
يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ زا ﺲﭘ
بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ رد ﺮﺛﻮﻣ pH)
بذﺎﺟ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ، (
و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻢﻴﻬﻔﺗ رﻮﻈﻨﻤﺑ
عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ 1
، 2 ، 3 و 4 عﻮﻧ مود و لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ و 1
، 2 ، 3 و 4 ﺪﺷ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ و .
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ :ﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ 9)
pH= نﺎﻣز ، 30 بذﺎﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻪﻘﻴﻗد 3
ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ( راﺪﻘﻣ 8 / 99 %
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر زا 50
دﻮﻤﻧ فﺬﺣ ار ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﻲﻠﻴﻣ .
عﻮﻧ مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ زا ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ 1
ﺎﺑ 1 R= و
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا عﻮﻧ
1 ﺎﺑ 997 / 0 R= ﺪﻨﻛ ﻲﻣ ﺖﻴﻌﺒﺗ .
ﻪﺠﻴﺘﻧ يﺮﻴﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ هدوﺪﺤﻣ رد ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ تﺪﺷ و ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ: 0
و 1 دراد راﺮﻗ
ﻲﻣ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ،بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
. ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر بﺬﺟ رد يﻮﻗ بذﺎﺟ ﻚﻳ ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻌﻓ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ اﺬﻟ
ﺪﻨﻜﻴﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻮﻠﺑ .
هژاو يﺎﻫ يﺪﻴﻠﻛ : ﻳا ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ ،ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ ،مﺮﺗوﺰ
ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ عﻮﻠﻃ
ﻲﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﻪﻣﺎﻨﻫﺎﻣ ود
دﺰﻳ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ هﺪﻜﺸﻧاد
ﻢﻫدرﺎﻬﭼ لﺎﺳ
هرﺎﻤﺷ : ﻢﺸﺷ
ﻪﻣﺎﻧ هﮋﻳو 1394
ﻞﺴﻠﺴﻣ هرﺎﻤﺷ :
54
لﻮﺻو ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
15 / 4 / 1394
شﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ :
18 / 8 / 1394
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
فﺮﺼﻣ بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﺎﻫ ي
،يﺰﻳﺮﻧﻮﺧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﻤﺋﻼﻋ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻲﮕﻧر
،عﻮﻬﺗ ﻧﺎﻣرد ﺖﻴ يﺎﻫدردﺮﺳ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ،ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ﻚﻳﺮﺤﺗ ،
ناﻮﺨﺘﺳا ﺰﻐﻣ نداد ﺖﺳد زا و دﺎﺣ لﺎﻬﺳا ،ﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ) -3 1 ( .
هدﺎﻣ ﻚﻳ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر
از ي ﻞﻧﻮﻴﺴﻜﻧﻮﻓ ﺖﺳا
ﻪﻛ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻚﻳ
–در رﻮﺗﺎﻜﻳﺪﻨﻳا ﺲﻛُا هﺪﺷ ءﺎﻴﺣا ﺎﻳ ﺪﻴﺴﻛا ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد و هدﺮﻛ ﻞﻤﻋ
ياراد ﮓﻧر ﺎﻫ ي ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ) / ﻲﺑآ ﺑ ﻲ ﮓﻧر ( ﺖﺳا ) 4 .( ار ﺞﻳ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ
ﻲﮕﻧر ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ
ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﮓﻧر ﻣآ يﺰﻴ ،ﺬﻏﺎﻛ ،ﻪﺒﻨﭘ
بﻮﭼ و مﺮﭼ ﺖﺳا
.
،ﻲﺣاﺮﺟ ،يژﻮﻟﻮﻴﺑوﺮﻜﻴﻣ رد ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
،ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﮓﻧر
ﻣآ يﺰﻴ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ و هزاﺪﻧا ﮔ يﺮﻴ رد ﺰﻨﮕﻨﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ
ﻔﺘﺳا ﺰﻴﻧ نﺪﺑ هدﺎ
ﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺷ ) 5 ، 4 ( . نﺪﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﻲﮕﻧر هدﺎﻣ دورو
ﺐﺒﺳ ﻲﺷراﻮﮔ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا ﮕﺘﺧﻮﺳ
ﻲ يﺎﻫ و عﻮﻬﺗ ،ﻲﻌﺿﻮﻣ
ﻲﻣ ﺎﻴﻤﻨﻴﺑﻮﻠﮔﻮﻤﻬﺘﻣ و ﻲﻨﻫذ تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ،دﺎﻳز ﻖﻳﺮﻌﺗ ،غاﺮﻔﺘﺳا .دﻮﺷ
ﮓﻧر ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻦﻳا ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺖﻠﻋ ﺮﻈﻧدرﻮﻣ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﮓﻧر فﺬﺣ ﻪﻨﻴﻣز رد ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻚﻳ ﺬﭘ
ﻪﺘﻓﺮﻳ هﺪﺷ
ا ﺖﺳ ) 6 ( . ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ ﻦﻳاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ بﺎﺴﭘ
ﺎﻫ ي ﻲﮕﻧر ﻦﻴﻨﭼ يوﺎﺣ ﻟد ﻪﺑ
ﻞﻴ
ﺖﻴﻤﻫا زا ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ تاﺮﺛا ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ يا ﺖﺳا رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ )
8 ، 7 .(
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﻲﮕﻧر بﺎﺴﭘ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ شور بﺎﺨﺘﻧا
،ﮓﻧر ﺰﻫ ﻪﻨﻳ يﺎﻫ
ﻲﺟوﺮﺧ بﺎﺴﭘ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا و ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ
.دراد شور ﺎﻫ ي ﻛا ،يزﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺨﻟ و دﺎﻘﻌﻧا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻲﺗوﺎﻔﺘﻣ نﻮﻴﺳاﺪﻴﺴ
ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ ،نﻮﻳ لدﺎﺒﺗ ،ﻲﻳﺎﺸﻏ ﻲﻓﺎﺻ ،نزا زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ بﺬﺟ و ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷوﺮﺘﻜﻟا بﻼﺿﺎﻓ
ﺎﻫ ي ﮕﻧر ﻲ رﺎﻜﺑ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘﻓر ) 12 - 9 ( . ﻦﻳﺮﺗدﺮﺑرﺎﻛﺮﭘ زا ﻲﻜﻳ شور
ﺎﻫ ي هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هﺪﺷ
فﺬﺣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻛﺮﺗ
ﻲ تا بﺬﺟ شور ﻲﮕﻧر ﺖﺳا
. زا ﻲﻜﻳ
بذﺎﺟ ﺎﻫ ي نازرا ﻗ ﺖﻤﻴ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺖﺳا
. دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﺰﻳررود ﻚﻳ )
32 ( ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻀﺣ ﻘﻣ ﻳدﺎ زا يﻻﺎﺑ ﺮ تارذ
ﻦﺑﺮﻛ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻚﻳ ﻦﻴﺸﻧﺎﺟ ﺑﺎ هﻮﻘﻟ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ
لﺎﻌﻓ ﺐﻟﺎﺟ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺖﺳا ) 33 ( . نﺪﻧازﻮﺳ لﺎﻏز ﮓﻨﺳ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ
ﻲﻣ يدﺎﻳز تاﺪﺋاز راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺷ
70 ﺎﺗ 75 ﻦﻳا ﺪﺻرد
ﺗ ار تاﺪﺋاز ﻲﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸ
ﺪﻫد ) 34 (.
