MO HINH QUAN LY CHAT Ll/ONG TOAN DIEN CHO
CONG TYTU" VAN Q U A N LY Dif AN XAY DI/NG VIET NAM
Pham Hong Luan Chung Thj PhifOng Yen
ABSTRACT
In order to integrate into the general trend ofthe world and raise the effect of quality management in VietNamese construction industry, we researched the model of total quality management to develop an effective quality management system base on the potential of people.
The proposed quality management system is hoped to shorten the referred time, and to be available to apply immediately. The project manager who manage the construction project in the first time will catch the works easily base on the provided procedures and forms throughout the cycle life of project
Pham Hong Luan
Trilcing Oai Hoc Bach Khoa TP.HCM ChungThjPhuangYen
PetroVietNam Engineering
Email: [email protected]
1. Gidi thieu chung
Hien nay, quin ly ehit Iflpng la mpt trong cic ming edng viee quan trpng trong nginh xiy dflng. Cd hai phflong thflc quin ly chat Iflpng la:
(1) quin ly chat Iflpng tren cdsdtieu chuan hda, nghTa la dfla tren cac bd tieu ehuan qude t l nhfl ISO 9000, ISO 14000, HACCP, GMP... Cie doanh nghiep di ra mue tieu chat Iflpng va quin \y chat Iflpng theo hfldng dan eua tieu chuan. Sau khi kilm tra, cae cdng ty chuyen mdn v l chflng nhin chat Iflpng se cap chflng nhin. Quin ly chat Iflpng tren eo sd tieu ehuan hda l i md hinh quin ly chat Iflpng tfl tren xudng dfla tren eie hpp ddng v i cam k i t chat Iflpng d i di ra. (2) quin ly chat Iflpng t o i n dien (TQM-Total quality management) xem tieu chuan la muc tieu tdi thilu phii dat dflpc, chat Iflpng thda min v i vflpt sfl mong dpi eua khieh hang, d l eao vai trd efla con ngfldi, manh dan trao quyin han va trich nhiem cho nhin vien nhim khai thie tdi da khi ning sing tao eua eon ngfldi. Quin ly ehit Iflpng t o i n dien dfla tren tinh than nhin v i n bao gdm nhflng hoat ddng ddc lap tfl dfldi len dfla v i o trach nhiem, Idng tin ciy va sfl b i o d i m bing hoat ddng eua nhdm ehit Iflpng.TQM la sfl k i t hpp sfle manh cua mpi ngfldi di cii tien lien tue, tich tieu thanh dai tao nen sfl chuyen bien.
Viet Nam dang i p dung rdng rii he thdng quin ly chat Iflpng theo tieu chuan. Cho du quin ly theo phflong thflc nio di nfla thi chat Iflpng eua chinh sin pham/ djeh vu ludn la dieu kien ehinh eho sfl Ifla chpn efla khieh hang. Chung tdi xin gidi thieu md hinh quin ly chat Iflpng toan dien cho tfl v i n quan ly dfl anViet Nam nhim ning eao chat Iflpng quin ly va hieu q u i cdng viec
2. Tong quan ve md hinh qudn ly chat liTorng toan dien cho tU van q u i n ly dU an xay difng Viet Nam
2.1. Co sd hoat dpng cua ngdnh TVQLDA tgiVN
Nganh tfl van quan ly dfl i n la nginh djeh vu, vdj sin pham tao ra la sin pham tri tue v i la sin pham don chile, khdng cd sin pham nao gidng sin pham nio. Do dd con ngfldi ddng vai trd chinh trong hoat ddng efla nginh.
LTnh vfle hoat ddng cua tfl v i n quin \y dfl i n la cie cdng viec quin ly eac hoat ddng cua d i i i n
tfl giai doan ehuan bj dau tfl, thflc hien diu tfl, eho d i n k i t thue xiy dflng dfla cdng trinh vao khai thie, sfldung:
2.2. Mo hinh quin /y chdt tuang cong trinh xdy dung
2.3. Casdty thuyet ve TQM 2.3.1. Oinh nghia
TQM l i triet \y quin ly khoa hpc chfl khdng phii l i mdt bd tieu ehuan nhfl ISO.
