TAP GHi CONG THIftfNG
CAI CACH HANH CHINH
THCfl LE THANH TONG VA NHCTNG BAI HOC DOI VCfl VIET NAM TRONG VIEC TO CHlfC
BO MAY CHINH QUYEN DIA PHlJOfNG
• NGO SY TRUNG - LE SON TUNG
TOM TAT:
Cai each hanh chinh dffde tie'n hanh qua eac trieu dai trong lich sff cua Vidt Nam vdi nhieu ndi dung. Trong pham vi bai vidt nay, tac gia chi tap trung phan tich ndi dung cai each td chffc bp may ehinh quyin thdi vua Le Thanh Tdng - thdi ky dffde danh gia la phat trien rffc rd nhdt trong quan ly nha nffdc va phat triin xa hdi cua trieu dai nha Le. Bang phffdng phap nghidn effu chu ydu la phan tieh, tong hdp tai heu, tac gia gdp phdn lam sang td each thffc td chffc chinh quy^n thdi Ld Thanh Tdng va gdi y mdt sd' bai hpc kinh nghiem trong vide td chffe bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng d Vidt Nam hien nay.
Ttf khoa: Cai each hanh chinh, td chffc bd m^y, chinh quyin dia phffdng, Viet Nam.
1. Cai each hanh chinh
Thuat ngff "cai each" thffdng dffde ndi de'n vdi y nghia la sff thay doi ed ban mpt trang thai, mdt dd'i tffdng lam eho dd'i tffdng dd cd sff thay ddi phu hdp vdi yeu cau kh^ch quan cua qua trinh phat trien, l^m cho nd trd nen td't hdn theo nhu clu cua con ngffdi. Tff dien Bach khoa Viet Nam dinh nghia: "Cai each la sff sffa ddi, cai thien mdt so' mat cua ddi sdng xa hpi ma khdng ddng tdi nen tang cua chddd xa hdi hien hanh" hoac "cai each la doi mdi mpt sd mat cua sff vat ma khdng lam thay ddi can ban cua sff vat do" [14], Theo Tff dien Tie'ng Viet, "cai each la sffa ddi eai cu da trd thanh lac hau de cho phu hdp, dap ffng yeu cau cua tinh hlnh" [8].
Nhff vay, cai each cd the dffde tie'n hanh d ta't ca cac Iinh vffe hoat ddng cua eon ngffdi. Dd'i vdi boat ddng quan Iy, dieu hanh eua nha nffdc (boat ddng cua bd may hanh chinh nha nffdc), do xa
hdi van ddng va bie'n doi khdng ngffng, trong khi nhffng quy tac hanh chinh, nhffng each thffc quan Iy, dieu hanh hanh chinh deu do con ngffdi datra va mang tinh ehu quan, cho nen ne'u khdng kip tbdi thay ddi de phu hdp khach quan vdi quy luat v|n ddng cua xa hdi, se la tri trd, tut hau. Chinh vi thd, cai each hanh chinh I^ mdt xu thd ta't ydu, I^ sff thay ddi trang thai boat dpng quan ly, dieu hanh eua nen hanh chinh de lam cho nd phu hdp khach quan vdi thifc tidn van ddng khdng ngffng cua xa hdi.
Trong lich sff Viet Nam, da cd nhieu cudc cai each hanh chinh ldn dffde thffc hien d cac trieu dai, nhff: Ho Quy Ly, LB Thanh Tdng, Minh Mang, v.v.
dffde danh gia la nhffng bffde nhay vpt trong each thffe td chffc va quan ly eua bd may chinh quyen hffdng tdi viec tang tinh hieu qua quan ly nha nffdc nhffng van duy tri dffde chd dd ehinh tri, xa hdi.
