18 Nghiin ciiu Song Nam A 4I20I5
^ XAY DL/NG CONG DONG CHINH TR! - AN NINH ASEAN:
N H Q N G KHO KHAN Cl PHIA TRl/dC
NGUYEN THU MY*
C
uoi thdng 12 nam 2015, Cong d i n g ASEAN (AC) se eMnh thdc ra ddi. Ld mot tiong 3 tru cot cua AC, theo ke hoach, viec xdy diftig Cdng dong Chinh tri - An nmh ASEAN (APSC )cflng se hodn thdnh vao dip d6. Trong Bdo cao hang ndm dpe tai Hpi nghi Thdpng dmh ASEAN Ian thff 25 diSn ra vdo ngay 11 thdng 11 hdm 2014 tai Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, Tong Thd ky ASEAN L& Luong Minh eho bilt, cho tdi thbi dilm do, khoang 85 % hay 125 trong s l 147 dbng hdnh dOng (action Unes) cua Chuong trinh Ting the ve APSC se ddgc thtfc Men.Viec thue Men thdnh cong 125 ddng hdnh dpng tren dd tdc ddng tich cUc tdi Dong Nam A. Mdc du mdi tnfdng an mnh khu vflc v l n ebn nMlu bdp b&nh, nhUng v l ed ban, hoa binh vd on dinh trong khu vtfc vdn dugc gifl vflhg.
Tuy nM&n, trong qud trtnh ti&'p tuc M&n thflc hba APSC, ASEAN dang phai dli dien vdi nhitog khd khdn khong nhd. Vdy nbflng khd khdn dd Id gi? Ldm th&' ndo d l vUgt qua nhflhg khd khan dd ? Bdi vilt ndy se gbp p h l n thao luan nhitog vd'n dl tr&n
1. Nhflng k h o k h a n t r o n g qua trinh t i e p t u c thtfc h i ? n Ke h o a c h Tong t h l v e APSC
1.1. Tranh c h a p c h u quy^n & Bien Ddng
Mde dfl trong may thdng g i n ddy, tinh trang cdng t h i n g d Biln D5ng da phln ndo diu xuong sau khi ASEAN ra Tuy&n b l v l Biln Dong, nhuhg nguy cO xung d6t cf vung bien ndy vdn t i l m tdng. Trung Quic khdng ttf bd ldp trfldng giai quylt tranh chdp B i l n Dong tr&n ed sd song phuong. Vl p h a n minh, ASEAN M&n dinh gidi quylt cudc t r a n h chap dd tr&n co sd da phuong. Lap trtfdng tr&n ciia ASEAlSf dugc My vd cdc nude Idn khde iing hd. Su can dtf eiia My giup ASEAN giff vflhg l|p tnfdng cua minh, nhitog cung k h i l n Trung Quic trd nen khd ehiu hon. Tranh chip mdu thudn d Bien Dong da trd thdnh tranh chap quoe t e vdi it n h a t 4 cap dp : i) gida mgt so ntfdc ASEAN vdi nhau; ii) giffa Viet Nam vd Trung Quoc (d Hodng Sa) -,111) giffa 4 nude ASEAN vd Trung Quie vd iv) giffa Trung Quic vdi My vd cdc nddc ldn khdc dang sd dung cde tuyin
^ PGS.TS. Nguyin Thu Mj, Vi6n NghiSn cdu D6ng Nam A
Nguyin Thu My - Xdy dung Cgng dong Chinh trf - An ninh ASEAN... 19 dudng b i l n chay qua B i l n Ddng. Do vdy,
vi&e giai quylt v^n de Bien Ddng dang trd nen ngdy cdng phflc t a p hdn.
Chitog ndo cude t r a n h chap chu q i ^ l n nay chda dtfge giai quylt, hay it nhat dtfge quan ly mgt edeh M$u qua, nguy eo bimg no xung dgt vu trang, thdm chi Id cMen tranh, vSn tilm I n . De bao vg chii quyln vd an ninh eua minh, ede ntfdc ASEAN, trtfde h&'t Id ede ntfdc dang tranh chap chu quyln d Biln Dong, da gia tdng ti&'p tue mua sam vu kM. Vl pMa minh, Trung Quic Uen tuc gia tdng ngdn sdeh qu6'c phbng, nhdm Men dai hda qudn dgi, ddc biet la hai quan vd khong quan. Mpt cupe chay dua vu trang dang diln ra trong thtfc t l .