ﻲﻤﻛ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ لﺎﺣ رد
) دوﺪﺣ 20 ﺎﺗ 30
% ( راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ زا ﺖﻓﺎﻳزﺎﺑ
ﻲﻣ و دﻮﺷ 70 -
80 ﻗﺎﺑ ﺪﺻرد ﻴ
ﻦﻴﻣز رد ﻊﻓد شور ﺎﺑ هﺪﻧﺎﻤ فﺬﺣ
دﻮﺸﻴﻣ ) 35 (.
تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺼﺧ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﭼ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ هﻮﺤﻧ
ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ نﺪﺷ ﺖﺧﻮﺳ
، شور
،نﺪﻧازﻮﺳ ﻲﻳﺎﻴﻤﻴﺷ ﺐﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺖﺧﻮﺳ
هﺮﻴﻏ و ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺑ دراد ) 36 ( . ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺮﻓ را ﻲﻟآ داﻮﻣ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ
ﺖﻧﺎﺘﻛﺎﻓرﻮﺳ ،ﮓﻧر ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
،ﻦﻴﮕﻨﺳ تاﺰﻠﻓ ، ﻠﻨﻓ
ﻮ د ﺮﮕﻳ داﻮﻣ ﻲﻟآ زا
و ﻲﺑآ ﻂﻴﺤﻣ NOxبﺬﺟ
SOx، ، ﻲﻟآ تﺎﺒﻴﻛﺮﺗ هﻮﻴﺟ و
اﻮﻫ رد
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔراﺮﻗ
ﺖﺳا ) 37 ( . رد ﻲﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ
ﭘ ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ هﻮﺤﻧ ﻢﺗا
ﺎﻫ و لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ و ﻊﻳﺎﻣ زﺎﻓ ود ﻦﻴﺑ
دﺎﻌﺗ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد ﻚﻤﻛ ل
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ . ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻲﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻣ
ﻲ ددﺮﮔ .
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا رد ﻞﻜﺷ
ﺎﻫ ي
ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ هﺪﺷ ﻲﻄﺧ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳادرﻮﻣ راﺮﻗ
ﻣ ﻲ دﺮﻴﮔ نوﺪﺑ ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﺎﺑ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻦﻳا
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻣ
ﻲ دﻮﺷ . ﻲﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳد ﻣآ هﺪ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ زا
ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ ) ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ( يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ و ﻌﺗ
ﻦﻴﻴ هﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ لﺪﻣ ﺎﻫ ي و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ
و بﺬﺟ ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ رد مزﻻ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ ﺛﺄﺗ
ﺮﻴ ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ
ﻦﻴﺑ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي هدﺎﻣ و بذﺎﺟ بﺬﺟ
هﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ار
ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ . مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا بﺬﺟ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﻲﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
هدﺎﻣ ﺶﻨﻛاو بﺬﺟ
هﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و بذﺎﺟ ﺎﺑ ﻬﺑ
ﻪﻨﻴ يزﺎﺳ راﺪﻘﻣ
دﻮﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا بذﺎﺟ دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ .
ﻚﻴﻣﺎﻨﻳد كرد ﺖﻬﺟ
ﺶﻨﻛاو ﺎﻫ ي
بﺬﺟ ﻣ ﻲ ناﻮﺗ
ار بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا
ﺳرﺮﺑدرﻮﻣ ﻲ دادراﺮﻗ .
بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﺑ
رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﭘ ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
ياﺮﺑ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ
و ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ لﺪﻣ
زﺎﺳ ي ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺖﺳا
) 38 (.
تﻼﻜﺸﻣ ﺖﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ
ز ﺖﺴﻳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﻴﻤﻫا و ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر زا نآ فﺬﺣ
بﺎﺴﭘ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ و هﺪﻧﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآ زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ
زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا موﺰﻟ و بآ دﻮﺒﻤﻛ شور
ﺎﻫ ي ﻢﻛ ﺰﻫ ﻪﻨﻳ نﺎﻣﺪﻧارﺎﺑ ﻻﺎﺑ
زا يﺮﻴﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﺖﻬﺟ يﺮﻴﮕﻴﭘ موﺰﻟ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ و بﻼﺿﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻔﺼﺗ رد
رﺎﺒﻨﻠﺗ ﻏ ﻲﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑﺮﻴ ﺖﻓﺎﻳزﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ هﺎﮔوﺮﻴﻧ فاﺮﻃا رد راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
نآ ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ
ﻲﮔدﻮﻟآ لﺮﺘﻨﻛ يﺎﺘﺳار رد يدﺎﺼﺘﻗا شور ﻚﻳ
ز ﺖﺴﻳ ﻲﻄﻴﺤﻣ ﮓﻧر فﺬﺣ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد
راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺎﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ لﺎﻌﻓ
هﺪﺷ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ و ﻢﻴﺘﺧادﺮﭘ ﺪﻴﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ و ﻲﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
.