Dd'i vdi Nha nffdc Vidt Nam xa hdi ehu nghia, cai
198 So 9 - T h a n g 5/2019
each hanh chinh dffde tidn hanh tff dau nhffng nam 1990 trffdc nhffng ddi hdi cua cdng cudc doi vdi nhat nffdc va ti6'p tuc dffde tridn khai thffe hidn theo tffng giai doan eho de'n ngay nay Thdi ky dau, khi cdng cudc ddi mdi da't nffde dang d giai doan bat dau trien khai, sff chuyen ddi tff nen kinh te' ke' hoach hda tap trung sang nen kinh te' thi trffdng da pha vd nhffng quy trinh, thu tue, le Id'i lam viec cua thdi ky bao cap. Cho nen, cai each hanh chinh chu yeu tap trung vao cai each thu tuc hanh chinh, vdi yeu eau dat ra la "Phai dat dffde bffde chuyen bie'n can ban trong quan be ve thu tuc giai quye't edng viec giffa cae ed quan nha nffde; giffa ep quan nha nffdc vdi cae ed quan, ddn vi khac; giffa cd quan nha nffdc vdi nhan dan trong vide de'p nhan va giai quydt cdng viee" [3]. De'n cae giai doan sau (2001- 2010 va 2011-2020), cai each hanh chinh thffc sff mang tinh toan dien va dong bp hdn, bao gom: Cai each the cbd; cai each td chffc bd may hanh chinh nha nffdc; cai each tai chinh edng; nang cao chat Iffpng dpi ngu cdng chffe, v.v.
Mac du muc tieu, ndi dung cai each hanh chinh cd sff khac nhau nha't dmh d mdi giai doan, nhffng deu hffdng de'n viec xay dffng mpt nen hanh chinh hien dai, bp may tinh gpn va xay dffng dpi ngu edng chffc dap ffng yeu cau phuc vu nhan dan, phuc vu sff nghiep phat trien cua da't nffdc. Do ehu de cua de tai lidn quan den cai each to chffc bd may chinh quyen, eho nen, trong pham vi ndi dung nghien cffu ve cai each hanh chinh, tac gia chii ye'u ban de'n nhffng muc tieu, ndi dung cai each lidn quan de'n to chffc bd may chinh quyen trong sff so sanh giffa thdi ky vua Le Thanh Tdng va thdi diem hien nay.
2. Cai each hanh chinh thdi vua Le Thanh Tong
Trong Dai Viet sff ky toan thff, vua Le Thanh Tdng dffpc danh gia la ngffdi sang lap che' dp van vat kha quan, md mang da't dai, coi bd kha rdng, thffc la bac vua anb hiing tai Iffdc [51. Trong tbdi dai eiia minh, vua Le Thanh Tdng da thffc hien cdng cudc eai each hanh chinh ldn va cd y nghia sau sac, trong do ndi dung ve eai each ehinh quyen dffde dac biet quan tam, dd la: Ddi mdi ehe' dp eai quan eac ddn vi hanh ehinh; Thffc hien dan ehu trong td chffc chinh quyen cd sd (cap xa); Khdng sff dung quan lai dia phffdng la ngffdi ciia dia phffdng sd tai.
a) Ddi mdi chi'dp cai qudn cdc ddn vi hdnh chinh
Nam 1466, nha vua chia nffdc thanh 12 dao Thffa tuyen va phu Trung dd phu, lai dat cac ty Dd, ty Thffa de cai quan va sau khi chinh phue dffde mdt phan Chiem Thanh, Le Thanh Tdng lap dao Thffa tuyen Quang Nam, nang so'dao Thffa tuyen cua Dai Viet len con sd' 13; de'n nam 1469, phu Trung dd dffde ddi thanh phu Phung Thien, quan ITnh 2 huyen Quang Dffc, Thp Xffdng [7], [111.
Ngoai viec phSn chia lai cac ddn vi hanh ehinh nhff tren, trong cdng cudc cai each cua minh, vua Le Thanh Tdng cdn lap them ty Hidn va cung vdi cae ty Dd, ty Thffa eai quan Thffa tuyen, da tao nen theo hinh thffc td chffc quyen Iffc nha nffde "tam quyen phan lap": Ty Dd (nam vide quan sff); ty Thffa (nam viec hanh chfnh); ty Hie'n (nam viec luat phap). Ba ty nay cd chffc nang, nhiem vu khac nhau nhffng lai cd quyen giam sat cheo nham tranh lam quyen, khie'n eho viec quan Iy nha nffdc them chat che nhffng van bao dam sff tap trung quyen Iffc eua Vua; giup eung cd' an ninh qud'c phdng, han ehe' tidu cffc trong ddi sd'ng va cdng viec cua cac quan lai dia phffdng, nang cao ddi sd'ng cho ngffdi dan [61- Day la diem ndi bat trong each thffc td chffc quyen Iffc nha nffdc thdi vua Le Thanh Tdng so vdi trffdc dd, the bien sff cai each Idn va cd sffc anh hffdng cho de'n ngay nay.