Trong mdt m6i tnfdng an Mnh ngdy cang bap b&nh nhtf v^y, cde ntfdc ASEAN se khd tap trung tri life vd tai Itfc eho eong cudc xay dUhg AC, trong dd ed APSC.
1.2. Nhfltag vd'n d l trong n g i b^ c a c ntfdfc t h a n h vi&n ASEAN
Cho tdi nay, hau h i t eac nddc thanh vi&n ASEAN diu ed tianh chd'p v l lanh tho, ldnh hai vdi nhau. Mdt so tranh chd'p dd dtfde giai quy&'t, nhuhg nMlu tranh chd'p khdc chi dddc gdc lai (tranh chd'p Xaba gifla PMUppin va Malaixia Id mdt vi du). NhCtog tianh chd'p dd rat d& bung phdt thdnh xung dot, kM hi cdc ntfdc ldn ngodi khu vtfc lgi dung, hodc kM mpt ntfdc ndo dd, do bat lUe trong viee giai quy&'t vdh d l trong nddc, tim cdch htfdng sU chu y cua nhdn ddn nUde hg ra ben ngodi. Sfl bung phdt tranh chd'p d i n Preah Vihear phai ehdng Id mOt vi du v l dilu ndy? Neu Thdi Lan khdng lam vdo cu^c khung hoang
ehinh tri keo ddi tfl thdng 9/ 2006 cho tdi gan ddy, Ueu hp ed khdi lai tranh ehap ngdi d l h tr&n vdi CampucMa khdng?
Trong thue t&', hp da chd'p nh$n phdn quylt v l chli quyln d l i vdi d i n Preah
"Vihear eua JCC tfl 1962.
Hgp tde chinh tri- an mnh khu vUe chi ed t h l thdnh c6ng kM cdc qud'c gia d khu vtfc do ed ehung nhdn thffc v l m6'i de dga an mnh. Dilu nay chtfa ton tai trong ASEAN. Mpt so nude thdnh vi&n coi Trung Qud'e Id md'i de dga an mnh cd d t i m ngin han vd dai ban. So khdc lai coi Tnmg Quo'c Id chd dfla, ebn My Id md'i de dga doi vdi su t i n tai ch&' dd cua hg.
Nhflhg khdc biet tr&n trong nhdn thdc ve moi de dpa doi vdi an mnh qub'c gia eiia cdc nddc thdnh vien da bi cdc nddc ldn triet de khai thac. Trung Quoe tim mpi edeh Idi keo cde nfldc cd quan diem tich cfle v l hp. Hoa ky ldm song dpng Iai cde quan he U&n minh vdi PhiUppines, Thdi Lan, d i n g thdi tich cue loi kdo ede nddc dang tranh chap chu quyen vdi Trung Qud'c d Biln Ddng vd cdc nddc dang co vd'n d l vdi Trung Quoe. Ke't qua la ASEAN bi cMa re thdnh cde nhbm nfldc "than Trung Quoc",
"thdn My", nhflhg nflde ebn lai dang n l lUc d l ed t h l can bang quan h& vdi cd hai ctfdng quoc tren. Mot ASEAN nhd vay khdng the dam bao t h a n h cdng that sd cho vi&c M&n thtfc hda APSC.
Cdc nfldc ASEAN eung khSng cd nhan thflc chung ve khung bd', m l i de dpa an mnh vd I n dinh cMnh tri d nhilu nfldc Dong Nam A Men nay. Philippin vd Thdi Lan coi dd la mgt van de an mnh truyin
20 Ngliien cim Dong Nam A 4/2015 thing, cde ntfdc khdc lai xem dd Id thdch
tiiflc an ninh pM truyin thong. Tham cM cd nhitog nddc khong eho rdng ntfdc hg dang phai doi dien vdi moi de dga khung bo. Do edeh tilp can ve ehii ngMa khiing bo khac nhau giiJa eac nddc thdnh vien, nen hgp tdc chd'ng khung bo cua ASEAN cM dugc tie'n hanh tren cd sd song phddng hodc ba ben. Hdp tac da phuong thong qua ASEAN cM diing lai d cac tuyen bd', cac hpi thao, hgi n^ii.--
Ve phuong dien chinh tri, cdc ndde ASEAN cung it cd ldi ieh chung. Mpt so' nudc coi ddn chu hda ddi song chinh tri a i a dat nddc Id mot trong nhflhg tien d l de phdt trien. So' khdc lai cho r i n g , ban ehe' dan chli d gim doan dau eua thdi 'ky phdt trien la can tiiiet de dam bao on dinh ehinh tri trong nudc .