TQM la cich quin ly mdt td chflc (mdt doanh nghiep) t i p trung vao chit Iflpng dfla trin sfl tham gia cua cac thanh vien efla td chflc dd, de dat dflpc sfl thanh cdng liu dai thdng qua sfl cii tien khdng ngflng cua chat Iflpng nhim thda m i n nhu ciu khieh hang va dem lai Ipi ieh cho eie thanh vien efla td chflc dd v i cho x i hdi.
2.3.2. Cdc ddc trung ca bdn cua TQtA
• Chat Iflpng l i sd mdt, la hang dau. TQM xem viee dat dflpc chat Iflpng theo tieu ehuan la dieu tdi thieu phii dat dflpc.
• Sfl thda m i n khieh hang dflpc bao gdm ei khach hang ben trong va khieh hing ben ngoii.
Qui trinh sau l i khieh hang efla q u i trinh trflde.
• Bdi hdi mpi ngfldi trong edng ty phii nd lfle h i t minh de l i m trdn nhiem vu v i phat huy sing kiln e i nhan. Mudn dat dflpc nhfl viy, linh dao can phii quan t i m den lpi ichcua nhin vien va Ipi ieh xa hdi eung nhfl manh dan trao quyin va giao trach nhiem eho eie e i nhin tham gia tnic t i l p vao q u i trinh
• Tinh ddng bd trong quin ly chat Iflpng. Ke tfl khi lanh dao p h i t ddng thflc hien quin ly chat Iflpng theo triet ly eua TQM, ddi hdi phii cd sfl ddng Idng efla tat e i mpi thanh vien va cam kit eua mpi ngfldi.
• Sfl dung cac phflong phip tfl duy khoa hpc nhfl ky thuit thdng ke, vdng trdn PDCA (Plan- Do-Cheek-Act),...
• Chu y din giio due va dao tao: Chat Iflpng bit diu bing dio tao va kit thue eung bing dio tao.
• Hoat ddng nhdm chat Iflpng QCC: thuc day y thflc tfl quin va hpp tie cua ngfldi lao ddng.
2.3.3. Cdc module ho trg cda TQM
De thflc hien thinh edng TQM, ehung ta can phii am hilu cac module sau diy:
a) Nhdm chat Iflpng - QCC (Quality Control Circle):
La mpt nhdm ngirdi cung trong mdt don vj
gonnniUBi 08.2011
cdng tic, tfl nguyen tham gia cie hoat ddng chit Iflpng de kiem soat v i eii tien ehit lupng tren cdng viee ma hp dang lam sfl dung eie cdng cu quin ly va cii t i l n chit li/png.
b) Biy cdng cu ky thuit de kiem soit, do Ifldng v i eii t i l n chat Iflpng (7 tools)
Quy trinh thiie hien kiem soit va cii tien chit Iflpng sfl dung 7 edng cu thdng ke nhir hinh sau:
e) Chu trinh PDCA:
Chu trinh PDCA do Deming di xuit gdm: P (Plan- lip k l hoaeh), D (Do-€)ua k l hoaeh vao thflc hien), C (Check- Dfla theo ke hoaeh di kiem tra k i t q u i thiic hien), A (Act-Thdng qua qui trinh thflc hien v i cic k i t q u i thu dirpc de d l ra giii phip eii t i l n cho lin sau). Qui trinh eii t i l n dflpc phan tich dfla tren cae edng eu thdng ke.
d) Md hinh thiie hanh 5S
Md hinh niy giup tao ra mdi trfldng lam viec sach se, ngan nip, t i l t kiem thdi gian tim kilm hd so, tai lieu. 5S la n i m chfl eii d i u cua cic chfl sau:
• SERI (Sang Ipc): L i xem xet, phin loai, chpn Ifla va loai bd nhflng thfl khdng ein thiet tai noi lam viee, chi gifl nhflng loai dung cu, phflong tien tdi thilu hd trp eho edng viee. Din nhin vao nhflng dung cu, thilt bj va v i t lieu can thilt gifl lai.
• SEITON (Sap xIp): Bd tri mpi thfl ngan nip, trit tfl v i ed khoa hpc de mpi ngfldi de ding sfl dung. Bieu nay lam giim thdi gian tim kilm, loai bd nhflng hoat ddng khdng ning suit
• SEISO (Sach se): La gifl gin ve sinh tai noi lam viec, miy mde, thiet bj de d i m bio mdi trfldng, my quan tai ndi lim viec.