b) Thi/c hien ddn chu trong to chffc chinh quyin cdp xd
Cap xa la ca'p ehinh quyen dia phffdng tha'p nha't (bao gom dai xa, trung xa, tieu xa tdy theo sd dan). Thdi ky nay, dffng dau ddn vi hanh chinh cap xa la xa trffdng va chffc danh nay khdng phai do Trieu dinh cat cff, ma do nhan dSn dia phffdng tff thd'ng nha't de cff (blu) len, dffde cac cap tren cua Trieu dinh (huydn, chau) xet duyet va cae quan tren se kiem tra lai, ne'u d dau bau sai ngffdi thi se bi bai mien. Tieu chuan vdi ngffdi dffpc bau lam xa trffdng la nhffng ngffdi thudc cac thanh phan: Giam sinh, sinh do tudi cao nhffng sff nghiep hpc tap khdng phat tridn. Con em nha lanh, tff 30 tudi trd len, bid't chff, ed hanh kiem va khdng vffdng viec quan, khdng ciing hp hang than tde vdi quan tren phu, huyen, chau ben tren de tranh be canh; Cac quan phu, huyen, chau thi chi ed mdt ngffdi trong eac con em, anh em cbii bac difde lam xa trffdng [151.
TAP CHi CONG THIflfNG
Cd the nh|n thS'y, vide bau xa trffdng thd hidn tinh dan chu trong td chffc chinh quyin cd sd thdi vua Le Thanh Tdng va chinh quyen dia phffdng cung tff do mat dl tinh chat cat cff nhff da ton tai trong nhffng thdi ky trffdc dd. Viec ngffdi dSn dffde tff do bau xa trffdng vdi sff quy dinh chat che ve tieu chuan ffng vien da cho phep hp cd nhieu cd hdi Iffa chpn dffde ngffdi thffe sff tai dffc dd nSm quyen eai quan dia phffdng. Day cung la nhffng quy dinh mdi, khac hSn so vdi nhffng quy dinh ve viec bd nhiem quan lai dia phffdng cap xa cua nhffng thdi ky trffde dd. Danh gia va tff tffdng eai each nay, nhieu nha nghien cffu cho rang vua Le Thanh Tdng dffde sinh ra trong tbdi binh, dffde dao tao, giao due va cd nhan thffc day du ve eac ly thuyd't quan Iy tff trffdc ddn nay, cung nhff cd cac bai hoe ma cac trieu vua trffdc de lai. Mat khac, dat nffdc binh yen, cd ndi life lam tien de de Vua thffe hien cai each triet de, sau rdng va hieu qua nham tao dS'u an va tao bffdc dot pha trong vide cai each, eai tri dat nffdc.
c) Khdng sffd^ng quan lai dia phffdng Id ngUdi cda dia phffpng sd tpi
Diem nha'n trong boat ddng cai each hanh chinh dd'i vdi viec td chffc bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng cua thdi Le Thanh Tdng la viec ve vide bd nbiem va sff dung quan lai d dia phffdng, theo dd Lu§.t Hoi Ty quy dinh: Quan lai khdng dffde ke't hdn, lam thdng gia d ndi minh eai quan; cung nhff khdng dffde tau da't, vffdn, rudng, nha d ndi minh lam quan, khdng dffpc diing ngffdi eiing que lam ngffdi giup viec; khdng dffde lam quan d ehinh que hffdng minh, que vd minh, tham chi ea ndi di hpc luc cdn tr^. Ngffdi ed quan he thdng gia, thiy trd cung khdng dffde lam quan eung mdt chd ... [13].