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ شور نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ رد ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ 1392
تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ رد
ﻬﻣ مﺎﺠﻧا نﺎﻣﺮﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﻲﺳﺪﻨ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ . ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد ﻊﻗاو ﺪﻧرز ﻲﺗراﺮﺣ هﺎﮔوﺮﻴﻧ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
،تارذ هﺪﻨﻨﻛ ﻊﻤﺟ نﻮﻠﻜﻴﺳ زا نﺎﻣﺮﻛ لﺎﻤﺷ رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ
رادﺮﺑ ي
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﻲﺗارذ ﺶﻣﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺑ 100 ﺎﺗ 200 بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﺷ ﺪ . ﻪﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ اﺪﺟ
ندﻮﻤﻧ ﺼﻟﺎﺧﺎﻧ ﻲ ﺎﻫ
، آ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ ﻚﻟا راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ رد ﺮﻄﻘﻣ ب
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻊﻳﺎﻣ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ 10
تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 48 ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ درﻮﻣ
ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ .
،ﻪﻣادا رد ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ ﺎﻫ ﺮﺘﻠﻴﻓ ﺎﺑ 45 / 0 نوﺮﻜﻴﻣ هﺪﺷ ﺮﺘﻠﻴﻓ
نوآ رد و
˚C
105 ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻚﺸﺧ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ نزو ﺎﺗ .
ﺲﭙﺳ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
راﺮﻓ هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺴﺷ نﺎﻣز رد
5h ﺪﻴﺳا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ، 8M
/ 1 يﺎﻣد ،
C 2˚ 29± ﻪﺑ ﺪﻴﺳا ﺖﺒﺴﻧ و راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 7 ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﺳا ﻚﻳرﻮﻔﻟﻮﺳﺪﻴ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ لﺎﻌﻓ
) 39 ( .
ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺲﭙﺳ
يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﺛﺆﻣ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺮﺑ .
ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
راﺪﻘﻣ رد فﺬﺣ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑpH
توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫpH )
2 ، 4 ، 5 ، 7 ،
8
، 9 ، 10 و 11 ( نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ و ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ
ناﻮﻨﻋ راﺪﻘﻣ
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ .
ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار
بذﺎﺟ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ رد لﺎﻌﻓ
هﺪﺷ ) 25 / 0 ، 3 / 0
، 35 / 0
، 4 / 0 ، 45
/ 0 و 5 / 0 مﺮﮔ ( ود ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا ﺮﻛذ ﻪﺑ مزﻻ ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ
نﺎﻣز رد ﻞﺒﻗ ﺶﻳﺎﻣزآ سﺎﻤﺗ
ﺎﻫ ي و ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا توﺎﻔﺘﻣ
ﺪﺑ ﻦﻳ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ
ﺪﻣآ . ﺎﺑ ﻪﻣادا رد و
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺛﺄﺗ ﺮﻴ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ،ﺎﻣد ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ و
راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور لﺎﻌﻓ
هﺪﺷ ﻢﻴﺘﺧادﺮﭘ . مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
بذﺎﺟ ،بﺬﺟ حﻼﺻا
هﺪﺷ يﺎﻫﺎﻣد رد 25
و 35 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ pH ، ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 9 سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز و 30
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﻴﻗد ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي
ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ )
زا 15 ﺎﺗ 80 ﻣ ﻲﻠﻴ مﺮﮔ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ ( هداد سﺎﻤﺗ
ﺮﺗوﺰﻳا و ﺪﺷ عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ يﺎﻫ م
1 ، 2 ، 3 و 4 ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ
ﺪﺷ . ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا رد qe
راﺪﻘﻣ بﺬﺟ ءﺰﺟ هﺪﺷ
ﺪﺣاو رد
لدﺎﻌﺗ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ رد بذﺎﺟ مﺮﺟ ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ
،mg/g Ce
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
هدﺎﻣ ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ و ،mg/L
KF
بﺬﺟ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ
ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ )
ﺢﻳﺮﺸﺗ ار بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ ( ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ
(mg/g)(L/mg1/nF) 1/nF و
ﻪﺟرد ﻏ ﻲﻄﺧﺮﻴ هدﺎﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻦﻴﺑ
بﺬﺟ هﺪﻧﻮﺷ هدﺎﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ و لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد
لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ . ﺞﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ لﺪﻣ رد رد بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
و ﺪﺣاو ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ تﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا
رد ﺮﻔﺻ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ
بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺖﺸﮔﺮﺑ
ﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﺮﻳ
،
بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
رد و بﻮﻠﻄﻣ
بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ
ﺖﺳا . ﻪﻟدﺎﻌﻣ رد
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ qe
ﮓﻧر راﺪﻘﻣ بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ
بذﺎﺟ مﺮﺟ ﺪﺣاو رد
ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ ،mg/g
Ce
رد لﻮﻠﺤﻣ رد هﺪﺸﻧ بﺬﺟ ﮓﻧر ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ،mg/L
qm ﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﮓﻧر راﺪﻘﻣ ﺮ بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ رد
بذﺎﺟ مﺮﺟ ﺪﺣاو ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ
mg/g Ka ، ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ
ﺪﻧﻮﻴﭘ دﺎﺠﻳا ﻞﻳﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻜﻣ
ﺎﻫ ي بﺬﺟ ﺖﺳا . ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
عﻮﻧ مود ﻪﺟرد و لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ 1
، 2
، 3 و 4 ،ﺎﻣد رد
نﺎﻣز ﺎﻫ ي و سﺎﻤﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ توﺎﻔﺘﻣ .