• SEIKETSU (Sin sdc): duy tri thfldng xuyen 3 viec neu tren bing "tieu ehuan hda" de cii tien liln tue mdi trfldng noi lim viec mdt cich b i i bin v i he thdng.
• SHITSUKE (Sin sing): tao thinh n l nip, thdi quen "sin sdc" noi lim viee nhfl la van hda trong td chflc, tao mdi trfldng l i m viec sach se vi thuan tien
e) Md hinh Kaizen
Md hinh Kaizen thflc chat l i chien Iflpe cii tiln lien tue, nd hoat ddng theo md hinh PDCA gdm nghidn cflu, suy nghT v i di xuat nhflng eii tiln nhd lien tue. 3 nguyen ly co bin cua Kaizen la:
• Loai bd nhflng viec vd ich
• Giim bdt nhflng sai sdt va ling phi: nlu khdng t h i ngflng ngay toin bp thi giim bdt din
• Thay ddi: thay ddi phfldng phip, cdng eu d l cii t i l n cdng viec tdt hon.
Chflng tdi xin gidi thieu md hinh quin ly ehit Iflpng toan dien eho cdng ty tfl van quin
\y dfl i n xiy dflng Viet Nam
3. Mo hinh de xuat v4 quin ly chat Iirong toin dien cho cdng ty tU van quin ly dfl an xiy dung Viet Nam
3.1. Cam ket chdt lUOng vd chinh sdch chdt Iuang
Bin cam k i t v l chat Iflpng v i ehinh sieh chat Iflpng cua linh dao edng ty nhim tao nilm tin eho khieh hang va nhin vien, truyen nhiet huyet cho nhin vien trong viee thiic hien cdng v|ee theo nhflng muc tieu eu the trong dfldng ldi ehinh sieh da di ra,li sfl d i m bio phin phdi diy du nhin v i t life de thiie hien he thdng quin ly chat lupng.
3.2. Qudn ty vd Idnh dao
3.2.1. Sado to chitc cong ty va guy trinh cdng viec trong cdng ty tu vdn gudnly du dn xdy dung:
3.2.2. Chfnh sdch khen thudng
Chinh sach khen thfldng diia vao ket q u i hoan thanh edng viee, nhflng ddng gdp cii tiln tfl md hinh Kaizen va nhdm chit Iflpng, y kiln khach hang ddi vdi du i n d i thUc hien thu thip
Luit XD
I
Quy chuan, tieu chuan
He thdng vin b i n Quy pham phip luit
Chit lupng edng trinh xiy dflng
He thdng Quin ly chit luong
Hinh 2.1: Mo hinh quan \y chat li/cfng cong trinh xay difng
Bera giii phip cii t i l n
Phin tieh nguyen nhan
I v a n d l
-Bilu do nhin q u i (Cause and Effect
Diagram) -Bilu dd Pareto -Bilu dd phin t i n
(Scatter Diagram)
inltich
? w n g
-Phiiu kiem tra (cheek sheet) -Bilu do phin bd
(Histogram) -Bieu do kiem soit
(Control Chart)
. .XiodinhJ :;
v i n d e c i n q i i i q u v i t
-LUu do (Flow chart)
Hinh 2.2: Mo hinh cai tien lien tue bang cac cong cu thong ke.