Cd the nhan tha'y, each quy dinh ve bd nhiem quan lai dia phffdng cua vua Le Thanh Tdng cd sff khac biet so vdi cac trieu dai trffde, de eao tinh thin traeh nhiem cua cac quan lai khi dffde bd nhiem boat ddng tai dia ban, tranh hien tffdng cue bd dia phffdng va gia dinh tri. Day eung la bai hoe quy dd'i vdi cae nha lanh dao Viet Nam dffdng dai, theo dd Nghi quydt Hdi nghj Trung ffpng Vll, khda XII (nam 2018) eung neu cao tinh than nay khi xac dinh can bd cap ehid'n Iffde eua dia phffdng khdng phai la ngffdi eua dia phffdng dd: "Thffc hien viee bd'tri bi thff cap iiy cap tinb, cap huyen khdng la ngffdi dia phffdng theo muc tieu de ra; khuydn
khich thffc hien ddi vdi cac chffc danh khac, nhat la chffc danh chu tich Uy ban nhan dan, ndu cd dieu kien" [2].
3. Bai hpc kinh nghidm dd'i vd^i vi^c cai each td chffc bd may chinh quyen dia phi/tftig d Viet Nam hi$n nay
Chinh quyen dia phffdng Viet Nam hien nay dffde td chffc theo 3 cdp (xa, huyen, tinh), bao gom Hdi dong nhan dan va Uy ban nhan dan. Viee td ehffe chinh quyen dia phffdng dffpc thffc hien thdng qua hlnh thffc bau cff dan chu, trong dd: Hdi ddng nhSn dan do cff tri dia phffdng bau theo nhidm ky bang hinh thffc pho thdng dau phie'u, la cd quan quyen life nha nffdc d dia phffdng, dai dien cho y ehi, nguyen vpng va quydn lam chu cua nhan dSn;
Uy ban nhan dan do Hdi dong nhan dan eijng cap blu, la ed quan chap hanh eua Hpi ddng nhSn dan, cd quan hanh chinh nha nffdc d dia phffdng [101.
Rd rang la, bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng dffpc hlnh thanh thdng qua hlnh thffc dan chu trffc tie'p dd'i vdi cd quan dai dien cho y ebi, nguyen vong eua nhan dan - Hdi ddng nhSn dSn , thdng qua hlnh thffc gian tid'p dd'i vdi bd may hanh phap (Uy ban nhan dSn), "Nhan dan thffc hien quyen Iffe nha nffdc bang dan chu trffc tie'p, bang dan ehu dai dien thdng qua Qudc hpi, Hpi ddng nhan dan va thdng qua cae ed quan khac cua Nha ntfdc"
(Didu 6 Hie'n phap nam 2013). Cach thffc td chffc bd may chinh quyin nay cung da bdc Id nhffng han che' nhat dinh khi bd may hanh phap dia phffdng - bd may trffc tie'p thffc thi ehinh sach va giai quydt yeu eau cua nhan dan, lai khdng do nhan dan trffc tie'p hiw ra, hoat dpng ddng theo cd ehe ke't hdp giffa traeh nhidm tap the va trach nhidm ci nhan ngffdi dffng dau va ehffa thffc sif dffde danh gi^ la bd may hanh phap manh. Trong khi dd, bd may chinh quyen ca'p xa eua thdi Le Thanh Tdng da thffc hien hinh thffc dan chu trffc tie'p dd'i vdi viec bau cff ngffdi dffng dau chinh quydn thffc bidn nhiem vu quan ly dia phffdng, da phat huy dffde hieu qua quan Iy nha nffdc d thdi ky do va ciing cd tam anh hffdng, gia trj eho ddn ngay nay khi ma nhieu qudc gia tien tidn tren thd gidi (My, Nhat Ban,,..) cung dang thffc hien vide bau cff trffc tidp ngffdi dffng dau cd quan chfnh quydn dia phffdng.
Ben canh dd, bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng dffde danh gia la eong kenh, gdm Hpi ddng nhan dan, Uy ban nhan dan va cae cd quan chuyen mdn
200 So 9-Thang 5/2019
cua Uy ban nhan dan (dd'i vdi cap tinh, cap huyen), cdng ehffe chuyen mdn (dd'i vdi cap xa): Hpi ddng nhSn la cd quan dan eff, quyd't dinh cac chinh sach cua dia phffdng; Uy ban nhan dSn la cd quan chap hanh cua Hdi dong nhan dan, td chffc va quan ly thdng nha't dd'i vdi vide trien khai thffe bien cac chfnh sach eua dia phffdng; Cac cd quan chuyen mdn ciia Uy ban nhan dan (dd'i vdi cap tmh, cap huydn), cdng chffc chuyen mdn (dd'i vdi ca'p xa) trffc tidp trien khai thifc hien cae ehinh saeh cua dia phffdng theo nganh, ITnh vffe chuyen mdn va dat dffdi sff quan Iy thd'ng nha't cua Uy ban nhan dan.