Tfl nhitog thtfc t&' tren e6 the thdy cae nudc thanh vien ASEAN khdng that su ed nMeu lgi ich chung trong hgp tae ehinh tri- an ninh . Hp deu muon mpt Dong Nam A hba binh, on dinh de phdt triln, nhuhg hg khdc nhau tiong nhdn thfle ve phtfong cdch tie'n tdi hba bmh, on dinh trong khu vtfc.
Chinh nhflng su khac biet dd da kMen eho ASEAN khdng the tie'n len nhCtog bUde cao hon ti-ong hgp tae khu vtfc ve chinh tri vd an ninh.
1^. Nhflng k h o k h a n trong qua trinh trien khai c a c hoat d g n g c u a ASEAN
Trong Bdo cdo hang ndm cua Tong Thd ky ASEAX tai Hgi n ^ Thddng dinh to chdc vdo thdng 5 ndm 2014, dng L& Ltfohg Minh dd de cap tdi nhuhg khd khdn dang
can trd cdc boat dgng cua ASEAN trong nhitog nam viia qua vd ca trong nhitog ndm sdp tdi. Theo ong, viec tMe'u nguon kfc, thie'u nguin cung tai chinh, ndng lUc cimg nhtf tMeu cdc ca ch&' phoi hgp Meu qua ea 6 cap dd quoc gia vd khu vtfc, b&n trong vd vtfgt ra ngoai eac linh vife vd cac tru cgt Id nhflhg can trd dd'i vdi viec thuc Men z3 ke hoach tong the vd eac ke hoach cdng tac trong cdc linh vife tUong dhg"'.
a. Ve khd fdi&n ve ngudn /«t (di chinh, Tong Thd ky Le LdOng Minh cho bilt, viec thifc Men cdc chuong trinh, dxi dn vd hoat dgng eiia ASEAN chii yeu do cac nUdc thdnh vien tai trg thong qua tiln mat vd eae ddng gdp hao tdm. Ngoai eung cd'p kinh pM tnfc tilp cho boat dpng eua Ban T h u ^ ASEAN, cde trung tam, ede quy ddc biet vd cde quy chung cua ASEAN, cdc nha nudc thdnh vi&n cbn phai gdnh vac cM pM, nhan Itfc, phtfong tien va cdc nguon life can thiet cho cae hgi n ^ , cae ehtfdhg trinh, dtf an thUc Men tren pham vi khu vtfc vd d ehinh ntfdc hg. Mac du khong muon dUa qua nMeu vao cac nguin Itfe b&n ngodi vi quan ngai mat vm trb t n m g tam dia ASEAN trong ca'u true khu vifc, ASEAN vdn phai can df^ vdi cdc ddi tdc dd'i thoai vd cdc doi tac ben ngoai khac de dUpe hd trg tdi chinh vd vien trg ky thuat de thifc Men cdc bien phdp khdc nhau cua 3 ke hoach tong the.
Trong nam 2015 ndy, .ASEAN da vd se phai tien hdnh vo so cde boat dgng de thifc Men not nhitog bien phdp ebn lai eua 3 Ke hoach tong the, soan thao cdc vdn Men tiep theo cho 3 cgng dong sau 2015 vd 15 ke hoach cong tac Uen Unh vtfc. Tat ea nhitog boat dpng nay diu can tdi Mnh pM. De giai'
i ; Nguyen Thu My - Xdy dung CPng dong Chinh tri - An ninh ASEAN... 21 qisyet van d l ndy, T i n g Thtf ky cho rang
cin c6 k l hoach tdi chinh todn dien, trong dd bao g i m ca eMeh luge huy dgng nguin ldc va cd c h l eung cap tdi ehinh b i n vitog*^'.