Mdhinh TQM cho tu vinQLDAXDVN
Cam k i t chat lupng va
ehinh sieh cha
Iflpng
Quin ly va lanh
dao
Sd dd td chfle edng t p
So do quy trinh cdng viec chinh Chinh sieh khen thfldnG'
Quy trinh thflc hier
edng viec
Quy trinh quin ly thdng tir
Quy trinh quin ly dao tao
Quy trinh 5S
Md hinh Kaizen v i nhdm
chit Iflpng
Mdtsd bilu m i l thu t h i p sd lieu thdng kl
Chinh sfla t i i lieu dinh
ky'
Siai doan tim di i n viIfla chpn
nhi thau Giai doan thi edng xiy dflng
va k i t tiiue dfl Hinh 3.1: Mo hinh TQM choti/vanqu3n ly du an xay dirng Viet Nam
08.2011 nrafinBii 91
Giim doe
P.Ke hoaeh
L
P.Kinh doanh
Kl hoach dai han
Phin bd ke hoach ngin han den eie
phdng ban
I
Bd phin Chat Lflpng
P.Kltoin
Tilp thj , tim hilu thj trfldng
Lim hpp ddng, b i o
g i i
Hinh3.2.S(Jd6t6chi?cc6ngty
P. Hanh ehinh- Nhin sfl P. Dfl an
Quin 1)^ thu tue hanh ehinh edng
ty
Giai doan tim dfl an
Quan l y t i i ehinh eua hpp
ddng TVQLDA
Quin ly nhinsfl cdngty
Cie nhdm dfl i n
Quin lygiai doan chuan bj
d i i i n v i Ifla chon tfl van
Giai doan quin
\y thi edng xiy dflng tai cdng
trfldng
Giim ddc
Tim kilm thdng tin d f l i n
Khich hang
Bd phin chat Iflpng
Yeu cau dau vao
Nhdm chat Iflong QCC Chu trinh PDCA
Kaizen Thflc hanh 5S Bad ve mdi trfldng
Quin ly thdng tin B i o tao Kilm soit hd so,
tai lieu Kiem soit sai sdt Quin ly eung flng
Bio g i i
Hpp ddng Phin phdi ngudn Iflc *- l i e ban quin l y d f l i i
Chuan bi d f l i n Thflc hien d f l i n Ket thflc dfl i n Ban giao choke t o i n
Cam k i t chat Iflpng Chinh sieh v i mue tieu ehit Iflpng
Phin i n h gdpy
°hin tieh-7 tools
Cii t i l n chat lupng
Xiy diing tieu chuan
Hinh 3.3. So do quy trinh cong viec trong cong ty tu van quan ly du an xay dung
dupe thdng qua sd lieu thdng ke tfl eie bing khio sat, thdi gian lam viec ddng gdp eho cdng ty, de cd ke hoach khen thudng thda dang, dung ngudi, dung viec, khuyen khich tinh than lam viec eua nhin vien.
3.3. Cdc quy trinh
Cie quy trinh dupc de xuat diia tren kit q u i nghien cflu ve TQM, ve thflc te hoat ddng, luat xiy dflng, eie nghj djnh, thdng tfl lien quan den quin ly chat Iflpng trong ITnh vfle tfl van quan ly dfl an xiy dflng Viet Nam nhfl sau:
- Quy trinh thflc hien cdng viec giai doan tim dfl i n va Ifla chpn nha t h i u (Hinh 3.4) hfldng dan trinh tfl va cich thflc thflc hiln edng viee gdm nhflng ndi dung chinh sau:
o Tim kilm thdng tin v l nhflng dfl i n khi thi, tiep can khieh hang de t i l p thj dieh vu tU van quan ly dfl i n eua cdng ty.
o Bio gia, hdp ddng thiie hi&n tfl van quin ly d f l i n vdi ehu dau tfl.