Xet vi thffc cha't, Uy ban nhSn dan ddng vai trd nhff cd quan trung gian cua qua trinh ra quye't dinh chinh sach va trffc tie'p trien khai thffc hien chinh sach. Diiu dd cd nghia la Hdi ddng nhan dan ra quye't dinh chinh sach, cd quan chuyen mdn, edng chffc chuyen mdn cua Uy ban nhan dan trffc tie'p trien khai thffc hien chinh sach ciia Hdi dong nhan dan, edn Uy ban nhan dan lam edng doan trung gian tie'p nhan thdng tin bao cao ke't qua tridn khai thffc hien chinh sach tff phia cd quan chuyen mdn, cdng chffe chuyen mdn va tie'p tue bao cao Hdi ddng nhan dan cung ca'p. Mdt va'n de dat ra la trong khi viee giai quye't trffe tie'p yeu eau eua nhSn dan dffde giao trach nhiem ddi vdi cac ed quan chuyen mdn thudc Uy ban nhan dan (ddi vdi cap huyen, cap tinb) va edng chffc chuyen mdn (dd'i vdi cap xa), thi vide thanh lap cd quan Uy ban nhan dan cd can thie't hay khdng, hay ehi thanh lap Hdi ddng nhan dan va cae ed quan chuyen mdn (cdp tinh, cap huydn), cdng ehffe ehuydn mdn (cap xa) trffe tid'p chiu trach nhidm ke't qua hoat ddng quan ly nha nffdc chuyen mdn trffdc Chu tieh Hdi ddng nhan dan. Day la van dd cffng can nghien cffu tidp dd thffc hien tinh than Nghi quye't Hdi nghi lan thff 6 Ban Chap hanh Trung ffdng Dang Cdng san Viet Nam khda XII vi tie'p tue ddi mdi, sap xdp td chffc bd may cua he thdng chfnh tri tinh gpn, hoat ddng hieu Iffe, hieu qua. (Nghi quye't sd' 18- NQ^W ngay 25/10/2017).
Han ehe' nay can dffde dieu ehinh, ddi mdi dd phu hdp vdi tinh hinh thffc td va xu hffdng ehung cua nhieu qud'e gia ed nen hanh chinh phat tnen tren thd gidi. Va tff thffc tien eai each thdi vua Le Thanh Tdng neu tren, tae gia gdi y bai hpc kinh nghiem trong td chffc bd may ehinh quyen dia phffdng, do la ddi mdi each thffe td chffc bd may
chinh quyen dia phffdng theo hffdng xay dffng che dd tham gia trffc tie'p cua nhan dan vao viec td chffc bd may hanh phap dia phffdng. Ndi dung nay dffde the hien nhff sau:
- Thd nhd't, thidt lap bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng, gom: Hdi dong nhan dan va eac cd quan chuyen mdn do Hpi dong nhan dan thanh lap (Sd, cd quan tffdng dffdng sd - dd'i vdi cap tinh; Phdng, cd quan tffdng dffdng phdng - dd'i vdi cap huyen) hoac cdng chffc trffc ddp thffc hien chffc nang hanh phap theo ITnh vffe chuyen mdn (dd'i vdi cap xa).
Trong bd may td chffe nay, Hdi dong nhan dan la cd quan quydn life nha nffdc, quye't dinh ehinh sach cda dia phffdng; cac ed quan ehuydn mdn do Hdi dong nhan dan thanh lap la cd quan thffe thi quyen hanh phap, tnen khai thffc hien chinh saeh eua dia phffdng - bd may hanh phap dia phffdng.
- Thd hai, thie't lap che'dd nhan dan bau cu" trffe tie'p ngffdi dffng dau chfnh quyen va ngffdi dffng dau cbinb quyin bo nbiem ngffdi dffng dau bd may hanh phap va lanh dao bp may hanh phap dia phffdng.