6. Thiiu hiiu biit va su quan tam cda ngiidi d&n ASEAN vi AC va cdc tru cpt . Ddy la mgt can trd ldn khae doi vdi viee Men thtfc hda APSC, AEC va ASCC. To chflc ndy mdi dtfge eac nhd lanh dao cdc ntfdc thanh vi&n vd eae co quan U&n quan tdi ASEAN d cde ntfdc dd biet tdi nMlu.
P h l n ldn ngtfdi dan ASEAN, k l ca cdc doanh ngMep, eimg khong may quan tam tdi ASEAN. Mdt ASEAN khSng nhdn dtfOe sd quan tdm cua chinh nhdn nhdn dan minh se khdng the thdnh eong. Trong nhffhg ndm qua, chinh phu eac ntfdc thdnh vi&n ASEAN da thue day nhieu hoat dpng tuy&n truyin vd ldm gia tdng sd Men di&n ciia ASEAN d nddc hg. Tuy nMen, su Meu bie't vd quan tdm tdi ASEAN cua ngtfdi dan trong khu vtfc Mep hpi vdn khong may tiln triln. Trong bdo cdo tren ciia minh, Ting thtf 1 ^ L& Luong Minh cflng thfla nhan thdc t&' dd kM eho rimg "...dddng nhu khong cb sd ket noi gifla nhitog n l life ciia ASEAN, sd tMch hdp vd lgi ich eiia nd doi vdi cdc nhd ndde thanh vien va cudc sing cua nhan ddn ASEAN*^' Theo ong, thdc trang nay la do ASEAN "chtfa do dtfge cde tde dgng cu the vd phdn tieh ede sdng Min eua ASEAN anh hddng trdc tiep va gidn ti&'p tdi nhffng phat triln eua khu vtfc nhtf t h l ndo. Trong kM truyin thong vd cdc nhd nghi&n edu cMln luge thtfdng xuyen can dU vdo cac cupc thao ludn, tM cMnb ASEAN Iai khong ed bien phdp d l xac dinh mgt edeh rb rdng Meu qua vd nhitog hp luy eua cde nS Itfc hgi nhdp
khu Vlfc, phan tich quy md vd tong the v l nhuhg tac dgng eua ASEIAN vdi td cdch mgt chinh thl". D l khae phue tinh trang ti&n vd "dl ASEAN ti&'p tue ed stf t m nMem va tMch hgp khong cM vdi nhan dan cua nd md vdi ca egng d i n g quoc t l ASEAN phai ed kha nang chuyen vd chdng td nhflhg ddng gop that stf doi vdi khu vtfc vao nam 2015 vd xa hon".
c. Nhdng can trd td thi chi cua ASEAN Nhuhg nguyen nhdn dan tdi eac ban e h l cua ASEAN trong nhitog nam qua cung dtfge mgt s l quan ehde cMnh phu cua eac nddc ASEAN mo xe. Tr&n td Bdd di&n Giacacta s l ra 5/2/2013, Roby Arya Brata, nhd phdn tich cMnh sdeh vd luat quo'c te eua Ban thtf ky npi cdc Indonesia da cM ra hai nguyen nhdn khdc. Dd Id "sd ph&
ehuan cham chap va thflc hien cdc chddng trinh cua cdc nddc thdnh vi&n" va "quyen lue khong du eua Ban Thfl ky ASEAN de dilu phd'i, thuc day vd ehi dao cac chinh sdeh, ede chddng trinh vd hoat dgng cua ASEAN vd ciia cdc nha nfldc thdnh vi&n de dat dugc APSC". Vl nguyen nhdn thd hai, tdc gia cho rdng, vdi ngdn sdch khdng thoa dang, chdc ndng cua Ban Thd ky gid'ng nhd mdt buu dien, mdt van phdng H&n lac eiia ASEAN, "Ban Thu ky ASEAN khong t h l sda chffa, eM dao ehinh sach, chdOng trinh, hoat dgng eiia cae nha nflde thanh vi&n khdng phfl hgp vdi nhitog boat dgng, cdc chuong trinh dflgc ddt ra trong K&' hoach tong t h l v l APSC"''*'. NhCtog ban che ciia ASEAN cbn ddpc tac gia quy cho Hpi nghi thtfdng dinh ASEAN. Theo Roby Arya Brata, "Hgi nghi Thflong dinh ASEAN, cd quan ra quylt dinh cao nhd't cung yeu
22 Nghien cihi Ddng Nam A 4/2015 trong vi&c bupc thtfc tM vd "trCtog phat" eac
quoc gia thdnh vi&n ASEAN (AMS)'^^
khong Mdn thu cdc ngi^en tic, ede muc tieu dugc gM tiong H i l n chuong"*^'.