نﺎﺳآ ﻪﺴﻳﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻲﻫﺎﮔ هداد
ﺎﻫ ﺪﻌﺑ نوﺪﺑ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ، )
رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ
ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ ( هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺷ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ﻪﻛ
ﺪﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ . لﻮﻣﺮﻓ رد 1
، و ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ
،بﻮﻠﻄﻣﺎﻧ بﺬﺟ
،ﻲﻄﺧ بﺬﺟ
و بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﻐﺗ
ﺮﻳﺬﭘﺎﻧﺮﻴﻴ ﺖﺳا .
) 1 (
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﻫ لوﺪﺟ رد 1
زا ﻲﺘﺴﻴﻟ بذﺎﺟ ﺎﻫ ي ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ فﺬﺣ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﻓر رﺎﻜﺑ
ﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ و ب
نآ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﻞﻜﺷ رد بﺬﺟ 1
) ه ،د ،ج ،ب ،ﻒﻟا (
نﺎﺸﻧ هداد هﺪﺷ و ﺖﺳا
ﻲﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﭘ
ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ هﺪﺷ يﺎﻣد ود رد 25
و 35 ﻪﺟرد
ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ لوﺪﺟ رد 2
ﻪﺻﻼﺧ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا .
ﺐﻳﺮﺿ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ
ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ r2)
( ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 996 / 0 و 997 / 0 ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴ يﺎﻣد ود رد 25
و
35 ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا رد 1
)
ﻒﻟا ﺖﻤﺴﻗ
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 ( راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا
. مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ،ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻦﻳا رد ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ
ﻢﺴﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ ﺢﺟرا
ﺮﺗ ﺖﺳا .
ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ تﺪﺷ ﻪﻜﻨﻳا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ n)
/ 1 ( رد
ﻦﻴﺑ هدوﺪﺤﻣ 0
و 1 ﻄﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ دراد راﺮﻗ بﻮﻠ
ﺖﺳا . ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ
يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﭘ
ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ هﺪﺷ
ﻦﻴﺑ فاﺮﮔ ﻢﻴﺳﺮﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
log(qe-qt) ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد
و t t/qt
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﺖﻬﺟ t
ﭘ ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﻫ ي نﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ لﺎﻜﺷا و مود ﻪﺟرد و لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ
لﺪﻣ ﺎﻫ ي يﺎﻣد ود رد مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ ﻲﻄﺧ نﻮﻴﺳﺮﮔر 25
و
35 ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا هﺪﺷ ا ﺖﺳ . ﻲﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ﻞﻜﺷ رد 2 ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . ناﺰﻴﻣ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ بﺬﺟ qe)
( بﺬﺟ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار و R%)
( ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ Ce) ( ﻞﻜﺷ ﻒﻟا ﺖﻤﺴﻗ رد 2
ﺶﻳﺎﻤﻧ هداد هﺪﺷ
ﺖﺳا . نﺎﻤﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ زا ﻪﻛ ﻣ
ﻲ ناﻮﺗ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ دﺮﻛ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
ﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ يﺎﻣد رد راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴ
25
ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ عﻮﻧ لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ زا 1
R=1 ﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻌﺒﺗ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ . ﻞﻜﺷ ﻦﻳا ﻒﻟا ﺖﻤﺴﻗ زا ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻣ
ﻲ ناﻮﺗ دﺮﻛ طﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳا
ناﺰﻴﻣ و ﺶﻫﺎﻛ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ بﺬﺟ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ . ﻞﻜﺷ رد 3 طﻮﺑﺮﻣ بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ
يﺎﻣد ﻪﺑ 35 ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ ﺳرﺮﺑ ﻲ هﺪﺷ ﺖﺳا . ﺰﻴﻧ ﻻﺎﺑ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﺄﺗ هﺪﻨﻨﻛﺪﻴﻳ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ﻞﻜﺷ زا 2 ﺖﺳا . ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ
عﻮﻧ مود ﻪﺟرد زا بﺬﺟ 1
ﺖﻴﻌﺒﺗ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ . ﻪﻴﻠﻛ ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ي
ﻲﻜﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ ﻌﺗ ﻦﻴﻴ هﺪﺷ لوﺪﺟ رد بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ 3
هﺪﺷﺮﻛذ
ﺖﺳا . ﻞﻜﺷ رد ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ و ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ 4
ﻪﺋارا هﺪﺷ
ﺖﺳا . ﻞﻜﺷ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ 4
ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ نﻮﭼ RL )
( رد
و ﺮﻔﺻ ﻦﻴﺑ هدوﺪﺤﻣ 1
بﻮﻠﻄﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ دراد راﺮﻗ ﺖﺳا
) بﺬﺟ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر
حﻼﺻا هﺪﺷ بﻮﻠﻄﻣ ﺎﻳﻮﻗ ﺖﺳا
(.
ﺎﻬﻧ
ًﺎﺘﻳ ﻚﻴﺘﺘﻨﺳ ﻪﻧﻮﻤﻧ رد ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ )
ﺎﺑ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
50mg/L ( رد ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ )
pH: 9 سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ، 30
يﺎﻣد ،ﻪﻘﻴﻗد
ْC
35 بذﺎﺟ راﺪﻘﻣ و /L)
3g ( بذﺎﺟ رد حﻼﺻا
هﺪﺷ
ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ 07 / 99 % ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﮓﻧر فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار زا ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﻛ دﻮﺑ
مﺎﺧ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ )
8 / 87 (%
ﺖﺳا . بذﺎﺟ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ
حﻼﺻا هﺪﺷ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ رد 5mg/g
/ 16 دﻮﺑ . نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد راﺪﻘﻣ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
Ct/C0
ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
.
رد ﺎﻫ ﺖﻄﻠﻏ ي فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﻦﻴﻳﺎﭘ 100
% ﺖﺳا ﺎﺑ و
ﺎﺗ فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﮓﻧر ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا 9
/ 82 % ﻲﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
.
راﺪﻘﻣ ،ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﻨﭽﻤﻫ qt
زا 333 / 0 ﺎﺗ 7 / 27
ﻣ ﻲﻠﻴ مﺮﮔ ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
.