Vide xay dffng che' dd tham gia trffc tiep eua nhan dan vao viec td chffc bd may hanh phap dia phffdng dffde thffc hien cd y nghia quan trong, khdng chi lam tinh gon bd may ma van bao dam bieu qua hoat ddng cua bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng. Va tren tinb than Nghi quye't sd' 18- NQ/TW ngay 25/10/2017 cua Ban Chap hanh Tmng ffdng, viee tie'p tue hoan thien the ehe - hoan thien he thd'ng phap luat ve td ehffe chfnh quyin dia phffdng theo hffdng tren cung can dffde tie'p tuc nghien effu, trien khai [11.
4. Kdt luan
Tff each tie'p can ly thuyet v i cai each hanh chfnh va thffe tien cai each hanh chinh cua vua Le Thanh Tdng, tae gia da ehi ra dffde nhffng ffu didm eua viec td ehffe bd may chinh quyin dia phffdng cua mdt thdi ky lich sff, ddng thdi chi ra dffde nhffng ban che' trong each thffc td chffe bd may chinh quyen dia phffdng cua Viet Nam hien nay.
Ke't qua nghien cffu khdng ehi ed y nghTa dd'i vdi chfnh tae gia trong viec thffe hien eac nghien cffu tie'p theo lien quan de'n chu de cai each hanh chfnh va td chffc chinh quyen dia phffdng, ma edn cd y nghia dd'i vdi eac nha lanh dao trong viec dieu ehinh chinh sach, phap luat nham tie'p tue cai each bp may nha nffdc theo hffdng tinh gon, boat ddng hieu Iffc, hieu qua •
TAP CHi CONG THIftiNG
T A I L I E U T R I C H D A N :
'Ddn chd IrUc tie'p dUdc xdc dinh bang quyen bau cd thdnh lap Qudc hdi vd Hdi ddng nhdn ddn: Viec bdu cd dai bieu Qudc hdi vd dai bieu Hdi ddng nhdn ddn dupe lii'n hdnh theo nguyin tac pho thdng, binh ddng, trUctii'pvd bd phie'u kin (Bieu 7 Hien phdp ndm 2013).
^Ddn chd dai dien duoc xdc dinh bdng quyin bdu cd: cua nhdn ddn thong qua dai bieu Qudc hdi, dai bieu Hdi ddng nhdn ddn di'thdnh Igp bg mdy hdnh phdp: Qudc hdi thdnh lap Chinh phu, bdu, mien nhiem, bai nhiem Thd tudng Chinh phu (Dieu 70 Hii'n phdp ndm 2013): Hdi ddng nhdn ddn thdnh Idp Uy ban nhdn ddn cUng cap, bdu.
miin nhiem, bdi nhiem Chu tick. Phd Chu lich vd cdc uy vien Uy ban nhdn ddn cung cd'p (Ludt To chdc chinh quyen dia phuong nam 2015).
^Viet Nam xe'p thii 32 trong Best Countries Report 2019 P ndi dung ve quyen luc thi gidi. Tgp chi Global Finance xep Viet Nam ddng thU 128 trong 192 nudc gidu nhdt ndm 2019. Trong Global Competitiveness Report cua World Economic Forum, Viet Nam xep hang thdp (78/140) ve khd ndng cgnh tranh kinh tendm 2018, trong do co nguyen nhdn tic td chdc quyen hdnh phdp - bd mdy chinh quyin (Ngudn: Vi tri cda Viet Nam trong cdc bdng xep hgng, dia chi hltps://www.bbc.com7vietnamese/vielnam-47792619, truy cdp ngdy 02-4-2019).
"Ngodi viec tii'p nhdn thdng tin bdo cdo ket qud triin khai ihuc hiin chinh sdch tU phia ccf quan chuyin mdn va cdng chdc chuyen mon, Uy ban nhdn ddn ihuc hien viec chi dgo, hem tra, gidm sdt theo ludt dinh. The nhUng, neu khdng cd Uy ban nhdn ddn, thi Hgi dong nhdn ddn cdng hodn todn cd thi thuc hiin viec ndy ddi vdi cdc ca quan chuyen mdn, cdng chdc chuyin mdn trong qud trinh trien khai thuc hiin chinh sdch cda dia phuong.