o Tien hinh Ifla chpn cic n h i thau tfl van tham gia v i o d f l i n
- Quy trinh quin ly d f l i n giai doan thi cdng xiy dting va k i t thflc dfl an (Hinh 3.5) hfldng dan chi t i l t ve trinh t u va cich thflc thiic hien cdng viec gom nhflng ndi dung ehinh sau:
o Quin ly t i l n dp
o Quin ly cdng viee p h i t sinh o Quin ly chi phi
o Quin ly hpp dong gifla chfl d i u tfl va nha t h i u thi edng
o Quin ly chat Iflong o Quin ly an t o i n lao ddng
9 2 | n n n i i i B i 08.2011
j Qudn ly glal do^n
\ thi c6ng xSy dyng
Hinh 3.4: Quy trinh cong viec glal doan tim dUan va lUa chpn nha thau. Hinh 3.5: Quy trinh cong viec giai doan thi cong xay dung va ket thuc dU an
11110 I |l120| 11130 I 11140 I
Hinh 3.6: Quy trinh qu^n 1)? thong tin Hinh 3.7:Quy trinh
quan 1]/dao tao
1000
2000
i~r
1 U 1
1 of 1 0 ) |
• ^ - -
1110
j(0 j
--^
1 Q-i
I'^i
"
113C
1310
jsj
^ ^
V 133(
1100
^ _
1120
1
—
r 1140
1320
1 r
) 1340
.|_,
1210
'
20C
--I-
1220 1r
1230
1410
1 1
'
1240
1420
'
1430 r 1440
Hinh 3.8: Quy trinh 5S
2100 2200
2300
31
2400in
2500:3:
26003000
3100
:3Z
4000 c c u
% h
ro>
<n w
XD c 4100
'
3200
08.201 IBUnildBl 9 3
Bing 3.1: Ndi dung ehi t i l t cic quy trinh Ten edng viee Bd phin
thi hanh
NgUdi
thiie hien Hfldng dan thflc hien
•• ''!;• •:.!; : l i ; v
Bleu mau, hd so tham khio
i::i,i:iii'::i!.rL:.>:
Bleu mau, hd so thflc hien
Nigfldi duyfet 1 . Quy trinh cong viec giai doan tim dU an va lUa chon nha thau (Hinh 3.4):
n Tim kilm thdng tin
n 6 5 Xin phep x i y dflng
n66Quan lythi edng x i y dflng cdngtrinh
A
C
c
Nhin vien marketing
•Sin tin dfl i n tfl mang lfldi truyen thdng
•Tfl mdi quan he b i n t h i n
•Khich hang tim d i n thdng qua quing c i o
•Bon xin c i p phep x i y dflng -Ban sao quyin sfl dung d i t -Thiet ke eo sd
-Mau don xin cap phep xiy dflng
-Ho so quy trinh 37-40
2. Quy trinh cong viec giai doan thi cong xay dUng (Hinh 3.5):
n 67 Ban giao mat bing thi edng cho nhi t h i u
n 155 Td chflc nghiem thu thanh quylt toan hpp ddng xiy dflng gifla CBT va nha t h i u , gifla CBT va eie ben tham gia d f l i n
n 156Td chflc khdi edng khinh thanh, tuyen truyen quing cao
c
c
c
Nhin vien GBDA Nhin vien GBDA
Nhin vien GBDA
-Tdng hpp tat c i eie ehi phi thflc hien d f l i n
-Td chfle thanh ly hpp ddng
-Bien b i n thanh ly hpp ddng
3. Quy trinh quin ly thong tin (Hinh 3.6):
D1000 Dfl i n
D l l O O L f l u h d s d d f l i n
D1110 Lflu hd sd hpp ddng, b i o g i i gifla chu dau tfl va tfl van quin ly dfl i n (Ban sao)
D1413 Photo them 1 b i n Iflu
0 4 1 4 Gfli di
c c c
c
Nhin vien GBDA Nhin vien GBDA Nhan vien GBDA
Nhan vien GBDA
-Binh m i sd, ten edng trinh v i o vao bia Iflu
-Lflu vao folder tflong flng -Nhap vao danh sieh thfl tfl, fax, tai lieu gfli ra
-Sdtheo ddi thfl tfl, fax, t i i lieu gfli ra
4. Quy trinh quin ly dao tao (Hinh 3.7):
D1100 Nhu eau dao tao phit sinh
D1340 Dinh g i i k i t qua dao tao bing thflc t l edng viec
Toin cdng ty
Nhan vien Trudng nhdm, trfldng phdng
-Thflc t l l i m viec phit sinh nhu cau hieu bilt edng nghe mdi
-Di thflc hien dflpc chfla?
-Mfle dp thflc hien nhfl the nio?