Ddnh gid chung v l cac the c h l aia ASEAN, tdc gia cho r d i ^ "... nhflhg xung dot g i n ddy anh htfdng tdi AMS cho thay, khu6n kho the che eua APSC Id yeu dt tiong viec giai quy&'t tranh chap vd duy tri hba binh trong khu vtfc. Cdc trtfdng hgp Biln Ddng, tranh ehap lanh tho Thdi Lan- Campuchia, 6 nMem khdi bui xuyen quoc gia vd cdc v ^ d l quyln con ngtfdi da ehitog td mdt khuon k h i the c h l nhtf vdy Id khdng Mpu qua trong viee quan ly va giai quye't vd'n dl"*^.
D l khac phue nhflhg ye'u kem tr&n, tdc gia khuyin nghi " Hiln chfldng ASEAN cin dugc xem lai d l tang nMeu quyen Itfc eho Ting Thu ky ASEAN d l Ting Thu ky boat ddng khong cM nhtf mdt quan chdc U&n lae md nhu mdt " Bp ferUdng " dieu phoi Cpng ding ASEAN va nhu mgt Bp tnfdng ngoai giao. Ohg ta/ bd ta vd Ban thd ky ASEAN can boat ddng nhU mpt co quan dieu phoi vd hoach dinh chinh sdch. Tuy nM&n, Ban Thd ky cd the d l nghi nhitog chinh sdch mdi hodc nhitt^ chinh sda cho Hgi nghi Thugng dmh phe chuln"'*^
Ngodi khuyen nghi tren, Roby Arya Brata cbn dua ra mpt so khuye'n nghi khde nhu thong qua nhuhg c6ng Udc manh me v l chong tham nhung vd quan tri tot, tianh chap bien vd bao ve moi tnfdhg, buon bdn ngtfdi, buon bdn ma tuy ba't hop phdp, tUdng trg v l phap ludt, rda tien va cdc hinh thde tgi pham xuy&n quo'c gia
k h d c . D l cdc cong tfdc dd cd Meu life, ASEAN phai cd tba dn cd quyln phdn xU cde tranh chap gifla cdc AMS vd triftig phat cac t^i ac xuy&n quic gia.. D l tba iai lam viec cd M&u qua, cdc AMS cin dinh nghia lai vd d i l n dich mgt cdch t h ^ trpng vd rd rdng pham vi vd cdc dinh nghia ve cdc ngluen tde "chu quyen", "khong can tMep", "todn ven quoe gia" ddgc gM trong Hiln chtfong ASEAN.
NhCtog khiQf&'n nghi tr&n ciia Roby Arya Brata nen dtfge cdc nhd lanh dao ASEAN cdn nhac kM hoach dinh T i m nMn AC sau 2015. De T i n g Thtf ky ASEAN ed tiie hoat ddng nhtf mpt " Bg trtfdng dilu phoi" nhif mgt " Bp trtfdng Ngoai giao ", ASEAN se phai tien l&n nd'c thang eao hdh tiong tien trinh hpi nhdp khu vtfc. Vdi thUe trang h6i nhdp nhu Men nay, rd't khd de ASEAN lam dupe nhtf vay, ngay ca kM cdc ntfdc th&rh vi&n khong bi cMa re trong v&i dl biln Dong nhtf da t h i y trong thdi gian vfla qua 2. Mgt v a i k h u y e n n g h i
Dilm qua mpt so khd khan ldn dang can trd qua trinh xdy dUhg APSC noi rieng, AC ndi ehung, ed the dU bao rdng ASEAN khd cd the xdy ditog xong APSC nhu mong mud'n. Mdc du cM cbn phai thdc Men 22 ddng hdnh dpng trong t i n g so 147 ddng hdnh dpng ddgc d l ra trong K l hoach Ting the v l APSC, nhtfng do Id cdc dbng hdnh dpng r a t khd thtfc M&n, thdm cM li khong the thtfc Men xong vdo euli nam 2015 ndy.