بذﺎﺟ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺲﻧﺮﻓر ﻞﻴﮔرﺎﻧ ﺰﻐﻣ ﺲﻣﻮﻴﺑ
120/43 mg/g (13)
هرﻮﻛ ﻦﺠﻟ بوذ ﻦﻫآ
6/4 mg/g (14)
هرﻮﻛ هرﺎﺑﺮﺳ بوذ
ﻦﻫآ
1/2mg/g ( 14)
زﻮﻣ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
15/9 mg/g ( 15)
لﺎﻘﺗﺮﭘ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
13/9 mg/g (15)
راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ حﻼﺻا
هﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺳا ﺪﻴ
ﻚﻳرﻮﻔﻟﻮﺳ 0/0021 mol/L ( 16)
ﻫ ﻴ ﺴﻛورﺪ ﻴ Fe (III)/Cr (III)ﺪ
22/8 mg/g ( 17)
ﺞﻧﺮﺑ سﻮﺒﺳ
1347/7 mg/g (18)
ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺞﻧﺮﺑ سﻮﺒﺳ
1455/6 mg/g (18)
هﻮﻴﻣ تاﺪﺋاز yellow passion
44/7 mg/g (19)
راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ
0/02 mg/g (20)
ﺖﻴﻟﻮﺋز
0/045 mg/g (20)
ﻪﺘﺧﻮﺴﻧ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ هﺪﺷاﺪﺟ
ﺎﺧ زا ﺮﺘﺴﻛ
0/25mg/g (20)
ﻦﻓاﺮﮔ ﺪﻴﺴﻛا
714 mg/g (21)
ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ حﻼﺻا هﺪﺷ
0/000012mol/L (22)
ﻪﻣﻮﺗﺎﻳد
198 mg/g (23)
ﻪﺘﺳﻮﭘ ردﻮﭘ مادﺎﺑ
ﻣز ﻲﻨﻴ
ﺮﺑمﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ0/272ﺎﺗ0/ 238 مﺮﮔﻮﻠﻴﻛ
) 24 ( جﺎﺳ ﺖﺧرد ﺖﺳﻮﭘ ردﻮﭘ
333/33 mg/g (25)
طﻮﻠﺨﻣ ﻦﺑﺮﻛ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ تاﺪﺋاز وPET
33/4 mg/g ( 26)
ﺖﻴﻧﻮﺘﻨﺑ
1669 mg/g ( 27)
هﻮﻴﻣ ﺖﺳﻮﭘ
285/7 mg/g (29 ,28)
كﺎﺧ هرا وﺮﺳ ﺖﺧرد
96/41 mg/g (30)
ﺮﺟآ هﺪﺷدﺮﺧ
142/36 mg/g (30)
چرﺎﻗ
249/92 mg/g (31)
راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ حﻼﺻا
هﺪﺷ 16/5 mg/g ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
لوﺪﺟ 1 : ﺎﻬﻧآ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ و ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ياﺮﺑ هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻬﺑذﺎﺟ
ﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ
25 يﺎﻣد 35 يﺎﻣد
(mg/g)
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ
286 / 0
9 / 18
938 / 0
3 / 26
4 / 5
994 / 0
4 / 20
3 / 16
981 / 0
7 / 21
15 / 13
866 / 0
59 / 2
4 / 11
/86 0
258 / 0
24 / 63
964 / 0
3 / 26
6 / 12
997 / 0
85
560
924 / 0
819
8 / 58
65 / 0
7 / 21
18 / 38
65 /
0
لوﺪﺟ 2 : ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ يﺎﻬﻣﺮﺗوﺰﻳا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ 1،2،3
و 4 ﻧوﺮﻓ و راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ رد ﭻﻴﻟﺪ
ﻚﻴﺗ ﻣارﺎﭘ ﺎﻫﺮﺗ
يﺎﻣد 250C
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ mg/L
يﺎﻣد 350C
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺎﻫ ي توﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺐﺴﺣﺮﺑ mg/L
80 mg/
L 70 mg/
L 60 mg/
L 50 mg/
L 40 mg/
L 30 mg/
L 15 mg/
L
80m g/L
70 mg/
L
60 mg/
L
50 mg/
L 40 mg/
L 30 mg/
L 15 mg /L
لواﻪﺟرد
009 2 / 0
206 / 3
982 / 0
013 8 / 0
929 / 5
89 /
0
027 6 / 0
5 / 2
928 / 0
025 3 / 0
733 8 / 1
913 / 0
009 2 / 0
556 3 / 3
995 / 0
041 4 / 0
084 5 / 0
972 / 0
029 9 / 0
038 /
0
956 /
0
0138 / 0 251 /
6 838 /
0
023 /
0 055 /
4 89 / 0
345 /
0 155 /
3 923 /
0
0898 / 0 415 /
4 988 /
0
0207 / 0 0727
/ 0 892 /
0
2233 / 0 405 /
0 92 / 0
055 2 / 0
124 7 / 0
1
مودﻪﺟرد-1
178 / 25
64 /
25
009 3 / 0
172 / 6 999
/ 0
518 / 22
255 / 23
005 8 / 0
154 / 3
998 / 0
713 / 19
20
024 / 0
708 / 9
1 50 /
16
949 / 16
031 / 0
009 / 9
999 / 0
250 / 13
888 / 13
009 2 / 0
792 / 1
962 / 0
96 /
9
10
11 /
1
11 / 111
1
988 /
4
5
105 /
2
631 /
52
1
598 /
25 315 /
26 0058
/ 0 048 /
4 998 /
0 837 /
22 255 /
23 0123
/ 0 667 /
6 999 /
0 821 /
19 408 /
20 019 /
0 064 /
8 999 /
0 585 /
16 949 /
16 069 /
0 20
1 284 /
13 333 /
13 875 /
1
3 / 333
1 974 /
9 10 428 /
1 85 / 142
1 993
/ 4 025
/ 5 365
/ 1 482
/ 34
999 / 0
لوﺪﺟ
.3 ﺮﻳدﺎﻘﻣ حﻼﺻا راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﺳ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ
مودﻪﺟرد -2
h
25
022 5 / 0
084 / 14
799 / 0
739 / 21
017 6 / 0
333 3 / 8
608 / 0
20
024 5 / 0
803 9 / 9
992 / 0
667 / 16
055 / 0
384 / 15
782 / 0
658 / 12
020 1 / 0
236 2 / 3
577 / 0
10 667
/ 1
67 / 166
846 / 0
5 333 /
3
33 /
83
82 / 0
949 /
16 034 /
0 10 774 /
0
255 /
23 0215
/ 0 627 /
11 836 /
0
408 /
20 019 /
0
8 997 /
0
241 /
17
06 / 0
857 /
17 975 /
0
33 /
13 625 /
5 1000
62 / 0
10 2 200
832 /
0
5 2 50 778
/ 0
مودﻪﺟرد -3
5 / 24
022 / 0
75 /
13
773 / 0
73 /
21
017 / 0
132 / 8
581 / 0
20
024 5 / 0
808 / 9
991 / 0
46 /
16
056 4 / 0
283 / 15
765 / 0
71 /
12
019 / 0
203 / 3
461 / 0
97 /
9 671
/ 1
167 / 16 845
/ 0
989 /
4
233 /
3
451 /
80
819 /
0
07 /
25 015 /
0 732 /
9 741 /
0
81 /
22 021 /
0 433 /
11 817 /
0
31 /
20 019 /
0 97 / 7
99 / 0
79 /
16 062 /
0 72 /
17 973 /
0
27 /
13 276 /
3 95 / 576
619 /
0
989 /