^Theo sdliiu thdng ki cua Bd Ngi vu, linh den ndm 2019. Viet Nam cd 11.162 ddn vi hdnh chinh cd'p xd. 716 dan vi hdnh chinh cdp huyen, 63 dem vi hdnh chinh cdp tinh. Ni'u bo thii't chi' Uy ban nhdn ddn thi bd mdy chinh quyin dia phuong se tinh gon han. gidm gdn 12 000 ca quan Uy ban nhdn ddn vd hon 24.000 chdc danh Chd tich vd Pho Chd tich Uy han nhdn ddn.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O :
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2. Ban chd'p hdnh Trung UOng (2018), Nghi quyi't sd26-NQ/TW ngdy 19-5-2018 ve tap trung xdy dung ddi ngu cdn bd cdc cdp, nhdt Id cdp chii'n lupc, du pham chdt, ndng luc vd uy tin, ngang tdm nhiim vu.
3. Chinh phd (1994), Nghi quye't sd38/CP ngdy 04-5-1994 ve cdi cdch mdt budc thu tuc kdnh chinh trong vifC giai quye't cdng viic cda cong ddn vd td chdc.
4. Chink pku (2010), Nght quyi't sd 30c/NQ-CP ngdy 08-11-2011 ban hdnh Chuong trinh tdng the cdi cdch hdnh chinh nhd nudc giai dogn 2011-2020.
5 Dgi Viet sd ky loan thU, Nxb. Viin Khoa hoc xd hgi Viet Nam, Hd Ngi 1985-1992.
6. Trdn Trgng Kim (2017), Viet Nam sd lupc, Nxb. Vdn hda.
7. Lich trieu hie'n ckuong loai chi, tap 1, Nxb. Gido due, 2006.
8. Hodng Phe - Chd biin (2011), TU dien Tii'ng Viet, Nxb. Dd Ndng.
9. Qudc hdi (2013), Hie'n phdp nudc Cdng hda xd hdi chd nghia Viet Nam.
10. Qudc hdi (2015), Ludt Tdchdc Chinh quyen djaphudng.
11. Qudc sd qudn iriiu Nguyin. Khdm dinh Viet sd Thdng gidm Cuang muc. Nxb. Gido due. Hd Ndi -1998.
12. Thd tudng Chinh phd (2001), Quye't dinh sd 136/2001/QD-TTg ngdy 17-9-2001 ban hdnh Chuong trinh long the cdi cdch hdnh chinh nhd nUdc giai dogn 2001-2010.
13. Trung ldm Luu trd qudc gia IV, Ho so H48/20, Mde hdn trieu Nguyen
202 So 9-Thang 5/2019
14. Tit diet, Bdcli l<lioa Viel Nam. tap 1. Nxb. Til dieti Bdcli iiima. lOOT.
15. Vien Saiioc (2007), Licit sik Viet Natti, tdp 3, Nxb. Kiioa iioc xd itoi.
Ngiy nhSn bai: 22/4/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va sii'a chifa: 2/5/2019 Ngay ch9p nhfin dang bai: 12/5/2019
Tiiotig titi tdc gia:
TS. NGO SY TRUNG ThS. LE SC(N TUNG Trif&ng Dai hpc Ndi vu Ha NOi
ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS IN KING LE THANH TONG'S REIGN AND LESSONS FOR VIETNAM IN ORGANIZING
THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT APPARATUS
• PhD NGO SY TRUNG
• Master. LE SON TUNG Hanoi Home Affairs University
ABSTRACT:
Administrative reforms were conducted through Vietnamese dynasties with many contents.
This study focuses on analyzing the content of the organizational apparatus reform during King Le Thanh Tong's reign. The regin of King Le Thanh Tong is considered as the most brilliant development m state management and commune development of the Le Dynasty. By analyzmg and reviewing documents, this study is expected to clarify the way of organizing the govermnent in King Le Thanh Tong's reign, thereby proposing some lessons in organizing the local government apparatus of Vietnam.
Keywords: Administrative reform, organizational structure, local government, Vietnam.