- B l xuat eii t i l n quy trinh dao tao dfla tren viee
Khio sit d i o tao
5. Quy trinh SS (Hinh 3.8):
• 000 Quy trinh thflc hien 5S cho tflng c i nhin
n3100 Lip bing danh sieh (checklist) cdng viee ve sinh D3200Tudinh gia v i o bing
danh sieh sau khi thUc hien 04000Thiie hien "sin sang"
n4100 TU giie thiic hien thinh n l nip, thdi quen
Toan edng ty
Toin edng ty Toin cdng ty Toan cdng ty
Nhin vien
Nhin vien Nhin vien Nhin vien
-Lap bing danh sieh (checklist) nhflng cdng viec phii lam -Chu ky l i p lai cdng viec -Banh g i i vao bang danh sieh
-Duy tri viee thflc hien cdng viec thanh thdi quen, ne n i p
-Bd ra 10 phut hing ngiy (diu gid) di thflc hien cdng viec ve sinh
-Bing theo ddi thflc hien edng viee ve sinh
94jR!i»nffiiiai 08.2011
Ghi chii: A: Phong kinh doanh; B: Phong di/dn; C: Nhom dtSdn; D: Cdc don vi tU vdn; E: Nhd thdu thi cong; F: Cdc coquan qudn iynhd nudc; G: Gidm
^'^ ' -J. J 1 ^ . II fi. * • I I • I rti ' I % M
Sfllt . U , S(/
Nhdm chat Iflong
QCC
z
Thflc hien Kaizen Bfla ra van de Qua trinh l i m viecThu t h i p dfl li&u
Phin tich van di bing cie cdng cu
thdng k@
Phit hien nhflng v i n di ling phi thdi giari nhflng hoat ddng vd ich
B l xuat cii tien Xic djnh dflpc
nguyen nhin v i n di
Be xuat hfldng giii quylt
Bio cio vdi lanh dao cdng ty Cdng bd rdng rii toan cdng ty va lay
•jf kiln ddng gdp toan edng ty
Hinh 3.9: Mo hinh nhom chat lUgtng va mo hinh Kaizen
o Quan ly ve sinh mdi trfldng o Quin ly giai doan k i t thue dfl i n
Quy trinh quin ly thdng tin (Hinh 3.6) hfldng dan cich thflc tim kilm thdng tin v i Iflu trfl thdng tin theo quy flde eho san gdm nhflng ndi dung chinh sau:
o Quy trtnh quin ly hd so dfl an o Quy trinh quin ly email
o Quy trinh quin ly t i i lieu, fax, thfl tfl gfli vao
o Quy trinh quin ly tai li&u, fax, thfl tfl gfli ra ngoii
Theo quy trinh nay, t i t e i mpi ngfldi deu ed the bilt cich tim kilm b i t efl thdng tin gi trong gidi han cho phep mdt cich nhanh ehdng va hilu q u i
- Quy trinh quin ly dao tao (Hinh 3.7) di xuit trinh tfl v i cich thflc di thflc hien d i o tao nhin vien hi^u q u i gdm nhflng ndi dung chinh sau:
o Ydu cau d i o tao do nhu eiu edng vi^c phit sinh
f
ZNhdmquin lygiai doan ehuin bi dfl i n v i
xin phep xiy dflng
V
S.Nhdm quin lytiln
dp
•
I.Nhdm quin ly dau vao diian (quin ly don hing)
i r
Nhdm quin lydfl i n giai doan ban
diu
V i 3.Nhdm quin ly chpn
t f l v i n v i q u i n lyeic giai doan thilt k l
4.Nhdm td chflc dau thau va lam hpp ddng gifla CBT v i nha thiu
1
1 '
Nhdm quan lydfl i n giai doan thi edng xiy dflng
1 '
6.Nhdm quin ly cdng viee
phat sinh
9.Nhdm quin ly ehit
Iflpng
u
V
7.Nhdm quin ly ehi phi
10.Nhdm quin ly an toan lao
dpng
V
; r S.Nhdm
quin ly hop ddng
11.Nhdm quin ly v§ sinh mdi
trfldng Hinh 3.10: So do to chiJc cac nhom chat luong
o Len k l hoaeh d i o tao eu t h i ngay tfl d i u nim
oTheo ddi toin bd q u i trinh dao tao o Khao sat, danh g i i kit q u i dao tao nhim eii t i l n k l hoaeh d i o tao cho nim sau
H§ thdng quin ly d i o tao the hien sfl quan t i m v i dinh gia cao vai trd con ngfldi trong ehinh sieh efla linh dao
-Quy trinh 5S (Hinh 3.8) giup mpi thfl trong edng ty trd nen ngin nip, sach se v i khoa hpe, dilu niy l i m giim tdi da thdi gian ling phi do tim kiem hd so, tai lieu. Mdi trfldng lim viee nhfl viy cung gdp phin kich thieh tinh than lam viec efla nhin vien. B i y l i quy trinh dinh eho toan bd nhan vien trong cdng ty, ndi dung bao gdm:
o Sing Ipe tai lieu giiy v i tai lieu dien tfl thanh:
Tii lieu, hd so tham khio Tai lieu, hd so dfl an hien hinh Tai lieu, hd so Iflu kho Tii li#u loi thdi
o Sip xIp v i o vj tri tflong flng, d i n nhin rd
rang de de tim kilm
o Thflc hien cic cdng viec ve sinh djnh ky mdt cich tfl giie v i thanh thdi quen.