9 756 /
1 24 / 175
831 /
0
998 / 4 961
/ 1
49 772
/ 0
مودﻪﺟرد -4
7 / 24
017 / 0
72 /
10
773 / 0
589 / 22
18 /
0
87 /
91
574 / 0
01 /
20
024 2 / 0
72 /
9 991
/ 0
605 / 16
042 / 0
79 /
11
764 / 0
37 //
14
008 / 0
667 / 1
461 / 0
971 / 9
413 / 1
5 / 140
845 / 0
992 /
4
626 /
2
45 /
65
819 /
0
463 /
25 011 /
0 308 /
7 941 /
0
007 /
23 0177
/ 0
41 / 9
817 /
0
52 /
20 018 /
0 962 /
7 99 / 0
38 /
17 059 /
0 85 /
17 973 /
0
286 /
13
02 / 2
6 / 356
619 /
0
10 454 /
1
4 / 145
831 /
0
013 / 5 498
/ 1
68 /
37 772
/ 0
ﻞﻜﺷ 1 : ﻒﻟا هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا رادﻮﻤﻧ :
عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ 1
ب ، : عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ 2
،
ج : عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ 3
د ، : ﻧﻻ عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕ 4 ه ، : ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ
ﻞﻜﺷ
2 : يﺎﻣد رد هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ﻚﺒﺘﻨﻴﺳ رادﻮﻤﻧ 25.c
ﻒﻟا : بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ
ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ qe) ( بﺬﺟ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار و R%)
( ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ
Ce) ( ب ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
1 ج ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
2 ،
د : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
3 ه ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
4 و ، : لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ
R%
ﻞﻜﺷ 4 . ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ
ﻞﻜﺷ 3 . يﺎﻣد رد هﺪﺷ حﻼﺻا راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ يور ﺮﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ﻚﺒﺘﻨﻴﺳ 35.c
) ﻒﻟا : ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ بﺬﺟ ناﺰﻴﻣ تاﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ qe)
( بﺬﺟ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار و R%)
( ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﺎﺑ
ﻲﻟدﺎﻌﺗ Ce) ( ب ، : چ لوا ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ :
مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
1 د ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
2 و ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
3 ه ، : مود ﻪﺟرد ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ -
4 (
و ﺚﺤﺑ ﺘﻧ ﻪﺠﻴ يﺮﻴﮔ
رﺎﺸﺘﻧا ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ ي ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ رد ﮓﻧر
ﻻ ﻪﻳ يزﺮﻣ
بذﺎﺟ تارذ ﻲﻠﺧاد جﺮﻓ و ﻞﻠﺧ و ﻲﺟرﺎﺧ
ﺖﺳا ﻪﻛ
لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺘﻳزﻮﻜﺴﻳو ﺶﻫﺎﻛ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ ﺖﺳا
. ﺎﻣد ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻦﻳا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ
ءﺰﺟ ﻚﻳ ﺮﺑ بذﺎﺟ لدﺎﻌﺗ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ بﺬﺟ
هﺪﺷ
صﺎﺧ ﻣ ﻲ ددﺮﮔ . د ﺮﻣا ﻦﻴﻤﻫ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ و نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻞﻴﻟ
Ct/C0
ﺖﺳا . ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ وOzer
زا ﺎﻣد 25 ﺎﺗ 50 ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ زا نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ 92
ﺎﺗ
6 / 98 % ﺪﺷ ) 42 ( Weng . راﺪﻘﻣ ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد شراﺰﮔ
ﻲﻣ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا بﺬﺟ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ
) 43 ( Yang . ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
رد ﻪﻛ mg/Lﺖﻈﻠﻏ
500 ﻲﻳﺎﻣد و
ْC
0 لدﺎﻌﻣ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
730mg/g ﺎﺗ ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و دﻮﺑ
ْ C
50 ﻪﺑ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ
682mg/g دﺮﻛ اﺪﻴﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ )
21 ( Elass . نﺎﺸﻧ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﺎﻣد زا ﻲﺻﺎﺧ ﺞﻧر رد ﺮﻴﻴﻐﺗ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻧداد ﺛﺄﺗ
يﺮﻴ
بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ رد
ﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ يﺎﻣد و دراﺪﻧ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘ 25
ﺪﺷ مﻼﻋا ﻪﺟرد )
44 ( .
Dogan زا ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ داد شراﺰﮔ شرﺎﻜﻤﻫ و 30
ﻪﺑ 60
ﻪﺟرد ﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻲ داﺮﮔ زا فﺬﺣ ناﺰﻴﻣ
5
10-
* 81 / 1
5ﺎﺗ 10-
* 35 / 2
دﺮﻛ اﺪﻴﭘ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ لﻮﻣ )
45 (.