Trong kha ndng cua minh, chung toi khong the de xud't cac khuy&'n nghi de giup
I Nguyen Thu My - Xdy dung Cdng dSng Chinh tri - An ninh ASEAN... 23 ASEAN khac phuc tat ca cdc can trd tren.
O day, xin gtfi tdi cdc nhd ldnh dao ASEAN hai khuyen i^M:
Thd nfidt, nSn c&n nfidc v&n dung Cong thdc gidi quyit vdn di Campuchia do ViSt Nam diia ra di gidi quyit vdn de Biin Bdng
Theo ehung tdi, dfl Trung Qud'e khong thfla nhan nhtfng tranh chd'p chu quyln d Biln Dong khdng cM Id vd'n dl gifla ASEAN va Trung Quic ma ddy cbn la van d l gifla Trung Quoc va ede nflde ldn cd lgi ieh trong an todn hang hai cf Biln Dong.
Ndi edeh khdc, vd'n de ndy dd ddpc quoe t l hda. Do vay, giai quyet vd'n d l Biln Ddng phai ddgc ti&'n hdnh theo cdch giai quy&'t mdt van de an ninh bi quie t l hda. Cach ti&'p cdn cua Viet Nam trong viec giai quylt vd'n d l CampucMa tnfdc ddy n&n dtfge ngM&n eflu, vdn dung. N&'u vdn dung cdch tiep can dd cua Viet Nam, cd t h l thay van d l Bien Ddng eung ed hai mdt: mdt n | i bd vd mdt quic t&'. Mat n&i b6 Id tranh chap giffa 4 ntfdc trong khu vtfc (Viet nam, PhiUpmes, Malaysia va Brunei) d Bien Ddng. Mdt qud'e te Id giffa ASEAN va Trung Quie, gifla Trung Quoc vd My cung mgt sd' nddc ldn khde ed Idi ieh trong an todn hdng hdi d Bien Dong.
D l giai quy&'t v l h d l dd, tnfde h i t eac nUde ASEAN dang tranh ehap d Bien Ddng nen thdong lugng d l phdn dinh ehii quyen eiia hp d vung bien ndy. Cdc k&'t qua thuong lupng can dugc cMnh thffe hda b l n g cdc hi&p dinh dtfge qud'c t l thfla nhdn. Tilp dd, ASEAN vd Trung Qud'c se ddm phan d l giai quylt mdt quic t l . Cd
t h l Trung Qud'c se khdng chd'p nhan cae k i t qua phdn dinh chu quyen ciia 4 nUde ASEAN trtfde dd, nhitog vdi mdt ti&'ng ndi chung cua ea khd'i, B l c Kinh it nMeu se phai l i n g nghe. Dda tr&n cdc k&'t qua cua vbng dam phdn ndy. My vd cde nfldc ldn khde se khdi dpng ddm phdn vdi Tnmg Qud'c ve an todn hang hai cf Biln Dong.
Tren eO sd ede ket qua cua cdc vbng dam phdn tr&n, mot giai phap cho va'n d l Biln Dong se dUOc soan thao dddi danh nghia Li&n Hgp Qud'c.
Qua trinh di d&'n giai phdp ehinh tri cho van de Biln Dong theo Cdng thdc giai quy&'t van d l Campuchia trfldc day se ra't khb khan va eung ra't khd de Trung Qudc chd'p nhan. Tuy nM&n, ASEAN nen can n h i c mpi cong thde, mpi kieh ban dugc d l xult tfl trong vd ngodi khu vife de tim ra cdng thfle c6 kha nang thde M&n nhd't n h i m sdm gidi quy&'t vd'n d l Bien Dong.
Thd hai, nSn hoc tap each huy dpng Quy van dpng bdu cd cda cac dng vien Tdng t/iSng My di huy ddng thSm nguon lUc cha cdc hogt dgng sdp tdi cda ASEAN
\^&c tMeu hut nguon ldc eho cac boat ddng eua ASEAN Id mgt thdch thflc ldn khong d l vdpt qua. Se r i t khb d l huy dpng th&m stf ddng gdp eua ede ntfdc thdnh vi&n.