Ndi dung ehi t i l t eie edng viee eu the trong eie quy trinh Hinh 3.4 d i n Hinh 3.8 xin tham khio [1]. Chung tdi xin trich dan mdt vai ndi dung nhu bing 3.1 sau:
3.4. Mo hinh Kaizen vd nhdm chdt luang Viec theo ddi, tao dilu kifen eho nhin vien d l xuat y kiln eii t i l n eua minh theo md hinh Kaizen v i nhdm chit lupng la cich khuyin khieh nhin vien d i m nghT, d i m l i m v i khdng sp khuylt dilm, la phUPng phip eii t i l n mdt cich lien tue va hieu q u i diia tren t i l m ning to Idn efla eon ngfldi. (Hinh 3.9). Trong pham vi md hinh niy, ehung tdi di xuat:
- Sd dd td chfle cic nhdm ehit Iflpng (Hinh 3.10)
Bieu mau hfldng dan cich di xuat y tfldng Kaizen v i y tfldng eii t i l n cua nhdm chit Iflpng.
- Theo ddi nhflng ndi dung d l xuit cii t i l n
08.201 iBwinffiiai 9 5
cua n h d m chat Iflpng va Kaizen
3.5. Mpt sd bieu mdu thu thdp sd tieu thong ke
Tuy dieu kien eu the eua moi edng ty ma cd cie bleu mau khio sit khie nhau. Trong pham vi efla he thdng nay, ehung tdi xin gidi thieu sd Iflpe 2 bing khio sit sau:
• Bing thu t h i p y kiln phin hdi efla khieh hing sau khi hoin thinh d f l i n nham n i m bat dflpc nhu cau eua khieh hing l i m cP sd de cii t i l n thda m i n va vupt sii mong dpi efla khich hang trong tuong lai.
Bing thdng ke sai sdt thudng mac phii trong khi bio g i i thu t h i p dfl lieu trong quy trinh b i o g i i , phin tieh tim ra nhflng sai pham thfldng gap, tfldd de ra hfldng khac phue.
3.6. Chinh sifa tdi tieu djnh Icy
Chung tdi di xuit ehinh sfla tai lieu TQM hing nam nhim sfla ddi nhflng mat chfla phu hpp va phit huy nhflng mat manh, cap nhit nhflng edng nghe mdi vao quy trinh quin ly d i m bio t i i lieu khdng bi loi thdi. Tuy nhien tuy tinh hinh thflc te efla moi edng ty m i ed quy djnh khie nhau.
4. Ket luan va kien nghi
Md hinh quin ly chat Iflpng toan dien eho edng ty tfl van quan ly dfl an xay dflng tren diy l i mpt he thdng quin ly chat Iflpng tdng q u i t vdi nhflng flu diem ndi trdi sau diy:
- Kiem soit dflpc t o i n bd q u i trinh - Khai thie dfldc tiem ning eon ngudi trong cii t i l n cdng viec khdng ngflng
- Ra quylt djnh tren co sd thdng ke dfl lieu thflc t l , do dd nhflng quyet djnh niy rat cd hieu q u i va phu hpp
-Tilt kiem ling phi tdl da.
Tfl nhflng flu diem tren, he thdng d l xuit nay nen dflpc i p dung thflc tien cho cac cdng ty tfl v i n quin ly dfl i n tai Viet Nam. Qua i p dung thflc tien, kiln nghj nen ed nhflng nghien eflu siu hdn sau nay nhim dfla ra: (1) nhflng de xuat bd sung, (2) phflong phip do Ifldng viec thflc hien TQM, (3) nhflng chinh sfla phfl hpp vdi tinh hinh thflc t l sfl dung nhim hoan thien hon md
hinh nay. •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Chung Thi Phuong Yen, "Be xuat he thong quan ly chat Iuang toan dien cho cong ty tu van quSn ly du an xay dung Viet Nam.