ﻪﻛ شراﺰﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺎﺑ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ
دراد ﺖﻘﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ .
ﻧر ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ يازا ﻪﺑ ﮓ
زا ﻲﺘﺑﺎﺛ نﺎﻜﻣ يﺎﻫ داﺪﻌﺗ ،بﺬﺟ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ
يﺎﻫ ءﺰﺟ بﺬﺟ هﺪﻧﻮﺷ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻲﻣ ﺪﻨﺑﺎﻳ . و فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ ﻦﻳا
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ بﺬﺟ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا Ncibi .
و ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ
زا ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا 10
ﺎﺗ 50 ﻣ ﻲﻠﻴ مﺮﮔ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺮﺘﻴﻟ ﺮﺑ
زا بذﺎﺟﻮﻴﺑ بﺬﺟ 42
/ 0 ﺎﺗ 64 / 4 ﻣ ﻲﻠﻴ مﺮﮔ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ) 46 ( . تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ شرﺎﻜﻤﻫ وWeng
رد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا
بﺬﺟ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا و فﺬﺣ نﺎﻣﺪﻧار ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﮓﻧر ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
ﺪﺷ ) 43 (.
ﭘ ﺶﻴ ﻲﻨﻴﺑ
دﺮﺑرﺎﻛ ﻲﺣاﺮﻃ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘ بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﻴﺳ
يروﺮﺿ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻲﺘﻌﻨﺻ سﺎﻴﻘﻣ رد بذﺎﺟ ﺖﺳا
ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا رد
عﻮﻧ مود ﻪﺟرد بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﺳ
1 ﺳا .ﺖ Ozacar ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و
ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﺳ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ مود ﻪﺟرد تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ ﺪﻧداد شراﺰﮔ
ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ار ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ ) 27 ( Acemioglu .
لﺎﺳ رد 2005 شراﺰﮔ
بﺬﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﻪﻛ داد K2)
( ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و ﻪﻴﻟوا بﺬﺟ
h) ( ﺎﺑ
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ندز ﻢﻫ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و
،ﮓﻧر ﻪﻴﻟوا h
و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا K2
ﺶﻫﺎﻛ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ راﺪﻘﻣ و
بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ،ﮓﻧر ﻪﻴﻟوا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﺖﻴﻟﺮﭘ بذﺎﺟ يور ﺮﺑ
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و ﺎﻣد ندز ﻢﻫ
اﺪﻴﭘ ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ ) 47 ( . ﻪﻛ
شراﺰﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺑ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﺖﺳد هﺪﻣآ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد
ﻢﻫ ﻧاﻮﺧ ﻲ .دراد
ﺰﺠﺗ ﻪﻳ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺗو بﺬﺟ لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ زﺎﻴﻧ بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﺖﺳا
ﻪﻛ
ﻬﻣ ﻢ ﺮﺗ ﻦﻳ لﻮﻣﺮﻓ ود ﺖﺳا بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻚﻳ كرد ﺖﻬﺟ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺳا
. زا ﺳﺎﺳا ﻲ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا
ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﺳا ار ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ ﻪﻛ
ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ
ﺢﻄﺳ ﻚﻳ يور ﻪﻳﻻ ﻚﺗ ﻚﻳ
ا ﺪﻳ ه لا ضﺮﻓ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ
ﻦﮕﻤﻫ ﺢﻄﺳ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا ﻦﻳا رد ﺖﺳا
ﻪﻤﻫ رد يژﺮﻧا ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ﺎﺳ
ﺖﻳ ﻫ يﺎ
نﺎﺴﻜﻳ و ﺖﺑﺎﺛ بﺬﺟ ﺖﺳا
و ﻢﺗا ﺎﻫ و لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ي بﺬﺟ هﺪﻧﻮﺷ
رد ﺎﺳ ﺖﻳ يﺎﻫ و ﻦﻴﻌﻣ ﺮﻌﺗ ﻒﻳ هﺪﺷ يا بﺬﺟ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻲﺘﻳﺎﺳ ﺮﻫ و
ﻂﻘﻓ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺪﻫد ﺎﺟ دﻮﺧ رد ار ﻢﺗا ﺎﻳ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ ﻚﻳ .
ﻦﻳا رد
،بﺬﺟ لﺪﻣ لﻮﻜﻟﻮﻣ
ﺎﻫ ي بﺬﺟ هﺪﺷ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻢﻫﺮﺑ ﺸﻨﻛ ﻲ ﻢﻫﺎﺑ
ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ . ﻚﺗ لﺪﻣ بﻮﺧ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺗ ﻻ
ﻪﻳ يا ﺮﺑ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ بﺬﺟ يا
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد ﻮﻠﺑ ﻟد ﻪﺑ
ﻞﻴ زا ﻲﺷﺎﻧ بﻮﺧ ﻲﻠﻴﺧ ﻲﺿﺎﻳر قﺎﺒﻄﻧا
نﻮﮕﻤﻫ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﺎﺳ
ﺖﻳ يﺎﻫ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ ﺢﻄﺳ يور ﺮﺑ بﺬﺟ
ﺖﺳا ﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ﻦﻳا دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ بذﺎﺟ حﻼﺻا ﻪﻛ .
مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا
ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ ﺳ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴ يﺎﻫ ار ﻦﮕﻤﻫﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺑﻮﺧ ﻲ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻨﻛ .
ﺢﻄﺳ ﻪﻜﻳرﻮﻄﺑ ﺮﻈﻧزا
يژﺮﻧا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﻏ
ﺮﻴ ﺖﺧاﻮﻨﻜﻳ ﺖﺳا
و
ﺎﺳ ﺖﻳ يﺎﻫ و ﺪﻧراد راﺮﻗ ﻢﻫ رﺎﻨﻛ رد ﺪﻧراد ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻜﻳ يژﺮﻧا ﻪﻛ
ﻪﻜﺗ ﺎﻫ ي ﻢﻫ ﺮﺑ ﺢﻄﺳ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺛﺄﺗ
يﺮﻴ ﺪﻧراﺪﻧ ) 38 ( . ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ رد
Pavan تﺪﻣ رد بﺬﺟ ﺮﺜﻛاﺪﺣ ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و 48
يﺎﻣد رد
25 pH و ﻦﻴﺑ 7 ﺎﺗ 10 دﻮﺑ ) 19 (.
ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ رد Bulut
و
لﺎﺳ رد ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ 2006
رد ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ 60
ﺪﻴﺳر لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا بذﺎﺟ زود ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ ﮓﻧر فﺬﺣ راﺪﻘﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﻛ سﺎﻤﺗ نﺎﻣز ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ يﺎﻫﺎﻣد رد بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻢﻤﻴﺴﻛﺎﻣ و
30،40 و 50 ﻪﺟرد ﺗﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺐﻴ لدﺎﻌﻣ 56 / 16
، 83 / 20 و 5 / 21
ﻣ ﻲﻠﻴ مﺮﮔ مﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﺖﺳا ) 48 ( . لﺎﺳ رد ﺶﻧارﺎﻜﻤﻫ و ﺎﻴﺒﻧا 2010
تﺪﻣ رد ﺶﻨﻛاو ﺪﻧدﺮﻛ رﺎﻬﻇا 1h
ﺎﻣد ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا ﺎﺑ و ﺪﻴﺳر لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ
زا 30 ﺎﺗ 50 ﺶﻳاﺰﻓا بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻪﺟرد ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﺑﺎﻳ ) 49 (.
ﻪﻨﻴﻬﺑ ﻂﻳاﺮﺷ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ و توﺎﻔﺘﻣ يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ ﺮﺛا ﻲﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳا ﺎﺑ ﺎﻣزآ ﺶﻳ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺧادﺮﭘ ﻪﺘﺳﻮﻴﭘﺎﻧ بﺬﺟ .
ﻪﻛ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺑ ﻮﻠﺑ ﻦﻠﻴﺘﻣ ﮓﻧر
ﻪ
بﺬﺟ بذﺎﺟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ هﺎﺗﻮﻛ نﺎﻣز رد تﺪﺷ
ﻣ ﻲ دﻮﺷ بﺬﺟ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﺖﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ راﺮﻓ ﺮﺘﺴﻛﺎﺧ حﻼﺻا و
ﺪﻳدﺮﮔ . ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣﺎﺑ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ و ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ مﺮﺗوﺰﻳا يﺎﻫﺮﺘﻣارﺎﭘ
عﻮﻧ ﺮﻴﻤﮕﻧﻻ لﺪﻣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﺷ 1
لﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻲﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ زا
رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﭻﻴﻟﺪﻧوﺮﻓ ﺖﺳا
مود ﻪﺟرد تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ و عﻮﻧ–
1 ﻮﺤﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺮﺗ ي ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ار بﺬﺟ ﻚﻴﺘﻨﺳ ﻣ
ﻲ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ . ﻨﭽﻤﻫ راﺮﻗ ﻦﻴ
رد ﻲﺤﻄﺳ بﺬﺟ تﺪﺷ و ﻚﻴﻜﻔﺗ رﻮﺘﻛﺎﻓ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﻦﻴﺑ هدوﺪﺤﻣ 0
و 1 ندﻮﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ و بﺬﺟ ﺪﻨﻳاﺮﻓ ندﻮﺑ يﻮﻗ ﺮﺑ
بذﺎﺟ حﻼﺻا هﺪﺷ رﻮﻛﺬﻣ ﻛﺄﺗ ﺪﻴ ﻣ ﻲ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ .
ﺮﻜﺸﺗ و ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ هﺮﻣز رد ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﻳا حﺮﻃ
ﺎﻫ ي ﻲﺳﺪﻨﻬﻣ تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﻛﺮﻣ بﻮﺼﻣ
نﺎﻣﺮﻛ ﻲﻜﺷﺰﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﻂﻴﺤﻣ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ ﺖﺳا
ﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻤ
و تﺎﻘﻴﻘﺤﺗ ﺖﻧوﺎﻌﻣ ﻦﻓ
روآ ي ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳا هﺪﻴﺳر مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد
ﺪﺑ ﻦﻳ ﻪﻠﻴﺳو ﻲﻣ يراﺰﮕﺳﺎﭙﺳ نارﺎﻛرﺪﻧا ﺖﺳد زا ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻧ
.
References
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Kinetics and Isotherm Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Fly Ash
1, Malakootian M(PhD)2 )
MSc ( Sh Rezaei
1. MSc in Department of Environmental Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj,Iran
2. Corresponding Author: Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Abstract
Introduction: Colored Wastewater due to various environmental problems should be treated before discharge to the environment. Colors have many variety and different methods used for color wastewater treatment, the most widely methods that used is the absorption process by the low-cost adsorbent. To determine the isotherms and kinetics adsorption Process, absorption of methylene blue cationic dye as an indexed color were investigated by activated thermal power plant fly ash from of Zarand.
Methods: In this experimental study, raw fly ash during 5h, acid concentration 1.8M, acid to fly ash ratio 7 and temperature 29±2 ˚C was activated by sulfuric acid. After determining the optimal values of parameters in the absorption process (pH, contact time, concentration of adsorbent) isotherms Freundlich and Langmuir Type 1, 2, 3, 4 and Kinetics of first and second types1, 2, 3 and 4 and the separation factor was determined.
Results: The activated fly ash removed 99.8% of methylene blue dye in concentration 50mg /L in optimal conditions (pH= 9, time: 30minutes, the adsorbent dose 3g /L). Process comply from second kinetics with R = 1 and Langmuir isotherm type1 with R = 0.997.
Conclusion: Since the separation factor and the adsorption is in the range between 0 and 1, therefore the absorption process is optimal. In conclusion, active fly ash, acts as a strong adsorbent in methylene blue dye adsorption and Isotherms and kinetics study of absorption process of this practice is confirmed.
Keywords: Isotherms, Kinetics, Absorption