Viee trong vdo sU tdi tig cua cdc dli tde la khong dl. Cac dd'i tae db ehi s i n sdng bd t i l n ra, n&'u tim thay lgi ich Idn, hoac kha ndng rdng budc dugc ASEAN, trong cde dtf dn md ASEAN keu ggi tdi trg. NhOhg thuc te' trong quan he cua ASEAN vdi cdc nfldc Idn, ddc biet Id vdi Trung Qud'e va My... da eho thay dilu dd.
24 Nghien cdu Dong Nam A 4/2015 ASEAN e i n tun Mim cde nguin ldc
tiong khu vtfc ciia minh. Cdc cong ty ldn, cdc tdp dodn Mnh te quic gia, si&u qud'e gia Id nhffng doi tfldng nen htfdng tdi. Hg ed the ddng gdp nguon Itfc, n&'u ASEAN cho hg thay cdc lgi ich md hg eb the eo dtfdc td sfl ddhg gdp do.
Kinh n l i i e m lap Quy bau cijf eua T i n g thing Obama cflng nen dtfge ASEAN tim Meu trong cMe'n Itfge huy dpng nguon Iflc.
Neu m l i ngddi ddn ASEAN ung hp 2 USD, tM vdi 650 trieu dan, ASEAN se ed dtfge nguin Itfc ldn d l ti&'n hdnh cdc hoat dpng cua nunh vi lgi ich ciia nhan dan ASEAN.
Ket lu^n
Vdi nhitog n§ ldc khong met mdi cua chinh phli ede nddc thdnh vien, eua Ban thfl k^ ASEAN vd sd ung hd eua cdc dd'i tdc dd'i thoai, vi&c Men thflc hda AC nbi chung, APSC ndi rieng, dd dat ddgc nhffng ket qua to Idn. Doan dddng tdi dich khong cbn xa. Tuy nM&n, d doan cub'i ndy, cde nM&m vu md ASEAN phdi hodn thdnh deu Id nhitog nM$m vu rd't khd khdn. D l hodn thdnh cde nMgm vu dd, cM y eM hgp tdc cua cdc nhd ldnh dao Id khdng du. ASEAN phdi that sfl hUdng tdi ngtfdi dan ASEAN.
Dieu ndy khdng t h l cM v l n Id khau M&u.
ASEAN phai cd ndng Itfc dem lai lgi ich cu t h l cho mli ngtfdi dan cua nd. Hgp tde ve chinh tri - an ninh phai dat dtfge muc ti&u duy tri hba binh vd I n dinh trong khu vifc, trudc h i t Id van d l Biln Ddng. Be giai quylt van d l ndy, ASEAN can chu y hgc hoi kmh ngM&m gidi quyet cae vdh d l an ninh khu vtfc bi quic t l hda, trong dd ed v l h de CampucMa trtfde ddy.
Hgp tdc vd hpi nh^p kinh t l phai trt thdnh nhan t l quan tigng nhd't tao n&n sif thinh vtfdng d Ddng Nam A. CM cb nhit v^y, ASEAN mdi ehitog td dugc gia tri thfit stf eua nd doi vdi chinh phii vd nhdn dan ede ntfdc thdnh vi&n. Dilu ndy, de'n lugt no, se gidp ASEAN gidi quye't dugc cdc khiS khdn Men nay d l tiep tuc Men dien tiong khu vtfc vd the' gidi vdi td each Id t l ehlic hgp tdc khu vtfc thdnh edng nhat eua ck ntfdc dang phdt triln./.
C H U THICH
1. Xem th&m "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL OF ASEAN ON THE WORK OF ASEAN 25th ASEAN SUMMIT Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar 11 -12 November 2014.
2. Xem them : ANNUAL REPORT OF THB SECRETARY-GENERAL OF ASEAN, Tii U&u da dan.
3. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SECRE- TARY-GENERAL OF ASEAN.Tdi li§u di ddn
4. Building the ASEAN Political-Security Community iwww.theja/iartapostcom/nevisi 2013/02/05^uilding-the-asean-poUticai•
sucurity.html.
5. AMS Id td viet t i t cda cum tfl ASEAN Member State
6. Building the ASEAN Political-Security Commumty (www. thejakartapostcon\/nevi^
2013/02/05/building-the-asean-political- sucurity.html.
7. Building the ASEAN Political-Securitj Commumty iwww.thejakartapostcoialii&fii 2013/02/0 5/building-the-asean-politica!
sucurity.html.
8. Bdi vi^t trgn.