Trudng hop ap dung tai Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh", Luan van thac si, 2010.
2. Nguyen Thj Qui, "ISO 9001:2000 trong nganh cong nghiep xay dung Viet Nam- Loi ich, kho khan va cac yeu to thanh cong cho viec ap dung" luan van thac si, 2008.
3. Ngo Quy Viet, Pham Ba CUu, 'Tai sao can ap dung he thong quin ly chat luong toan dien - TQM", Tdng cue tieu chuan do ludng chatluong.
4. Nguyen Quang Dung, "Cam nang TQM", 2009.
5. Trang th6ng tin cua Tong cue tieu chuan do luomg chat luong, http://www.tcvn.gov.vn
6. Tai lieu quan ly chat luong cua Apave.
7. Trang thong tin Tmng tam nang suit Viet Nam, http:/Avww.vpcvn
.ONG NGHE MOfI
CONG NGHE M O I TRONG SAN XUAT KfNHXAY DUNG
Vdi SLf phdt trien cCia kinh te trong nUdc, cac khu do thj, khu cdng nghiep mdi iien tue duac md rong xay dung. W the, nhu cau vgt lieu xdy dung ia rdt idn, dgc biet ia nhQng san phdm chdt iuang, cdng nghe cao. Vgt iieu kinh hien nay rdt dugc Ua chudng trong xay dung, tuy nhien cac mat hang trong nUdc hau nhu chUa ddp dng dugc yeu cdu va tieu chudn xay dung cda cac nha thdu hien nay...
H/ldi day, Cdng ty Kinh noi Chu Lai von ddu tu 100 trieu USD da chinh thitc di vao hogt ddng, va da cd nhdng san phdm ddu tien xudt xUdng ngdy 17/4 viia qua. Qua kiem dinh, nhijfng san pham kinh cua Cdng ty da dqt tieu chudn Nhgt Ban JiS 3202 - 1996. Theo idnh dgo Cdng ty cho biet: Sdn phdm kinh Chu Lai cd dil chiing loqi, kich cd, vdi do day tit 4mm den 25mm dap dng dUgc hdu het cdc nhu cdu vexdy dUng hien nay trin thi trudng trong nudc vd quoc te.
Vdi viec dp dung nhtjfng cdng nghe sdn xudt tien tien nhdt the gidi hiin nay, ianh dqo Cdng ty Kinh noi Chu Lai cho biet: Cdc sdn phdm ciia Cdngty cd ddy dd
chimg iogi, dam bdo ve chdt tugng, gid cd deed th^thay the hodn todn hdng nhdp khdu, ddc biit doi vdi cdc sdn phdm kinh cd do ddy tit 12 mm trd iin (md tif trUdc den nay chl cd hang nhdp khdu). Ciing do, so vdi gid cdc iogi kinh xdy di/ng hien nay trin thi trUdng, kinh Chu Lai cd dii sdc canh tranh, de ngUdi sit dung trong nudc dugc diing hodn todn sdn phdm kinh xdy dung ciia ngddi Viit.
Dugc biet, den thdi diem ndy, IDT da xdy dung xong chinh sdch bdn hdng vd ddyse Id mgt chinh sdch Uu ddi nhdt, hdp dan nhdt dot vdi cdc nhd phdn phoi, cdc dqi iy. Vi chinh sdch ddc biit ndy dUa tren ca sd ddm bdo quyen igi cao nhdt cho khdch hdng trong mgi bien ddng tdng gidm cua thi trudng...
Du mdi ra sdn phdm nhUng hiin dd cd cdc khdch hdng vd dan hdng den tit cdc nUdc ASEAN, chdu Au vd Trung Ddng. Dd Id ca sd ban ddu kinh noi Chu Lai hoqch dinh chien iugc xudt khdu mgt cdch phu hgp, vita ddp dng nhu cdu trong nudc, vita cd hdng hod tham gia xudt khdu...
Cong doan cuoi cho ra san pham
